LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]

LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

3. LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans outstanding, by classification, are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,		December 31,
	2015		2014
Commercial, financial, and agricultural	$	39,195	$	33,308
Commercial Real Estate		107,439		116,437
Single-Family Residential		31,608		31,940
Construction and Development		1,905		2,925
Consumer		6,549		6,428
		186,696		191,038
Allowance for loan losses		2,248		2,299
	$	184,448	$	188,739

Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment is summarized as follows (in thousands):

	For the Three Month Period Ended September 30, 2015
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate			Single-family Residential			Construction & Development			Consumer			Total
Beginning balance	$	640	$	1,191		$	290		$	9		$	191		$	2,321
Provision for loan losses		60		(120	)		89			(5	)		51			75
Loans charged-off		—		(55	)		(60	)		—			(54	)		(169	)
Recoveries on loans charged-off		4		6			1			—			10			21
Ending Balance	$	704	$	1,022		$	320		$	4		$	198		$	2,248

	For the Nine Month Period Ended September 30, 2015
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate			Single-family Residential			Construction & Development			Consumer			Total
Beginning balance	$	415	$	1,366		$	254		$	72		$	192		$	2,299
Provision for loan losses		275		(388	)		271			(74	)		116			200
Loans charged-off		—		(138	)		(230	)		—			(165	)		(533	)
Recoveries on loans charged-off		14		182			25			6			55			282
Ending Balance	$	704	$	1,022		$	320		$	4		$	198		$	2,248

	For the Three Month Period Ended September 30, 2014
	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Single-family Residential			Construction & Development			Consumer			Total
Beginning balance	$	251		$	1,913		$	508		$	139		$	147		$	2,958
Provision for loan losses		206			(140	)		(162	)		52			44			—
Loans charged-off		(7	)		(108	)		(162	)		(137	)		(46	)		(460	)
Recoveries on loans charged-off		6			9			23			—			18			56
Ending Balance	$	456		$	1,674		$	207		$	54		$	163		$	2,554

	For the Nine Month Period Ended September 30, 2014
	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Single-family Residential			Construction & Development			Consumer			Total
Beginning balance	$	384		$	1,721		$	731		$	126		$	195		$	3,157
Provision for loan losses		49			167			(352	)		65			71			—
Loans charged-off		(7	)		(244	)		(286	)		(137	)		(144	)		(818	)
Recoveries on loans charged-off		30			30			114			—			41			215
Ending Balance	$	456		$	1,674		$	207		$	54		$	163		$	2,554

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2014
	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Single-family Residential			Construction & Development			Consumer			Total
Beginning balance	$	384		$	1,721		$	731		$	126		$	195		$	3,157
Provision for loan losses		(12	)		27			(129	)		69			120			75
Loans charged-off		(9	)		(562	)		(468	)		(137	)		(182	)		(1,358	)
Recoveries on loans charged-off		52			180			120			14			59			425
Ending Balance	$	415		$	1,366		$	254		$	72		$	192		$	2,299

Portions of the allowance for loan losses may be allocated for specific loans or portfolio segments. However, the entire allowance for loan losses is available for any loan that, in the judgment of management, should be charged-off.

In determining our allowance for loan losses, we regularly review loans for specific reserves based on the appropriate impairment assessment methodology. Consumer residential loans are evaluated as a homogeneous population and therefore loans are not evaluated individually for impairment. General reserves are determined using historical loss trends measured over a rolling four quarter average for consumer loans, and a three year average loss factor for commercial loans which is applied to risk rated loans grouped by Federal Financial Examination Council (“FFIEC”) call code. For commercial loans, the general reserves are calculated by applying the appropriate historical loss factor to the loan pool. Impaired loans greater than a minimum threshold established by management are excluded from this analysis.   The sum of all such amounts determines our total allowance for loan losses. 

The allocation of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment was as follows (in thousands):

	At September 30, 2015
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Single-family Residential		Construction & Development		Consumer		Total
Specific Reserves:
Impaired loans	$	—	$	212	$	100	$	—	$	—	$	312
Total specific reserves		—		212		100		—		—		312
General reserves		704		810		220		4		198		1,936
Total	$	704	$	1,022	$	320	$	4	$	198	$	2,248
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	6,483	$	424	$	—	$	—	$	6,907
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		39,195		100,956		31,184		1,905		6,549		179,789
Total	$	39,195	$	107,439	$	31,608	$	1,905	$	6,549	$	186,696

	At December 31, 2014
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Single-family Residential		Construction & Development		Consumer		Total
Specific Reserves:
Impaired loans	$	—	$	91	$	51	$	—	$	—	$	142
Total specific reserves		—		91		51		—		—		142
General reserves		415		1,275		203		72		192		2,157
Total	$	415	$	1,366	$	254	$	72	$	192	$	2,299
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	9,787	$	280	$	219	$	—	$	10,286
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		33,308		106,650		31,660		2,706		6,428		180,752
Total	$	33,308	$	116,437	$	31,940	$	2,925	$	6,428	$	191,038

The following table presents impaired loans by class of loan (in thousands):

	At September 30, 2015
	Impaired Loans - With Allowance						Impaired Loans - With no Allowance
	Unpaid Principal		Recorded Investment		Allowance for Loan Losses Allocated		Unpaid Principal		Recorded Investment
Residential:
First mortgages	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
HELOC’s and equity		134		134		100		310		290
Commercial
Secured		—		—		—		—		—
Unsecured		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		408		408		18		8,210		4,010
Non-owner occupied		691		691		194		1,428		1,374
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
Construction and Development:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Improved Land		—		—		—		—		—
Unimproved Land		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer and Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,233	$	1,233	$	312	$	9,948	$	5,674

The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by class of loan (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2015				September 30, 2014
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Residential:
First mortgages	$	—	$	—	$	231	$	—
HELOC’s and equity		212		34		274		24
Commercial:
Secured		—		—		—		—
Unsecured		—		—		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		8,802		296		5,637		603
Non-owner occupied		2,294		179		2,216		79
Multi-family		—		—		97		51
Construction and Development:
Construction		—		—		292		27
Improved Land		—		—		—		—
Unimproved Land		—		—		—		—
Consumer and Other		—		—		—		—
Total	$	11,308	$	509	$	8,747	$	784

	At December 31, 2014
	Impaired Loans - With Allowance						Impaired Loans - With no Allowance
	Unpaid Principal		Recorded Investment		Allowance for Loan Losses Allocated		Unpaid Principal		Recorded Investment		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Residential:
First mortgages	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
HELOC’s and equity		102		102		51		178		178		86		35
Commercial
Secured		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Unsecured		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		81		81		81		8,014		7,457		7,575		717
Non-owner occupied		—		—		—		2,388		2,154		2,228		165
Multi-family		95		95		10		—		—		97		69
Construction and Development														.
Construction		—		—		—		356		219		292		30
Improved Land		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer and Other		—		—				—		—		—		—
Total	$	278	$	278	$	142	$	10,936	$	10,008	$	10,278	$	1,016

The following table is an aging analysis of our loan portfolio (in thousands):

	At September 30, 2015
	30- 59 Days Past Due		60- 89 Days Past Due		Over 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans Receivable		Recorded Investment > 90 Days and  Accruing		Nonaccrual
Residential:
First mortgages	$	—	$	526	$	950	$	1,476	$	21,459	$	22,935	$	—	$	1,454
HELOC’s and equity		229		24		182		435		8,238		8,673		—		256
Commercial:						—
Secured		30		—		—		30		32,565		32,595		—		—
Unsecured		—		—		—		—		6,600		6,600		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		906		689		—		1,595		51,154		52,749		—		1,693
Non-owner occupied		401		—		—		401		49,400		49,801		—		930
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		4,889		4,889		—		—
Construction and  Development:
Construction		—		—		—		—		1,905		1,905		—		—
Improved Land		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer and Other		1		14		6		21		6,528		6,549		—		6
Total	$	1,567	$	1,253	$	1,138	$	3,958	$	182,738	$	186,696	$	—	$	4,339

	At December 31, 2014
	30- 59 Days Past Due		60- 89 Days Past Due		Over 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans Receivable		Recorded Investment > 90 Days and  Accruing		Nonaccrual
Residential:
First mortgages	$	2,273	$	1,190	$	1,036	$	4,499	$	19,960	$	24,459	$	35	$	1,513
HELOC’s and equity		60		550		184		794		6,687		7,481		—		286
Commercial:
Secured		—		187		—		187		28,232		28,419		—		—
Unsecured		—		—		—		—		4,889		4,889		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		767		—		228		995		59,065		60,060		—		1,222
Non-owner occupied		1,429		588		84		2,101		42,425		44,526		—		1,026
Multi-family		35		327		95		457		11,394		11,851		—		95
Construction and  Development:
Construction		—		—		—		—		2,759		2,759		—		—
Improved Land		103		—		—		103		63		166		—		—
Consumer and Other		6		22		18		46		6,382		6,428		—		18
Total	$	4,673	$	2,864	$	1,645	$	9,182	$	181,856	$	191,038	$	35	$	4,160

Each of our portfolio segments and the classes within those segments are subject to risks that could have an adverse impact on the credit quality of our loan and lease portfolio. Management has identified the most significant risks as described below which are generally similar among our segments and classes. While the list is not exhaustive, it provides a description of the risks that management has determined are the most significant.

Commercial, financial and agricultural loans—We centrally underwrite each of our commercial loans based primarily upon the customer’s ability to generate the required cash flow to service the debt in accordance with the contractual terms and conditions of the loan agreement. We endeavor to gain a complete understanding of our borrower’s businesses including the experience and background of the principals. To the extent that the loan is secured by collateral, which is a predominant feature of the majority of our commercial loans, we gain an understanding of the likely value of the collateral and what level of strength the collateral brings to the loan transaction. To the extent that the principals or other parties provide personal guarantees, we analyze the relative financial strength and liquidity of each guarantor. Common risks to each class of commercial loans include risks that are not specific to individual transactions such as general economic conditions within our markets, as well as risks that are specific to each transaction including demand for products and services, personal events such as disability or change in marital status, and reductions in the value of our collateral. Due to the concentration of loans in the metro Atlanta and Birmingham areas, we are susceptible to changes in market and economic conditions of these areas.

Consumer—The installment loan portfolio includes loans secured by personal property such as automobiles, marketable securities, other titled recreational vehicles and motorcycles, as well as unsecured consumer debt. The value of underlying collateral within this class is especially volatile due to potential rapid depreciation in values since date of loan origination in excess of principal repayment.

Commercial Real Estate—Real estate commercial loans consist of loans secured by multifamily housing, commercial non-owner and owner occupied and other commercial real estate loans. The primary risk associated with multifamily loans is the ability of the income-producing property that collateralizes the loan to produce adequate cash flow to service the debt. High unemployment or generally weak economic conditions may result in our customer having to provide rental rate concessions to achieve adequate occupancy rates. Commercial owner-occupied and other commercial real estate loans are primarily dependent on the ability of our customers to achieve business results consistent with those projected at loan origination resulting in cash flow sufficient to service the debt. To the extent that a customer’s business results are significantly unfavorable versus the original projections, the ability for our loan to be serviced on a basis consistent with the contractual terms may be at risk. These loans are primarily secured by real property and can include other collateral such as personal guarantees, personal property, or business assets such as inventory or accounts receivable, it is possible that the liquidation of the collateral will not fully satisfy the obligation. Also, due to the concentration of loans in the metro Atlanta and Birmingham areas, we are susceptible to changes in market and economic conditions of these areas.

Single-family Residential— Real estate residential loans are to individuals and are secured by 1-4 family residential property. Significant and rapid declines in real estate values can result in residential mortgage loan borrowers having debt levels in excess of the current market value of the collateral. Such a decline in values has led to unprecedented levels of foreclosures and losses during 2008-2012 within the banking industry.

Construction and Development—Real estate construction loans are highly dependent on the supply and demand for residential and commercial real estate in the markets we serve as well as the demand for newly constructed commercial space and residential homes and lots that our customers are developing. Continuing deterioration in demand could result in significant decreases in the underlying collateral values and make repayment of the outstanding loans more difficult for our customers. Real estate construction loans can experience delays in completion and cost overruns that exceed the borrower’s financial ability to complete the project. Such cost overruns can routinely result in foreclosure of partially completed and unmarketable collateral.

Risk categories—The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Loans classified as substandard or special mention are reviewed quarterly by the Company for further deterioration or improvement to determine if appropriately classified and impairment, if any. All other loan relationships greater than $750,000 are reviewed at least annually to determine the appropriate loan grading. In addition, during the renewal process of any loan, as well as if a loan becomes past due, the Company will evaluate the loan grade.

Loans excluded from the scope of the annual review process above are generally classified as pass credits until: (a) they become past due; (b) management becomes aware of deterioration in the credit worthiness of the borrower; or (c) the customer contacts the Company for a modification. In these circumstances, the loan is specifically evaluated for potential classification as to special mention, substandard or even charged off. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

The following table presents our loan portfolio by risk rating (in thousands):

	At September 30, 2015
	Total		Pass Credits		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful
Single-Family Residential:
First mortgages	$	22,935	$	21,589	$	—	$	1,346	$	—
HELOC’s and equity		8,673		7,954		106		519		94
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
Secured		32,595		32,565		—		30		—
Unsecured		6,600		6,600		—		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		52,749		45,498		5,369		1,882		—
Non-owner occupied		49,801		47,651		140		2,010		—
Multi-family		4,889		4,581		308		—		—
Construction and Development:
Construction		1,905		1,905		—		—		—
Improved Land		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer		6,549		6,531		—		13		5
Total	$	186,696	$	174,874	$	5,923	$	5,800	$	99

	At December 31, 2014
	Total		Pass Credits		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful
Single-Family Residential:
First mortgages	$	24,459	$	22,168	$	—	$	2,291	$	—
HELOC’s and equity		7,481		6,346		557		476		102
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
Secured		28,419		28,419		—		—		—
Unsecured		4,889		4,889		—		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner occupied		60,060		50,603		4,673		4,702		82
Non-owner occupied		44,526		37,750		4,805		1,971		—
Multi-family		11,851		10,353		1,368		130		—
Construction and Development:
Construction		2,759		2,540		—		219		—
Improved Land		166		127		39		—		—
Consumer		6,428		6,392		5		13		18
Total	$	191,038	$	169,587	$	11,447	$	9,802	$	202

During the three months ended September 30, 2015, the Company modified one loan that was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company modified five loans that were considered to be troubled debt restructurings. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, the Company modified one loan that was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring. We extended the terms and decreased the interest rate on these loans (dollars in thousands).

Extended Terms and Decreased Interest Rate
	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Number of Loans		Pre-Modification Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Recorded Investment
Residential:
Residential mortgages		5	$	445	$	445
Total		5	$	445	$	445

There was one loan restructured during the last twelve months that has experienced payment default subsequent to restructuring during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015. There were no loans restructured during the last twelve months that experienced payment default subsequent to restructuring during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2014.

The Company considers a default as failure to comply with the restructured loan agreement. This would include the restructured loan being past due greater than 90 days, failure to comply with financial covenants, or failure to maintain current insurance coverage or real estate taxes after the loan restructure date.