Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Experts” in Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement (Form F-3 No. 333-181576) and related Prospectus of Telefónica, S.A. for the registration of ordinary shares of Telefónica, S.A. and the rights to subscribe to such ordinary shares and debt securities of Telefónica Emisiones, S.A.U. fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Telefónica, S.A. and to the incorporation by reference therein of our reports dated February 27, 2015, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Telefónica, S.A. and subsidiaries, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Telefónica, S.A., incorporated by reference in its Annual Report (Form 20-F) for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

ERNST & YOUNG, S.L.

/s/ Ignacio Viota del Corte

Ignacio Viota del Corte

Madrid, Spain

March 26, 2015