Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2012

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements Disclosures [Text Block]

Fair Value Measurements.

U.S. GAAP requires enhanced disclosures about investments and non-recurring non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value and has established a hierarchal disclosure framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments or non-financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the investment. Investments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Investments and non-financial assets and/or liabilities measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:

Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The types of investments included in Level 1 include listed equities and listed derivatives. We do not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where we hold a large position.

Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives. The inputs and assumptions of our Level 2 investments are derived from market observable sources including: reported trades, broker/dealer quotes and other pertinent data.

Level 3 - Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and non-financial asset and/or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment or non-financial asset and/or liability. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Fair value is determined using comparable market transactions and other valuation methodologies, adjusted as appropriate for liquidity, credit, market and/or other risk factors.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investment's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment. Significant transfers, if any, between the levels within the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period.

Investment

The following table summarizes the valuation of the Investment Funds' investments by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011: 

	March 31, 2012								December 31, 2011
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets	(in millions)
Investments:
Equity securities:
Basic materials	$	124	$	—	$	—	$	124	$	128	$	—	$	—	$	128
Communications	1,208		—		—		1,208		2,593		—		—		2,593
Consumer, non-cyclical	1,402		—		—		1,402		1,778		26		—		1,804
Consumer, cyclical	396		450		—		846		376		378		—		754
Energy	551		93		—		644		1,644		29		—		1,673
Financial	205		—		—		205		263		—		—		263
Industrial	—		—		—		—		—		32		—		32
Technology	282		—		—		282		254		—		—		254
Utilities	45		29		—		74		83		21		—		104
	4,213		572		—		4,785		7,119		486		—		7,605
Corporate debt:
Communications	—		91		—		91		—		84		—		84
Consumer, cyclical	—		6		273		279		—		150		289		439
Utilities	—		26		—		26		—		34		—		34
Sovereign debt	—		5		—		5		—		10		—		10
Financial	—		116		—		116		—		109		—		109
	—		244		273		517		—		387		289		676
Mortgage-backed securities:
Financial	—		174		—		174		—		167		—		167
	4,213		990		273		5,476		7,119		1,040		289		8,448
Derivative contracts, at fair value(1):	—		—		—		—		—		3		—		3
	$	4,213	$	990	$	273	$	5,476	$	7,119	$	1,043	$	289	$	8,451
Liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased, at fair value:
Equity securities:
Consumer, cyclical	$	363	$	—	$	—	$	363	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Energy	41		—		—		41		—		—		—		—
Funds	486		85		—		571		4,466		10		—		4,476
	890		85		—		975		4,466		10		—		4,476
Derivative contracts, at fair value(2):	—		383		—		383		—		42		—		42
	$	890	$	468	$	—	$	1,358	$	4,466	$	52	$	—	$	4,518

⁽¹⁾  Included in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets.

⁽²⁾  Included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

The changes in investments measured at fair value for which the Investment segment has used Level 3 input to determine fair value are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2012			2011
	(in millions)
Balance at January 1	$	289		$	329
Gross realized and unrealized losses	(13		)	—
Gross proceeds	(3		)	(10		)
Balance at March 31	$	273		$	319

Unrealized losses of $14 million are included in earnings related to Level 3 investments still held at March 31, 2012. Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 investments, if any, are reported in net gain from investment activities in our consolidated statements of operations.

The Investment Funds owned one Level 3 corporate debt investment at March 31, 2012.  Fair value was determined through yield analysis of comparable loans to which we applied a risk premium that we determined to be appropriate, which resulted in a lower valuation for our Level 3 investment.  Adjusting the risk premium by 1% in either direction would result in a 3% change in the fair value of the loan.

Other Segments

The following table summarizes the valuation of our Automotive segment and Holding Company investments and derivative contracts by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011: 

	March 31, 2012						December 31, 2011
	Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets	(in millions)
Marketable equity and debt securities	$	—	$	1	$	1	$	20	$	—	$	20
Trading securities	—		60		60		—		—		—
Investments in precious metals	—		—		—		150		—		150
Derivative contracts, at fair value(1):	—		—		—		—		3		3
	$	—	$	61	$	61	$	170	$	3	$	173
Liabilities
Derivative contracts, at fair value(2):	$	—	$	43	$	43	$	—	$	57	$	57

⁽¹⁾  Amounts are classified within other assets in our consolidated balance sheets.

⁽²⁾  Amounts are classified within accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2012 are set forth in the table below:

	March 31, 2012
	Level 3
	Asset		Recognized
Category	(Liability)		Loss
	(in millions)
Property, plant and equipment	$	10	$	(2	)

Property, plant and equipment for our Automotive and Home Fashion segments with an aggregate carrying value of $12 million were written down to their fair values of $10 million, resulting in an impairment charge of $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. We determined the fair value of these assets by applying probability weighted, expected present value techniques to the estimated future cash flows using assumptions a market participant would utilize.