Business Combination	12 Months Ended
Business Combination	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Business Combination Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 2 – Business Combinations Houghton On August 1, 2019 , the Company completed the Combination, whereby the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Houghton from Gulf Houghton Lubricants, Ltd. and certain other selling shareholders in exchange for a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock in accordance with the Share Purchase Agreement dated April 4, 2017. Houghton is a leading global provider of specialty chemicals and technical services for metalworking and other industrial applications. The Company believes that combining the Legacy Quaker and Houghton products and service offerings allows Quaker Houghton to better serve its customers in its various end markets. The Combination was subject to certain regulatory and shareholder approvals. At a shareholder meeting held during 2017, the Company’s shareholders approved the issuance of new shares of the Company’s common stock at closing of the Combination. Also in 2017, the Company received regulatory approvals for the Combination from China and Australia. The Company received regulatory approvals from the European Commission (“EC”) during the second quarter of 2019 and the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) in July 2019. The approvals from the FTC and the EC required the concurrent divestiture of certain steel and aluminum related product lines of Houghton, which were sold by Houghton on August 1, 2019 for approximately $ 37 million in cash. The final remedy agreed with the EC and the FTC was consistent with the Company’s previous expectation that the total divested product lines would be approximately 3 % of the combined company’s net sales. The following table summarizes the fair value of consideration transferred in the Combination: Cash transferred to Houghton shareholders (a) $ 170,829 Cash paid to extinguish Houghton debt obligations 702,556 Fair value of common stock issued as consideration (b) 789,080 Total fair value of consideration transferred $ 1,662,465 (a) A portion is held in escrow by a third party, subject to indemnification rights that lapse upon the achievement of certain milestones. (b) Amount was determined based on approximately 4.3 million shares, comprising 24.5 % of the common stock of the Company immediately after the closing, and the closing price per share of Quaker Chemical Corporation common stock of $ 182.27 on August 1, 2019. The Company accounted for the Combination under the acquisition method of accounting. This method requires the recording of acquired assets, including separately identifiable intangible assets, at their fair value on the acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the estimated fair value of assets acquired, including indefinite and definite-lived intangible assets, requires management’s judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, customer attrition rates, royalty rates, asset lives and market multiples, among other items. Fair values were determined by management using a variety of methodologies and resources, including external independent valuation experts. The valuation methods included physical appraisals, discounted cash flow analyses, excess earnings, relief from royalty, and other appropriate valuation techniques to determine the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The following table presents the final estimated fair values of Houghton net assets acquired: Measurement August 1, Period August 1, 2019 2019 (1) Adjustments (as adjusted) Cash and cash equivalents $ 75,821 $ — $ 75,821 Accounts receivable 178,922 — 178,922 Inventories 95,193 — 95,193 Prepaid expenses and other assets 10,652 666 11,318 Property, plant and equipment 115,529 (66) 115,463 Right of use lease assets 10,673 — 10,673 Investments in associated companies 66,447 — 66,447 Other non-current assets 4,710 1,553 6,263 Intangible assets 1,028,400 — 1,028,400 Goodwill 494,915 4,625 499,540 Total assets purchased 2,081,262 6,778 2,088,040 Short-term borrowings, not refinanced at closing 9,297 — 9,297 Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other accrued liabilities 150,078 1,127 151,205 Deferred tax liabilities 205,082 4,098 209,180 Long-term lease liabilities 6,607 — 6,607 Other non-current liabilities 47,733 1,553 49,286 Total liabilities assumed 418,797 6,778 425,575 Total consideration paid for Houghton 1,662,465 — 1,662,465 Less: cash acquired 75,821 — 75,821 Less: fair value of common stock issued as consideration 789,080 — 789,080 Net cash paid for Houghton $ 797,564 $ — $ 797,564 (1) As previously disclosed in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K. During 2020, the allocation of the purchase price for the Combination was finalized and the one-year measurement period has ended. Houghton assets acquired and liabilities assumed were assigned to each of the Company’s reportable segments on a specific identification or allocated basis, as applicable. Prior to finalizing the purchase price allocation, certain measurement period adjustments were recorded during 2020 related primarily to increasing the valuation allowances against the deferred tax assets associated with foreign tax credits acquired as part of the Combination as additional information became available and was used to update the Company’s initial estimates of expenses allocated to foreign source income and expected creditable foreign taxes. In addition, measurement period adjustments included the recognition of additional other non-current assets and other non-current liabilities based on additional information obtained regarding certain tax audits and associated rights to indemnification, and certain non-income tax liabilities payable upon closing of the Combination in certain countries. The Company allocated $ 1,028.4 million of the purchase price to intangible assets, including certain measurement period adjustments, comprised of $ 242.0 million of trademarks and tradename, to which management has assigned indefinite lives; $ 677.3 million of customer relationships, to be amortized over 15 to 18 years; and $ 109.1 million of existing product technology, to be amortized over 20 years. In addition, the Company recorded $ 499.5 million of goodwill, including measurement period adjustments, related to expected value not allocated to other acquired assets, none of which will be tax deductible. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Factors contributing to the purchase price that resulted in goodwill included the acquisition of management, business processes and personnel that will allow Quaker Houghton to better serve its customers. The expanded portfolio is expected to generate significant cross-selling opportunities and allow further expansion into certain emerging growth markets. Commencing August 1, 2019, the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income included the results of Houghton. Net sales of Houghton subsequent to closing of the Combination and included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $ 299.8 million. The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information has been prepared as if the Combination had taken place on January 1, 2018. The unaudited pro forma results include certain adjustments to each company’s historical actual results, including: (i) additional depreciation and amort ization expense based on the initial estimates of fair value step up and estimated useful lives of depreciable fixed assets, definite-lived intangible assets and investment in associated companies acquired; (ii) adoption of required accounting guidance and alignment of related accounting policies, (iii) elimination of transactions between Legacy Quaker and Houghton; (iv) elimination of results associated with the divested product lines; (v) adjustment to interest expense, net, to reflect the impact of the financing and capital structure of the combined Company; and (vi) adjustment for certain Combination, integration and other acquisition-related costs to reflect such costs as if they were incurred in the period immediately following the pro-forma closing of the Combination on January 1, 2018. The adjustments described in (vi) include an expense recorded in costs of goods sold (“COGS”) associated with selling inventory acquired in the Combination which was adjusted to fair value as part of purchase accounting, restructuring expense incurred associated with the Company’s global restructuring program initiated post-closing of the Combination and certain other integration costs incurred post-closing included in combination and other acquisition-related expenses. These costs have been presented in the unaudited pro forma table below as these costs on a pro forma basis were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2018. Unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred if the acquisition had occurred on the date indicated, or that may result in the future for various reasons, including the potential impact of revenue and cost synergies on the business. For the years ending Unaudited Pro Forma December 31, (as if the Combination occurred on January 1, 2018) 2019 2018 Net sales $ 1,562,427 $ 1,654,588 Net income attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation 94,537 35,337 Combination, integration and other acquisition-related expenses have been and are expected to continue to be significant. The Company incurred total costs of $ 30.3 million, $ 38.0 million and $ 19.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 related to the Combination, integration and other acquisition-related activities. These costs included certain legal, financial and other advisory and consultant costs related to due diligence, regulatory approvals and closing the Combination, as well as integration planning and post-closing integration activities including internal control readiness and remediation. These costs also include interest costs to maintain the bank commitment (“ticking fees”) for the Combination during each of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, accelerated depreciation charges during the year s ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, a loss on the sale of a held-for-sale asset during the year ended December 31, 2020, and a gain on the sale of a held-for-sale asset during the year ended December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had current liabilities related to the Combination and other acquisition-related activities of $ 7.5 million and $ 6.6 million, respectively, primarily recorded within other accrued liabilities on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Norman Hay In October 2019 , the Company completed its acquisition of the operating divisions of Norman Hay plc (“Norman Hay”), a private U.K. company that provides specialty chemicals, operating equipment, and services to industrial end markets. The acquisition adds new technologies in automotive, original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”), and aerospace, as well as engineering expertise which is expected to strengthen the Company’s existing equipment solutions platform. The acquired Norman Hay assets and liabilities were assigned to the Global Specialty Businesses reportable segment. The original purchase price was 80.0 million GBP, on a cash-free and debt-free basis, subject to routine and customary post-closing adjustments related to working capital and net indebtedness levels. The following table presents the final estimated fair values of Norman Hay net assets acquired: Measurement October 1, Period October 1, 2019 2019 (1) Adjustments (as adjusted) Cash and cash equivalents $ 18,981 $ — $ 18,981 Accounts receivable 15,471 — 15,471 Inventories 8,213 (49) 8,164 Prepaid expenses and other assets 4,203 138 4,341 Property, plant and equipment 14,981 — 14,981 Right of use lease assets 10,608 — 10,608 Intangible assets 51,088 — 51,088 Goodwill 29,384 (82) 29,302 Total assets purchased 152,929 7 152,936 Long-term debt included current portions 485 — 485 Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other accrued liabilities 13,488 (732) 12,756 Deferred tax liabilities 12,746 905 13,651 Long-term lease liabilities 8,594 — 8,594 Total liabilities assumed 35,313 173 35,486 Total consideration paid for Norman Hay 117,616 (166) 117,450 Less: estimated purchase price settlement (2) 3,287 (3,287) — Less: cash acquired 18,981 — 18,981 Net cash paid for Norman Hay $ 95,348 $ 3,121 $ 98,469 (1) As previously disclosed in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K. (2) The Company finalized its post-closing adjustments for the Norman Hay acquisition and paid approximately 2.5 million GBP during the first quarter of 2020 to settle such adjustments. During 2020, the allocation of the purchase price for Norman Hay was finalized and the one-year measurement period has ended. The Company allocated $ 51.1 million of the purchase price to intangible assets, comprised of $ 36.9 million of customer relationships, to be amortized over 13 to 17 years; $ 7.5 million of existing product technology, to be amortized over 20 years; $ 6.3 million of trademarks, to be amortized over 16 to 17 years; and $ 0.4 million of non-compete agreements, to be amortized over 2 to 11 years. In addition, the Company recorded $ 29.3 million of goodwill related to expected value not allocated to other acquired assets, none of which will be tax deductible. Factors contributing to the purchase price that resulted in goodwill included the acquisition of management, business processes and personnel that will allow Quaker Houghton to better serve its customers. The results of operations of Norman Hay are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income as of October 1, 2019. Transaction expenses associated with this acquisition are included in Combination, integration and other acquisition-related expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Certain pro forma and other information is not presented, as the operations of Norman Hay are not considered material to the overall operations of the Company for the periods presented. Coral Chemical Company In December 2020 , the Company completed its acquisition of Coral Chemical Company (“Coral”), a privately held, U.S.-based provider of metal finishing fluid solutions. The acquisition provides technical expertise and product solutions for pre-treatment, metalworking and wastewater treatment applications to the beverage cans and general industrial end markets. The acquired Coral assets and liabilities were assigned to the Americas and Global Specialty Businesses reportable segments. The original purchase price was approximately $ 54.1 million, subject to routine and customary post-closing adjustments related to working capital and net indebtedness levels. The following table presents the preliminary estimated fair values of Coral net assets acquired: December 22, 2020 Cash and cash equivalents $ 958 Accounts receivable 8,473 Inventories 4,527 Prepaid expenses and other assets 181 Property, plant and equipment 10,467 Intangible assets 30,300 Goodwill 2,814 Total assets purchased 57,720 Long-term debt included current portions 183 Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other accrued liabilities 3,482 Total liabilities assumed 3,665 Total consideration paid for Coral 54,055 Less: cash acquired 958 Net cash paid for Coral $ 53,097 The Company allocated $ 30.3 million of the purchase price to intangible assets, comprised of $ 22.0 million of customer relationships, to be amortized over 21 to 24 years; $ 4.7 million of existing product technology, to be amortized over 14 to 15 years; $ 3.6 million of trademarks, to be amortized over 17 years. In addition, the Company recorded $ 2.8 million of goodwill related to expected value not allocated to other acquired assets, none of which will be tax deductible. Factors contributing to the purchase price that resulted in goodwill included the acquisition of management, business processes and personnel that will allow Quaker Houghton to better serve its customers. As of December 31, 2020, the allocation of the purchase price for Coral has not been finalized and the one-year measurement period has not ended. Further adjustments may be necessary as a result of the Company’s on-going assessment of additional information related to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The preliminary purchase price allocations are based upon the valuation of assets and these estimates and assumptions are subject to change as the Company obtains additional information during the measurement period. These assets pending finalization include fixed assets and intangible assets which could also result in adjustments to goodwill. The results of operations of Coral subsequent to the acquisition date are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income as of December 31, 2020. Transaction expenses associated with this acquisition are included in Combination, integration and other acquisition-related expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Certain pro forma and other information is not presented, as the operations of Coral are not considered material to the overall operations of the Company for the periods presented. Other Acquisitions In February 2021, the Company acquired certain assets related to tin-plating solutions in the steel end market for approximately $ 25 million. The results of operations of the acquired assets are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Income, because the date of closing was after December 31, 2020. Transaction expenses associated with this acquisition that were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2020 are included in Combination, integration and other acquisition-related expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. A preliminary purchase price allocation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not been presented as that information is not available as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements. In May 2020, the Company acquired Tel Nordic ApS (“TEL”), a company that specializes in lubricants and engineering primarily in high pressure aluminum die casting for its Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) reportable segment. Consideration paid was in the form of a convertible promissory note in the amount of 20.0 million DKK, or approximately $ 2.9 million, which was subsequently converted into shares of the Company’s common stock. An adjustment to the purchase price of approximately 0.4 million DKK, or less than $ 0.1 million, was made as a result of finalizing a post-closing settlement in the second quarter of 2020. The Company allocated approximately $ 2.4 million of the purchase price to intangible assets to be amortized over 17 years. In addition, the Company recorded approximately $ 0.5 million of goodwill, related to expected value not allocated to other acquired assets, none of which will be tax deductible. The allocation of the purchase price of TEL has not been finalized and the one-year measurement period has not ended. Further adjustments may be necessary as a result of the Company’s on-going assessment of additional information related to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. In March 2020, the Company acquired the remaining 49 % ownership interest in one of its South African affiliates, Quaker Chemical South Africa Limited (“QSA”) for 16.7 million ZAR, or approximately $ 1.0 million, from its joint venture partner PQ Holdings South Africa. QSA is a part of the Company’s EMEA reportable segment. As this acquisition was a change in an existing controlling ownership, the Company recorded $ 0.7 million of excess purchase price over the carrying value of the noncontrolling interest in Capital in excess of par value. In March 2018, the Company purchased certain formulations and product technology for the mining industry for $ 1.0 million. The Company allocated the entire purchase price to intangible assets representing formulations and product technology, to be amortized over 10 years. In accordance with the terms of the applicable purchase agreement, $ 0.5 million of the purchase price was paid at signing, and the remaining $ 0.5 million of the purchase price was paid during the first quarter of 2019.