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Pension and Other Post Retirement Benefits (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Schedule of funded status of Company's plans' reconciled with amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
The following table shows the funded status of the Company’s plans’ reconciled with amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:
Pension BenefitsOther Post-
Retirement Benefits
2023202220232022
ForeignU.S.TotalForeignU.S.TotalU.S.U.S.
Change in benefit obligation
Gross benefit obligation at beginning of year$130,554 $79,086 $209,640 $228,752 $103,420 $332,172 $1,606 $2,010 
Service cost399 28 427 465 47 512 — — 
Interest cost6,083 3,849 9,932 3,079 2,145 5,224 69 37 
Employee contributions— — — 20 — 20 — — 
Effect of plan amendments— (15)(15)303 — 303 — (2)
Curtailment (gain) loss(213)— (213)207 — 207 — — 
Plan settlements— — — (1,726)— (1,726)— — 
Benefits paid(6,086)(6,031)(12,117)(5,343)(5,838)(11,181)(182)(176)
Plan expenses and premiums paid— — — (66)— (66)— — 
Actuarial loss (gain)7,809 2,146 9,955 (77,244)(20,688)(97,932)(150)(263)
Translation differences and other6,233 — 6,233 (17,893)— (17,893)— — 
Gross benefit obligation at end of year $144,779 $79,063 $223,842 $130,554 $79,086 $209,640 $1,343 $1,606 
Pension BenefitsOther Post-
Retirement Benefits
2023202220232022
ForeignU.S.TotalForeignU.S.TotalU.S.U.S.
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year$129,944 $59,591 $189,535 $216,886 $77,680 $294,566 $— $— 
Actual return on plan assets4,474 4,640 9,114 (65,396)(14,871)(80,267)— — 
Employer contributions1,566 2,767 4,333 3,241 2,620 5,861 182 176 
Employee contributions— — — 20 — 20 — — 
Plan settlements— — — (1,726)— (1,726)— — 
Benefits paid(6,086)(6,031)(12,117)(5,343)(5,838)(11,181)(182)(176)
Plan expenses and premiums paid— — — (66)— (66)— — 
Translation differences5,489 — 5,489 (17,672)— (17,672)— — 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year$135,387 $60,967 $196,354 $129,944 $59,591 $189,535 $— $— 
Net benefit obligation recognized$(9,392)$(18,096)$(27,488)$(610)$(19,495)$(20,105)$(1,343)$(1,606)
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet consist of:
Non-current assets$2,834 $— $2,834 $8,639 $— $8,639 $— $— 
Current liabilities(273)(1,757)(2,030)(210)(1,128)(1,338)(178)(222)
Non-current liabilities(11,953)(16,339)(28,292)(9,039)(18,367)(27,406)(1,165)(1,384)
Net benefit obligation recognized$(9,392)$(18,096)$(27,488)$(610)$(19,495)$(20,105)$(1,343)$(1,606)
Amounts not yet reflected in net periodic benefit costs and included in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Prior service (cost) credit(353)— (353)(333)(36)(369)— 16 
Accumulated (loss) gain(19,117)2,248 (16,869)(10,387)2,532 (7,855)1,241 1,218 
AOCI(19,470)2,248 (17,222)(10,720)2,496 (8,224)1,241 1,234 
Cumulative employer contributions in excess of or (below) net periodic benefit cost10,078 (20,344)(10,266)10,110 (21,991)(11,881)(2,584)(2,840)
Net benefit obligation recognized$(9,392)$(18,096)$(27,488)$(610)$(19,495)$(20,105)$(1,343)$(1,606)
Schedule of Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets
Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
20232022
ForeignU.S.TotalForeignU.S.Total
Accumulated benefit obligation75,402 79,063 154,465 5,983 79,086 85,069 
Fair value of plan assets69,419 60,967 130,386 1,842 59,591 61,433 
Schedule of Benefit Obligations in Excess of Fair Value of Plan Assets
Information for pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
20232022
ForeignU.S.TotalForeignU.S.Total
Projected benefit obligation$93,733 $79,063 $172,796 $71,318 $79,086 $150,404 
Fair value of plan assets81,507 60,967 142,474 61,805 59,591 121,396 
Schedule of components of net periodic benefit costs - pension plans
Components of net periodic benefit costs – pension plans:
20232022
ForeignU.S.TotalForeignU.S.Total
Service cost$399 $28 $427 $465 $47 $512 
Interest cost6,083 3,849 9,932 3,079 2,145 5,224 
Expected return on plan assets(5,271)(2,799)(8,070)(4,472)(3,509)(7,981)
Settlement gain— — — (71)— (71)
Curtailment (gain) loss(213)15 (198)207 — 207 
Actuarial loss amortization388 22 410 658 323 981 
Prior service cost amortization28 6 34 3 7 10 
Net periodic benefit cost (income)$1,414 $1,121 $2,535 $(131)$(987)$(1,118)
2021
ForeignU.S.Total
Service cost$698 $547 $1,245 
Interest cost2,594 1,737 4,331 
Expected return on plan assets(4,686)(3,611)(8,297)
Settlement loss35 — 35 
Actuarial loss amortization996 2,252 3,248 
Prior service credit amortization3 7 10 
Net periodic benefit (income) cost$(360)$932 $572 
Components of net periodic benefit costs – other postretirement plan:
202320222021
Service cost$— $— $1 
Interest cost69 37 27 
Actuarial gain amortization(128)(79)(82)
Prior service credit amortization(16)(32)(31)
Net periodic benefit costs$(75)$(74)$(85)
Schedule of other changes recognized in other comprehensive income - pension plans
Other changes recognized in other comprehensive income – pension plans:
20232022
ForeignU.S.TotalForeignU.S.Total
Net (gain) loss arising during the period$8,605 $398 $9,003 $(7,008)$(3,555)$(10,563)
Settlement loss— (23)(23)— (323)(323)
Prior service (cost) credit— (15)(15)303 (7)296 
Actuarial (loss) gain(388)(92)(480)(587)1,247 660 
Curtailment recognition(28)— (28)(3)— (3)
Effect of exchange rates on amounts included in AOCI560 — 560 (1,169)— (1,169)
Total recognized in other comprehensive loss (income)8,749 268 9,017 (8,464)(2,638)(11,102)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive loss (income)$10,163 $1,389 $11,552 $(8,595)$(3,625)$(12,220)
2021
ForeignU.S.Total
Net (gain) loss arising during period$(388)$(448)$(836)
Settlement loss(83)(2,252)(2,335)
Prior service credit— (7)(7)
Actuarial (loss) gain(954)(6,925)(7,879)
Curtailment recognition(3)— (3)
Effect of exchange rates on amounts included in AOCI(1,390)— (1,390)
Total recognized in other comprehensive loss(2,818)(9,632)(12,450)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive loss$(3,178)$(8,700)$(11,878)
Other changes recognized in other comprehensive income – other postretirement benefit plans:
202320222021
Net (gain) loss arising during period$(150)$(263)$(992)
Recognition of amortizations in net periodic benefit cost— (2)(78)
Prior service credit16 32 31 
Actuarial gain amortization127 79 82 
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss(7)(154)(957)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income) loss$(82)$(228)$(1,042)
Schedule of Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:
Pension BenefitsOther Postretirement
Benefits
2023202220232022
U.S. Plans
Discount rate4.94%5.21%4.87%5.14%
Rate of compensation increaseN/AN/AN/AN/A
Foreign Plans
Discount rate4.35%6.29%N/AN/A
Rate of compensation increase3.27%3.93%N/AN/A
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit costs for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Pension BenefitsOther Postretirement
Benefits
202320222021202320222021
U.S. Plans
Discount rate5.21 %2.67 %2.67 %5.15 %2.45 %1.90 %
Expected long-term return on plan assets5.50 %5.75 %5.75 %N/AN/AN/A
Rate of compensation increaseN/AN/A6.00 %N/AN/AN/A
Foreign Plans
Discount rate4.77 %3.97 %1.38 %N/AN/AN/A
Expected long-term return on plan assets4.03 %2.26 %2.06 %N/AN/AN/A
Rate of compensation increase3.38 %3.21 %2.52 %N/AN/AN/A
Schedule of Assumed health care cost trend rates
Assumed health care cost trend rates as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
202320222021
Health care cost trend rate for next year6.87 %5.60 %5.65 %
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)4.00 %4.00 %4.00 %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate204820472046
Schedule of company's pension plan target asset allocation and pension plan investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The Company’s pension plan target asset allocation and the weighted-average asset allocations as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 by asset category were as follows:
Asset CategoryTarget20232022
U.S. Plans
Equity securities30 %23 %32 %
Debt securities70 %70 %60 %
Other— %7 %8 %
Total100 %100 %100 %
Foreign Plans
Equity securities15 %15 %8 %
Debt securities60 %63 %79 %
Other25 %22 %13 %
Total100 %100 %100 %
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the U.S. and foreign plans’ investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023
Total
Fair Value		Using Fair Value Hierarchy
U.S. Pension AssetsLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Pooled separate accounts$56,820 $— $56,820 $— 
Real estate4,147 — — 4,147 
Subtotal U.S. pension plan assets in fair value hierarchy$60,967 $— $56,820 $4,147 
Total U.S. pension plan assets$60,967 
Foreign Pension Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$1,582 $1,582 $— $— 
Insurance contract118,393 — — 118,393 
Diversified equity securities - registered investment companies1,892 — 1,892 — 
Fixed income – foreign registered investment companies9,676 — 9,676 — 
Real estate1,771 — — 1,771 
Subtotal foreign pension assets in fair value hierarchy$133,314 $1,582 $11,568 $120,164 
Commingled funds measured at NAV2,073 
Total foreign pension assets$135,387 
Total pension assets in fair value hierarchy$194,281 $1,582 $68,388 $124,311 
Total pension assets measured at NAV2,073 
Total pension assets$196,354 
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022
Total
Fair Value		Using Fair Value Hierarchy
U.S. Pension AssetsLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Pooled separate accounts$54,596 $— $54,596 $— 
Real estate4,995 — — 4,995 
Subtotal U.S. pension plan assets in fair value hierarchy$59,591 $— $54,596 $4,995 
Total U.S. pension plan assets$59,591 
Foreign Pension Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$4,923 $4,923 $— $— 
Insurance contract59,963 — — 59,963 
Diversified equity securities - registered investment companies5,211 — 5,211 — 
Fixed income – foreign registered investment companies54,098 — 54,098 — 
Real estate3,907 — — 3,907 
Subtotal foreign pension assets in fair value hierarchy$128,102 $4,923 $59,309 $63,870 
Commingled funds measured at NAV1,842 
Total foreign pension assets$129,944 
Total pension assets in fair value hierarchy$187,693 $4,923 $113,905 $68,865 
Total pension assets measured at NAV1,842 
Total pension assets$189,535 
Schedule of changes in the fair value of the plans' Level 3 investments
Changes in the fair value of the plans’ Level 3 investments during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Insurance
Contract		Real EstateAlternative
Investments		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2021$99,527 $11,547 $6,979 $118,053 
Purchases(1,136)(122)(6,979)(8,237)
Unrealized losses(32,305)(1,842)— (34,147)
Currency translation adjustment(6,123)(681)— (6,804)
Balance as of December 31, 202259,963 8,902 — 68,865 
Purchases47,640 (303)— 47,337 
Unrealized gains (losses)7,621 (2,867)— 4,754 
Currency translation adjustment3,169 186 — 3,355 
Balance as of December 31, 2023$118,393 $5,918 $— $124,311 
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments
Excluding any impact related to the PPA noted above, the following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
Pension BenefitsOther Post-
Retirement
Benefits
ForeignU.S.Total
2024$6,235 $7,657 $13,892 $178 
20256,640 6,805 13,445 168 
20267,403 6,793 14,196 160 
20277,127 6,154 13,281 139 
20287,328 6,085 13,413 130 
2029 to 203345,090 28,648 73,738 517