Derivative Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Note 8: Derivative Instruments

U.S. Public Finance Insurance

The Company’s derivative exposure within its U.S. public finance insurance operations primarily consists of insured interest rate and inflation-linked swaps related to insured U.S. public finance debt issues. These derivatives do not qualify for the financial guarantee scope exception and are accounted for as derivative instruments.

Corporate

The Company has entered into derivative instruments primarily consisting of interest rate swaps to manage the risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates affecting the value of certain assets.

International and Structured Finance Insurance

The Company has entered into a derivative instrument to provide financial guarantee insurance to a structured finance transaction that does not qualify for the financial guarantee scope exception and, therefore, is accounted for as a derivative. The insured CDS contract, referencing CMBS, is intended to be held for the entire term of the contract unless a settlement with the counterparty is negotiated. The Company no longer insures new CDS contracts except for transactions related to the restructuring or reduction of existing derivative exposure. The Company’s derivative exposure within its international and structured finance insurance segment also includes insured interest rate and inflation-linked swaps related to insured debt issues.

The Company has also entered into a derivative contract as a result of a commutation that occurred in 2014. Changes in the fair value of the Company’s non-insured derivative are included in “Net gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value and foreign exchange” on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Variable Interest Entities

A VIE consolidated by the Company has entered into a cross currency swap, which was entered into to manage the variability in cash flows resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency rates.

Credit Derivatives Sold

The following tables present information about credit derivatives sold by the Company’s insurance operations that were outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Credit ratings represent the lower of underlying ratings assigned to the collateral by Moody’s, S&P or MBIA.

$ in millions	As of March 31, 2019
		Notional Value
Credit Derivatives Sold	Weighted Average Remaining Expected Maturity		AAA		AA		A		BBB		Below Investment Grade		Total Notional		Fair Value Asset (Liability)
Insured credit default swaps	0.8 Years	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	53	$	53	$	(19)
Insured swaps	15.5 Years		-		72		1,436		555		-		2,063		(2)
Total notional		$	-	$	72	$	1,436	$	555	$	53	$	2,116
Total fair value		$	-	$	-	$	(1)	$	(1)	$	(19)			$	(21)

$ in millions	As of December 31, 2018
		Notional Value
Credit Derivatives Sold	Weighted Average Remaining Expected Maturity		AAA		AA		A		BBB		Below Investment Grade		Total Notional		Fair Value Asset (Liability)
Insured credit default swaps	1.0 Years	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	70	$	70	$	(33)
Insured swaps	15.7 Years		-		74		1,463		896		-		2,433		(2)
Total notional		$	-	$	74	$	1,463	$	896	$	70	$	2,503
Total fair value		$	-	$	-	$	(1)	$	(1)	$	(33)			$	(35)

Internal credit ratings assigned by MBIA on the underlying collateral are derived by the Company’s surveillance group. In assigning an internal rating, current status reports from issuers and trustees, as well as publicly available transaction-specific information, are reviewed. Also, where appropriate, cash flow analyses and collateral valuations are considered. The maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted) on insured CDS and insured swaps is estimated as the notional value of such contracts.

MBIA may hold recourse provisions with third parties in derivative instruments through subrogation rights, whereby if MBIA makes a claim payment, it may be entitled to any rights of the insured counterparty, including the right to any assets held as collateral.

Counterparty Credit Risk

The Company manages counterparty credit risk on an individual counterparty basis through master netting agreements covering derivative instruments in the corporate segment. These agreements allow the Company to contractually net amounts due from a counterparty with those amounts due to such counterparty when certain triggering events occur. The Company only executes swaps under master netting agreements, which typically contain mutual credit downgrade provisions that generally provide the ability to require assignment or termination in the event either MBIA or the counterparty is downgraded below a specified credit rating.

Under these agreements, the Company may receive or provide cash, U.S. Treasury or other highly rated securities to secure counterparties’ exposure to the Company or its exposure to counterparties, respectively. Such collateral is available to the holder to pay for replacing the counterparty in the event that the counterparty defaults. As of March 31, 2019, the Company did not hold cash collateral to derivative counterparties but posted $9 million cash collateral to derivative counterparties. As of December 31, 2018, the Company did not hold or post cash collateral to derivative counterparties.

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had securities with a fair value of $207 million and $205 million, respectively, posted to derivative counterparties and these amounts are included within “Fixed-maturity securities held as available-for-sale, at fair value” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value on one Credit Support Annex (“CSA”) was $1 million and $2 million, respectively. This CSA governs collateral posting requirements between MBIA and its derivative counterparties. The Company did not receive collateral due to the Company’s credit rating, which was below the CSA minimum credit ratings level for holding counterparty collateral. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the counterparty was rated A1 by Moody’s and A+ by S&P.

Financial Statement Presentation

The fair value of amounts recognized for eligible derivative contracts executed with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement, including any cash collateral that may have been received or posted by the Company, is presented on a net basis in accordance with accounting guidance for the offsetting of fair value amounts related to derivative instruments. Insured CDS and insured swaps are not subject to master netting agreements. VIE derivative assets and liabilities are not presented net of any master netting agreements. Counterparty netting of derivative assets and liabilities offsets balances in “Interest rate swaps”, when applicable.

The following table presents the total fair value of the Company’s derivative assets and liabilities by instrument and balance sheet location, before counterparty netting, as of March 31, 2019:

In millions				Derivative Assets ⁽¹⁾			Derivative Liabilities ⁽¹⁾
		Notional
		Amount			Fair			Fair
Derivative Instruments		Outstanding		Balance Sheet Location	Value		Balance Sheet Location	Value
Not designated as hedging instruments:
	Insured credit default swaps	$	53	Other assets	$	-	Derivative liabilities	$	(19)
	Insured swaps		2,063	Other assets		-	Derivative liabilities		(2)
	Interest rate swaps		683	Other assets		1	Derivative liabilities		(172)
	Interest rate swaps-embedded		287	Medium-term notes		-	Medium-term notes		(13)
	Currency swaps-VIE		61	Other assets-VIE		14	Derivative liabilities-VIE		-
	All other		49	Other assets		-	Derivative liabilities		(7)
Total non-designated derivatives		$	3,196		$	15		$	(213)
__________
(1) - In accordance with the accounting guidance for derivative instruments and hedging activities, the balance sheet location of the Company’s embedded derivative instruments is determined
	by the location of the related host contract.

The following table presents the total fair value of the Company’s derivative assets and liabilities by instrument and balance sheet location, before counterparty netting, as of December 31, 2018:


In millions				Derivative Assets ⁽¹⁾			Derivative Liabilities ⁽¹⁾
			Notional
			Amount		Fair			Fair
Derivative Instruments			Outstanding	Balance Sheet Location	Value		Balance Sheet Location	Value
Not designated as hedging instruments:
	Insured credit default swaps	$	70	Other assets	$	-	Derivative liabilities	$	(33)
	Insured swaps		2,433	Other assets		-	Derivative liabilities		(2)
	Interest rate swaps		712	Other assets		2	Derivative liabilities		(157)
	Interest rate swaps-embedded		293	Medium-term notes		-	Medium-term notes		(13)
	Currency swaps-VIE		62	Other assets-VIE		16	Derivative liabilities-VIE		-
	All other		49	Other assets		-	Derivative liabilities		(7)
Total non-designated derivatives		$	3,619		$	18		$	(212)
__________
(1) - In accordance with the accounting guidance for derivative instruments and hedging activities, the balance sheet location of the Company’s embedded derivative instruments is determined
	by the location of the related host contract.

The following table presents the effect of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

In millions
Derivatives Not Designated as		Three Months Ended March 31,
Hedging Instruments	Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	2019		2018
Insured credit default swaps	Unrealized gains (losses) on insured derivatives	$	14	$	14
Insured credit default swaps	Realized gains (losses) and other settlements on insured derivatives		-		(19)
Interest rate swaps	Net gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value and foreign exchange		(20)		18
Currency swaps-VIE	Net gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value and foreign exchange-VIE		(3)		(6)
Total		$	(9)	$	7