| UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION | ||
| Washington, D.C. 20549 | ||
FORM N-CSR | ||
| CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES | ||
| Investment Company Act file number: | (811–02608) |
| Exact name of registrant as specified in charter: | Putnam Money Market Fund |
| Address of principal executive offices: | 100 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 |
| Name and address of agent for service: | Robert T. Burns, Vice President 100 Federal Street Boston, Massachusetts 02110 |
| Copy to: | Bryan Chegwidden, Esq. Ropes & Gray LLP 1211 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10036 |
| Registrant's telephone number, including area code: | (617) 292–1000 |
| Date of fiscal year end: | September 30, 2019 |
| Date of reporting period: | October 1, 2018 — September 30, 2019 |
Item 1. Report to Stockholders: |
| The following is a copy of the report transmitted to stockholders pursuant to Rule 30e-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940: | |||
Putnam
Money Market
Fund
Annual report
9 | 30 | 19
IMPORTANT NOTICE: Delivery of paper fund reports
In accordance with regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, beginning on January 1, 2021, reports like this one will no longer be sent by mail unless you specifically request it. Instead, they will be on Putnam’s website, and you will be notified by mail whenever a new one is available, and provided with a website link to access the report.
If you wish to stop receiving paper reports sooner, or if you wish to continue to receive paper reports free of charge after January 1, 2021, please see the back cover or insert for instructions. If you invest through a bank or broker, your choice will apply to all funds held in your account. If you invest directly with Putnam, your choice will apply to all Putnam funds in your account.
If you already receive these reports electronically, no action is required.
Message from the Trustees
November 5, 2019
Dear Fellow Shareholder:
We believe your mutual fund investment offers a number of advantages, such as investment diversification and daily liquidity. Putnam funds also include a commitment to active investing. Putnam’s portfolio managers and analysts take a research-intensive approach that incorporates risk management strategies designed to serve you through changing conditions.
To support your overall investment program, we believe that the counsel of a financial advisor is prudent. For over 80 years, Putnam has recognized the importance of professional investment advice. Your financial advisor can help in many ways, including defining and planning for goals, determining your appropriate level of risk, and reviewing your investments on a regular basis.
As always, your fund’s Board of Trustees remains committed to protecting the interests of Putnam shareholders like you. We thank you for investing with Putnam.
Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. Share price, principal value, and return will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares.
Performance of class A shares assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes. Class A shares do not bear an initial sales charge. For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns and yields would have been lower. Yield reflects current performance more closely than total return. See below and pages 7–8 for additional performance information. To obtain the most recent month-end performance, visit putnam.com.
This comparison shows your fund’s performance in the context of broad market indexes for the 12 months ended 9/30/19. See above and pages 7–8 for additional fund performance information. Index descriptions can be found on pages 11–12.
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Please describe the money market environment during the 12-month reporting period ended September 30, 2019.
JOANNE When the reporting period began on October 1, 2018, U.S. and global growth were on more positive footing than was the case at period-end. During the early months, the Federal Reserve pursued a measured approach in its monetary policy. That sentiment led to the only interest-rate increase during the reporting period in December 2018. The Fed remained committed to its balance sheet reduction program, which is a mild form of tightening. The program allows billions of U.S. Treasuries and mortgage-backed securities purchased during the 2007–2009 financial crisis and recession to mature.
In January 2019, the Fed assumed a more dovish tone due to the U.S.–China trade conflict, heightened geopolitical tensions, and below-target inflation. The Fed held its benchmark rate steady at that meeting but signaled that it had shifted from raising rates to pausing for an extended period. At its March meeting, the Fed acknowledged that U.S. economic growth had slowed and then surprised investors by reducing its projected rate hikes in 2019 to zero.
| Money Market Fund 3 |
Allocations are shown as a percentage of the fund’s net assets as of 9/30/19. Cash and net other assets, if any, represent the market value weights of cash and other unclassified assets in the portfolio. Summary information may differ from the portfolio schedule included in the financial statements due to the inclusion of any interest accruals, the exclusion of as-of trades, if any, the use of different classifications of securities for presentation purposes, and rounding. Holdings and allocations may vary over time.
The cash and net other assets category may show a negative market value percentage as a result of the timing of trade-date versus settlement-date transactions.
This chart shows how the fund’s top weightings have changed over the past six months. Allocations are shown as a percentage of the fund’s net assets. Current period summary information may differ from the portfolio schedule included in the financial statements due to the inclusion of any interest accruals, the exclusion of as-of trades, if any, the use of different classifications of securities for presentation purposes, and rounding. Holdings and allocations may vary over time.
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The Fed also announced it would conclude its balance sheet runoff in September 2019 rather than December 2019. It also would begin to taper the amount that it allows to roll off each month in May 2019.
In late July, the Fed cut interest rates for the first time in a decade by a quarter of a percentage point. Fed Chair Jerome Powell stated that it was a “recalibration” rather than the beginning of an easing cycle. The Fed then announced the end of its quantitative tightening program two months early on August 1. Risk assets sold off due to the escalation of the tariff war between the United States and China. The protracted dispute raised concerns that the U.S. economy might fall into a recession, further weakening the global economy. Uncertainty about how the United Kingdom would structure its departure from the European Union and political risk in Hong Kong and Italy further undermined investor confidence. In September, confidence returned to the markets given the Fed’s decision to reduce interest rates again on September 18. Fed policymakers cited weaker business investment and exports.
With interest rates trending lower in response to the Fed’s rate cuts, short-term yields fell. The three-month London Interbank Offered Rate [LIBOR] rose from 2.39% at the end of the prior fiscal year to as high as 2.82% in December 2018. It ended the period at 2.09%. The Fed’s Secured Overnight Financing Rate [SOFR] followed a similar pattern, ending the period at 2.35%. However, SOFR experienced more day-to-day volatility than LIBOR due to fluctuations in overnight Treasury repurchase agreements [repos], which underpin that index.
How did the fund perform during the reporting period?
JONATHAN The fund’s class A shares returned 2.05% at net asset value for the 12 months ended September 30, 2019, outperforming the average return of its Lipper peer group, Money Market Funds.
How did you manage the fund in this market environment?
JONATHAN The fund continues to be primarily invested in commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and repos collateralized by U.S. Treasury and/or agency mortgage securi-ties. The majority of the fund’s investments in commercial paper and certificates of deposit are focused on the financial and banking sectors.
With Fed monetary policy shifting away from rate tightening, we continued to view floating-rate money market securities favorably. However, we began to focus on notes with quarterly resets, as we believed these interest-rate resets would remain attractive for the foreseeable future.
Against this backdrop, the fund’s weighted average maturity [WAM] decreased during the course of the reporting period from 24 days on September 30, 2018, to 21 days at period-end. [WAM represents the average life of all the money market securities held in the portfolio.] However, the weighted average life [WAL] of the portfolio rose from 68 days on September 30, 2018, to 78 days at period-end. [WAL represents the average length of time for all the money market securities held in the portfolio to pay off principal at maturity.]
Please describe the general health of issuers across the money market universe.
MIKE Overall credit fundamentals remain resilient, but decelerating economic growth could be a headwind going forward, in our view. However, we believe the companies that we invest in are well positioned to operate in a more challenging environment.
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Expectations for continued low rates may also limit improvement in profitability measures within the financials sector, in our view. Nevertheless, we expect banks to maintain prudent balance sheet policies that remain supportive for creditors. Current asset quality has been strong. We also believe internal risk systems have improved as healthy liquidity and high capital levels have positioned the banks well to face more challenging environments, in our view.
Political and event risk have been an important driver of investor sentiment, which can influence macroeconomic conditions. Therefore, we continue to favor issuers with the strongest credit profiles and those that operate primarily in more stable geographies.
What are your thoughts about Fed rate policy in the coming months?
JOANNE The current U.S. economic expansion is the longest on record. However, the U.S.–China trade dispute remains a significant headwind, with the tariffs undermining business confidence, manufacturing activity, and demand for exports. On the other hand, consumer spending continues to be strong, and September’s unemployment rate of 3.5% sits near a historical low.
Amid these crosscurrents, Fed policymakers appeared split at period-end on whether to hold or continue gradually cutting interest rates. We believe the Fed will ease further. We expect another 50 basis points, or a half a percentage point, of rate cuts between now and June 2020. This would result in a total decrease of 100 basis points, or a full percentage point between July 2019 and June 2020.
In this environment, we will continue to maintain a conservative, high-quality portfolio, as we endeavor to capture the highest possible yields consistent with the fund’s strategy.
Thank you all for your time and insights today.
The views expressed in this report are exclusively those of Putnam Management and are subject to change. They are not meant as investment advice.
Please note that the holdings discussed in this report may not have been held by the fund for the entire period. Portfolio composition is subject to review in accordance with the fund’s investment strategy and may vary in the future. Current and future portfolio holdings are subject to risk. Statements in the Q&A concerning the fund’s performance or portfolio composition relative to those of the fund’s Lipper peer group may reference information produced by Lipper Inc. or through a third party.
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Your fund’s performance
This section shows your fund’s performance and distribution information for periods ended September 30, 2019, the end of its most recent fiscal year. In accordance with regulatory requirements for mutual funds, we also include expense information taken from the fund’s current prospectus. Performance should always be considered in light of a fund’s investment strategy. Data represent past performance. Past performance does not guarantee future results. More recent returns may be less or more than those shown. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. Performance information does not reflect any deduction for taxes a shareholder may owe on fund distributions or on the redemption of fund shares. For the most recent month-end performance, please visit the Individual Investors section at putnam.com or call Putnam at 1-800-225-1581. Class R shares are not available to all investors. On November 25, 2019, all outstanding class M shares were converted to class A shares, and class M shares are no longer available for purchase. See the Terms and definitions section in this report for definitions of the share classes offered by your fund.
| Current | |||||||||
| rate | |||||||||
| (end of | |||||||||
| Fund performance For periods ended 9/30/19 | period)* | ||||||||
| Annual | |||||||||
| average | Current | ||||||||
| (life of | Annual | Annual | Annual | 7-day | |||||
| fund) | 10 years | average | 5 years | average | 3 years | average | 1 year | yield | |
| Class A (10/1/76) | |||||||||
| Net asset value | 4.64% | 3.98% | 0.39% | 3.88% | 0.76% | 3.86% | 1.27% | 2.05% | 1.69% |
| Class B (4/27/92) | |||||||||
| Before CDSC | 4.54 | 3.86 | 0.38 | 3.75 | 0.74 | 3.73 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 1.69 |
| After CDSC | 4.54 | 3.86 | 0.38 | 1.75 | 0.35 | 0.73 | 0.24 | –2.95 | — |
| Class C (2/1/99) | |||||||||
| Before CDSC | 4.52 | 3.86 | 0.38 | 3.75 | 0.74 | 3.73 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 1.69 |
| After CDSC | 4.52 | 3.86 | 0.38 | 3.75 | 0.74 | 3.73 | 1.23 | 1.05 | — |
| Class M (12/8/94) | |||||||||
| Net asset value | 4.52 | 3.92 | 0.39 | 3.82 | 0.75 | 3.79 | 1.25 | 2.05 | 1.69 |
| Class R (1/21/03) | |||||||||
| Net asset value | 4.24 | 3.85 | 0.38 | 3.75 | 0.74 | 3.73 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 1.69 |
Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. None of the share classes carry an initial sales charge. Class B share returns reflect the applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC), which is 5% in the first year, declining over time to 1% in the sixth year, and is eliminated thereafter. Class C share returns reflect a 1% CDSC for the first year that is eliminated thereafter. Class A, M, and R shares generally have no CDSC. Performance for class B, C, M, and R shares before their inception is derived from the historical performance of class A shares, adjusted for the applicable sales charge (or CDSC) and the higher operating expenses for such shares.
* The 7-day yield is the most common gauge for measuring money market mutual fund performance. Yield reflects current performance more closely than total return.
For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns and yields would have been lower.
Class B share performance reflects conversion to class A shares after eight years.
Class C share performance reflects conversion to class A shares after 10 years.
| Money Market Fund 7 |
| Comparative Lipper returns For periods ended 9/30/19 | ||||||||
| Annual | ||||||||
| average | Annual | Annual | Annual | |||||
| (life of fund) | 10 years | average | 5 years | average | 3 years | average | 1 year | |
| Lipper Money Market Funds | ||||||||
| category average* | 4.84% | 4.07% | 0.40% | 3.86% | 0.76% | 3.77% | 1.24% | 1.96% |
Lipper results should be compared to fund performance at net asset value.
* Over the 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, 10-year, and life-of-fund periods ended 9/30/19, there were 100, 100, 69, 67, and 4 funds, respectively, in this Lipper category.
| Fund distribution information For the 12-month period ended 9/30/19 | |||||
| Distributions | Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class R |
| Number | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Income | $0.020327 | $0.020326 | $0.020330 | $0.020326 | $0.020327 |
| Capital gains | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total | $0.020327 | $0.020326 | $0.020330 | $0.020326 | $0.020327 |
The classification of distributions, if any, is an estimate. Final distribution information will appear on your year-end tax forms.
As a mutual fund investor, you pay ongoing expenses, such as management fees, distribution fees (12b-1 fees), and other expenses. Using the following information, you can estimate how these expenses affect your investment and compare them with the expenses of other funds. You may also pay one-time transaction expenses, including sales charges (loads) and redemption fees, which are not shown in this section and would have resulted in higher total expenses. Effective November 25, 2019, all outstanding class M shares were converted to class A shares, and class M shares are no longer available for purchase. For more information, see your fund’s prospectus or talk to your financial representative.
| Expense ratios | |||||
| Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class R | |
| Total annual operating expenses for the fiscal | |||||
| year ended 9/30/18 | 0.50% | 0.50% | 0.50% | 0.50% | 0.50% |
| Annualized expense ratio for the six-month | |||||
| period ended 9/30/19 * | 0.49% | 0.49% | 0.49% | 0.49% | 0.49% |
Fiscal-year expense information in this table is taken from the most recent prospectus, is subject to change, and may differ from that shown for the annualized expense ratio and in the financial highlights of this report.
Expenses are shown as a percentage of average net assets.
* Expense ratios for each class are for the fund’s most recent fiscal half year. As a result of this, ratios may differ from expense ratios based on one-year data in the financial highlights.
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Expenses per $1,000
The following table shows the expenses you would have paid on a $1,000 investment in each class of the fund from 4/1/19 to 9/30/19. It also shows how much a $1,000 investment would be worth at the close of the period, assuming actual returns and expenses.
| Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class R | |
| Expenses paid per $1,000 *† | $2.47 | $2.47 | $2.47 | $2.47 | $2.47 |
| Ending value (after expenses) | $1,010.10 | $1,010.10 | $1,010.10 | $1,010.10 | $1,010.10 |
* Expenses for each share class are calculated using the fund’s annualized expense ratio for each class, which represents the ongoing expenses as a percentage of average net assets for the six months ended 9/30/19. The expense ratio may differ for each share class.
† Expenses are calculated by multiplying the expense ratio by the average account value for the period; then multiplying the result by the number of days in the period; and then dividing that result by the number of days in the year.
Estimate the expenses you paid
To estimate the ongoing expenses you paid for the six months ended 9/30/19, use the following calculation method. To find the value of your investment on 4/1/19, call Putnam at 1-800-225-1581.
Compare expenses using the SEC’s method
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has established guidelines to help investors assess fund expenses. Per these guidelines, the following table shows your fund’s expenses based on a $1,000 investment, assuming a hypothetical 5% annualized return. You can use this information to compare the ongoing expenses (but not transaction expenses or total costs) of investing in the fund with those of other funds. All mutual fund shareholder reports will provide this information to help you make this comparison. Please note that you cannot use this information to estimate your actual ending account balance and expenses paid during the period.
| Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class R | |
| Expenses paid per $1,000 *† | $2.48 | $2.48 | $2.48 | $2.48 | $2.48 |
| Ending value (after expenses) | $1,022.61 | $1,022.61 | $1,022.61 | $1,022.61 | $1,022.61 |
* Expenses for each share class are calculated using the fund’s annualized expense ratio for each class, which represents the ongoing expenses as a percentage of average net assets for the six months ended 9/30/19. The expense ratio may differ for each share class.
† Expenses are calculated by multiplying the expense ratio by the average account value for the six-month period; then multiplying the result by the number of days in the six-month period; and then dividing that result by the number of days in the year.
| Money Market Fund 9 |
Consider these risks before investing
The value of investments in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including general economic, political, or financial market conditions; investor sentiment and market perceptions; government actions; geopolitical events or changes; and factors related to a specific issuer, geography, industry, or sector. These and other factors may lead to increased volatility and reduced liquidity in the fund’s portfolio holdings. You can lose money by investing in the fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, there is no guarantee it will do so. The fund may impose a fee upon the sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the fund’s liquidity falls below certain required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.
The values of money market investments usually rise and fall in response to changes in interest rates. Interest-rate risk is generally lowest for investments with short maturities (a significant part of the fund’s investments). Although the fund only buys high-quality investments, investments backed by a letter of credit have the risk that the provider of the letter of credit will not be able to fulfill its obligations to the issuer. The effects of inflation may erode the value of your investment over time.
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Terms and definitions
Important terms
Total return shows how the value of the fund’s shares changed over time, assuming you held the shares through the entire period and reinvested all distributions in the fund.
Net asset value (NAV) is the price, or value, of one share of a mutual fund, without a sales charge. Net asset values fluctuate with market conditions, and are calculated by dividing the net assets of each class of shares by the number of outstanding shares in the class.
Contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is generally a charge applied at the time of the redemption of class B or C shares and assumes redemption at the end of the period. Your fund’s class B CDSC declines over time from a 5% maximum during the first year to 1% during the sixth year. After the sixth year, the CDSC no longer applies. The CDSC for class C shares is 1% for one year after purchase.
Current rate is the annual rate of return earned from dividends or interest of an investment. Current rate is expressed as a percentage of the price of a security, fund share, or principal investment.
Share classes
Class A shares generally are fund shares purchased with an initial sales charge. In the case of your fund, which has no sales charge, the reference is to shares purchased or acquired through the exchange of class A shares from another Putnam fund. Exchange of your fund’s class A shares into another fund may involve a sales charge, however.
Class B shares are closed to new investments and are only available by exchange from another Putnam fund or through dividend and/ or capital gains reinvestment. They are not subject to an initial sales charge and may be subject to a CDSC.
Class C shares are not subject to an initial sales charge and are subject to a CDSC only if the shares are redeemed during the first year.
Class M shares generally are fund shares that have a lower initial sales charge than class A shares and no CDSC. In the case of your fund, which has no sales charge, the reference is to shares purchased or acquired through the exchange of class M shares from another Putnam fund. On November 25, 2019, all outstanding class M shares were converted to class A shares, and class M shares are no longer available for purchase.
Class R shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC and are only available to employer-sponsored retirement plans.
Comparative rates
London Interbank Offered Rate [LIBOR] is set by the British Bankers Association (BBA). It is based on offered interbank deposit rates contributed in accordance with the instructions to BBA LIBOR contributor banks.
Secured Overnight Financing Rate [SOFR] is a broad overnight secured market rate that reflects the rates of U.S. Treasury repurchase agreements [repos]. SOFR is not a credit-sensitive rate and is highly correlated to supply and demand dynamics in the repo market.
Comparative indexes
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index is an unmanaged index of U.S. investment-grade fixed-income securities.
ICE BofAML (Intercontinental Exchange Bank of America Merrill Lynch) U.S. 3-Month Treasury Bill Index is an unmanaged index that seeks to measure the performance of U.S. Treasury bills available in the marketplace.
Lipper Money Market Funds category average is an arithmetic average of the total return of all money market mutual funds tracked by Lipper.
S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index of common stock performance.
Indexes assume reinvestment of all distributions and do not account for fees. Securities and performance of a
| Money Market Fund 11 |
fund and an index will differ. You cannot invest directly in an index.
ICE Data Indices, LLC (“ICE BofAML”), used with permission. ICE BofAML permits use of the ICE BofAML indices and related data on an “as is” basis; makes no warranties regarding same; does not guarantee the suitability, quality, accuracy, timeliness, and/or completeness of the ICE BofAML indices or any data included in, related to, or derived therefrom; assumes no liability in connection with the use of the foregoing; and does not sponsor, endorse, or recommend Putnam Investments, or any of its products or services.
Lipper is a third-party industry-ranking entity that ranks mutual funds. Its rankings do not reflect sales charges. Lipper rankings are based on total return at net asset value relative to other funds that have similar current investment styles or objectives as determined by Lipper. Lipper may change a fund’s category assignment at its discretion. Lipper category averages reflect performance trends for funds within a category.
Other information for shareholders
Proxy voting
Putnam is committed to managing our mutual funds in the best interests of our shareholders. The Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures, as well as information regarding how your fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30, 2019, are available in the Individual Investors section of putnam.com and on the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) website, www.sec.gov. If you have questions about finding forms on the SEC’s website, you may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain the Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures at no charge by calling Putnam’s Shareholder Services at 1-800-225-1581.
Fund portfolio holdings
The fund will file a complete schedule of its portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-PORT within 60 days of the end of such fiscal quarter. Shareholders may obtain the fund’s Form N-PORT on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Prior to its use of Form N-PORT, the fund filed its complete schedule of its portfolio holdings with the SEC on Form N-Q, which is available online at www.sec.gov.
Trustee and employee fund ownership
Putnam employees and members of the Board of Trustees place their faith, confidence, and, most importantly, investment dollars in Putnam mutual funds. As of September 30, 2019, Putnam employees had approximately $473,000,000 and the Trustees had approximately $73,000,000 invested in Putnam mutual funds. These amounts include investments by the Trustees’ and employees’ immediate family members as well as investments through retirement and deferred compensation plans.
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Important notice regarding Putnam’s privacy policy
In order to conduct business with our shareholders, we must obtain certain personal information such as account holders’ names, addresses, Social Security numbers, and dates of birth. Using this information, we are able to maintain accurate records of accounts and transactions.
It is our policy to protect the confidentiality of our shareholder information, whether or not a shareholder currently owns shares of our funds. In particular, it is our policy not to sell information about you or your accounts to outside marketing firms. We have safeguards in place designed to prevent unauthorized access to our computer systems and procedures to protect personal information from unauthorized use.
Under certain circumstances, we must share account information with outside vendors who provide services to us, such as mailings and proxy solicitations. In these cases, the service providers enter into confidentiality agreements with us, and we provide only the information necessary to process transactions and perform other services related to your account. Finally, it is our policy to share account information with your financial representative, if you’ve listed one on your Putnam account.
| Money Market Fund 13 |
Trustee approval of management contract
General conclusions
The Board of Trustees of The Putnam Funds oversees the management of each fund and, as required by law, determines annually whether to approve the continuance of your fund’s management contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”) and the sub-management contract with respect to your fund between Putnam Management and its affiliate, Putnam Investments Limited (“PIL”). The Board, with the assistance of its Contract Committee, requests and evaluates all information it deems reasonably necessary under the circumstances in connection with its annual contract review. The Contract Committee consists solely of Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as this term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”)) of The Putnam Funds (“Independent Trustees”).
At the outset of the review process, members of the Board’s independent staff and independent legal counsel discussed with representatives of Putnam Management the annual contract review materials furnished to the Contract Committee during the course of the previous year’s review, identifying possible changes in these materials that might be necessary or desirable for the coming year. Following these discussions and in consultation with the Contract Committee, the Independent Trustees’ independent legal counsel requested that Putnam Management and its affiliates furnish specified information, together with any additional information that Putnam Management considered relevant, to the Contract Committee. Over the course of several months ending in June 2019, the Contract Committee met on a number of occasions with representatives of Putnam Management, and separately in executive session, to consider the information that Putnam Management provided. Throughout this process, the Contract Committee was assisted by the members of the Board’s independent staff and by independent legal counsel for The Putnam Funds and the Independent Trustees.
In May 2019, the Contract Committee met in executive session to discuss and consider its recommendations with respect to the continuance of the contracts. At the Trustees’ June 2019 meeting, the Contract Committee met in executive session with the other Independent Trustees to review a summary of the key financial, performance and other data that the Contract Committee considered in the course of its review. The Contract Committee then presented its written report, which summarized the key factors that the Committee had considered and set forth its recommendations. The Contract Committee recommended, and the Independent Trustees approved, the continuance of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts, effective July 1, 2019. (Because PIL is an affiliate of Putnam Management and Putnam Management remains fully responsible for all services provided by PIL, the Trustees have not attempted to evaluate PIL as a separate entity, and all subsequent references to Putnam Management below should be deemed to include reference to PIL as necessary or appropriate in the context.)
The Independent Trustees’ approval was based on the following conclusions:
• That the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented reasonable compensation in light of the nature and quality of the services being provided to the fund, the fees paid by competitive funds, the costs incurred by Putnam Management in providing services to the fund, and the application of certain reductions and waivers noted below; and
• That the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented an appropriate sharing between fund shareholders and Putnam Management of such economies of scale as may exist in the management of the fund at current asset levels.
These conclusions were based on a comprehensive consideration of all information provided to the Trustees and were not the result of any single factor. Some of the factors that figured particularly in the Trustees’ deliberations and how the Trustees considered these factors are described below, although individual Trustees may have evaluated the information presented differently, giving different weights to various factors. It is also important to recognize that the management arrangements for your fund and the other Putnam funds are the result of many years of review and discussion between the Independent Trustees and Putnam Management, that some aspects of the arrangements may receive greater scrutiny in some years than others, and that the Trustees’ conclusions may be based, in part, on their consideration of fee arrangements in previous
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years. For example, with some minor exceptions, the funds’ current fee arrangements under the management contracts were first implemented at the beginning of 2010 following extensive review by the Contract Committee and discussions with representatives of Putnam Management, as well as approval by shareholders.
Management fee schedules and total expenses
The Trustees reviewed the management fee schedules in effect for all Putnam funds, including fee levels and breakpoints. The Trustees also reviewed the total expenses of each Putnam fund, recognizing that in most cases management fees represented the major, but not the sole, determinant of total costs to fund shareholders. (Two funds have implemented so-called “all-in” management fees covering substantially all routine fund operating costs.) In reviewing fees and expenses, the Trustees generally focus their attention on material changes in circumstances — for example, changes in assets under management, changes in a fund’s investment strategy, changes in Putnam Management’s operating costs or profitability, or changes in competitive practices in the mutual fund industry — that suggest that consideration of fee changes might be warranted. The Trustees concluded that the circumstances did not indicate that changes to the management fee structure for your fund would be appropriate at this time.
Under its management contract, your fund has the benefit of breakpoints in its management fee schedule that provide shareholders with economies of scale in the form of reduced fee rates as assets under management in the Putnam family of funds increase. The Trustees concluded that the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented an appropriate sharing of economies of scale between fund shareholders and Putnam Management.
As in the past, the Trustees also focused on the competitiveness of each fund’s total expense ratio. In order to support the effort to have fund expenses meet competitive standards, the Trustees and Putnam Management and the funds’ investor servicing agent, Putnam Investor Services, Inc. (“PSERV”), have implemented expense limitations that were in effect during your fund’s fiscal year ending in 2018. These expense limitations were: (i) a contractual expense limitation applicable to all open-end funds of 25 basis points on investor servicing fees and expenses and (ii) a contractual expense limitation applicable to specified open-end funds, including your fund, of 20 basis points on so-called “other expenses” (i.e., all expenses exclusive of management fees, distribution fees, investor servicing fees, investment-related expenses, interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses). These expense limitations attempt to maintain competitive expense levels for the funds. Most funds, including your fund, had sufficiently low expenses that these expense limitations were not operative during their fiscal years ending in 2018. Putnam Management and PSERV have agreed to maintain these expense limitations until at least January 30, 2021. The support of Putnam Management and PSERV for these expense limitation arrangements was an important factor in the Trustees’ decision to approve the continuance of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts.
The Trustees reviewed comparative fee and expense information for a custom group of competitive funds selected by Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”). This comparative information included your fund’s percentile ranking for effective management fees and total expenses (excluding any applicable 12b-1 fees), which provides a general indication of your fund’s relative standing. In the custom peer group, your fund ranked in the second quintile in effective management fees (determined for your fund and the other funds in the custom peer group based on fund asset size and the applicable contractual management fee schedule) and in the third quintile in total expenses (excluding any applicable 12b-1 fees) as of December 31, 2018. The first quintile represents the least expensive funds and the fifth quintile the most expensive funds. The fee and expense data reported by Broadridge as of December 31, 2018 reflected the most recent fiscal year-end data available in Broadridge’s database at that time.
In connection with their review of fund management fees and total expenses, the Trustees also reviewed the costs of the services provided and the profits realized by Putnam Management and its affiliates from their contractual relationships with the funds. This information included trends in revenues, expenses and profitability of Putnam Management and its affiliates relating to the investment management, investor servicing and distribution services provided to the funds. In this regard, the Trustees also reviewed an analysis of
| Money Market Fund 15 |
Putnam Management’s revenues, expenses and profitability, allocated on a fund-by-fund basis, with respect to the funds’ management, distribution, and investor servicing contracts. For each fund, the analysis presented information about revenues, expenses and profitability for each of the agreements separately and for the agreements taken together on a combined basis. The Trustees concluded that, at current asset levels, the fee schedules in place represented reasonable compensation for the services being provided and represented an appropriate sharing between fund shareholders and Putnam Management of such economies of scale as may exist in the management of the Putnam funds at that time.
The information examined by the Trustees in connection with their annual contract review for the Putnam funds included information regarding fees charged by Putnam Management and its affiliates to institutional clients, including defined benefit pension and profit-sharing plans and sub-advised mutual funds. This information included, in cases where an institutional product’s investment strategy corresponds with a fund’s strategy, comparisons of those fees with fees charged to the Putnam funds, as well as an assessment of the differences in the services provided to these different types of clients as compared to the services provided to the Putnam funds. The Trustees observed that the differences in fee rates between these clients and the Putnam funds are by no means uniform when examined by individual asset sectors, suggesting that differences in the pricing of investment management services to these types of clients may reflect, among other things, historical competitive forces operating in separate markets. The Trustees considered the fact that in many cases fee rates across different asset classes are higher on average for mutual funds than for institutional clients, and the Trustees also considered the differences between the services that Putnam Management provides to the Putnam funds and those that it provides to its other clients. The Trustees did not rely on these comparisons to any significant extent in concluding that the management fees paid by your fund are reasonable.
Investment performance
The quality of the investment process provided by Putnam Management represented a major factor in the Trustees’ evaluation of the quality of services provided by Putnam Management under your fund’s management contract. The Trustees were assisted in their review of the Putnam funds’ investment process and performance by the work of the investment oversight committees of the Trustees and the full Board of Trustees, which meet on a regular basis with the funds’ portfolio teams and with the Chief Investment Officers and other senior members of Putnam Management’s Investment Division throughout the year. The Trustees concluded that Putnam Management generally provides a high-quality investment process — based on the experience and skills of the individuals assigned to the management of fund portfolios, the resources made available to them, and in general Putnam Management’s ability to attract and retain high-quality personnel — but also recognized that this does not guarantee favorable investment results for every fund in every time period.
The Trustees considered that, after a strong start to the year, 2018 was a mixed year for The Putnam Funds, with the Putnam open-end Funds’ performance, on an asset-weighted basis, ranking in the 54th percentile of their Lipper Inc. (“Lipper”) peers (excluding those Putnam funds that are evaluated based on their total returns versus selected investment benchmarks). The Trustees also noted that The Putnam Funds were ranked by the Barron’s/Lipper Fund Families survey as the 41st-best performing mutual fund complex out of 57 complexes for the one-year period ended December 31, 2018 and the 29th-best performing mutual fund complex out of 55 complexes for the five-year period ended December 31, 2018. The Trustees observed that The Putnam Funds’ performance over the longer-term continued to be strong, ranking 6th out of 49 mutual fund complexes in the survey over the ten-year period ended 2018. In addition, the Trustees noted that 22 of the funds were four- or five-star rated by Morningstar Inc. at the end of 2018. They also noted, however, the disappointing investment performance of some funds for periods ended December 31, 2018 and considered information provided by Putnam Management regarding the factors contributing to the underperformance and actions being taken to improve the performance of these particular funds. The Trustees indicated their intention to continue to monitor closely the performance of those funds, including the effectiveness of any efforts Putnam Management has undertaken to address underperformance and whether additional actions to address areas of underperformance are warranted.
| 16 Money Market Fund | |
For purposes of the Trustees’ evaluation of the Putnam Funds’ investment performance, the Trustees generally focus on a competitive industry ranking of each fund’s total net return over a one-year, three-year and five-year period. For a number of Putnam funds with relatively unique investment mandates for which Putnam Management informed the Trustees that meaningful competitive performance rankings are not considered to be available, the Trustees evaluated performance based on their total gross and net returns and comparisons of those returns with the returns of selected investment benchmarks. In the case of your fund, the Trustees considered that its class A share cumulative total return performance at net asset value was in the following quartiles of its Lipper peer group (Lipper Money Market Funds) for the one-year, three-year and five-year periods ended December 31, 2018 (the first quartile representing the best-performing funds and the fourth quartile the worst-performing funds):
| One-year period | 2nd |
| Three-year period | 2nd |
| Five-year period | 3rd |
Over the one-year, three-year and five-year periods ended December 31, 2018, there were 101, 78 and 70 funds, respectively, in your fund’s Lipper peer group. (When considering performance information, shareholders should be mindful that past performance is not a guarantee of future results.)
The Trustees considered Putnam Management’s continued efforts to support fund performance through initiatives including structuring compensation for portfolio managers and research analysts to enhance accountability for fund performance, emphasizing accountability in the portfolio management process, and affirming its commitment to a fundamental-driven approach to investing. The Trustees noted further that Putnam Management had made selective hires in 2018 to strengthen its investment team.
Brokerage and soft-dollar allocations; investor servicing
The Trustees considered various potential benefits that Putnam Management may receive in connection with the services it provides under the management contract with your fund. These include benefits related to brokerage allocation and the use of soft dollars, whereby a portion of the commissions paid by a fund for brokerage may be used to acquire research services that are expected to be useful to Putnam Management in managing the assets of the fund and of other clients. Subject to policies established by the Trustees, soft dollars generated by these means are used predominantly to acquire brokerage and research services (including third-party research and market data) that enhance Putnam Management’s investment capabilities and supplement Putnam Management’s internal research efforts. However, the Trustees noted that a portion of available soft dollars continues to be used to pay fund expenses. The Trustees indicated their continued intent to monitor regulatory and industry developments in this area with the assistance of their Brokerage Committee. The Trustees also indicated their continued intent to monitor the allocation of the Putnam funds’ brokerage in order to ensure that the principle of seeking best price and execution remains paramount in the portfolio trading process.
Putnam Management may also receive benefits from payments that the funds make to Putnam Management’s affiliates for investor or distribution services. In conjunction with the annual review of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts, the Trustees reviewed your fund’s investor servicing agreement with PSERV and its distributor’s contracts and distribution plans with Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership (“PRM”), both of which are affiliates of Putnam Management. The Trustees concluded that the fees payable by the funds to PSERV and PRM, as applicable, for such services are fair and reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of such services, the fees paid by competitive funds, and the costs incurred by PSERV and PRM, as applicable, in providing such services. Furthermore, the Trustees were of the view that the services provided were required for the operation of the funds, and that they were of a quality at least equal to those provided by other providers.
| Money Market Fund 17 |
Audited financial statements
These sections of the report, as well as the accompanying Notes, preceded by the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, constitute the fund’s audited financial statements.
The fund’s portfolio lists all the fund’s investments and their values as of the last day of the reporting period. Holdings are organized by asset type and industry sector, country, or state to show areas of concentration and diversification.
Statement of assets and liabilities shows how the fund’s net assets and share price are determined. All investment and non-investment assets are added together. Any unpaid expenses and other liabilities are subtracted from this total. The result is divided by the number of shares to determine the net asset value per share, which is calculated separately for each class of shares. (For funds with preferred shares, the amount subtracted from total assets includes the liquidation preference of preferred shares.)
Statement of operations shows the fund’s net investment gain or loss. This is done by first adding up all the fund’s earnings — from dividends and interest income — and subtracting its operating expenses to determine net investment income (or loss). Then, any net gain or loss the fund realized on the sales of its holdings — as well as any unrealized gains or losses over the period — is added to or subtracted from the net investment result to determine the fund’s net gain or loss for the fiscal year.
Statement of changes in net assets shows how the fund’s net assets were affected by the fund’s net investment gain or loss, by distributions to shareholders, and by changes in the number of the fund’s shares. It lists distributions and their sources (net investment income or realized capital gains) over the current reporting period and the most recent fiscal year-end. The distributions listed here may not match the sources listed in the Statement of operations because the distributions are determined on a tax basis and may be paid in a different period from the one in which they were earned.
Financial highlights provide an overview of the fund’s investment results, per-share distributions, expense ratios, net investment income ratios, and portfolio turnover in one summary table, reflecting the five most recent reporting periods. In a semiannual report, the highlights table also includes the current reporting period.
| 18 Money Market Fund | |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Trustees and Shareholders
of Putnam Money Market Fund:
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the fund’s portfolio, of Putnam Money Market Fund (the “Fund”) as of September 30, 2019, the related statement of operations for the year ended September 30, 2019, the statement of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period ended September 30, 2019, including the related notes, and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended September 30, 2019 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of September 30, 2019, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period ended September 30, 2019 and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended September 30, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of September 30, 2019 by correspondence with the custodian and brokers; when replies were not received from brokers, we performed other auditing procedures. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
November 5, 2019
We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies in the Putnam Investments family of mutual funds since at least 1957. We have not been able to determine the specific year we began serving as auditor.
| Money Market Fund 19 |
The fund’s portfolio 9/30/19
| Principal | ||||
| REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS (35.8%)* | amount | Value | ||
| Interest in $364,751,000 joint tri-party repurchase agreement dated | ||||
| 9/30/19 with BofA Securities, Inc. due 10/1/19 — maturity value of $89,833,739 | ||||
| for an effective yield of 2.300% (collateralized by a mortgage backed security | ||||
| with a coupon rate of 3.000% and a due date of 9/1/49, valued at $372,046,021) | $89,828,000 | $89,828,000 | ||
| Interest in $493,028,000 joint tri-party repurchase agreement dated | ||||
| 9/30/19 with Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. due 10/1/19 — maturity value of | ||||
| $89,905,868 for an effective yield of 2.350% (collateralized by various mortgage | ||||
| backed securities with coupon rates ranging from 2.000% to 8.000% and due | ||||
| dates ranging from 9/1/27 to 6/20/69, valued at $502,905,952) | 89,900,000 | 89,900,000 | ||
| Interest in $384,750,000 joint tri-party repurchase agreement dated | ||||
| 9/30/19 with HSBC Bank USA, National Association due 10/1/19 — maturity | ||||
| value of $89,905,918 for an effective yield of 2.370% (collateralized by various | ||||
| mortgage backed securities with coupon rates ranging from 3.000% to 5.500% | ||||
| and due dates ranging from 4/1/25 to 9/1/49, valued at $392,470,836) | 89,900,000 | 89,900,000 | ||
| Total repurchase agreements (cost $269,628,000) | $269,628,000 | |||
| Maturity | Principal | |||
| CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT (25.4%)* | Yield (%) | date | amount | Value |
| Australia & New Zealand Banking Group, Ltd./ | ||||
| New York, NY FRN | 2.434 | 1/28/20 | $7,500,000 | $7,500,000 |
| Bank of America, NA | 2.560 | 10/11/19 | 3,500,000 | 3,500,000 |
| Bank of America, NA FRN | 2.560 | 11/4/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Bank of America, NA FRN | 2.354 | 2/24/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Bank of America, NA FRN | 2.276 | 11/18/19 | 4,000,000 | 4,000,333 |
| Bank of Montreal/Chicago, IL FRN (Canada) | 2.446 | 12/23/19 | 8,400,000 | 8,405,555 |
| Bank of Montreal/Chicago, IL FRN (Canada) | 2.292 | 8/7/20 | 3,500,000 | 3,500,000 |
| Bank of Montreal/Chicago, IL FRN (Canada) | 2.192 | 6/1/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,750,000 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia/Houston FRN | 2.547 | 11/4/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,750,959 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia/Houston FRN | 2.407 | 11/5/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce/ | ||||
| New York, NY FRN | 2.447 | 12/6/19 | 6,250,000 | 6,250,000 |
| Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce/ | ||||
| New York, NY FRN M | 2.250 | 10/9/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,750,000 |
| Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce/ | ||||
| New York, NY FRN | 2.060 | 6/12/20 | 4,000,000 | 4,000,000 |
| Citibank, NA | 2.570 | 10/21/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Cooperatieve Rabobank UA/NY FRN (Netherlands) | 2.247 | 6/5/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,750,000 |
| Credit Suisse AG/New York, NY FRN | 2.262 | 12/9/19 | 3,875,000 | 3,875,116 |
| Mizuho Bank, Ltd./New York, NY FRN | 2.174 | 11/27/19 | 4,000,000 | 4,000,032 |
| MUFG Bank, Ltd./New York, NY FRN (Japan) | 2.224 | 2/20/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,750,000 |
| Nordea Bank ABP/New York, NY FRN | 2.618 | 10/10/19 | 7,750,000 | 7,750,622 |
| Royal Bank of Canada/New York, NY (Canada) | 2.630 | 11/19/19 | 3,500,000 | 3,500,565 |
| Royal Bank of Canada/New York, NY FRN (Canada) | 2.206 | 5/22/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp./New York FRN (Japan) | 2.179 | 11/12/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,439 |
| Svenska Handelsbanken/New York, NY FRN (Sweden) | 2.187 | 3/5/20 | 7,025,000 | 7,025,000 |
| Svenska Handelsbanken/New York, NY FRN (Sweden) | 2.174 | 11/27/19 | 11,250,000 | 11,251,164 |
| Svenska Handelsbanken/New York, NY FRN (Sweden) | 2.161 | 2/18/20 | 3,750,000 | 3,750,000 |
| Toronto-Dominion Bank/NY (Canada) | 2.200 | 1/23/20 | 3,750,000 | 3,750,000 |
| Toronto-Dominion Bank/NY FRN (Canada) | 2.358 | 7/22/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| US Bank NA/Cincinnati, OH | 2.224 | 4/1/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| 20 Money Market Fund | |
| Maturity | Principal | |||
| CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT (25.4%)* cont. | Yield (%) | date | amount | Value |
| Wells Fargo Bank, NA FRN | 2.418 | 8/10/20 | $3,750,000 | $3,750,000 |
| Wells Fargo Bank, NA FRN | 2.262 | 10/9/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,750,000 |
| Wells Fargo Bank, NA FRN | 2.245 | 6/12/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Total certificates of deposit (cost $191,809,785) | $191,809,785 | |||
| Maturity | Principal | |||
| COMMERCIAL PAPER (22.7%)* | Yield (%) | date | amount | Value |
| ABN AMRO Funding USA, LLC | 2.207 | 12/2/19 | $7,500,000 | $7,471,713 |
| Commonwealth Bank of Australia (Australia) | 2.172 | 2/24/20 | 7,400,000 | 7,399,582 |
| DNB Bank ASA (Norway) | 2.316 | 1/23/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Export Development Canada (Canada) | 2.233 | 10/31/19 | 10,000,000 | 9,981,500 |
| HSBC Bank PLC (United Kingdom) | 2.336 | 2/28/20 | 3,776,000 | 3,776,728 |
| HSBC Bank PLC (United Kingdom) | 2.336 | 2/7/20 | 3,191,000 | 3,191,414 |
| HSBC USA, Inc. | 2.346 | 2/5/20 | 2,500,000 | 2,479,627 |
| ING (U.S.) Funding LLC | 2.324 | 11/8/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Lloyds Bank PLC (United Kingdom) | 2.344 | 11/15/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corp./ | ||||
| Singapore (Singapore) | 2.178 | 11/22/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,476,492 |
| National Australia Bank, Ltd. (Australia) | 2.384 | 5/20/20 | 4,000,000 | 3,998,742 |
| National Australia Bank, Ltd. (Australia) | 2.384 | 4/24/20 | 2,500,000 | 2,499,944 |
| National Australia Bank, Ltd. (Australia) | 2.128 | 10/22/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,490,725 |
| National Bank of Canada (Canada) | 2.334 | 10/11/19 | 2,000,000 | 2,000,007 |
| National Bank of Canada (Canada) | 2.118 | 11/1/19 | 1,400,000 | 1,397,456 |
| Nationwide Building Society (United Kingdom) | 2.164 | 10/7/19 | 7,750,000 | 7,747,210 |
| Nestle Finance International, Ltd. (Switzerland) | 1.969 | 2/10/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,446,375 |
| NRW.Bank (Germany) | 2.263 | 10/10/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,495,781 |
| NRW.Bank (Germany) | 2.019 | 2/20/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,688,861 |
| Prudential PLC (United Kingdom) | 2.031 | 11/18/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,739,900 |
| Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB (Sweden) | 3.137 | 10/1/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
| Societe Generale SA (France) | 2.093 | 11/26/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,737,867 |
| Toronto-Dominion Bank (The) (Canada) | 2.348 | 12/3/19 | 10,000,000 | 9,968,402 |
| Total Capital Canada, Ltd. (Canada) | 2.233 | 10/23/19 | 7,500,000 | 7,489,825 |
| Total Capital Canada, Ltd. (Canada) | 2.021 | 12/2/19 | 5,550,000 | 5,530,788 |
| Toyota Motor Credit Corp. | 2.289 | 3/2/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,750,000 |
| UBS AG/London (United Kingdom) | 2.384 | 1/23/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,251 |
| Westpac Banking Corp. (Australia) | 2.436 | 10/31/19 | 6,000,000 | 6,001,389 |
| Total commercial paper (cost $171,260,579) | $171,260,579 | |||
| Maturity | Principal | |||
| ASSET-BACKED COMMERCIAL PAPER (10.9%)* | Yield (%) | date | amount | Value |
| Atlantic Asset Securitization, LLC | 2.292 | 10/7/19 | $3,750,000 | $3,748,575 |
| Atlantic Asset Securitization, LLC | 2.107 | 11/6/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,742,125 |
| Barclays Bank PLC CCP (United Kingdom) | 2.313 | 10/24/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,744,490 |
| Barclays Bank PLC CCP (United Kingdom) | 2.101 | 10/2/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,749,781 |
| CAFCO, LLC | 2.263 | 10/9/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,748,125 |
| Chariot Funding, LLC | 2.064 | 1/13/20 | 7,750,000 | 7,704,103 |
| Collateralized Commercial Paper Co., LLC | 2.270 | 3/11/20 | 11,500,000 | 11,500,000 |
| CRC Funding, LLC | 2.264 | 10/15/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,746,719 |
| Liberty Street Funding, LLC (Canada) | 2.226 | 11/12/19 | 11,000,000 | 10,971,638 |
| Matchpoint Finance PLC (Ireland) | 2.121 | 12/12/19 | 3,750,000 | 3,734,175 |
| Money Market Fund 21 |
| Maturity | Principal | |||
| ASSET-BACKED COMMERCIAL PAPER (10.9%)* cont. | Yield (%) | date | amount | Value |
| MetLife Short Term Funding, LLC | 2.009 | 2/21/20 | $7,750,000 | $7,688,738 |
| Old Line Funding, LLC | 2.092 | 11/20/19 | 3,500,000 | 3,489,889 |
| Thunder Bay Funding, LLC | 2.243 | 10/25/19 | 7,000,000 | 6,989,593 |
| Thunder Bay Funding, LLC | 2.071 | 12/5/19 | 7,750,000 | 7,721,174 |
| Total asset-backed commercial paper (cost $82,279,125) | $82,279,125 | |||
| Maturity | Principal | |||
| U.S. TREASURY OBLIGATIONS (3.0%)* | Yield (%) | date | amount | Value |
| U.S. Treasury FRN M | 2.134 | 7/31/21 | $7,500,000 | $7,495,859 |
| U.S. Treasury FRN M | 2.053 | 4/30/21 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,459 |
| U.S. Treasury FRN | 1.957 | 7/31/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,500,478 |
| Total U.S. treasury obligations (cost $22,496,796) | $22,496,796 | |||
| Interest | Maturity | Principal | ||
| CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (2.3%)* | rate (%) | date | amount | Value |
| (BBA | ||||
| LIBOR | ||||
| USD 3 | ||||
| Month + | ||||
| Commonwealth Bank of Australia 144A sr. unsec. | 0.60%), | |||
| unsub. FRN (Australia) | 2.764% | 12/19/19 | $4,800,000 | $4,806,209 |
| (BBA | ||||
| LIBOR | ||||
| USD 3 | ||||
| Month + | ||||
| Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp. company guaranty sr. | 0.35%), | |||
| unsec. FRN (Japan) | 2.653% | 1/17/20 | 7,500,000 | 7,507,987 |
| (BBA | ||||
| LIBOR | ||||
| USD 3 | ||||
| Month + | ||||
| 0.28%), | ||||
| Westpac Banking Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. FRN (Australia) | 2.438% | 5/15/20 | 4,705,000 | 4,711,975 |
| Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $17,026,171) | $17,026,171 | |||
| TOTAL INVESTMENTS | ||||
| Total investments (cost $754,500,456) | $754,500,456 | |||
Key to holding’s abbreviations
| FRN | Floating Rate Notes: the rate shown is the current interest rate or yield at the close of the reporting period. |
| Rates may be subject to a cap or floor. For certain securities, the rate may represent a fixed rate currently in | |
| place at the close of the reporting period. |
Notes to the fund’s portfolio
Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from October 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019 (the reporting period). Within the following notes to the portfolio, references to “Putnam Management” represent Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and references to “ASC 820” represent Accounting Standards Codification 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.
* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $754,049,004.
M This security’s effective maturity date is less than one year.
Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.
| 22 Money Market Fund | |
144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.
The dates shown on debt obligations are the original maturity dates.
| DIVERSIFICATION BY COUNTRY | ||||
| Distribution of investments by country of risk at the close of the reporting period, excluding collateral received, if any (as a percentage of Portfolio Value): | ||||
| United States | 63.9% | Netherlands | 1.0% | |
| Canada | 11.9 | Norway | 1.0 | |
| United Kingdom | 5.4 | Singapore | 1.0 | |
| Australia | 4.9 | Switzerland | 1.0 | |
| Sweden | 3.9 | France | 0.5 | |
| Japan | 3.0 | Ireland | 0.5 | |
| Germany | 2.0 | Total | 100.0% | |
ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:
Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.
Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:
| Valuation inputs | |||
| Investments in securities: | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
| Asset-backed commercial paper | $— | $82,279,125 | $— |
| Certificates of deposit | — | 191,809,785 | — |
| Commercial paper | — | 171,260,579 | — |
| Corporate bonds and notes | — | 17,026,171 | — |
| Repurchase agreements | — | 269,628,000 | — |
| U.S. treasury obligations | — | 22,496,796 | — |
| Totals by level | $— | $754,500,456 | $— |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| Money Market Fund 23 |
Statement of assets and liabilities 9/30/19
| ASSETS | |
| Investment in securities, at value (Note 1): | |
| Unaffiliated issuers (at amortized cost) | $484,872,456 |
| Repurchase agreements (identified cost $269,628,000) | 269,628,000 |
| Cash | 40,165 |
| Interest and other receivables | 1,210,748 |
| Receivable for shares of the fund sold | 13,689,159 |
| Prepaid assets | 44,824 |
| Total assets | 769,485,352 |
| LIABILITIES | |
| Payable for shares of the fund repurchased | 14,375,460 |
| Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2) | 174,635 |
| Payable for custodian fees (Note 2) | 13,390 |
| Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2) | 176,478 |
| Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2) | 484,464 |
| Payable for administrative services (Note 2) | 2,965 |
| Distributions payable to shareholders | 28,968 |
| Other accrued expenses | 179,988 |
| Total liabilities | 15,436,348 |
| Net assets | $754,049,004 |
| REPRESENTED BY | |
| Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4) | $754,041,301 |
| Total distributable earnings (Note 1) | 7,703 |
| Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding | $754,049,004 |
| COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE | |
| Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class A share | |
| ($702,330,664 divided by 702,322,502 shares) | $1.00 |
| Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($3,044,471 divided by 3,044,434 shares)* | $1.00 |
| Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($16,075,979 divided by 16,076,829 shares)* | $1.00 |
| Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class M share | |
| ($26,993,145 divided by 26,993,243 shares) | $1.00 |
| Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share | |
| ($5,604,745 divided by 5,604,783 shares) | $1.00 |
* Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| 24 Money Market Fund | |
Statement of operations Year ended 9/30/19
| INVESTMENT INCOME | |
| Interest | $19,247,992 |
| Total investment income | 19,247,992 |
| EXPENSES | |
| Compensation of Manager (Note 2) | 2,159,117 |
| Investor servicing fees (Note 2) | 1,127,964 |
| Custodian fees (Note 2) | 13,067 |
| Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2) | 32,135 |
| Administrative services (Note 2) | 23,464 |
| Other | 371,504 |
| Total expenses | 3,727,251 |
| Expense reduction (Note 2) | (48,929) |
| Net expenses | 3,678,322 |
| Net investment income | 15,569,670 |
| Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | $15,569,670 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| Money Market Fund 25 |
Statement of changes in net assets
| DECREASE IN NET ASSETS | Year ended 9/30/19 | Year ended 9/30/18 |
| Operations | ||
| Net investment income | $15,569,670 | $10,184,454 |
| Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | 15,569,670 | 10,184,454 |
| Distributions to shareholders (Note 1): | ||
| From ordinary income | ||
| Net investment income | ||
| Class A | (14,528,795) | (9,474,899) |
| Class B | (72,317) | (82,579) |
| Class C | (330,011) | (206,360) |
| Class M | (548,659) | (343,933) |
| Class R | (103,650) | (70,785) |
| Class T1 | (7,066) | (28,347) |
| Decrease from capital share transactions (Note 4) | (9,784,928) | (42,179,175) |
| Total decrease in net assets | (9,805,756) | (42,201,624) |
| NET ASSETS | ||
| Beginning of year | 763,854,760 | 806,056,384 |
| End of year | $754,049,004 | $763,854,760 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| 26 Money Market Fund | |
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| Money Market Fund 27 |
Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)
| INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||
| Ratio of net | ||||||||||||
| investment | ||||||||||||
| income (loss) | ||||||||||||
| Net asset value, | Net realized | Total from | From net | Total return | Net assets, | Ratio of expenses | to average | |||||
| beginning | Net investment | gain (loss) | investment | investment | Total | Non-recurring | Net asset value, | at net asset value | end of period | to average | net assets | |
| Period ended | of period | income (loss) | on investments | operations | income | distributions | payments | end of period | (%) a | (in thousands) | net assets (%) b | (%) |
| Class A | ||||||||||||
| September 30, 2019 | $1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | — | $1.00 | 2.05 | $702,331 | .48 | 2.03 |
| September 30, 2018 | 1.00 | .0129 | — | .0129 | (.0129) | (.0129) | — | 1.00 | 1.30 | 713,763 | .50 | 1.29 |
| September 30, 2017 | 1.00 | .0046 | — | .0046 | (.0046) | (.0046) | — | 1.00 | .46 | 738,646 | .50c | .45c |
| September 30, 2016 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | — | 1.00 | .01 | 868,914 | .44c | .01c |
| September 30, 2015 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | .0023e | 1.00 | .01 | 1,141,026 | .16c | .01c |
| Class B | ||||||||||||
| September 30, 2019 | $1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | — | $1.00 | 2.05 | $3,044 | .48 | 2.04 |
| September 30, 2018 | 1.00 | .0129 | — | .0129 | (.0129) | (.0129) | — | 1.00 | 1.30 | 3,941 | .50 | 1.21 |
| September 30, 2017 | 1.00 | .0034 | — | .0034 | (.0034) | (.0034) | — | 1.00 | .34 | 9,460 | .61c | .33c |
| September 30, 2016 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | — | 1.00 | .01 | 9,155 | .44c | .01c |
| September 30, 2015 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | .0020e | 1.00 | .01 | 8,597 | .16c | .01c |
| Class C | ||||||||||||
| September 30, 2019 | $1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | — | $1.00 | 2.05 | $16,076 | .48 | 2.03 |
| September 30, 2018 | 1.00 | .0129 | — | .0129 | (.0129) | (.0129) | — | 1.00 | 1.30 | 10,794 | .50 | 1.20 |
| September 30, 2017 | 1.00 | .0034 | — | .0034 | (.0034) | (.0034) | — | 1.00 | .34 | 19,347 | .60c | .34c |
| September 30, 2016 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | — | 1.00 | .01 | 26,581 | .44c | .02c |
| September 30, 2015 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | .0020e | 1.00 | .01 | 39,085 | .16c | .01c |
| Class M | ||||||||||||
| September 30, 2019 | $1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | — | $1.00 | 2.05 | $26,993 | .48 | 2.02 |
| September 30, 2018 | 1.00 | .0129 | — | .0129 | (.0129) | (.0129) | — | 1.00 | 1.30 | 27,775 | .50 | 1.28 |
| September 30, 2017 | 1.00 | .0040 | — | .0040 | (.0040) | (.0040) | — | 1.00 | .40 | 28,829 | .56c | .40c |
| September 30, 2016 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | — | 1.00 | .01 | 28,067 | .44c | .01c |
| September 30, 2015 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | .0021e | 1.00 | .01 | 33,919 | .16c | .01c |
| Class R | ||||||||||||
| September 30, 2019 | $1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | — | $1.00 | 2.05 | $5,605 | .48 | 2.02 |
| September 30, 2018 | 1.00 | .0129 | — | .0129 | (.0129) | (.0129) | — | 1.00 | 1.30 | 5,567 | .50 | 1.25 |
| September 30, 2017 | 1.00 | .0034 | — | .0034 | (.0034) | (.0034) | — | 1.00 | .34 | 7,470 | .61c | .33c |
| September 30, 2016 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | — | 1.00 | .01 | 12,536 | .44c | .01c |
| September 30, 2015 | 1.00 | .0001 | —d | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | .0020e | 1.00 | .01 | 15,692 | .16c | .01c |
See notes to financial highlights at the end of this section.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| 28 Money Market Fund | Money Market Fund 29 |
Financial highlights cont.
a Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.
b Includes amounts paid through expense offset and/or brokerage/service arrangements, if any (Note 2). Also excludes acquired fund fees and expenses, if any.
c Reflects a voluntary waiver of certain fund expenses in effect during the period relating to the enhancement of certain annualized net yields of the fund. As a result of such waivers, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts as a percentage of average net assets:
| 9/30/17 | 9/30/16 | 9/30/15 | |
| Class A | 0.00% | 0.08% | 0.32% |
| Class B | 0.14 | 0.58 | 0.82 |
| Class C | 0.15 | 0.58 | 0.82 |
| Class M | 0.02 | 0.23 | 0.47 |
| Class R | 0.14 | 0.58 | 0.82 |
d Amount represents less than $0.0001 per share.
e Reflects a voluntary non-recurring payment from Putnam Investments.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| 30 Money Market Fund | |
Notes to financial statements 9/30/19
Within the following Notes to financial statements, references to “State Street” represent State Street Bank and Trust Company, references to “the SEC” represent the Securities and Exchange Commission, references to “Putnam Management” represent Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and references to “OTC”, if any, represent over-the-counter. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from October 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019.
Putnam Money Market Fund (the fund) is a Massachusetts business trust, which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a diversified open-end management investment company. The fund intends to operate as a “retail money market fund” as defined by Rule 2a–7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and limits investments in the fund to accounts beneficially owned by natural persons. The fund has adopted policies and procedures permitting the Board of Trustees of the fund to impose a liquidity fee or to temporarily suspend redemptions from the fund (a “redemption gate”) if the fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below specified thresholds. The goal of the fund is to seek as high a rate of current income as Putnam Management believes is consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. The fund invests mainly in money market instruments that are high quality and have short-term maturities. The fund invests significantly in certificates of deposit, commercial paper (including asset-backed commercial paper), U.S. government debt and repurchase agreements, corporate obligations and time deposits and may also invest in U.S. dollar denominated foreign securities of these types. Putnam Management may consider, among other factors, credit and interest rate risks and characteristics of the issuer or counterparty, as well as general market conditions, when deciding whether to buy or sell investments.
The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares. Effective November 25, 2019, class M shares will no longer be available for purchase and will convert automatically to class A shares. Effective December 6, 2018, the Trustees approved the conversion of all existing class T1 shares to class A shares. Following this conversion, class T1 shares were terminated. Purchases of class B shares are closed to new and existing investors except by exchange from class B shares of another Putnam fund or through dividend and/or capital gains reinvest-ment. Each class of shares is sold without a front-end sales charge. Class A shares also are generally not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge, and class M and class R shares are not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge. In addition to the standard offering of class A shares, they are also sold to certain college savings plans and other Putnam funds. Class B shares convert to class A shares after approximately eight years and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge on certain redemptions. Class C shares are subject to a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge on certain redemptions and generally convert to class A shares after approximately ten years. Class R shares are not available to all investors. Class T1 shares were generally not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on each class’ distribution fee, which is identified in Note 2.
In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.
The fund has entered into contractual arrangements with an investment adviser, administrator, distributor, shareholder servicing agent and custodian, who each provide services to the fund. Unless expressly stated otherwise, shareholders are not parties to, or intended beneficiaries of these contractual arrangements, and these contractual arrangements are not intended to create any shareholder right to enforce them against the service providers or to seek any remedy under them against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the fund.
Under the fund’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, any claims asserted against or on behalf of the Putnam Funds, including claims against Trustees and Officers, must be brought in state and federal courts located within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Note 1: Significant accounting policies
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements.
| Money Market Fund 31 |
Investment income, realized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. Shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund, if the fund were liquidated. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.
Security valuation Portfolio securities and other investments are valued using policies and procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. The Trustees have formed a Pricing Committee to oversee the implementation of these procedures and have delegated responsibility for valuing the fund’s assets in accordance with these procedures to Putnam Management. Putnam Management has established an internal Valuation Committee that is responsible for making fair value determinations, evaluating the effectiveness of the pricing policies of the fund and reporting to the Pricing Committee.
The valuation of the fund’s portfolio instruments is determined by means of the amortized cost method (which approximates fair value) as set forth in Rule 2a–7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The amortized cost of an instrument is determined by valuing it at its original cost and thereafter amortizing any discount or premium from its face value at a constant rate until maturity and is generally categorized as a Level 2 security.
Joint trading account Pursuant to an exemptive order from the SEC, the fund may transfer uninvested cash balances into a joint trading account along with the cash of other registered investment companies and certain other accounts managed by Putnam Management. These balances may be invested in issues of short-term investments having maturities of up to 90 days.
Repurchase agreements The fund, or any joint trading account, through its custodian, receives delivery of the underlying securities, the fair value of which at the time of purchase is required to be in an amount at least equal to the resale price, including accrued interest. Collateral for certain tri-party repurchase agreements, which totaled $275,029,768 at the end of the reporting period, is held at the counterparty’s custodian in a segregated account for the benefit of the fund and the counterparty. Putnam Management is responsible for determining that the value of these underlying securities is at all times at least equal to the resale price, including accrued interest. In the event of default or bankruptcy by the other party to the agreement, retention of the collateral may be subject to legal proceedings.
Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Interest income, including amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts, is recorded on the accrual basis. Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.
Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC. This program allows the fund to lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.
Lines of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $317.5 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $235.5 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street. Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to 1.25% plus the higher of (1) the Federal Funds rate and (2) the overnight LIBOR for the committed line of credit and the Federal Funds rate plus 1.30% for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.04% of the committed line of credit and 0.04% of the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.21% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.
Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code.
The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits
| 32 Money Market Fund | |
in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior three fiscal years remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.
Distributions to shareholders Income dividends are recorded daily by the fund and are paid monthly. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. For the reporting period, there were no material temporary or permanent differences. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. At the close of the reporting period, the fund reclassified $55 to decrease paid-in capital and $55 to decrease accumulated net realized loss.
The tax basis components of distributable earnings as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:
| Undistributed ordinary income | $36,670 |
The aggregate identified cost on a financial reporting and tax basis is the same.
Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions
The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of all open-end mutual funds sponsored by Putnam Management (excluding net assets of funds that are invested in, or that are invested in by, other Putnam funds to the extent necessary to avoid “double counting” of those assets). Such annual rates may vary as follows:
| 0.440% | of the first $5 billion, | 0.240% | of the next $50 billion, | |
| 0.390% | of the next $5 billion, | 0.220% | of the next $50 billion, | |
| 0.340% | of the next $10 billion, | 0.210% | of the next $100 billion and | |
| 0.290% | of the next $10 billion, | 0.205% | of any excess thereafter. |
For the reporting period, the management fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.281% of the fund’s average net assets.
Putnam Management has contractually agreed, through January 30, 2021, to waive fees and/or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses, acquired fund fees and expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were not reduced as a result of this limit.
Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. PIL did not manage any portion of the assets of the fund during the reporting period. If Putnam Management were to engage the services of PIL, Putnam Management would pay a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.25% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.
The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.
Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street. Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.
Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing for class A, class B, class C, class M, class R and class T1 shares that included (1) a per account fee for each direct and underlying non-defined contribution account (retail account) of the fund; (2) a specified rate of the fund’s assets attributable to defined contribution plan accounts; and (3) a specified rate based on the average net assets in retail accounts. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. has agreed that the aggregate investor servicing fees for each fund’s retail and defined contribution accounts for these share classes will not exceed an annual rate of 0.25% of the fund’s average assets attributable to such accounts. Effective December 6, 2018, the fund terminated its class T1 shares.
| Money Market Fund 33 |
During the reporting period, the expenses for each class of shares related to investor servicing fees were as follows:
| Class A | $1,051,163 | Class R | 7,524 | |
| Class B | 5,227 | Class T1 | 548 | |
| Class C | 23,721 | Total | $1,127,964 | |
| Class M | 39,781 |
The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $48,929 under the expense offset arrangements.
Each Independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $530, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.
The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.
The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.
The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to the following share classes pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to the following amounts (Maximum %) of the average net assets attributable to each class. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at the following annual rate (Approved %) of the average net assets attributable to each class. Prior to December 6, 2018, the Plans had also provided payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership for class T1 shares at an annual rate of up to 0.35% of the average net assets of the class. The Trustees currently have not approved payments by the fund under the Plans.
| Maximum % | Approved % | |
| Class B | 0.75% | 0.00% |
| Class C | 1.00% | 0.00% |
| Class M | 1.00% | 0.00% |
| Class R | 1.00% | 0.00% |
| ClassT 1* | 0.35% | 0.00% |
* Effective December 6, 2018, the fund terminated its class T1 shares.
For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $3,349 and $1,877, respectively, in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares purchased by exchange from another Putnam fund.
A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% for class A shares may be assessed on certain redemptions, and a deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% for class T1 shares was assessed on certain redemptions prior to the termination of the class effective December 6, 2018. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received $294 and no monies in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class A and class T1 shares, respectively, purchased by exchange from another Putnam fund.
| 34 Money Market Fund | |
Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities
During the reporting period, the cost of purchases and the proceeds from sales (including maturities) of investment securities (all short-term obligations) aggregated $71,525,209,222 and $71,538,746,470, respectively. The fund may purchase or sell investments from or to other Putnam funds in the ordinary course of business, which can reduce the fund’s transaction costs, at prices determined in accordance with SEC requirements and policies approved by the Trustees. During the reporting period, purchases or sales from or to other Putnam funds, if any, did not represent more than 5% of the fund’s total cost of purchases and/or total proceeds from sales.
Note 4: Capital shares
At the close of the reporting period, there were an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions, including, if applicable, direct exchanges pursuant to share conversions, in capital shares were as follows:
| YEAR ENDED 9/30/19 | YEAR ENDED 9/30/18 | |||
| Class A | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| Shares sold | 325,215,221 | $325,215,221 | 266,469,420 | $266,469,420 |
| Shares issued in connection with | ||||
| reinvestment of distributions | 14,272,650 | 14,272,650 | 9,303,906 | 9,303,906 |
| 339,487,871 | 339,487,871 | 275,773,326 | 275,773,326 | |
| Shares repurchased | (350,901,413) | (350,901,413) | (300,632,213) | (300,632,213) |
| Net decrease | (11,413,542) | $(11,413,542) | (24,858,887) | $(24,858,887) |
| YEAR ENDED 9/30/19 | YEAR ENDED 9/30/18 | |||
| Class B | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| Shares sold | 2,128,065 | $2,128,065 | 1,621,437 | $1,621,437 |
| Shares issued in connection with | ||||
| reinvestment of distributions | 71,527 | 71,527 | 81,585 | 81,585 |
| 2,199,592 | 2,199,592 | 1,703,022 | 1,703,022 | |
| Shares repurchased | (3,096,471) | (3,096,471) | (7,222,107) | (7,222,107) |
| Net decrease | (896,879) | $(896,879) | (5,519,085) | $(5,519,085) |
| YEAR ENDED 9/30/19 | YEAR ENDED 9/30/18 | |||
| Class C | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| Shares sold | 43,260,137 | $43,260,137 | 31,258,018 | $31,258,018 |
| Shares issued in connection with | ||||
| reinvestment of distributions | 314,342 | 314,342 | 194,235 | 194,235 |
| 43,574,479 | 43,574,479 | 31,452,253 | 31,452,253 | |
| Shares repurchased | (38,292,070) | (38,292,070) | (40,005,392) | (40,005,392) |
| Net increase (decrease) | 5,282,409 | $5,282,409 | (8,553,139) | $(8,553,139) |
| YEAR ENDED 9/30/19 | YEAR ENDED 9/30/18 | |||
| Class M | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| Shares sold | 44,922,031 | $44,922,031 | 44,343,412 | $44,343,412 |
| Shares issued in connection with | ||||
| reinvestment of distributions | 541,667 | 541,667 | 340,385 | 340,385 |
| 45,463,698 | 45,463,698 | 44,683,797 | 44,683,797 | |
| Shares repurchased | (46,244,284) | (46,244,284) | (45,738,945) | (45,738,945) |
| Net decrease | (780,586) | $(780,586) | (1,055,148) | $(1,055,148) |
| Money Market Fund 35 |
| YEAR ENDED 9/30/19 | YEAR ENDED 9/30/18 | |||
| Class R | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| Shares sold | 2,594,937 | $2,594,937 | 3,099,633 | $3,099,633 |
| Shares issued in connection with | ||||
| reinvestment of distributions | 102,209 | 102,209 | 69,714 | 69,714 |
| 2,697,146 | 2,697,146 | 3,169,347 | 3,169,347 | |
| Shares repurchased | (2,659,281) | (2,659,281) | (5,073,099) | (5,073,099) |
| Net increase (decrease) | 37,865 | $37,865 | (1,903,752) | $(1,903,752) |
| PERIOD ENDED 9/30/19* | YEAR ENDED 9/30/18 | |||
| Class T1 | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| Shares sold | 109,607 | $109,607 | 1,541,797 | $1,541,797 |
| Shares issued in connection with | ||||
| reinvestment of distributions | 6,556 | 6,556 | 27,676 | 27,676 |
| 116,163 | 116,163 | 1,569,473 | 1,569,473 | |
| Shares repurchased | (2,130,358) | (2,130,358) | (1,858,637) | (1,858,637) |
| Net decrease | (2,014,195) | $(2,014,195) | (289,164) | $(289,164) |
* Effective December 6, 2018, the fund has terminated its class T1 shares.
Note 5: Market, credit and other risks
In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations.
| 36 Money Market Fund |
Note 6: Offsetting of financial and derivative assets and liabilities
The following table summarizes any derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, at the end of the reporting period, that are subject to an enforceable master netting agreement or similar agreement. For securities lending transactions or borrowing transactions associated with securities sold short, if any, see Note 1. For financial reporting purposes, the fund does not offset financial assets and financial liabilities that are subject to the master netting agreements in the Statement of assets and liabilities.
| BofA Securities, Inc. |
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. |
HSBC Bank USA, National Association | Total | |
| Assets: | ||||
| Repurchase agreements ** | $89,828,000 | $89,900,000 | $89,900,000 | $269,628,000 |
| Total Assets | $89,828,000 | $89,900,000 | $89,900,000 | $269,628,000 |
| Liabilities: | ||||
| Total Liabilities | $— | $— | $— | $— |
| Total Financial and Derivative | $89,828,000 | $89,900,000 | $89,900,000 | $269,628,000 |
| Net Assets | ||||
| Total collateral | $89,828,000 | $89,900,000 | $89,900,000 | |
| received (pledged)†## | ||||
| Net amount | $— | $— | $— | |
| Controlled collateral received | ||||
| (including TBA commitments)** | $— | $— | $— | $— |
| Uncontrolled collateral received | $91,624,560 | $91,701,171 | $91,704,037 | $275,029,768 |
| Collateral (pledged) (including | ||||
| TBA commitments)** | $— | $— | $— | $— |
** Included with Investments in securities on the Statement of assets and liabilities.
† Additional collateral may be required from certain brokers based on individual agreements.
## Any over-collateralization of total financial and derivative net assets is not shown. Collateral may include amounts related to unsettled agreements.
Note 7: New accounting pronouncements
In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2017–08, Receivables — Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310–20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The amendments in the ASU shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium, to be amortized to the earliest call date. The ASU is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Management is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of applying this provision.
| Money Market Fund 37 |
Federal tax information (Unaudited)
For the reporting period, pursuant to §871(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, the fund hereby designates $10,080,343 of distributions paid as qualifying to be taxed as interest-related dividends, and no monies to be taxed as short-term capital gain dividends for nonresident alien shareholders.
The Form 1099 that will be mailed to you in January 2020 will show the tax status of all distributions paid to your account in calendar 2019.
| 38 Money Market Fund | |
| Money Market Fund 39 |
* Mr. Reynolds is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the fund and Putnam Investments. He is President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, as well as the President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds.
The address of each Trustee is 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110.
As of September 30, 2019, there were 91 Putnam funds. All Trustees serve as Trustees of all Putnam funds.
Each Trustee serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement at age 75, removal, or death.
| 40 Money Market Fund |
Officers
In addition to Robert L. Reynolds, the other officers of the fund are shown below:
| Robert T. Burns (Born 1961) | Richard T. Kircher (Born 1962) | |
| Vice President and Chief Legal Officer | Vice President and BSA Compliance Officer | |
| Since 2011 | Since 2019 | |
| General Counsel, Putnam Investments, | Assistant Director, Operational Compliance, Putnam | |
| Putnam Management, and Putnam Retail Management | Investments and Putnam Retail Management | |
| James F. Clark (Born 1974) | Susan G. Malloy (Born 1957) | |
| Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer | Vice President and Assistant Treasurer | |
| Since 2016 | Since 2007 | |
| Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Risk Officer, | Head of Accounting and Middle Office Services, | |
| Putnam Investments and Chief Compliance Officer, | Putnam Investments and Putnam Management | |
| Putnam Management | ||
| Denere P. Poulack (Born 1968) | ||
| Nancy E. Florek (Born 1957) | Assistant Vice President, Assistant Clerk, | |
| Vice President, Director of Proxy Voting and Corporate | and Assistant Treasurer | |
| Governance, Assistant Clerk, and Assistant Treasurer | Since 2004 | |
| Since 2000 | ||
| Janet C. Smith (Born 1965) | ||
| Michael J. Higgins (Born 1976) | Vice President, Principal Financial Officer, Principal | |
| Vice President, Treasurer, and Clerk | Accounting Officer, and Assistant Treasurer | |
| Since 2010 | Since 2007 | |
| Head of Fund Administration Services, | ||
| Jonathan S. Horwitz (Born 1955) | Putnam Investments and Putnam Management | |
| Executive Vice President, Principal Executive Officer, | ||
| and Compliance Liaison | Mark C. Trenchard (Born 1962) | |
| Since 2004 | Vice President | |
| Since 2002 | ||
| Director of Operational Compliance, Putnam | ||
| Investments and Putnam Retail Management | ||
The principal occupations of the officers for the past five years have been with the employers as shown above, although in some cases they have held different positions with such employers. The address of each officer is 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110.
| Money Market Fund 41 |
Putnam family of funds
The following is a list of Putnam’s open-end mutual funds offered to the public. Investors should carefully consider the investment objective, risks, charges, and expenses of a fund before investing. For a prospectus, or a summary prospectus if available, containing this and other information for any Putnam fund or product, contact your financial advisor or call Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing.
| Blend | Income |
| Capital Spectrum Fund | Diversified Income Trust |
| Emerging Markets Equity Fund | Floating Rate Income Fund |
| Equity Spectrum Fund | Global Income Trust |
| Focused Equity Fund | Government Money Market Fund* |
| Global Equity Fund | High Yield Fund |
| International Capital Opportunities Fund | Income Fund |
| International Equity Fund | Money Market Fund† |
| Multi-Cap Core Fund | Mortgage Opportunities Fund |
| Research Fund | Mortgage Securities Fund |
| Short Duration Bond Fund | |
| Global Sector | Ultra Short Duration Income Fund |
| Global Health Care Fund | |
| Global Technology Fund | Tax-free Income |
| AMT-Free Municipal Fund | |
| Growth | Intermediate-Term Municipal Income Fund |
| Growth Opportunities Fund | Short-Term Municipal Income Fund |
| International Growth Fund | Tax Exempt Income Fund |
| Small Cap Growth Fund | Tax-Free High Yield Fund |
| Sustainable Future Fund | |
| Sustainable Leaders Fund | State tax-free income funds‡ : |
| California, Massachusetts, Minnesota, | |
| Value | New Jersey, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. |
| Convertible Securities Fund | |
| Equity Income Fund | |
| International Value Fund | |
| Small Cap Value Fund |
| 42 Money Market Fund | |
| Absolute Return | Asset Allocation |
| Fixed Income Absolute Return Fund | Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund |
| Multi-Asset Absolute Return Fund | George Putnam Balanced Fund |
| Putnam PanAgora** | Dynamic Asset Allocation Balanced Fund |
| Putnam PanAgora Managed Futures Strategy | Dynamic Asset Allocation Conservative Fund |
| Putnam PanAgora Market Neutral Fund | Dynamic Asset Allocation Growth Fund |
| Putnam PanAgora Risk Parity Fund | |
| Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 1 | |
| RetirementReady® 2060 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2055 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2050 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2045 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2040 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2035 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2030 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2025 Fund | |
| RetirementReady® 2020 Fund |
* You could lose money by investing in the fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.
† You could lose money by investing in the fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The fund may impose a fee upon sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.
‡ Not available in all states.
** Sub-advised by PanAgora Asset Management.
Check your account balances and the most recent month-end performance in the Individual Investors section at putnam.com.
| Money Market Fund 43 |
Services for shareholders
Investor services
Systematic investment plan Tell us how much you wish to invest regularly — weekly, semimonthly, or monthly — and the amount you choose will be transferred automatically from your checking or savings account. There’s no additional fee for this service, and you can suspend it at any time. This plan may be a great way to save for college expenses or to plan for your retirement.
Please note that regular investing does not guarantee a profit or protect against loss in a declining market. Before arranging a systematic investment plan, consider your financial ability to continue making purchases in periods when prices are low.
Systematic exchange You can make regular transfers from one Putnam fund to another Putnam fund. There are no additional fees for this service, and you can cancel or change your options at any time.
Dividends PLUS You can choose to have the dividend distributions from one of your Putnam funds automatically reinvested in another Putnam fund at no additional charge.
Free exchange privilege You can exchange money between Putnam funds free of charge, as long as they are the same class of shares. A signature guarantee is required if you are exchanging more than $500,000. The fund reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege.
Reinstatement privilege If you’ve sold Putnam shares or received a check for a dividend or capital gain, you may reinvest the proceeds with Putnam within 90 days of the transaction and they will be reinvested at the fund’s current net asset value — with no sales charge. However, reinstatement of class B shares may have special tax consequences. Ask your financial or tax representative for details.
Check-writing service You have ready access to many Putnam accounts. It’s as simple as writing a check, and there are no special fees or service charges. For more information about the check-writing service, call Putnam or visit our website.
Dollar cost averaging When you’re investing for long-term goals, it’s time, not timing, that counts. Investing on a systematic basis is a better strategy than trying to figure out when the markets will go up or down. This means investing the same amount of money regularly over a long period. This method of investing is called dollar cost averaging. When a fund’s share price declines, your investment dollars buy more shares at lower prices. When it increases, they buy fewer shares. Over time, you will pay a lower average price per share.
For more information
Visit the Individual Investors section at putnam.com A secure section of our website contains complete information on your account, including balances and transactions, updated daily. You may also conduct transactions, such as exchanges, additional investments, and address changes. Log on today to get your password.
Call us toll free at 1-800-225-1581 Ask a helpful Putnam representative or your financial advisor for details about any of these or other services, or see your prospectus.
| 44 Money Market Fund | |
Fund information
Founded over 80 years ago, Putnam Investments was built around the concept that a balance between risk and reward is the hallmark of a well-rounded financial program. We manage funds across income, value, blend, growth, sustainable, asset allocation, absolute return, and global sector categories.
| Investment Manager | Trustees | Michael J. Higgins |
| Putnam Investment | Kenneth R. Leibler, Chair | Vice President, Treasurer, |
| Management, LLC | Liaquat Ahamed | and Clerk |
| 100 Federal Street | Ravi Akhoury | |
| Boston, MA 02110 | Barbara M. Baumann | Jonathan S. Horwitz |
| Katinka Domotorffy | Executive Vice President, | |
| Investment Sub-Advisor | Catharine Bond Hill | Principal Executive Officer, |
| Putnam Investments Limited | Paul L. Joskow | and Compliance Liaison |
| 16 St James’s Street | Robert E. Patterson | |
| London, England SW1A 1ER | George Putnam, III | Richard T. Kircher |
| Robert L. Reynolds | Vice President and BSA | |
| Marketing Services | Manoj P. Singh | Compliance Officer |
| Putnam Retail Management | ||
| 100 Federal Street | Officers | Susan G. Malloy |
| Boston, MA 02110 | Robert L. Reynolds | Vice President and |
| President | Assistant Treasurer | |
| Custodian | ||
| State Street Bank | Robert T. Burns | Denere P. Poulack |
| and Trust Company | Vice President and | Assistant Vice President, Assistant |
| Chief Legal Officer | Clerk, and Assistant Treasurer | |
| Legal Counsel | ||
| Ropes & Gray LLP | James F. Clark | Janet C. Smith |
| Vice President, Chief Compliance | Vice President, | |
| Independent Registered Public | Officer, and Chief Risk Officer | Principal Financial Officer, |
| Accounting Firm | Principal Accounting Officer, | |
| PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP | Nancy E. Florek | and Assistant Treasurer |
| Vice President, Director of | ||
| Proxy Voting and Corporate | Mark C. Trenchard | |
| Governance, Assistant Clerk, | Vice President | |
| and Assistant Treasurer |
This report is for the information of shareholders of Putnam Money Market Fund. It may also be used as sales literature when preceded or accompanied by the current prospectus, the most recent copy of Putnam’s Quarterly Performance Summary, and Putnam’s Quarterly Ranking Summary. For more recent performance, please visit putnam.com. Investors should carefully consider the investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses of a fund, which are described in its prospectus. For this and other information or to request a prospectus or summary prospectus, call 1-800-225-1581 toll free. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing. The fund’s Statement of Additional Information contains additional information about the fund’s Trustees and is available without charge upon request by calling 1-800-225-1581.
| Item 2. Code of Ethics: |
| (a) The fund's principal executive, financial and accounting officers are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the Fund's investment manager. As such they are subject to a comprehensive Code of Ethics adopted and administered by Putnam Investments which is designed to protect the interests of the firm and its clients. The Fund has adopted a Code of Ethics which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments with respect to all of its officers and Trustees who are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC. For this reason, the Fund has not adopted a separate code of ethics governing its principal executive, financial and accounting officers. |
| Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert: |
| The Funds' Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee is comprised solely of Trustees who are “independent” (as such term has been defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in regulations implementing Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (the “Regulations”)). The Trustees believe that each of the members of the Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee also possess a combination of knowledge and experience with respect to financial accounting matters, as well as other attributes, that qualify them for service on the Committee. In addition, the Trustees have determined that each of Mr. Patterson, Ms. Baumann and Mr. Singh qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” (as such term has been defined by the Regulations) based on their review of his or her pertinent experience and education. The SEC has stated, and the funds' amended and restated agreement and Declaration of Trust provides, that the designation or identification of a person as an audit committee financial expert pursuant to this Item 3 of Form N-CSR does not impose on such person any duties, obligations or liability that are greater than the duties, obligations and liability imposed on such person as a member of the Audit, Compliance and Distribution Committee and the Board of Trustees in the absence of such designation or identification. |
| Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services: |
| The following table presents fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for services rendered to the fund by the fund's independent auditor: |
| Fiscal year ended | Audit Fees | Audit-Related Fees | Tax Fees | All Other Fees | |
| September 30, 2019 | $76,509 | $ — | $4,365 | $ — | |
| September 30, 2018 | $75,266 | $ — | $4,365 | $1,094 | |
| For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the fund's independent auditor billed aggregate non-audit fees in the amounts of $551,349 and $529,860 respectively, to the fund, Putnam Management and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Putnam Management that provides ongoing services to the fund. |
| Audit Fees represent fees billed for the fund's last two fiscal years relating to the audit and review of the financial statements included in annual reports and registration statements, and other services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. |
| Audit-Related Fees represent fees billed in the fund's last two fiscal years for services traditionally performed by the fund's auditor, including accounting consultation for proposed transactions or concerning financial accounting and reporting standards and other audit or attest services not required by statute or regulation. |
| Tax Fees represent fees billed in the fund's last two fiscal years for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice services. Tax planning and tax advice services include assistance with tax audits, employee benefit plans and requests for rulings or technical advice from taxing authorities. |
| All Other Fees represent fees billed for services relating to an analysis of fund profitability |
| Pre-Approval Policies of the Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee. The Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee of the Putnam funds has determined that, as a matter of policy, all work performed for the funds by the funds' independent auditors will be pre-approved by the Committee itself and thus will generally not be subject to pre-approval procedures. |
| The Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee also has adopted a policy to pre-approve the engagement by Putnam Management and certain of its affiliates of the funds' independent auditors, even in circumstances where pre-approval is not required by applicable law. Any such requests by Putnam Management or certain of its affiliates are typically submitted in writing to the Committee and explain, among other things, the nature of the proposed engagement, the estimated fees, and why this work should be performed by that particular audit firm as opposed to another one. In reviewing such requests, the Committee considers, among other things, whether the provision of such services by the audit firm are compatible with the independence of the audit firm. |
| The following table presents fees billed by the fund's independent auditor for services required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2–01 of Regulation S-X. |
| Fiscal year ended | Audit-Related Fees | Tax Fees | All Other Fees | Total Non-Audit Fees | |
| September 30, 2019 | $ — | $546,984 | $ — | $ — | |
| September 30, 2018 | $ — | $524,401 | $ — | $ — | |
| Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants |
| Not applicable |
Item 6. Schedule of Investments: |
| The registrant's schedule of investments in unaffiliated issuers is included in the report to shareholders in Item 1 above. |
| Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures For Closed-End Management Investment Companies: |
| Not applicable |
Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Investment Companies |
| Not Applicable |
Item 9. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Companies and Affiliated Purchasers: |
| Not applicable |
Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders: |
| Not applicable |
Item 11. Controls and Procedures: |
| (a) The registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded, based on their evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 180 days of the filing date of this report, that the design and operation of such procedures are generally effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the registrant in this report is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms. |
| (b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting: Not applicable |
Item 12. Disclosures of Securities Lending Activities for Closed-End Management Investment Companies: |
| Not Applicable |
Item 13. Exhibits: |
| (a)(1) The Code of Ethics of The Putnam Funds, which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments, is filed herewith. |
| (a)(2) Separate certifications for the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are filed herewith. |
| (b) The certifications required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are filed herewith. |
| SIGNATURES |
| Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. |
| Putnam Money Market Fund |
| By (Signature and Title): |
| /s/ Janet C. Smith Janet C. Smith Principal Accounting Officer |
| Date: November 26, 2019 |
| Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. |
| By (Signature and Title): |
| /s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz Jonathan S. Horwitz Principal Executive Officer |
| Date: November 26, 2019 |
| By (Signature and Title): |
| /s/ Janet C. Smith Janet C. Smith Principal Financial Officer |
| Date: November 26, 2019 |