1

EXHIBIT 21

SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES OF THE REGISTRANT

Jurisdiction of 

Percentage of Voting Securities Owned

Name

Incorporation

Directly or Indirectly by Quaker

*

Quaker Chemical, S.A.

Argentina

100%

*

Houghton Argentina S.A.

Argentina

100%

+*

Quaker Australia Holdings Pty. Limited

Australia

100%

*

Quaker Chemical (Australasia) Pty. Ltd.

Australia

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Australia Pty. Ltd. (formerly Houghton

Australia Party Ltd)

Australia

100%

*

Surface Technology Australia

Australia

100%

**

Primex, Ltd.

Barbados

32%

+*

Quaker Chemical Participacoes, Ltda.

Brazil

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Industria e Comercio Ltda.

Brazil

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Operacoes, Ltda.

Brazil

100%

*

Ultraseal Asia Limited

British Virgin Islands

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Canada Limited

Canada

100%

+*

Quaker Chemical Canada Holdings, Inc.

Canada

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Canada Inc. (formerly Lubricor, Inc.)

Canada

100%

*

Houghton Canada Inc.

Canada

100%

+*

Global Houghton Ltd.

Cayman Islands

100%

*

Quaker Chemical (China) Co. Ltd.

China

100%

*

Quaker Shanghai Trading Company Limited

China

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Chemical Investment Management

(Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (Formerly Quaker Chemical

Investment Management (Shanghai) Co Ltd)

China

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Material Science & Technology

(Suzhou) Co Ltd

China

100%

*

Wuhan Quaker Technology Co., Ltd

China

60%

*

Houghton (Shanghai) Specialty Industrial Fluids Co., Ltd

China

100%

*

Ultraseal Chongqing Limited

China

100%

*

Ultraseal Machinery Dongguan Ltd

China

100%

*

Ultraseal Shanghai Limited

China

100%

*

Houghton CZ s.r.o

Czech Republic

100%

+*

Quaker Denmark ApS

Denmark

100%

*

Houghton Denmark AS

Denmark

100%

*

Tel Nordic ApS

Denmark

100%

*

SIFCO Concepts Sarl

France

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Support France EURL (Formerly

Quaker Chemical Services EURL)

France

100%

*

ECL Engineered Custom Lubricants GmbH

Germany

100%

*

Houghton Deutschland GmbH

Germany

100%

*

Grindaix GmbH

Germany

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Support Deutschland

Germany

100%

*

Ultraseal Germany GmbH

Germany

100%

2

EXHIBIT 21

SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES OF THE REGISTRANT,

continued

Jurisdiction of 

Percentage of Voting Securities Owned

Name

Incorporation

Directly or Indirectly by Quaker

*

Internationale Metall Impragnier GmbH

Germany

100%

*

Maldaner GmbH

Germany

100%

*

Sterr & Eder Industrieservice GmbH

Germany

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Limited

Hong Kong

100%

*

Houghton Magyarország Kft 

Hungary

100%

*

Quaker Chemical India Private Limited

India

100%

*

Houghton Hardcastle India Ltd

India

9%

*

DA Stuart India Private Limited

India

100%

*

Ultraseal India Private Ltd

India

30%

*

Quaker Italia S.r.l.

Italy

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Support Italia S.r.l. (formerly: Quaker

Chemical S.r.l.)

Italy

100%

*

Houghton Italia S.p.A.

Italy

100%

*

Houghton Japan Co., Ltd.

Japan

100%

**

Nippon Quaker Chemical, Ltd.

Japan

50%

*

Ultraseal Japan

Japan

100%

*

Houghton Oil (Malaysia) Sdn, Bhd.

Malaysia

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton (Finco) Ltd.

Malta

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Ltd.

Malta

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Holdings Ltd.

Malta

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Investments Limited

Malta

100%

*

Tecniquimia Mexicana S.A. de C.V.

Mexico

100%

*

Unitek Servicios De Asesoria Especializad S.A de C.V.

Mexico

100%

*

Lubricor Mexicana S.A. de C.V.

Mexico

100%

+*

Quaker Chemical Europe B.V.

Netherlands

100%

*

Quaker Houghton B.V. (formerly Quaker Chemical BV)

Netherlands

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Russia B.V. (formerly Quaker

Chemical Russia B.V.; KWR Holdings B.V.)

Netherlands

100%

+*

Quaker China Holdings B.V.

Netherlands

100%

+*

Houghton Europe BV

Netherlands

100%

+*

QH Europe BV

Netherlands

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Sales BV (formerly Quaker Sales

Europe BV)

Netherlands

100%

*

Kelko Quaker Chemical, S.A.

Panama

50%

*

Houghton Polska Sp. Zo.o.

Poland

100%

+*

Quaker Chemical Holdings South Africa (Pty) Limited

Republic of South Africa

100%

*

Quaker Chemical South Africa (Pty.) Limited

Republic of South Africa

100%

*

Houghton Romania S.R.L.

Romania

100%

+*

GHI Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd.

Singapore

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Singapore (formerly Houghton

Singapore)

Singapore

100%

**

Korea Houghton Corporation

South Korea

50%

*

Quaker Chemical, S.A.

Spain

100%

*

Verkol S.A.U.

Spain

100%

3

EXHIBIT 21

SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES OF THE REGISTRANT,

continued

Jurisdiction of 

Percentage of Voting Securities Owned

Name

Incorporation

Directly or Indirectly by Quaker

+*

Quaker Spain Holding, SLU

Spain

100%

*

Houghton Iberica S.A. 

Spain

100%

*

Binol AB

Sweden

100%

*

Houghton Sverige AB

Sweden

100%

*

SIFCO Concepts Sweden

Sweden

100%

*

Houghton Taiwan Co. Limited

Taiwan

100%

*

Quaker (Thailand) Ltd.

Thailand

100%

*

Quaker Houghton Thailand (formerly Thai Houghton

1993 Co., Ltd)

Thailand

100%

*

Houghton Kimya Sanayi AS

Turkey

100%

*

Houghton Ukraine ToV

Ukraine

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

GHGL London Ltd.

United Kingdom

100%

+*

GHG Lubricants Holdings Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

Houghton Holdings Limited

United Kingdom

100%

*

Houghton Limited (formerly Houghton plc)

United Kingdom

100%

+*

Applied Surface Concepts Holdings Ltd. 

United Kingdom

100%

*

Norman Hay Engineering Ltd. 

United Kingdom

100%

*

SIFCO Applied Surface Concepts (UK) Ltd

United Kingdom

100%

*

Surface Technology Holdings Ltd. 

United Kingdom

100%

*

Surface Technology (Leeds) Ltd

United Kingdom

100%

*

Surface Technology Aberdeen Ltd

United Kingdom

100%

*

Surface Technology (East Kilbride) Ltd.

United Kingdom

100%

*

Ultraseal International Group Ltd

United Kingdom

100%

*

MX Systems International Ltd

United Kingdom

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton International LP

United Kingdom

100%

+*

Quaker Houghton Holdings Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

QH Holdings Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

QH Chemical Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

QH International Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

Quaker Specialty Chemicals (UK) Limited

United Kingdom

100%

+*

SB Decking, Inc. (formerly Selby, Battersby & Co.)

United States

100%

*

AC Products, Inc.

United States

100%

*

Epmar Corporation

United States

100%

*

Summit Lubricants, Inc.

United States

100%

*

ECLI Products, LLC

United States

100%

+*

GH Holdings Inc.

United States

100%

+*

Houghton Technical Corp.

United States

100%

*

SIFCO Applied Surface Concepts, LLC

United States

100%

*

Quaker Houghton PA, Inc. (formerly Houghton

International, Inc.)

United States

100%

*

Ultraseal USA Inc.

United States

100%

4

EXHIBIT 21

SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES OF THE REGISTRANT,

continued

Jurisdiction of 

Percentage of Voting Securities Owned

Name

Incorporation

Directly or Indirectly by Quaker

+*

Wallover Enterprises, Inc.

United States

100%

*

Wallover Oil Company Incorporated

United States

100%

*

Wallover Oil Hamilton Inc.

United States

100%

+*

Quaker International Holdings, LLC

United States

100%

+*

MIH Acquisition Company, LLC

United States

100%

*

Coral Chemical Company, LLC

United States

100%

*

Baron Acquisition LLC (d/b/a Baron Industries LLC)

United States

100%

*

Baron of Tennessee LLC

United States

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Corporation (PA)

United States 

100%

*

Quaker Chemical Corporation (DE)

United States 

100%

+*

EFHCO, LLC

United States 

100%

*

Kelko Quaker Chemical, S.A.

Venezuela

50%

+

A non-operating company

*

Included in the consolidated financial statements

**

Accounted for in the consolidated financial statements under the equity method