Income Taxes and Uncertain Tax Positions	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 10 – Income Taxes and Uncertain Income Tax Positions The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were 18.5% and 21.2%, respectively, compared to 22.1% and 32.5%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The Company’s effective tax rates for each of the periods presented include the impact of certain non-deductible costs related to the pending Combination. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 also includes tax adjustments of $1.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively, as a result of changes to certain of the Company’s initial fourth quarter of 2017 estimates associated with the December 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“U.S. Tax Reform”), described below. In addition to these items, the Company’s current year effective tax rate benefited from the decrease in the U.S. statutory tax rate from 35% in the prior year to 21% in the current year as a result of U.S. Tax Reform. The Company’s tax adjustments associated with U.S. Tax Reform during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, included adjustments to decrease its initial estimate of the one-time deemed repatriation of undistributed earnings on previously untaxed accumulated and current earnings and profits of certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries (“Transition Tax”), specifically related to proposed regulations published by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the U.S Treasury and various state taxing authorities, as well as an increase to its initial estimate of the impact from internal revenue code changes associated with the deductibility of certain executive compensation. To date, the Company has not made any other significant changes to its initial assessments made during the fourth quarter of 2017. As previously disclosed in its Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as U.S. Tax Reform on December 22, 2017. U.S. Tax Reform includes multiple changes to the U.S. tax code with varying effects on the Company’s results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The SEC staff issued guidance on accounting for the tax effects of U.S. Tax Reform and provided a one-year measurement period for companies to complete the accounting. Companies are required to reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of U.S. Tax Reform for which the accounting is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of U.S. Tax Reform are incomplete but the company is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in its financial statements. The Company has made reasonable interpretations and assumptions with regard to various uncertainties and ambiguities in the application of certain provisions of U.S. Tax Reform. The Company is continuing to evaluate all of the provisions of U.S. Tax Reform and expects to finalize its assessment during the one-year measurement period provided by the SEC to complete the accounting for U.S. Tax Reform. It is possible that the IRS or the U.S. Department of the Treasury could issue subsequent guidance or take positions on audit that differ from the Company’s interpretations and assumptions. As of September 30, 2018, the Company’s cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was $7.0 million. As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was $6.8 million. The Company continues to recognize interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as a component of taxes on income before equity in net income of associated companies in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company recognized an expense for interest of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million and a credit for penalties of $0.2 million and an expense for penalties of $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. Comparatively, the Company recognized a credit of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for interest, and an expense of $0.1 million and $0.2 million for penalties in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had accrued $0.7 million for cumulative interest and $1.1 million for cumulative penalties in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, compared to $0.6 million for cumulative interest and $1.0 million for cumulative penalties accrued at December 31, 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized a decrease of $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively, in its cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits due to the expiration of the applicable statutes of limitations for certain tax years. The Company estimates that during the year ending December 31, 2018 it will reduce its cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits by approximately $1.0 to $1.1 million due to the expiration of the statute of limitations with regard to certain tax positions. This estimated reduction in the cumulative liability for unrecognized tax benefits does not consider any increase in liability for unrecognized tax benefits with regard to existing tax positions or any increase in cumulative liability for unrecognized tax benefits with regard to new tax positions for the year ending December 31, 2018. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. Federal income tax, as well as the income tax of various state and foreign tax jurisdictions. Tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions include Brazil from 2000; Italy from 2007; the Netherlands and the United Kingdom from 2012; China and Mexico from 2013; India from its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2014 and ending March 31, 2015; Spain from 2014; the United States from 2015, and various domestic state tax jurisdictions from 2008. As previously reported, the Italian tax authorities have assessed additional tax due from the Company’s subsidiary, Quaker Italia S.r.l., relating to the tax years 2007 through 2013. During the second quarter of 2018, the Italian tax authorities assessed additional tax due from Quaker Italia, S.r.l., relating to the tax years 2014 and 2015. The Company plans to meet with the Italian tax authorities by the end of 2018 to discuss these assessments. If these discussions are not successful in materially reducing the assessed tax, then the Company will further evaluate its options including potentially filing for competent authority relief from these assessments under the Mutual Agreement Procedures of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, consistent with the Company’s previous filings for 2008 through 2013. As of September 30, 2018, the Company believes it has adequate reserves for uncertain tax positions with respect to these and all other audits.

Note 10 – Income Taxes and Uncertain Income Tax Positions

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were 18.5% and 21.2%, respectively, compared to 22.1% and 32.5%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The Company’s effective tax rates for each of the periods presented include the impact of certain non-deductible costs related to the pending Combination. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 also includes tax adjustments of $1.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively, as a result of changes to certain of the Company’s initial fourth quarter of 2017 estimates associated with the December 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“U.S. Tax Reform”), described below. In addition to these items, the Company’s current year effective tax rate benefited from the decrease in the U.S. statutory tax rate from 35% in the prior year to 21% in the current year as a result of U.S. Tax Reform.

The Company’s tax adjustments associated with U.S. Tax Reform during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, included adjustments to decrease its initial estimate of the one-time deemed repatriation of undistributed earnings on previously untaxed accumulated and current earnings and profits of certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries (“Transition Tax”), specifically related to proposed regulations published by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the U.S Treasury and various state taxing authorities, as well as an increase to its initial estimate of the impact from internal revenue code changes associated with the deductibility of certain executive compensation. To date, the Company has not made any other significant changes to its initial assessments made during the fourth quarter of 2017.

As previously disclosed in its Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as U.S. Tax Reform on December 22, 2017. U.S. Tax Reform includes multiple changes to the U.S. tax code with varying effects on the Company’s results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The SEC staff issued guidance on accounting for the tax effects of U.S. Tax Reform and provided a one-year measurement period for companies to complete the accounting. Companies are required to reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of U.S. Tax Reform for which the accounting is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of U.S. Tax Reform are incomplete but the company is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in its financial statements. The Company has made reasonable interpretations and assumptions with regard to various uncertainties and ambiguities in the application of certain provisions of U.S. Tax Reform. The Company is continuing to evaluate all of the provisions of U.S. Tax Reform and expects to finalize its assessment during the one-year measurement period provided by the SEC to complete the accounting for U.S. Tax Reform. It is possible that the IRS or the U.S. Department of the Treasury could issue subsequent guidance or take positions on audit that differ from the Company’s interpretations and assumptions.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company’s cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was $7.0 million. As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was $6.8 million.

The Company continues to recognize interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as a component of taxes on income before equity in net income of associated companies in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company recognized an expense for interest of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million and a credit for penalties of $0.2 million and an expense for penalties of $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. Comparatively, the Company recognized a credit of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for interest, and an expense of $0.1 million and $0.2 million for penalties in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had accrued $0.7 million for cumulative interest and $1.1 million for cumulative penalties in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, compared to $0.6 million for cumulative interest and $1.0 million for cumulative penalties accrued at December 31, 2017.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized a decrease of $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively, in its cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits due to the expiration of the applicable statutes of limitations for certain tax years.

The Company estimates that during the year ending December 31, 2018 it will reduce its cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits by approximately $1.0 to $1.1 million due to the expiration of the statute of limitations with regard to certain tax positions. This estimated reduction in the cumulative liability for unrecognized tax benefits does not consider any increase in liability for unrecognized tax benefits with regard to existing tax positions or any increase in cumulative liability for unrecognized tax benefits with regard to new tax positions for the year ending December 31, 2018.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. Federal income tax, as well as the income tax of various state and foreign tax jurisdictions. Tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions include Brazil from 2000; Italy from 2007; the Netherlands and the United Kingdom from 2012; China and Mexico from 2013; India from its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2014 and ending March 31, 2015; Spain from 2014; the United States from 2015, and various domestic state tax jurisdictions from 2008.

As previously reported, the Italian tax authorities have assessed additional tax due from the Company’s subsidiary, Quaker Italia S.r.l., relating to the tax years 2007 through 2013. During the second quarter of 2018, the Italian tax authorities assessed additional tax due from Quaker Italia, S.r.l., relating to the tax years 2014 and 2015. The Company plans to meet with the Italian tax authorities by the end of 2018 to discuss these assessments. If these discussions are not successful in materially reducing the assessed tax, then the Company will further evaluate its options including potentially filing for competent authority relief from these assessments under the Mutual Agreement Procedures of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, consistent with the Company’s previous filings for 2008 through 2013. As of September 30, 2018, the Company believes it has adequate reserves for uncertain tax positions with respect to these and all other audits.