Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidation, Policy

Current Economic Conditions

In March 2020, the World Health Organization categorized COVID-19 as a pandemic and the President of the United States declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic, and actions taken by governments and others in response thereto, has negatively impacted the global economy, financial markets, and the

industries in which our subsidiaries operate. Our consolidated results of operations and financial condition have been impacted primarily by the volatility in the fair value of investments held by our Investment segment and the Holding Company (primarily unrealized) as well as declines in the global demand for refined products, especially gasoline and diesel fuels, with respect to our Energy segment. The impact on our businesses has also included the acceleration of selective planned store closures in our Automotive segment, lowering current year forecasts across various segments and recording write-downs to inventories. We believe that the current economic conditions will continue to impact our businesses through at least the remainder of the year. The extent and duration of the impact on our future results of operations, liquidity and financial condition is uncertain and may be significant.

Principles of Consolidation

Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of (i) Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings and (ii) the wholly and majority owned subsidiaries of Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings, in addition to variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which we are the primary beneficiary. In evaluating whether we have a controlling financial interest in entities that we consolidate, we consider the following: (1) for voting interest entities, including limited partnerships and similar entities that are not VIEs, we consolidate these entities in which we own a majority of the voting interests; and (2) for VIEs, we consolidate these entities in which we are the primary beneficiary. See below for a discussion of our VIEs. Kick-out rights, which are the rights underlying the limited partners’ ability to dissolve the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partners, held through voting interests of partnerships and similar entities that are not VIEs are considered the equivalent of the equity interests of corporations that are not VIEs.

Except for our Investment segment and Holding Company, for equity investments in which we own 50% or less but greater than 20%, we generally account for such investments using the equity method. All other equity investments are accounted for at fair value.

Reclassifications [Text Block]

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications from the prior year presentation have been made to conform to the current year presentation, which did not have an impact on previously reported net income and equity and are not deemed material.

Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

The following is a discussion of variable interest entities in which we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and in which we therefore consolidate. In addition, as discussed in Note 3, “Related Party Transactions,” we have a variable interest in an entity in which we are not the primary beneficiary and therefore we do not consolidate.

Icahn Enterprises Holdings

We determined that Icahn Enterprises Holdings is a VIE because it is a limited partnership that lacks both substantive kick-out and participating rights. Although Icahn Enterprises is not the general partner of Icahn Enterprises Holdings, Icahn Enterprises is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of Icahn Enterprises Holdings principally based on its 99% limited partner interest in Icahn Enterprises Holdings, as well as our related party relationship with the general partner, and therefore continues to consolidate Icahn Enterprises Holdings. The condensed consolidated financial statements of Icahn Enterprises Holdings are included in this Report. The balances with respect to Icahn Enterprises Holdings’ consolidated VIEs are discussed below, comprising the Investment Funds, CVR Partners and Viskase’s joint venture.

Investment

We determined that each of the Investment Funds are considered VIEs because these limited partnerships lack both substantive kick-out and participating rights. Because we have a general partner interest in each of the Investment Funds and have significant limited partner interests in each of the Investment Funds, coupled with our significant exposure to losses and benefits in each of the Investment Funds, we are the primary beneficiary of each of the Investment Funds and therefore continue to consolidate each of the Investment Funds.

Energy

CVR Partners is considered a VIE because it is a limited partnership that lacks both substantive kick-out and participating rights. In addition, CVR Energy also concluded that, based upon its general partner’s roles and rights in CVR Partners as afforded by CVR Partners’ partnership agreement, coupled with its exposure to losses and benefits in CVR Partners through its significant limited partner interest, intercompany credit facilities and services agreements, it is the primary beneficiary of CVR Partners.

Food Packaging

Viskase holds a variable interest in a joint venture for which Viskase is the primary beneficiary. Viskase’s interest in the joint venture includes a 50% equity interest and also relates to the sales, operations, administrative and financial support to the joint venture through providing many of the assets used in its business.

The following table includes balances of assets and liabilities of VIE’s included in Icahn Enterprises Holdings’ condensed consolidated balance sheets.

	June 30,		December 31,
	2020		2019
	(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	35	$	42
Cash held at consolidated affiliated partnerships and restricted cash		889		989
Investments		8,681		9,207
Due from brokers		2,152		858
Accounts receivable, net		16		35
Inventories, net		47		48
Property, plant and equipment, net		1,090		1,123
Unrealized gain on derivative contracts		1,921		182
Intangible assets, net		241		251
Other assets		33		49
Accounts payable		24		25
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		43		98
Unrealized loss on derivative contracts		81		1,215
Securities sold, not yet purchased, at fair value		459		1,190
Due to brokers		2,938		54
Debt		633		633

Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, cash held at consolidated affiliated partnerships and restricted cash, accounts receivable, due from brokers, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities and due to brokers are deemed to be reasonable estimates of their fair values because of their short-term nature. See Note 4, “Investments,”

and Note 5, “Fair Value Measurements,” for a detailed discussion of our investments and other non-financial assets and/or liabilities.

The fair value of our long-term debt is based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to us for debt of the same remaining maturities. The carrying value and estimated fair value of our long-term debt as of June 30, 2020 was approximately $8.2 billion and $7.9 billion, respectively. The carrying value and estimated fair value of our long-term debt as of December 31, 2019 was approximately $8.2 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively.

Cash Flow

Cash Flow

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows is comprised of (i) cash and cash equivalents and (ii) cash held at consolidated affiliated partnerships and restricted cash.

Cash Held at Consolidated Affiliated Partnerships and Restricted Cash

Cash Held at Consolidated Affiliated Partnerships and Restricted Cash

Our cash held at consolidated affiliated partnerships balance was $540 million and $86 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Cash held at consolidated affiliated partnerships relates to our Investment segment and consists of cash and cash equivalents held by the Investment Funds that, although not legally restricted, are not available to fund the general liquidity needs of the Investment segment or Icahn Enterprises.

Our restricted cash balance was $376 million and $1,065 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Restricted cash primarily relates to our Investment segment’s cash pledged and held for margin requirements on derivative transactions.

Revenue From Contracts With Customers and Contract Balances

Revenue From Contracts With Customers and Contract Balances

Due to the nature of our business, we derive revenue from various sources in various industries. With the exception of all of our Investment segment’s and our Holding Company’s revenues, and our Real Estate segment’s leasing revenue, our revenue is generally derived from contracts with customers. Such revenue from contracts with customers are included in net sales and other revenues from operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, however, our Real Estate segment’s leasing revenue, as disclosed in Note 9, “Leases,” is also included in other revenues from operations. Related contract assets are included in accounts receivable, net or other assets and related contract liabilities are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our disaggregation of revenue information includes our net sales and other revenues from operations for each of our reporting segments as well as additional disaggregation of revenue information for our Energy and Automotive segments. See Note 12, “Segment Reporting,” for our complete disaggregation of revenue information. In addition, we disclose additional information with respect to revenue from contracts with customers and contract balances for our Energy and Automotive segments below.

Energy

Our Energy segment’s deferred revenue is a contract liability that primarily relates to fertilizer sales contracts requiring customer prepayment prior to product delivery to guarantee a price and supply of nitrogen fertilizer. Deferred revenue is recorded at the point in time in which a prepaid contract is legally enforceable and the associated right to consideration is unconditional prior to transferring product to the customer. An associated receivable is recorded for uncollected prepaid contract amounts. Contracts requiring prepayment are generally short-term in nature and, as discussed above, revenue is recognized at the point in time in which the customer obtains control of the product. Our Energy segment had deferred revenue of $3 million and $28 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019,

respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, our Energy segment recorded revenue of $27 million and $68 million, respectively, with respect to deferred revenue outstanding as of the beginning of each respective period, and which includes $21 million and $56 million recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

As of June 30, 2020, our Energy segment had $8 million of remaining performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of more than one year. Our Energy segment expects to recognize approximately $1 million of these performance obligations as revenue by the end of 2020 and the remaining balance thereafter.

Automotive

Our Automotive segment has deferred revenue with respect to extended warranty plans of $40 million and $42 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, which are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, our Automotive segment recorded revenue of $13 million and $12 million, respectively, with respect to deferred revenue outstanding as of the beginning of each respective period, and which includes $7 million and $6 million recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which amends FASB ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. In addition, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Targeted Transition Relief, which updates FASB ASU 2016-13. These ASUs require financial assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount to be collected and broadens the information, including forecasted information incorporating more timely information, that an entity must consider in developing its expected credit loss estimate for assets measured. These ASUs are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We have adopted this standard on January 1, 2020. Most of our financial assets are excluded from the requirements of this standard as they are measured at fair value or are subject to other accounting standards. In addition, certain of our other financial assets are short-term in nature and therefore were not subject to significant credit losses beyond what was previously recorded under prior accounting standards. As a result, the adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements, which amends FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements. This ASU eliminates, modifies and adds various disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Certain disclosures are required to be applied using a retrospective approach and others using a prospective approach. We have adopted this standard on January 1, 2020. The various disclosure requirements being eliminated, modified or added are not significant to us. As a result, the adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract, which amends FASB ASC Subtopic 350-40, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software. This ASU adds certain disclosure requirements related to implementation costs incurred for internal-use software and cloud computing arrangements. The amendment aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either using a retrospective or prospective approach. We have adopted this standard on January 1, 2020 prospectively. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which amends FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. This ASU simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in the standard and modifies other areas of the standard to clarify the application of U.S. GAAP. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Certain amendments in this ASU should be applied using a retrospective approach and others using the prospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. We currently do not anticipate this standard to have a significant impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which amends FASB ASC Topic 848, Reference Rate Reform. By the end of 2021, banks will no longer be required to report information that is used to determine London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) which is used globally by all types of entities for various types of transactions. As a result, LIBOR could be discontinued, as well as other interest rates used globally. This ASU provides companies with optional expedients for contract modifications under U.S GAAP, excluded components of certain hedging relationships, fair value hedges, and cash flow hedges, as well as certain exceptions, which are intended to help ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from these reference rates. Companies can apply this ASU immediately and will only be available for a limited time (generally through December 31, 2022). We are currently assessing the impact of this standard on our condensed consolidated financial statements.