Other Expense, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Other Expense, net

Other Expense, net

15. Other Expense, net

Other expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 included the following:

	2016		2015		2014
Restructuring, asset impairment and other charges	$	104	$	75	$	68
Intangible amortization expense		39		21		1
Impairment of equity investment		25
Gain on China land compensation		(71)
Royalty income		(13)		(12)		(12)
Strategic transaction costs				23
Acquisition-related fair value intangible adjustments				10
Non-income tax charge						69
Foreign currency exchange loss (gain)		6		(10)		(2)
Other expense (income)		(14)		(12)		24
	$	76	$	95	$	148

In 2016, the Company evaluated the future estimated earnings and cash flow of an equity investment and determined that it was other-than-temporarily impaired. As such, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $25 million to reduce its carrying value down to its estimated fair value. The Company classified the significant assumptions used to determine the fair value of the impaired assets as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy as set forth in the general accounting principles for fair value measurements.

In 2014, the Company recorded a charge of $69 million resulting from a non-income tax assessment from a foreign tax authority.