Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 8. Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows FASB ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures and ASU 2016-1, “Financial Instruments-Overall” (Subtopic 825-10) Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about assets and liabilities carried at fair value. ASC 820-10 establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The three broad levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level I – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date. The type of financial instruments included in Level I are highly liquid cash instruments with quoted prices such as G-7 government, agency securities, listed equities and money market securities, as well as listed derivative instruments.

Level II – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. The nature of these financial instruments include cash instruments for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently, derivative instruments whose fair value have been derived using a model where inputs to the model are directly observable in the market, or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data, and instruments that are fair valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be directly observed. Instruments which are generally included in this category are corporate bonds and loans, mortgage whole loans, municipal bonds, and OTC derivatives.

Level III – Instruments that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These financial instruments do not have two-way markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Instruments that are included in this category generally include municipal securities with no observable fair value with an average life of one year or less. The securities are carried at cost which approximates fair value. A periodic review of underlying financial statements and credit ratings is performed to assess the appropriateness of these valuations.

The results of the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2020, are as follows: 

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

	Securities AFS Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices
			In Active				Significant
			Markets for		Significant		Other
			Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
			(in thousands)
SBA Backed Securities	$	50,615	$	—	$	50,615	$	—
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Mortgage-Backed Securities		206,215		—		206,215		—
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage- Backed Securities		334		—		334		—
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		17,224		—		—		17,224
Other Debt Securities		3,631		—		3,631		—
Total Debt Securities	$	278,019	$	—	$	260,795	$	17,224
Equity Securities	$	1,609	$	243	$	1,366	$	—
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis
Impaired Loans	$	608	$	—	$	—	$	608

Impaired loan balances represent those collateral dependent loans where management has estimated the credit loss by comparing the loan’s carrying value against the expected realizable fair value of the collateral. Fair value is generally determined through a review process that includes independent appraisals, discounted cash flows, or other external assessments of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not observable. The Company discounts the fair values, as appropriate, based on management’s observations of the local real estate market for loans in this category.

Appraisals, discounted cash flows and real estate tax assessments are reviewed quarterly. There is no specific policy regarding how frequently appraisals will be updated. Adjustments are made to appraisals and real estate tax assessments based on management’s estimate of changes in real estate values. All impaired loans have been reviewed during the past quarter using either a discounted cash flow analysis, appraisal of collateral or other type of real estate tax assessment. The types of adjustments that are made to specific provisions related to impaired loans recognized for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 amounted to ($9,000).

The following table presents additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value (dollars in thousands). Management continues to monitor the assumptions used to value the assets listed below.

					Unobservable Input
Asset	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Value or Range
Securities AFS	$	17,224	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	0%-1% (3)
Impaired Loans	$	608	Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)	0%

(1) Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

(2) Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated expenses.

(3) Weighted averages.

The changes in Level 3 securities for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 are shown in the table below:

	Obligations
	Issued by States
	& Political
	Subdivisions
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	13,301
Purchases		9,372
Maturities and calls		(5,449	)
Amortization		—
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	17,224

The amortized cost of Level 3 securities was $17,224,000 at March 31, 2020 with an unrealized loss of $0. The securities in this category are generally municipal securities with no readily determinable fair value. Management evaluated the fair value of these securities based on an evaluation of the underlying issuer, prevailing rates and market liquidity.

The fair value of impaired loans decreased by $269,000, for the first three months of 2020, mainly attributable to one loan that was paid down. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis during the three-month period ended March 31, 2020.

The changes in Level 3 securities for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019, are shown in the table below:

	Obligations
	Issued by States
	& Political
	Subdivisions
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	88,728
Purchases		970
Maturities and calls		(26,352	)
Amortization		(14	)
Changes in fair value		—
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	63,332

The amortized cost of Level 3 securities was $63,332,000 at March 31, 2019 with an unrealized loss of $0. The securities in this category are generally municipal securities with no readily determinable fair value. Management evaluated the fair value of these securities based on an evaluation of the underlying issuer, prevailing rates and market liquidity. There was no change in the fair value of other real estate owned for the first three months of 2019. The fair value of impaired loans decreased by $56,000, for the first three months of 2019, mainly as a result of a charge-off of one loan. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis during the three month period ended March 31, 2019.

The results of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2019, are as follows: 

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

	Securities AFS Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices
			In Active				Significant
			Markets for		Significant		Other
			Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
			(in thousands)
SBA Backed Securities	$	54,211	$	—	$	54,211	$	—
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Mortgage-Backed Securities		184,187		—		184,187		—
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		396		—		396		—
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		18,076		—		4,775		13,301
Other Debt Securities		3,632				3,632		—
Total	$	260,502	$	—	$	247,201	$	13,301
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Equity Securities	$	1,688	$	343	$	1,345	$	—
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis Impaired Loans	$	877	$	—	$	—	$	877

Impaired loan balances in the table above represent those collateral dependent loans where management has estimated the credit loss by comparing the loan’s carrying value against the expected realizable fair value of the collateral. Fair value is generally determined through a review process that includes independent appraisals, discounted cash flows, or other external assessments of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable. The Company discounts the fair values, as appropriate, based on management’s observations of the local real estate market for loans in this category. Appraisals, discounted cash flows and real estate tax assessments are reviewed quarterly. There is no specific policy regarding how frequently appraisals will be updated. Adjustments are made to appraisals and real estate tax assessments based on management’s estimate of changes in real estate values. Within the past twelve months there have been no updated appraisals, however, all impaired loans have been reviewed during the past quarter using either a discounted cash flow analysis or other type of real estate tax assessment. The types of adjustments that are made to specific provisions relate to impaired loans recognized for 2019 for the estimated credit loss amounted to $79,000.

There were no transfers between level 1, 2 and 3 for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2019.

The following table presents additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value (dollars in thousands). Management continues to monitor the assumptions used to value the assets listed below.

					Unobservable Input
Asset	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Value or Range
Securities AFS	$	13,301	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.5%-3.2% (3)
Impaired Loans	$	877	Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)	0%-30% discount

(1) Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

(2) Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated expenses.

(3) Weighted averages.