Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 22, 2023

Registration No. 333-

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
      Washington, D.C. 20549    
FORM S‑3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

THERMOGENESIS HOLDINGS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	94-3018487 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2711 Citrus Road Rancho Cordova, California 95742 (916) 858-5100 (Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices) _____________________________________
Jeffery Cauble Chief Financial Officer 2711 Citrus Road Rancho Cordova, California 95742 (916) 858-5100 (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,  including area code, of agent for service) with a copy to:

Curt P. Creely, Esquire
Foley & Lardner LLP
100 North Tampa Street, Suite 2700
Tampa, Florida 33602
Phone: (813) 229-2300
Fax: (813) 221-4210

_____________________________________

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box: ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box: ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐  Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Registration Statement contains a prospectus and a prospectus supplement, including:

● a base prospectus covering the offering, issuance and sale by us from time to time in one or more offerings of up to $30,000,000 in the aggregate of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, warrants, subscription rights, units, and/or purchase contracts; and

● a prospectus supplement, or the ATM prospectus supplement, covering the offering, issuance and sale by us from time to time of up to a maximum aggregate offering price of $1,288,000 of our common stock that may be issued and sold under an At The Market Offering Agreement, or the Offering Agreement, with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC.

The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus will be specified in a prospectus supplement to the base prospectus. The specific terms of the securities to be issued and sold under the Offering Agreement are specified in the ATM prospectus supplement that immediately follows the base prospectus. The $1,288,000 of common stock that may be offered, issued and sold under the ATM prospectus supplement is included in the $30,000,000 of securities that may be offered, issued and sold by us under the base prospectus. Upon termination of the Offering Agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, any portion of the $1,288,000 included in the ATM prospectus supplement that is not sold pursuant to the Offering Agreement will be available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus and a corresponding prospectus supplement, and if no shares are sold under the Offering Agreement, the full $1,288,000 of securities may be sold in other offerings by us pursuant to the base prospectus and a corresponding prospectus supplement, subject to any applicable limitations set forth herein and therein.

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED NOVEMBER 22, 2023

$30,000,000
Debt Securities
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Subscription Rights
Units
Purchase Contracts
______________

We may offer and sell from time to time up to $30,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, in one or more classes or series and in amounts, at prices and on terms that we will determine at the times of the offerings.

This prospectus describes the general manner in which our securities may be offered using this prospectus. We will provide specific terms of the securities, including the offering prices, in one or more supplements to this prospectus. The supplements may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the prospectus supplement relating to the specific issue of securities carefully before you invest.

We may offer the securities independently or together in any combination for sale directly to purchasers or through underwriters, dealers or agents to be designated at a future date. The supplements to this prospectus will provide the specific terms of the plan of distribution.

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “THMO.” On November 21, 2023, the closing price of one share of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.98 per share.

The aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 was approximately $3,905,015, which was calculated based on 3,136,504 shares of common stock outstanding as of November 17, 2023, of which 327,141 shares were held by affiliates, and a price of $1.39 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on September 28, 2023. We have not offered any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 during the prior 12 calendar month period that ends on, and includes, the date of this prospectus.

Investment in our securities involves risks. Please read carefully the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in any applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material for a discussion of certain factors which should be considered in an investment of the securities which may be offered hereby.

_______________________________

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

_______________________________

The date of this prospectus is     , 2023.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS	i
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	ii
THERMOGENESIS HOLDINGS, INC.	3
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER	5
USE OF PROCEEDS	5
RISK FACTORS	5
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES	6
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK	17
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS	23
DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS	24
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS	25
DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS	25
LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES	25
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION	29
LEGAL MATTERS	31
EXPERTS	31
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION	31

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, sell the securities or combinations of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement and/or other offering material that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement(s) and/or other offering material(s) may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and any other offering material together with additional information described herein under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in any prospectus supplement or other offering material. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making offers to sell or solicitations to buy the securities in any jurisdiction in which an offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making that offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any other offering material, or the information we previously filed with the SEC that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, is accurate as of any date other than its respective date. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

In this prospectus, we frequently use the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “our company,” and the “Company” to refer to ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act”). We have tried, whenever possible, to identify these forward-looking statements using words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “continue,” “plan,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “potential,” “ongoing,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements, whether in the negative or the affirmative. These statements reflect our current beliefs and are based on information currently available to us. Accordingly, such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, such statements. These risks, uncertainties, factors and contingencies include, without limitation:

● the ability to obtain capital and other financing in the amounts and at the times needed to launch new products;

● market acceptance of new products;

● the nature and timing of regulatory approvals for both new products and existing products for which the Company proposes new claims;

● realization of forecasted revenues, expenses and income;

● initiatives by competitors;

● price pressures;

● failure to meet U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) regulated requirements governing the Company’s products and operations (including the potential for product recalls associated with such regulations);

● risks associated with initiating manufacturing for new products;

● failure to meet Foreign Corrupt Practice Act regulations;

● legal proceedings;

● risks associated with expanding into the Company’s new Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization business; and

● other risk factors described from time to time in our reports filed with the SEC.

Forward-looking statements reflect our management’s expectations or predictions of future conditions, events or results based on various assumptions and management’s estimates of trends and economic factors in the markets in which we are active, as well as our business plans. They are not guarantees of future performance. By their nature, forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and financial condition may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results and financial condition indicated in these forward-looking statements. There are a number of factors that could cause actual conditions, events or results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

See an additional discussion under the heading “Risk Factors” in an applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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THERMOGENESIS HOLDINGS, INC.

The information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus summarizes certain information about our company. It may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand this offering fully, you should read carefully the entire prospectus, including “Risk Factors,” and the other information incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

Our Business

We develop, commercialize and market a range of automated technologies for CAR-T and other cell-based therapies. We currently market a full suite of solutions for automated clinical biobanking, point-of-care applications, and automation for immuno-oncology, including our semi-automated, functionally closed CAR-TXpress™ platform, which streamlines the manufacturing process for the emerging CAR-T immunotherapy market. ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. was founded in 1986 and is incorporated in the State of Delaware and headquartered in Rancho Cordova, CA.

Our business involves the manufacturing and related service of cell based medical devices, including the AutoXpress® and BioArchive® platforms for automated clinical bio-banking, PXP® platform for point-of-care cell-based therapies and CAR-TXpress platform for large scale cell manufacturing services. We currently manufacture and market the following products:

Clinical Bio-Banking Applications:

● AXP® II Automated Cell Separation System – an automated, fully closed cell separation system for isolating stem and progenitor cells from umbilical cord blood, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

● BioArchive® Automated Cryopreservation System – an automated, robotic, liquid nitrogen controlled-rate-freezing and cryogenic storage system for cord blood samples and cell therapeutic products used in clinical applications, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

Point-of-Care Applications:

● PXP® Point-of-Care System – an automated, fully closed, sterile system allows for the rapid, automated processing of autologous peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirate derived stem cells at the point-of-care, such as surgical centers or clinics, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

● PXP-LAVARE System – an automated, fully closed system that is designed to wash, re-suspend and volume reduce cell suspensions. It allows for volume manipulation, supernatant or media exchange, and cell washing to occur without comprising cell viabilities and maximizing recoveries, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

● PXP-1000 System – an automated, fully closed system that provides fast, reproducible separation of multiple cellular components from blood with minimal red blood cell contamination, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

Large Scale Cell Processing and Biomanufacturing:

● X-Series® Products for general laboratory use: X-Lab® for cell isolation, X-Wash® System for cell washing and reformulation, X-Mini® for high efficiency small scale cell purification, and X-BACS® System under development for large scale cell purification using our proprietary Buoyancy-Activated Cell Sorting (“BACS”) technology.

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● CAR-TXpress™ Platform for Clinical Manufacturing – a modular designed, functionally closed manufacturing platform that addresses the critical unmet need for large scale cellular processing and chemistry, manufacturing and controls (“CMC”) needs for manufacturing cellular therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (“CAR”) T cell therapies. The CAR-TXpress Platform is owned and developed through a subsidiary CAR-TXpress Bio, Inc. (“CARTXpress Bio”) in which ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. owns 80% of the equity interest.

Contract Development and Manufacturing Services for Cell and Cell-Based Gene Therapies

We expanded our business to include contract development and manufacturing services for cell and cell-based gene therapies. We are in the process of building out the capabilities to become a world-class Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) for cell and cell-based gene therapies. We are rolling out a new facility in the Sacramento metro area, containing a total of 12, class-7, ReadyStart cGMP Suites available for lease by early-stage life science and cell gene therapy companies. The ReadyStart Suites are located in a 35,500+ square foot cGMP facility that will meet the highest scientific, quality, and regulatory requirements. We intend to leverage our existing technology and combine it with the in-licensed technologies to develop a proprietary manufacturing platform for cell manufacturing activities.

We will operate our new CDMO business through a newly formed division named TG BiosynthesisTM. It is anticipated that TG Biosynthesis will provide high-quality development and manufacturing capabilities, cell and tissue processing development, quality systems, regulatory compliance, and other cell manufacturing solutions for clients with therapeutic candidates in various stages of development.

The CDMO facility was completed in October 2023. The development and launch of TG Biosynthesis will require us to acquire various equipment for the planned operations, hire certain personnel needed to launch the operation, and timely complete the build-out of our leased Sacramento facility. There is no assurance that we will be able to successfully obtain such additional capital resources, as such capital may not be available on reasonable terms, or available at all. We will need to hire, train, and retain additional employees who have experience in the cell manufacturing field in order for our CDMO business to be successful.

Corporate Information

We are a Delaware corporation and our corporate headquarters is located at 2711 Citrus Road, Rancho Cordova, California 95742. Our telephone number is (916) 858-5100. Our Internet website address is www.thermogenesis.com. The information contained in, and that which can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated into and does not form a part of this prospectus.

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

We may offer under this prospectus up to $30,000,000 of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, subscription rights, units and purchase contracts in one or more offerings and in any combination from time to time as described below.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. A prospectus supplement, which we will provide each time we offer securities, will describe the specific amounts, prices and terms of these securities. Each time we offer a type or series of securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise described in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities for working capital and for general corporate purposes. Pending any use, as described above, we intend to invest the net proceeds in high-quality, short-term, interest-bearing securities.

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, as well as other information we include or incorporate by reference into this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, before making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by the materialization of any of these risks. The trading price of our securities could decline due to the materialization of any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference also contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described in the documents incorporated herein by reference, including in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K.

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

The following description of the terms of the debt securities sets forth general terms that may apply to the debt securities and provisions of the indentures that will govern the debt securities, and is not complete. We will describe the particular terms of any debt securities in the prospectus supplement relating to those debt securities.

The debt securities will be either our senior debt securities or our subordinated debt securities. Senior debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and a U.S. banking institution named as trustee in a prospectus supplement, a form of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The indenture relating to the senior debt securities, as amended or otherwise supplemented by any supplemental indentures, is referred to in this prospectus as the senior indenture. Subordinated debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and a U.S. banking institution named as trustee in a prospectus supplement, a form of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The indenture relating to the subordinated debt securities, as amended or otherwise supplemented by any supplemental indentures, is referred to in this prospectus as the subordinated indenture. The senior indenture and the subordinated indenture are sometimes referred to in this prospectus collectively as the indentures, and each individually, as an indenture.

The following summaries of the material provisions of the indentures and the debt securities do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indentures, including the definitions of specified terms used in the indentures, and the debt securities.

General Terms

Neither indenture limits the amount of debt securities that we may issue. Each indenture provides that debt securities may be issued up to the principal amount authorized by us from time to time. The senior debt securities will be unsecured and will have the same rank as all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be unsecured and will be subordinated to all senior indebtedness as set forth below. None of our subsidiaries will have any obligations with respect to the debt securities. Therefore, our rights and the rights of our creditors, including holders of senior debt securities and subordinated debt securities, to participate in the assets of any subsidiary will be subject to the prior claims of the creditors of our subsidiaries.

We may issue the debt securities in one or more separate series of senior debt securities and/or subordinated debt securities. The prospectus supplement relating to the particular series of debt securities being offered will specify the particular amounts, prices and terms of those debt securities. These terms may include:

● the title of the debt securities and the series in which the debt securities will be included;

● the authorized denominations and aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

● the date or dates on which the principal and premium, if any, are payable;

● the rate or rates per annum at which the debt securities will bear interest, if there is any interest, or the method or methods of calculating interest and the date from which interest will accrue;

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● the place or places where the principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities will be payable;

● the dates on which the interest will be payable and the corresponding record dates;

● the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and the terms and conditions on which, the debt securities may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option;

● any obligation to redeem, repay or purchase debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder;

● the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of the acceleration of the maturity of the debt securities;

● the person to whom any interest on any debt security will be payable if other than the person in whose name the debt security is registered on the applicable record date;

● any events of default, covenants or warranties applicable to the debt securities;

● if applicable, provisions related to the issuance of debt securities in book-entry form;

● the currency, currencies or composite currency of denomination of the debt securities;

● the currency, currencies or composite currencies in which payments on the debt securities will be payable and whether the holder may elect payment to be made in a different currency;

● whether and under what conditions we will pay additional amounts to holders of the debt securities;

● the terms and conditions of any conversion or exchange provisions in respect of the debt securities;

● the terms pursuant to which our obligation under the indenture may be terminated through the deposit of money or government obligations;

● whether the debt securities will be subordinated in right of payment to senior indebtedness and the terms of any such subordination; and

● any other specific terms of the debt securities not inconsistent with the applicable indenture.

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, we will issue the debt securities in fully registered form without coupons. If we issue debt securities of any series in bearer form, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the special restrictions and considerations, including special offering restrictions and special federal income tax considerations, applicable to those debt securities and to payment on and transfer and exchange of those debt securities.

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U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

We may issue the debt securities as original issue discount securities, bearing no interest or bearing interest at a rate, which, at the time of issuance, is below market rates, to be sold at a substantial discount below their principal amount. We will describe some special U.S. federal income tax and other considerations applicable to any debt securities that are issued as original issue discount securities in the applicable prospectus supplement. We encourage you to consult with your own competent tax and financial advisors on these important matters.

Payment, Registration, Transfer and Exchange

Subject to any applicable laws or regulations, we will make payments on the debt securities at a designated office or agency, unless the applicable prospectus supplement otherwise sets forth. At our option, however, we may also make interest payments on the debt securities in registered form:

● by checks mailed to the persons entitled to interest payments at their registered addresses; or

● by wire transfer to an account maintained by the person entitled to interest payments as specified in the security register.

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement otherwise indicates, we will pay any installment of interest on debt securities in registered form to the person in whose name the debt security is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for that installment of interest. If a holder wishes to receive a payment by wire transfer, the holder should provide the paying agent with written wire transfer instructions at least 15 days prior to the payment date.

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement otherwise sets forth, debt securities issued in registered form will be transferable or exchangeable at the agency we may designate from time to time. Debt securities may be transferred or exchanged without service charge, other than any tax or other governmental charge imposed in connection with the transfer or exchange.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale by the Company

Each indenture generally permits a consolidation or merger between us and another U.S. corporation. It also permits the sale or transfer by us of all or substantially all of our property and assets and the purchase by us of all or substantially all of the property and assets of another corporation. These transactions are permitted if:

● the resulting or acquiring corporation, if other than us, assumes all of our responsibilities and liabilities under the indenture, including the payment of all amounts due on the debt securities and performance of the covenants in the indenture; and

● immediately after the transaction, no event of default exists.

Even though each indenture contains the provisions described above, we are not required by either indenture to comply with those provisions if we sell all of our property and assets to another U.S. corporation if, immediately after the sale, that corporation is one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

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If we consolidate or merge with or into any other corporation or sell all or substantially all of our assets according to the terms and conditions of each indenture, the resulting or acquiring corporation will be substituted for us in the indentures with the same effect as if it had been an original party to the indentures. As a result, the successor corporation may exercise our rights and powers under each indenture, in our name or in its own name and we will be released from all our liabilities and obligations under each indenture and under the debt securities.

Events of Default, Notice and Certain Rights on Default

Unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement, an “event of default,” when used with respect to any series of debt securities, means any of the following:

● failure to pay interest on any debt security of that series for 30 days after the payment is due;

● failure to pay the principal of or any premium on any debt security of that series when due;

● failure to deposit any sinking fund payment on debt securities of that series when due;

● failure to perform any other covenant in the applicable indenture that applies to debt securities of that series for 90 days after we have received written notice of the failure to perform in the manner specified in the indenture;

● certain events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization; or

● any other event of default that may be specified for the debt securities of that series when that series is created.

If an event of default for any series of debt securities occurs and continues, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the series may declare the entire principal of all the debt securities of that series to be due and payable immediately. If a declaration occurs, the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series can, subject to certain conditions, rescind the declaration.

The prospectus supplement relating to each series of debt securities which are original issue discount securities will describe the particular provisions that relate to the acceleration of maturity of a portion of the principal amount of that series when an event of default occurs and continues.

An event of default for a particular series of debt securities does not necessarily constitute an event of default for any other series of debt securities issued under either indenture.

Each indenture requires us to file an officers’ certificate with the trustee each year that states that certain defaults do not exist under the terms of the indenture. The trustee will transmit by mail to the holders of debt securities of a series notice of any default.

Other than its duties in the case of a default, a trustee is not obligated to exercise any of its rights or powers under an indenture at the request, order or direction of any holders, unless the holders offer the trustee indemnification satisfactory to the trustee. If indemnification satisfactory to the trustee is provided, then, subject to certain other rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may, with respect to the debt securities of that series, direct the time, method and place of:

● conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee; or

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● exercising any trust or power conferred upon the trustee.

The holder of a debt security of any series will have the right to begin any proceeding with respect to the applicable indenture or for any remedy only if:

● the holder has previously given the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;

● the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made a written request of, and offered reasonable indemnification to, the trustee to begin the proceeding;

● the trustee has not started the proceeding within 60 days after receiving the request; and

● the trustee has not received directions inconsistent with the request from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series during those 60 days.

The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of any series of debt securities, by notice to the trustee for that series, may waive, on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series, any past default or event of default with respect to that series and its consequences. A default or event of default in the payment of the principal of, or premium or interest on, any debt security and certain other defaults may not, however, be waived.

Modification of the Indentures

We, as well as the trustee for a series of debt securities, may enter into one or more supplemental indentures, without the consent of the holders of any of the debt securities, in order to:

● evidence the succession of another corporation to us and the assumption of our covenants by a successor;

● add to our covenants or surrender any of our rights or powers;

● add additional events of default for any series;

● add, change or eliminate any provision affecting debt securities that are not yet issued;

● secure the debt securities;

● establish the form or terms of debt securities not yet issued;

● evidence and provide for successor trustees;

● add, change or eliminate any provision affecting registration as to principal of debt securities;

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● permit the exchange of debt securities;

● change or eliminate restrictions on payment in respect of debt securities;

● change or eliminate provisions or add any other provisions that are required or desirable in accordance with any amendments to the Trust Indenture Act, on the condition that this action does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series issued under the indenture in any material respect; or

● cure any ambiguity or correct any mistake.

In addition, with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series affected by the supplemental indenture, we and the trustee may execute supplemental indentures adding any provisions to or changing or eliminating any of the provisions of the applicable indenture or any supplemental indenture or modifying the rights of the holders of debt securities of that series. No such supplemental indenture may, however, without the consent of the holder of each debt security that is affected:

● change the time for payment of principal or interest on any debt security;

● reduce the principal of, or any installment of principal of, or interest on, any debt security;

● reduce the amount of premium, if any, payable upon the redemption of any debt security;

● reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of an original issue discount debt security;

● impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or for any debt security;

● reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series the consent of whose holders is required for modification or amendment of the indenture or for waiver of compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or for waiver of certain defaults;

● modify the provisions relating to waiver of some defaults or any of the foregoing provisions;

● change the currency of payment;

● adversely affect the right to repayment of debt securities of any series at the option of the holders of those debt securities; or

● change the place of payment.

Any supplemental indenture will be filed with the SEC as an exhibit to:

● a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part;

● an annual report on Form 10-K;

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● a quarterly report on Form 10-Q; or

● a current report on Form 8-K.

Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

When we use the term defeasance, we mean discharge from some or all of our obligations under an indenture. If we deposit with the trustee sufficient cash or government obligations to pay the principal, interest, any premium and any mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments due to the stated maturity or a redemption date of the debt securities of a particular series, then at our option:

● we will be discharged from our obligations for the debt securities of that series, the holders of the debt securities of the affected series will no longer be entitled to the benefits of the indenture, except for registration of transfer and exchange of debt securities and replacement of lost, stolen or mutilated debt securities, and those holders may look only to the deposited funds or obligations for payment, which is referred to as “defeasance”; or

● we will no longer be under any obligation to comply with certain covenants under the applicable indenture as it relates to that series, and some events of default will no longer apply to us, which is referred to as “covenant defeasance.”

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise and except as described below, the conditions to both defeasance and covenant defeasance are as follows:

● it must not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default or event of default under, the applicable indenture, or result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other of our material agreements or instruments;

● certain bankruptcy-related defaults or events of default with respect to us must not have occurred and be occurring during the period commencing on the date of the deposit of the trust funds to defease the debt securities and ending on the 91st day after that date;

● we must deliver to the trustee an officer’s certificate and an opinion of counsel addressing compliance with the conditions of the defeasance or covenant defeasance; and

● we must comply with any additional conditions to the defeasance or covenant defeasance that the applicable indenture may impose on us.

In the event that government obligations deposited with the trustee for the defeasance of such debt securities decrease in value or default subsequent to their being deposited, we will have no further obligation, and the holders of the debt securities will have no additional recourse against us, for any decrease in value or default. If indicated in the prospectus supplement, in addition to obligations of the U.S. or an agency or instrumentality of the U.S., government obligations may include obligations of the government or an agency or instrumentality of the government issuing the currency in which debt securities of such series are payable.

We may exercise our defeasance option for the debt securities even if we have already exercised our covenant defeasance option. If we exercise our defeasance option, payment of the debt securities may not be accelerated because of default or an event of default. If we exercise our covenant defeasance option, payment of the debt securities may not be accelerated because of default or an event of default with respect to the covenants to which the covenant defeasance is applicable. If, however, acceleration occurs, the realizable value at the acceleration date of the money and government obligations in the defeasance trust could be less than the principal and interest then due on the debt securities, because the required deposit in the defeasance trust is based on scheduled cash flow rather than market value, which will vary depending on interest rates and other factors.

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Conversion and Exchange Rights

The debt securities of any series may be convertible into or exchangeable for other securities of our company or another issuer or property or cash on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Governing Law

The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by, and construed under, the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof.

Regarding the Trustee

We may from time to time maintain lines of credit, and have other customary banking relationships, with the trustee under the senior indenture or the trustee under the subordinated indenture.

The indentures and provisions of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, which we refer to in this prospectus as the Trust Indenture Act, that are incorporated by reference therein, contain limitations on the rights of the trustee, should it become one of our creditors, to obtain payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain property received by it in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The trustee is permitted to engage in other transactions with us or any of our affiliates; provided, however, that if it acquires any conflicting interest (as defined under the Trust Indenture Act), it must eliminate such conflict or resign.

Additional Terms Applicable to Subordinated Debt Securities

The subordinated debt securities will be unsecured. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate to the prior payment in full in cash of all senior indebtedness.

The term “senior indebtedness” is defined as:

● any of our indebtedness, whether outstanding on the issue date of the subordinated debt securities of a series or incurred later;

● accrued and unpaid interest, including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization relating to us to the extent post-filing interest is allowed in such proceeding, in respect of:

● our indebtedness for money borrowed; and

● indebtedness evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar instruments for the payment of which we are responsible or liable;

● contingent reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit issued or supported by our working capital lenders for our account; and

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● obligations, liabilities, fees and expenses that we owe to our working capital lenders;

unless the instrument creating or evidencing these obligations provides that these obligations are not senior or prior in right of payment to the subordinated debt securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “senior indebtedness” will not include:

● any of our obligations to our subsidiaries;

● any liability for Federal, state, local or other taxes that we owe;

● any accounts payable or other liability to trade creditors arising in the ordinary course of business, including guarantees of these obligations or instruments evidencing such liabilities;

● any of our indebtedness, and any accrued and unpaid interest in respect of our indebtedness, that is subordinate or junior in any respect to any other of our indebtedness or other obligations; or

● the subordinated debt securities.

There is no limitation on our ability to issue additional senior indebtedness. The senior debt securities constitute senior indebtedness under the subordinated indenture.

Under the subordinated indenture, no payment may be made on the subordinated debt securities and no purchase, redemption or retirement of any subordinated debt securities may be made in the event:

● any senior indebtedness is not paid in full in cash when due; or

● the maturity of any senior indebtedness is accelerated as a result of a default, unless the default has been cured or waived and the acceleration has been rescinded or that senior indebtedness has been paid in full in cash.

We may, however, pay the subordinated debt securities without regard to the above restriction if the representatives of the holders of the applicable senior indebtedness approve the payment in writing to us and the trustee.

The representatives of the holders of senior indebtedness may notify us and the trustee in writing (a “payment blockage notice”) of a default which can result in the acceleration of that senior indebtedness’ maturity without further notice, except such notice as may be required to effect such acceleration, or the expiration of any grace periods. In this event, we may not pay the subordinated debt securities for 179 days after receipt of that notice. The payment blockage period will end earlier if such payment blockage period is terminated:

● by written notice to the trustee and us from the person or persons who gave such payment blockage notice;

● because the default giving rise to such payment blockage notice is cured, waived or otherwise no longer continuing; or

● because such senior debt has been discharged or repaid in full in cash.

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the holders of senior indebtedness or their representatives have not accelerated the maturity of the senior indebtedness at the end of the 179-day period, we may resume payments on the subordinated debt securities. Not more than one payment blockage notice may be given in any consecutive 360-day period, irrespective of the number of defaults with respect to senior indebtedness during that period. No default existing on the beginning date of any payment blockage period initiated by a person or persons may be the basis of a subsequent payment blockage period with respect to the senior indebtedness held by that person unless that default has been cured or waived for a period of not fewer than 90 consecutive days.

If we pay or distribute our assets to creditors upon a total or partial liquidation, dissolution or reorganization of or similar proceeding relating to us or our property, then:

● the holders of senior indebtedness will be entitled to receive payment in full in cash of the senior indebtedness before the holders of subordinated debt securities are entitled to receive any payment; and

● until the senior indebtedness is paid in full in cash, any payment or distribution to which holders of subordinated debt securities would be entitled but for the subordination provisions of the subordinated indenture will be made to holders of the senior indebtedness, except that holders of subordinated debt securities may receive certain capital stock and subordinated debt.

If a distribution is made to holders of subordinated debt securities that, due to the subordination provisions, should not have been made to them, those holders of subordinated debt securities are required to hold it in trust for the holders of senior indebtedness, and pay it over to them as their interests may appear.

After all senior indebtedness is paid in full and until the subordinated debt securities are paid in full, holders of subordinated debt securities will be subrogated to the rights of holders of senior indebtedness to receive distributions applicable to such senior indebtedness.

As a result of the subordination provisions contained in the subordinated indenture, in the event of insolvency, our creditors who are holders of senior indebtedness may recover more, ratably, than the holders of subordinated debt securities. In addition, our creditors who are not holders of senior indebtedness may recover less, ratably, than holders of senior indebtedness and may recover more, ratably, than the holders of subordinated indebtedness. Furthermore, claims of our subsidiaries’ creditors generally will have priority with respect to the assets and earnings of the subsidiaries over the claims of our creditors, including holders of the subordinated debt securities, even though those obligations may not constitute senior indebtedness. The subordinated debt securities, therefore, will be effectively subordinated to creditors, including trade creditors, of our subsidiaries. It is important to keep this in mind if you decide to hold our subordinated debt securities.

The terms of the subordination provisions described above will not apply to payments from money or the proceeds of government securities held in trust by the trustee for any series of subordinated debt securities for the payment of principal and interest on such subordinated debt securities pursuant to the defeasance procedures described under “Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance.”

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Book-Entry Delivery and Settlement

We may issue the debt securities in whole or in part in the form of one or more global certificates or notes, which we refer to as global securities, that we will deposit with a depository or its nominee that we identify in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We will describe the specific terms of the depository arrangement covering the debt securities in the prospectus supplement relating to that series. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depository arrangements.

Upon the issuance of the debt securities in the form of one or more global securities, the depository or its custodian will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the number of shares or principal amount of securities of the individual beneficial interests represented by these global securities to the respective accounts of persons who have accounts with the depository. Ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities will be shown on, and the transfer of this ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by the depository or its nominee with respect to interests of participants and the records of participants with respect to interests of persons other than participants. These accounts initially will be designated by or on behalf of the underwriters, initial purchasers or agents, or by us if we offer and sell the debt securities directly, and ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities will be limited to participants or persons who hold interests through participants. Qualified institutional buyers may hold their interests in the global securities directly through the depository if they are participants in this system, or indirectly through organizations which are participants in this system. The laws of some states of the U.S. may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of the debt securities in definitive registered form. These limits and the laws may impair your ability to own, transfer or pledge interests in the global securities.

So long as the depository, or its nominee, is the registered owner or holder of the debt securities, the depository or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by the global securities for all purposes. No beneficial owner of an interest in the global securities will be able to transfer that interest except in accordance with the depository’s procedures.

We will make dividend payments on, or payments of the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, the global securities to the depository or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the global securities. We will not have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the global securities or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial ownership interest.

We expect that the depository or its nominee, upon receipt of any dividend payment on, or payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, the global securities, will credit participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the debt securities as shown on the records of the depository or its nominee. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in the global securities held through the participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practice, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers registered in the names of nominees for their customers. These payments will be the responsibility of the participants. Transfers between participants in the depository will be effected in the ordinary way through the depository’s settlement system in accordance with the depository rules and will be settled in same day funds.

We will issue securities in certificated form in exchange for global securities (subject, in the case of the third bullet point, to the procedures of the depository) if:

● the depository notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a depository for the global securities or ceases to be a “clearing agency” registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and a successor depository is not appointed by us within 90 days of the notice;

● an event of default under the instrument governing the debt securities has occurred and is continuing; or

● we determine that the debt securities will no longer be represented by global securities.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following descriptions are summaries of the material terms of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (“Certificate of Incorporation”), and our Amended and Restated Bylaws (“Bylaws”). Reference is made to the more detailed provisions of, and the descriptions are qualified in their entirety by reference to, the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, forms of which are filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and applicable law.

General

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that we may issue up to 350,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, up to 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, $0.001 par value, and up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value. As of November 17, 2023, there were 3,136,504 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of our Class B common stock or preferred stock issued and outstanding.

Common Stock

Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders, except matters that relate only to any outstanding series of preferred stock that the Company may designate in the future. No holder has any cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they so choose.

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably, on a share-for-share basis as if all shares of common stock and Class B common stock were of a single class, those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds; provided, however, that any dividends payable in shares of common stock or Class B common stock (or payable in rights to subscribe for or to purchase shares of common stock or Class B common stock) shall be declared and paid at the same rate on each class of common stock, and Class B common stock and any dividends payable in shares of common stock (or payable in rights to subscribe for or to purchase shares of common stock) shall only be paid to holders of common stock and dividends payable in shares of Class B common stock (or rights to subscribe for or to purchase shares of Class B common stock) shall only be paid to holders of Class B common stock.

In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably, on a share-for-share basis as if all shares of common stock and Class B common stock were of a single class, in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of the debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Holders of common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock.  The rights, preferences, and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

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Class B Common Stock

Except as otherwise required by law, the holders of Class B common stock shall not be entitled to vote on any matter submitted to a vote of our stockholders. 

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of Class B common stock are entitled to receive ratably, on a share-for-share basis as if all shares of Class B common stock and common stock were of a single class, those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds; provided, however, that any dividends payable in shares of Class B common stock or common stock (or payable in rights to subscribe for or to purchase shares of Class B common stock or common stock) shall be declared and paid at the same rate on each class of Class B common stock and common stock, and any dividends payable in shares of common stock (or payable in rights to subscribe for or to purchase shares of common stock) shall only be paid to holders of common stock and dividends payable in shares of Class B common stock (or rights to subscribe for or to purchase shares of Class B common stock) shall only be paid to holders of Class B common stock.

In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of Class B common stock will be entitled to share ratably, on a share-for-share basis as if all shares of Class B common stock and common stock were of a single class, in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of the debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Holders of Class B common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Class B common stock.  The rights, preferences, and privileges of the holders of Class B common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

Preferred Stock

Under the terms of our Certificate of Incorporation, the board of directors is authorized, subject to any limitations prescribed by law, without stockholder approval, to issue such shares of preferred stock in one or more series. Each such series of preferred stock shall have such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, as shall be determined by the board of directors.

The purpose of authorizing the board of directors to issue preferred stock and determine its rights and preferences is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

The effects of issuing preferred stock could include one or more of the following:

● decreasing the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of common stock;

● restricting dividends on the common stock;

● diluting the voting power of the common stock;

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● impairing the liquidation rights of the common stock; or

● delaying, deferring or preventing changes in our control or management.

As of the date of this prospectus, there are no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

Effect of Certain Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and the Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Some provisions of Delaware law and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that could make the following transactions more difficult:

● acquisition of us by means of a tender offer;

● acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or

● removal of our incumbent officers and directors.

These provisions, summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to promote stability in our management. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors.

● Undesignated Preferred Stock. The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change control of us. These and other provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of our company.

● Stockholder Meetings. Our Bylaws provide that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the board of directors.

● Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals. Our Bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of our board of directors or a committee of the board of directors.

● Board of Directors Vacancies. Under our Bylaws, any vacancy on the board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the board of directors, may be filled by vote of a majority of the remaining directors. The stockholders may elect a director or directors at any time to fill any vacancy or vacancies not filled by the directors.

● Board of Directors Size. Under our Bylaws, the board of directors has the power to set the size of the board. The ability to increase or decrease the size of the board in conjunction with the other provisions above could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of the Company.

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Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”). This law prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:

● prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

● upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

● on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines “business combination” to include:

● any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

● any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of our assets involving the interested stockholder;

● in general, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by us of any of our stock to the interested stockholder; or

● the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 of the DGCL defines an “interested stockholder” as an entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by the entity or person.

Exclusive Venue for Certain Actions

Our Bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative venue, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive venue for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, employees or agents to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. This choice of venue provision will not apply to actions or proceedings brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

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This choice of venue provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring certain claims in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents, which may discourage the filing of lawsuits with respect to such claims. If a court were to find this choice of venue provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in another jurisdiction, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

Limitation of Liability

The DGCL permits Delaware corporations to eliminate or limit the monetary liability of directors for breach of their fiduciary duty of care, subject to limitations. Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that our directors shall not be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such exemption or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or may hereafter be amended.

The DGCL provides for indemnification of directors, officers, employees and agents, subject to limitations. Both our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws provide for the indemnification of our directors, officers, employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Our directors and officers also are insured against certain liabilities for actions taken in such capacities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

Section 145(a) of the DGCL provides that a Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, if such person had no cause to believe the conduct was unlawful.

Section 145(b) of the DGCL provides that a Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person acted in any of the capacities set forth above, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted under similar standards to those set forth above, except that no indemnification may be made in respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine that despite the adjudication of liability, but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to be indemnified for such expenses which the court shall deem proper.

Section 145 of the DGCL further provides that to the extent a director or officer of a corporation has been successful in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsection (a) and (b) or in the defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith; that indemnification provided for by Section 145 shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the indemnified party may be entitled; and that the corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of a director or officer of the corporation against any liability asserted against such officer or director and incurred by such person in any such capacity or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liabilities under Section 145.

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As permitted by Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL, our Certificate of Incorporation provides that none of our directors shall be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. However, this provision does not eliminate or limit the liability of a director for acts or omissions not in good faith or for breaching such person’s duty of loyalty, engaging in intentional misconduct or knowingly violating the law, paying a dividend or approving a stock repurchase which was illegal, or obtaining an improper personal benefit. A provision of this type has no effect on the availability of equitable remedies, such as injunction or rescission, for breach of fiduciary duty.

We have a policy of directors’ liability insurance that insures the directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a judgment under certain circumstances.

We believe that the foregoing policies and provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws are necessary to attract and retain qualified officers and directors. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted with respect to our directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “THMO.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Investor Services, LLC, 350 Indiana Street, Suite 750, Golden, CO 80401.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

We may issue warrants in the future for the purchase of debt securities, common stock or other securities. Warrants may be issued independently or together with debt securities or common stock offered by any prospectus supplement and/or other offering material and may be attached to or separate from any such offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and the warrant holder, with the option to also utilize a bank or trust company, as warrant agent, all as will be set forth in the prospectus supplement and/or other offering material relating to the particular issue of warrants. The warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of warrants or beneficial owners of warrants.

The following summary of certain provisions of the warrants we may issue in the future does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, all provisions of the warrant agreements.

Reference is made to the prospectus supplement and/or other offering material relating to the particular issue of warrants offered pursuant to such prospectus supplement and/or other offering material for the terms of and information relating to such warrants, including, where applicable:

● the designation, aggregate principal amount, currencies, denominations and terms of the series of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of warrants to purchase debt securities and the price at which such debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

● the number of shares of common stock purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase common stock and the price at which such number of shares of common stock may be purchased upon such exercise;

● the designation and number of units of other securities purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase other securities and the price at which such number of units of such other securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

● the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire;

● U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to such warrants;

● the amount of warrants outstanding as of the most recent practicable date; and

● any other terms of such warrants.

The exercise price for warrants will be subject to adjustment in accordance with the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material.

Each warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase such principal amount of debt securities or such number of shares of common stock or other securities at such exercise price as shall in each case be set forth in, or calculable from, the prospectus supplement and/or other offering material relating to the warrants, which exercise price may be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in such prospectus supplement and/or other offering material. After the close of business on the expiration date, or such later date to which such expiration date may be extended by us, unexercised warrants will become void. The place or places where, and the manner in which, warrants may be exercised shall be specified in the prospectus supplement and/or other offering material relating to such warrants.

Prior to the exercise of any warrants to purchase debt securities, common stock or other securities, holders of such warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of debt securities, common stock or other securities, as the case may be, purchasable upon such exercise of the warrants, including the right to receive payments of principal of, premium, if any, or interest, if any, on the debt securities purchasable upon such exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture, or to receive payments of dividends, if any, on the common stock purchasable upon such exercise, or to exercise any applicable right to vote.

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DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS

We may issue subscription rights to purchase debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, other securities described in this prospectus or any combination thereof. These subscription rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered by us and may or may not be transferable by the securityholder receiving the subscription rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of subscription rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other investors pursuant to which the underwriters or other investors may be required to purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.

To the extent appropriate, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of the subscription rights to purchase shares of our securities offered thereby, including the following:

● the date of determining the securityholders entitled to the subscription rights distribution;

● the price, if any, for the subscription rights;

● the exercise price payable for the debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or other securities upon the exercise of the subscription rights;

● the number of subscription rights issued to each securityholder;

● the amount of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or other securities that may be purchased per each subscription right;

● any provisions for adjustment of the amount of securities receivable upon exercise of the subscription rights or of the exercise price of the subscription rights;

● the extent to which the subscription rights are transferable;

● the date on which the right to exercise the subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which the subscription rights will expire;

● the extent to which the subscription rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities;

● the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by us in connection with the offering of subscription rights;

● any applicable U.S. federal income tax considerations; and

● any other terms of the subscription rights, including the terms, procedures and limitations relating to the transferability, exchange and exercise of the subscription rights.

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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

We may issue units consisting of one or more purchase contracts, warrants, shares of preferred stock, shares of common stock, debt securities or any combination of such securities. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances the securities comprising the units may be traded separately. You should read the particular terms of the documents pursuant to which the units will be issued, which will be described in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement.

DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS

We may issue purchase contracts obligating holders to purchase from us, and us to sell to the holders, debt securities, common stock or preferred stock. The purchase contracts may require us to make periodic payments to the holders of purchase contracts. These payments may be unsecured or prefunded on a basis to be specified in the prospectus supplement relating to the purchase contracts.

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any purchase contract. The purchase contracts will be issued pursuant to documents to be issued by us. You should read the particular terms of such documents, which will be described in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement.

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

We may issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names, as “indirect holders” of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

Book-Entry Holders

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Global securities will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for global securities, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

As a result, investors in a global security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not legal holders, of the securities.

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Street Name Holders

We may terminate a global security or issue securities that are not issued in global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in “street name.” Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.

For securities held in street name, we or any applicable trustee or depositary will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we or any such trustee or depositary will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not legal holders, of those securities.

Legal Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee or third party employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with its participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so.

Special Considerations for Indirect Holders

If you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form because the securities are represented by one or more global securities or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:

● how it handles securities payments and notices;

● whether it imposes fees or charges;

● how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;

● whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a legal holder, if that is permitted in the future;

● how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and

● if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

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Global Securities

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we issue to, deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, known as DTC, will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under the heading “– Special Situations When A Global Security Will Be Terminated.” As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and legal holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a legal holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued as a global security, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

Special Considerations For Global Securities

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

If securities are issued only as global securities, an investor should be aware of the following:

● an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;

● an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;

● an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;

27

● an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in the global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;

● the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in the global security. We and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in the global security. We and the trustee also do not supervise the depositary in any way;

● the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in the global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and

● financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in the global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities. There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

Special Situations When A Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, a global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own names, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, a global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

● if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;

● if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

● if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

The applicable prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell securities in any one or more of the following ways from time to time: (i) through agents; (ii) to or through underwriters; (iii) through brokers or dealers; (iv) directly by us to purchasers, including through a specific bidding, auction or other process; (v) through the distribution of subscription rights; (vi) in “at the market offerings” to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, or a securities exchange or otherwise; or (vii) through a combination of any of these methods of sale. The applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material will contain the terms of the transaction, name or names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents and the respective amounts of securities underwritten or purchased by them, the initial public offering price of the securities, and the applicable agent’s commission, dealer’s purchase price or underwriter’s discount. Any dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts.

Any initial offering price, dealer purchase price, discount or commission may be changed from time to time.

The securities may be distributed from time to time in one or more transactions, at negotiated prices, at a fixed price or fixed prices (that may be subject to change), at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at various prices determined at the time of sale or at prices related to prevailing market prices.

Offers to purchase securities may be solicited directly by us or by agents designated by us from time to time. Any such agent may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities so offered and sold.

If underwriters are utilized in the sale of any securities in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, such securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at fixed public offering prices or at varying prices determined by the underwriters at the time of sale. Securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or directly by one or more underwriters. If any underwriter or underwriters are utilized in the sale of securities, unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material, the obligations of the underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all such securities if any are purchased.

If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will sell such securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell such securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale. Transactions through brokers or dealers may include block trades in which brokers or dealers will attempt to sell shares as agent but may position and resell as principal to facilitate the transaction or in cross trades, in which the same broker or dealer acts as agent on both sides of the trade. Any such dealer may be deemed to be an underwriter, as such term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities so offered and sold.

Offers to purchase securities may be solicited directly by us and the sale thereof may be made by us directly to institutional investors or others, who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale thereof.

If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material, we may authorize agents and underwriters to solicit offers from certain institutions to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material. Such delayed delivery contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material.

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Agents, underwriters and broker-dealers may be entitled under relevant agreements with us to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which such agents, underwriters and dealers may be required to make in respect thereof. The terms and conditions of any indemnification or contribution will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material.

We may also sell shares of our common stock through various arrangements involving mandatorily or optionally exchangeable securities, and this prospectus may be delivered in connection with those sales.

We may enter into derivative, sale or forward sale transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material indicates, in connection with those transactions, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material, including in short sale transactions and by issuing securities not covered by this prospectus but convertible into, or exchangeable for or representing beneficial interests in such securities covered by this prospectus, or the return of which is derived in whole or in part from the value of such securities. The third parties may use securities received under derivative, sale or forward sale transactions, or securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those transactions to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment) and/or other offering material.

Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may receive compensation in the form of commissions, discounts or concessions from us. Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may also receive compensation from the purchasers of shares for whom they act as agents or to whom they sell as principals, or both. Compensation as to a particular underwriter, broker-dealer or agent might be in excess of customary commissions and will be in amounts to be negotiated in connection with transactions involving shares. In effecting sales, broker-dealers engaged by us may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in the resales.

Each series of securities will be a new issue and, other than the common stock which is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, will have no established trading market. We may elect to list any series of securities on an exchange, and in the case of the common stock, on any additional exchange, but, unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material, we will not be obligated to do so. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of the trading market for any of the securities.

Agents, underwriters and broker-dealers may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us and/or our subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.

Any underwriter may engage in overallotment, stabilizing transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Overallotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time. An underwriter may carry out these transactions on the Nasdaq Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

The place and time of delivery for securities will be set forth in the accompanying prospectus supplement and/or other offering material for such securities.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Foley & Lardner LLP. The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for any underwriters or agents by counsel named in the applicable prospectus supplement. The opinions of Foley & Lardner LLP and counsel for any underwriters or agents may be conditioned upon and may be subject to assumptions regarding future action required to be taken by us and any underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the issuance of any securities. The opinions of Foley & Lardner LLP and counsel for any underwriters or agents may be subject to other conditions and assumptions, as indicated in the prospectus supplement.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, have been audited by Marcum LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon (which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern as described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements), included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We also filed a registration statement on Form S-3, including exhibits, under the Securities Act with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of the registration statement, but does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement or the exhibits. The SEC maintains a web site, www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. You may review the registration statement and any other document we file on the SEC’s web site. Our SEC filings are also available to the public on our website, www.thermogenesis.com. The information on our website, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus.

We are “incorporating by reference” specified documents that we file with the SEC, which means:

● incorporated documents are considered part of this prospectus;

● we are disclosing important information to you by referring you to those documents; and

● information we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede information contained in this prospectus.

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We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (i) after the date of filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement and (ii) on or after the date of this prospectus until the earlier of the date on which all of the securities registered hereunder have been sold or the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part has been withdrawn:

● Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2023;

● Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarters ended March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023, August 10, 2023, and November 13, 2023, respectively;

● Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 11, 2023, February 6, 2023, February 27, 2023, March 10, 2023, March 21, 2023, July 19, 2023, August 3, 2023, August 29, 2023, October 4, 2023, and November 21, 2023;

● Any other reports filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act since December 31, 2022; and

● The description of our common stock in Exhibit 4.4 of our Form 10-K filed on March 30, 2023, including any other amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, information furnished under Items 2.02 and 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K, including the related exhibits under Item 9.01, is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You may request a copy of any of these filings, at no cost, by request directed to us at the following address or telephone number:

ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc.

2711 Citrus Road

Rancho Cordova, CA 95742

(916) 858-5100
Attention: Corporate Secretary

You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, as well as the information we file or previously filed with the SEC that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, is accurate as of any date other than the respective date of such documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

32

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED NOVEMBER 22, 2023

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

$1,288,000

Common Stock

_________________________

We have entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the “Offering Agreement”), dated November 22, 2023, with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (the “Sales Agent” or “Wainwright”), as sales agent relating to the shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, offered by this prospectus supplement. In accordance with the terms of the Offering Agreement, we may offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1,288,000 from time to time through Wainwright acting as our sales agent.

Sales of common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus may be made in transactions that are deemed to be “at-the-market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), including sales made directly on or through the Nasdaq Capital Market, the existing trading market for our common stock, or any other existing trading market in the Unites States for our common stock, sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange or otherwise, directly to the Sales Agent as principal, in negotiated transactions at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at prices related to such prevailing market prices, and/or in any other method permitted by law. If we and Wainwright agree on any method of distribution other than sales of shares of our common stock into the Nasdaq Capital Market or another existing trading market in the United States at market prices, we will file a further prospectus supplement providing all information about such offering as required by Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act. Wainwright is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of shares, but will act as sales agent on a commercially reasonable efforts basis consistent with its normal trading and sales practices. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

We will pay Wainwright a commission of up to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of common stock issued by us and sold through it as our sales agent under the Offering Agreement. In connection with the sale of common stock on our behalf, Wainwright will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Wainwright will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts.

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “THMO.” On November 21, 2023, the closing price of one share of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.98 per share.

The aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 was approximately $3,905,015, which was calculated based on 3,136,504 shares of common stock outstanding as of November 17, 2023, of which 327,141 shares were held by affiliates, and a price of $1.39 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on September 28, 2023. We have not offered any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 during the prior 12 calendar month period that ends on, and includes, the date of this prospectus.

Investment in our common stock involves risks. See the section entitled “RISK FACTORS” on page S-6 of this prospectus supplement and the risk factors contained in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus for a discussion of certain factors which should be considered before investing in our common stock.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

H.C. Wainwright & Co.

The date of this prospectus supplement is      , 2023.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

About This Prospectus Supplement	S-1
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements	S-2
Prospectus Supplement Summary	S-3
The Offering	S-5
Risk Factors	S-6
Use of Proceeds	S-9
Dilution	S-10
Plan of Distribution	S-12
Legal Matters	S-14
Experts	S-14
Where You Can Find More Information	S-14

We are responsible for the information contained and incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to give you any other information, and we take no responsibility for any other information that others may give you. If you are in a jurisdiction where offers to sell, or solicitations of offers to purchase, the securities offered by this documentation are unlawful, or if you are a person to whom it is unlawful to direct these types of activities, then the offer presented in this document does not extend to you. The information contained in this document speaks only as of the date of this document, unless the information specifically indicates that another date applies. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on November 22, 2023. Under this “shelf” registration process, we may offer and sell any combination of the securities described in the accompanying prospectus, from time to time, in one or more offerings, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $30,000,000. Under this prospectus supplement, we may from time to time offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1,288,000, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of the offering. The $1,288,000 of shares of our common stock that may be sold under this prospectus supplement are included in the $30,000,000 of securities that may be sold under the registration statement. This prospectus supplement describes the specific details regarding this offering, including the amount of our common stock being offered, the risks of investing in our common stock, and other items.

This document is in two parts. This prospectus supplement contains specific information about the terms of this offering, including the types, amounts and prices of the securities being offered and the plan of distribution. This prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference therein. This prospectus supplement may be updated or supplemented. The accompanying prospectus gives more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this “prospectus,” we are referring to both documents combined. To the extent the information contained in this prospectus supplement differs or varies from the information contained in the accompanying prospectus or any document filed prior to the date of this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference, the information in this prospectus supplement will control. You should read carefully both this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, together with the additional information about us to which we refer you in the section of this prospectus supplement entitled “WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION.”

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and the information incorporated by reference herein and therein may include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

This prospectus supplement contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading “WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION.”

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to “we,” “us,” “our” or similar terms, as well as references to the “Company,” refer to ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

S-1

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We have tried, whenever possible, to identify these forward-looking statements using words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “continue,” “plan,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “potential,” “ongoing,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements, whether in the negative or the affirmative. These statements reflect our current beliefs and are based on information currently available to us. Accordingly, such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, such statements. These risks, uncertainties, factors and contingencies include, without limitation:

● the ability to obtain capital and other financing in the amounts and at the times needed to launch new products;

● market acceptance of new products;

● the nature and timing of regulatory approvals for both new products and existing products for which the Company proposes new claims;

● realization of forecasted revenues, expenses and income;

● initiatives by competitors;

● price pressures;

● failure to meet U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) regulated requirements governing the Company’s products and operations (including the potential for product recalls associated with such regulations);

● risks associated with initiating manufacturing for new products;

● failure to meet Foreign Corrupt Practice Act regulations;

● legal proceedings;

● risks associated with expanding into the Company’s new Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization business; and

● other risk factors described in the section of this prospectus supplement entitled “Risk Factors” and from time to time in our reports filed with the SEC.

Forward-looking statements reflect our management’s expectations or predictions of future conditions, events or results based on various assumptions and management’s estimates of trends and economic factors in the markets in which we are active, as well as our business plans. They are not guarantees of future performance. By their nature, forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and financial condition may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results and financial condition indicated in these forward-looking statements. There are a number of factors that could cause actual conditions, events or results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.

See an additional discussion under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequently filed quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

S-2

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

The following is a summary of selected information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. It does not contain all of the information that you should consider before buying our common stock. You should read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus carefully, as well as any documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, including the material referenced and the information included under the heading “Risk Factors.” You should also carefully read the other information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including our financial statements, and the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part.

Our Business

We develop, commercialize and market a range of automated technologies for CAR-T and other cell-based therapies. We currently market a full suite of solutions for automated clinical biobanking, point-of-care applications, and automation for immuno-oncology, including our semi-automated, functionally closed CAR-TXpress™ platform, which streamlines the manufacturing process for the emerging CAR-T immunotherapy market. ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. was founded in 1986 and is incorporated in the State of Delaware and headquartered in Rancho Cordova, CA.

Our business involves the manufacturing and related service of cell based medical devices, including the AutoXpress® and BioArchive® platforms for automated clinical bio-banking, PXP® platform for point-of-care cell-based therapies and CAR-TXpress platform for large scale cell manufacturing services. We currently manufacture and market the following products:

Clinical Bio-Banking Applications:

● AXP® II Automated Cell Separation System – an automated, fully closed cell separation system for isolating stem and progenitor cells from umbilical cord blood, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

● BioArchive® Automated Cryopreservation System – an automated, robotic, liquid nitrogen controlled-rate-freezing and cryogenic storage system for cord blood samples and cell therapeutic products used in clinical applications, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

Point-of-Care Applications:

● PXP® Point-of-Care System – an automated, fully closed, sterile system allows for the rapid, automated processing of autologous peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirate derived stem cells at the point-of-care, such as surgical centers or clinics, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

● PXP-LAVARE System – an automated, fully closed system that is designed to wash, re-suspend and volume reduce cell suspensions. It allows for volume manipulation, supernatant or media exchange, and cell washing to occur without comprising cell viabilities and maximizing recoveries, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

● PXP-1000 System – an automated, fully closed system that provides fast, reproducible separation of multiple cellular components from blood with minimal red blood cell contamination, registered as a U.S. FDA 510(k) medical device.

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Large Scale Cell Processing and Biomanufacturing:

● X-Series® Products for general laboratory use: X-Lab® for cell isolation, X-Wash® System for cell washing and reformulation, X-Mini® for high efficiency small scale cell purification, and X-BACS® System under development for large scale cell purification using our proprietary Buoyancy-Activated Cell Sorting (“BACS”) technology.

● CAR-TXpress™ Platform for Clinical Manufacturing – a modular designed, functionally closed manufacturing platform that addresses the critical unmet need for large scale cellular processing and chemistry, manufacturing and controls (“CMC”) needs for manufacturing cellular therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (“CAR”) T cell therapies. The CAR-TXpress Platform is owned and developed through a subsidiary CAR-TXpress Bio, Inc. (“CARTXpress Bio”) in which ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. owns 80% of the equity interest.

Contract Development and Manufacturing Services for Cell and Cell-Based Gene Therapies

We expanded our business to include contract development and manufacturing services for cell and cell-based gene therapies. We are in the process of building out the capabilities to become a world-class Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) for cell and cell-based gene therapies. We are rolling out a new facility in the Sacramento metro area, containing a total of 12, class-7, ReadyStart cGMP Suites available for lease by early-stage life science and cell gene therapy companies. The ReadyStart Suites are located in a 35,500+ square foot cGMP facility that will meet the highest scientific, quality, and regulatory requirements. We intend to leverage our existing technology and combine it with the in-licensed technologies to develop a proprietary manufacturing platform for cell manufacturing activities.

We will operate our new CDMO business through a newly formed division named TG BiosynthesisTM. It is anticipated that TG Biosynthesis will provide high-quality development and manufacturing capabilities, cell and tissue processing development, quality systems, regulatory compliance, and other cell manufacturing solutions for clients with therapeutic candidates in various stages of development.

The CDMO facility was completed in October of 2023. The development and launch of TG Biosynthesis will require us to acquire various equipment for the planned operations, hire certain personnel needed to launch the operation, and timely complete the build-out of our leased Sacramento facility. There is no assurance that we will be able to successfully obtain such additional capital resources, as such capital may not be available on reasonable terms, or available at all. We will need to hire, train, and retain additional employees who have experience in the cell manufacturing field in order for our CDMO business to be successful.

Corporate Information

We are a Delaware corporation and our corporate headquarters is located at 2711 Citrus Road, Rancho Cordova, California 95742. Our telephone number is (916) 858-5100. Our Internet website address is www.thermogenesis.com. The information contained in, and that which can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated into and does not form a part of this prospectus supplement.

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THE OFFERING

The following summary contains basic information about this offering. The summary is not intended to be complete. You should read the full text and more specific details contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement.

Issuer	ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc.
Common stock offered by us	Shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1,288,000.
Common stock to be outstanding after this offering(1)	Up to 4,399,249 shares, after giving effect to the assumed sale of 1,262,745 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.02 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on November 17, 2023. The actual number of shares issued will depend on the price at which shares are sold from time to time during this offering.
Form of offering	The Sales Agent may, according to the terms of the Offering Agreement, sell the shares of our common stock offered under this prospectus supplement in an “at-the-market” offering. See “Plan of Distribution” on page S-12 of this prospectus supplement.
Nasdaq Capital Market symbol	THMO
Use of proceeds	We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes. See “USE OF PROCEEDS.”
Risk factors	See “RISK FACTORS” and the other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus for a discussion of certain factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.

(1) The number of shares of common stock outstanding after this offering, as reflected above, is based on the actual number of shares outstanding as of November 17, 2023, which was 3,136,504, and does not include, as of that date:

● 6,215 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, having a weighted average exercise price of $404.67 per share;

● 7,208,700 shares of common stock (assuming the current conversion price of $1.07) issuable upon the conversion of the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under our Credit Agreement with Boyalife Group Inc.;

● 448,284 shares of common stock (assuming a conversion price of $1.07) issuable upon the conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued but unpaid interest under our Credit Agreement with Orbrex (USA) Co. Limited (“Orbrex”); and

● 1,238,869 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants having a weighted average exercise price of $3.14 per share.

S-5

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision. The risks described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks we are not presently aware of or that we currently believe are immaterial may also impair our business operations, financial condition or results of operations. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed by any of these risks. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. In assessing these risks, you should also refer to the risk factors and other information contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, specifically including the risk factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on March 30, 2023 and the financial statements and related notes filed therewith.

Risks Related to this Offering

Management will have broad discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering, and we may not use the proceeds effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion as to the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of this offering. Our stockholders may not agree with the manner in which our management chooses to allocate and spend the net proceeds. Moreover, our management may use the net proceeds for corporate purposes that may not positively impact our results of operations or increase the market value of our common stock. Our failure to apply these funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, delay the development of our products and/or cause the price of our common stock to decline.

You may incur substantial dilution as a result of this offering and future equity issuances.

The offering price per share in this offering may exceed the net tangible book value per share of our common stock outstanding prior to this offering. Assuming that an aggregate of 1,262,745 shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $1.02 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on November 17, 2023, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $1,288,000, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us, you will experience immediate dilution of $0.48 per share as of September 30, 2023, after giving effect to this offering and the assumed offering price. The exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants may result in further dilution of your investment. See the section entitled “DILUTION” below for a more detailed illustration of the dilution you may incur if you participate in this offering.

If we raise additional capital in the future, your ownership in us could be diluted.

In order to raise additional capital, we may at any time, including during this offering, offer additional shares of common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock at prices that may not be the same as the price per share in this offering. We may sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is less than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders, including investors who purchase common stock in this offering. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share in this offering.

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial revenue from our operations, we anticipate financing our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings and license agreements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the further sale of equity securities or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted.

S-6

Sales of a substantial number of our shares of common stock in the public market could cause our stock price to fall.

We may issue and sell additional shares of common stock in the public markets, including during this offering. As a result, a substantial number of shares of our common stock may be sold in the public market. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public markets, including during this offering, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.

Because we do not currently intend to declare cash dividends on our shares of common stock in the foreseeable future, stockholders must rely on appreciation of the value of our common stock for any return on their investment.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the operation, development and growth of our business. Furthermore, any future debt agreements may also preclude us from paying or place restrictions on our ability to pay dividends. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be your sole source of gain with respect to your investment for the foreseeable future.

The exercise of our outstanding options and warrants will dilute stockholders and could decrease our stock price.

The exercise of our outstanding options and warrants may adversely affect our stock price due to sales of a large number of shares or the perception that such sales could occur. These factors also could make it more difficult to raise funds through future offerings of our securities, and could adversely impact the terms under which we could obtain additional equity capital. Exercise of outstanding options and warrants or any future issuance of additional shares of common stock or other equity securities, including but not limited to options, warrants, restricted stock units or other derivative securities convertible into our common stock, may result in significant dilution to our stockholders and may decrease our stock price.

The common stock offered hereby will be sold in “at-the-market” offerings, and investors who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.

Investors who purchase shares in this offering at different times will likely pay different prices, and so may experience different outcomes in their investment results. We will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold, and there is no minimum or maximum sales price. Investors may experience a decline in the value of their shares as a result of share sales made at prices lower than the prices they paid.

The actual number of shares we will issue under the Offering Agreement, at any one time or in total, is uncertain.

Subject to certain limitations in the Offering Agreement and compliance with applicable law, we have the discretion to deliver a sales notice to the Sales Agent at any time throughout the term of the Offering Agreement. The number of shares that are sold by the Sales Agent after delivery of a sales notice will fluctuate based on the market price of the common stock during the sales period and limits we set with the Sales Agent. Because the price per share of each share sold will fluctuate based on the market price of our common stock during the sales period, it is not possible at this stage to predict the number of shares that will ultimately be issued.

S-7

If we sell shares of common stock for a per share price under $1.07, such sales will trigger anti-dilution provisions with respect to certain of our outstanding securities.

If we sell shares of common stock for a per share price under $1.07, such sales will cause the conversion price of the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under our Credit Agreement with Boyalife Group Inc. and our outstanding note payable to Orbrex to be reduced to the lowest sales price. Accordingly, to the extent sales under $1.07 per share are made, you will experience further dilution. On November 17, 2023, the closing price of one share of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $1.02 per share. If we sell shares at $1.02 per share under the Offering Agreement, the conversion price of the principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Credit Agreement and the note payable to Orbrex will decrease to $1.02, and therefore such principal and interest will be convertible into 8,032,325 shares of our common stock based on the principal and accrued interest outstanding as of November 17, 2023. Further, the potential application of such anti-dilution rights may prevent us from seeking additional financing, which would adversely affect our ability to finance our operations and continue to support our growth initiatives.

If we do not meet the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market, our common stock could be delisted from trading, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our common stock and subject us to additional trading restrictions.

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, which imposes continued listing requirements with respect to listed shares. The listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market provide, among other things, that a company may be delisted if the bid price of its stock drops below $1.00 for a period of 30 consecutive business days. If we fail to maintain compliance with the continued listing requirements, including the minimum bid price requirement, and Nasdaq determines to delist our common stock, the delisting could adversely affect the market price and liquidity of our common stock and reduce our ability to raise additional capital, and we would, in such event, be unable to sell shares under the Offering Agreement.

S-8

USE OF PROCEEDS

We may issue and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1,288,000 from time to time using this prospectus supplement. The amount of proceeds we will receive from this offering, if any, will depend upon the number of shares of common stock sold and the market price at which they are sold. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to this offering, the actual total offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. There can be no assurance that we will be able to sell any shares under or fully utilize the Offering Agreement with the Sales Agent.

We currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered under this prospectus supplement for working capital and general corporate purposes.

Although we have identified some potential uses of the net proceeds to be received from this offering, we cannot specify these uses with certainty. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of this offering. Our stockholders may not agree with the manner in which our management chooses to allocate and spend the net proceeds. Moreover, our management may use the net proceeds for corporate purposes that may not positively impact our results of operations or increase the market value of our common stock.

Pending any use, as described above, we plan to deposit the net proceeds in money market accounts with our primary bank or otherwise invest the net proceeds in high-quality, short-term, interest-bearing securities.

S-9

DILUTION

If you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you will experience dilution to the extent of the difference between the offering price per share and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering.

Our historical net tangible book value on September 30, 2023 was approximately $1,220,000, or $0.39 per share. “Net tangible book value” is total assets minus the sum of liabilities and intangible assets. “Net tangible book value per share” is net tangible book value divided by the total number of shares outstanding.

After giving effect to the sale of shares of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $1,288,000 in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $1.02 per share (which was the last reported sale price of shares of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on November 17, 2023), and after deducting estimated offering expenses and after deducting estimated sales agent commissions payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2023 would have been approximately $2,369,000, or approximately $0.54 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of approximately $0.15 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of approximately $0.48 per share to new investors. The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

Assumed public offering price per share of common stock offered			$	1.02
Historical net tangible book value per share of common stock as of September 30, 2023	$	0.39
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors	$	0.15
As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2023			$	0.54
Dilution per share to new investors			$	0.48

The table above assumes for illustrative purposes that an aggregate of 1,262,745 shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $1.02 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on November 17, 2023, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $1,149,000 after deducting estimated offering expenses and estimated sales agent commissions payable by us. The shares sold in this offering, if any, will be sold from time to time at various prices. Accordingly, these dilution numbers are merely an example of potential dilution based on an assumed sales price. An increase of $0.25 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price of $1.02 per share shown in the table above, assuming all of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $1,288,000 is sold at that price, would increase our adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering to $0.57 per share and would increase the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.70 per share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us. A decrease of $0.25 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price of $1.02 per share shown in the table above, assuming all of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $1,288,000 is sold at that price, would decrease our adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering to $0.49 per share and would decrease the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.28 per share, after deducting commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us.

S-10

The number of shares of common stock outstanding after this offering as reflected in the table above is based on the actual number of shares outstanding as of September 30, 2023, which was 3,136,504, and does not include, as of that date:

● 6,215 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, having a weighted average exercise price of $404.67 per share;

● 7,011,921 shares of our common stock (assuming the current conversion price of $1.07) issuable upon the conversion of the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under our Credit Agreement with Boyalife Group Inc.;

● 436,566 shares of our common stock (assuming a conversion price of $1.07) issuable upon the conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued but unpaid interest under our Credit Agreement with Orbrex; and

● 1,238,869 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants, having a weighted average exercise price of $3.14 per share.

To the extent that any of our outstanding options or warrants are exercised, we grant additional options under our stock option plans or issue additional warrants, or we issue additional shares of common stock in the future, there may be further dilution to the new investors.

S-11

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We have entered into the Offering Agreement, dated as of November 22, 2023, with Wainwright as sales agent, under which we may issue and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1,288,000 from time to time through Wainwright acting as our sales agent.

The Offering Agreement provides that sales of our common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement may be made in sales deemed to be “at-the-market” equity offerings as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act or in privately negotiated transactions, including but not limited to block trades. If we and Wainwright agree on any method of distribution other than sales of shares of our common stock into the Nasdaq Capital Market or another existing trading market in the United States at market prices, we will file a further prospectus supplement providing all information about such offering as required by Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act.

Wainwright will offer shares of our common stock at prevailing market prices subject to the terms and conditions of the Offering Agreement as agreed upon by us and Wainwright. We will designate the number of shares which we desire to sell, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, any limitation on the number of shares that may be sold in one day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Offering Agreement, Wainwright will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable laws and regulations to sell on our behalf all of the shares requested to be sold by us. We or Wainwright may suspend the offering of the shares of common stock being made through Wainwright under the Offering Agreement at any time upon proper notice to the other party.

Settlement for sales of common stock will occur on the second trading day, and on and after May 28, 2024, on the first trading day or any such shorter settlement cycle as may be in effect under Exchange Act Rule 15c6-1 from time to time, following the date on which any sales are made, or on some other date that is agreed upon by us and Wainwright in connection with a particular transaction, in return for payment of the net proceeds to us. Sales of shares of our common stock as contemplated in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company or by such other means as we and Wainwright may agree upon. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

We will pay Wainwright a cash commission of up to 3.0% of the gross sales price of the shares of our common stock that Wainwright sells pursuant to the Offering Agreement. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to this offering, the actual total offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. Pursuant to the terms of the Offering Agreement, we agreed to reimburse Wainwright for the documented fees and costs of its legal counsel reasonably incurred in connection with entering into the transactions contemplated by the Offering Agreement in an amount not to exceed $50,000 in the aggregate, in addition to (for Wainwright’s counsel’s fees) up to a maximum of $2,500 per due diligence update session conducted in connection with each such date the Company files its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, the accompanying prospectus, or any prospectus supplement and $5,000 per due diligence update session conducted in connection with each such date the Company files its Annual Report on Form 10-K. We will report at least quarterly the number of shares of our common stock sold through Wainwright under the Offering Agreement, the net proceeds to us and the compensation paid by us to Wainwright in connection with the sales of shares of our common stock.

S-12

In connection with the sales of shares of our common stock on our behalf, Wainwright will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation paid to Wainwright will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed in the Offering Agreement to provide indemnification and contribution to Wainwright against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. 

The offering of shares of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus supplement will terminate upon the earlier of the sale of all of the shares of our common stock provided for in this prospectus supplement or termination of the Offering Agreement as permitted therein.

To the extent required by Regulation M, Wainwright will not engage in any market making activities involving our common stock while the offering is ongoing under this prospectus supplement.

Wainwright and certain of its affiliates may in the future engage in investment banking and other commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us or our affiliates. Wainwright and such affiliates may in the future receive customary fees and expenses for these transactions. In addition, in the ordinary course of its various business activities, Wainwright and its affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (which may include bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. Wainwright or its affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus may be made available in electronic format on a website maintained by Wainwright, and Wainwright may distribute this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus electronically. 

The foregoing does not purport to be a complete statement of the terms and conditions of the Offering Agreement. A copy of the Offering Agreement is included as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part.

S-13

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by Foley & Lardner LLP. Certain legal matters with respect to this offering will be passed upon for the Sales Agent by Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP, New York, New York.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, have been audited by Marcum LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon (which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern as described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements), included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We also filed a registration statement on Form S-3, including exhibits, under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are a part of the registration statement, but do not contain all of the information included in the registration statement or the exhibits. The SEC maintains a web site, www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. You may review the registration statement and any other document we file on the SEC’s web site. Our SEC filings are also available to the public on our website, www.thermogenesis.com. The information on our website, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus supplement.

We are “incorporating by reference” specified documents that we file with the SEC, which means:

● incorporated documents are considered part of this prospectus supplement;

● we are disclosing important information to you by referring you to those documents; and

● information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede information contained in this prospectus supplement.

We incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (i) after the date of filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement, and (ii) on or after the date of this prospectus supplement until the earlier of the date on which all of the securities registered hereunder have been sold or the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part has been withdrawn:

● Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2023;

S-14

● Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarters ended March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023, August 10, 2023, and November 13, 2023, respectively;

● Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 11, 2023, February 6, 2023, February 27, 2023, March 10, 2023, March 21, 2023, July 19, 2023, August 3, 2023, August 29, 2023, October 4, 2023, and November 21, 2023;

● Any other reports filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act since December 31, 2022; and

● The description of our common stock in Exhibit 4.4 of our Form 10-K filed on March 30, 2023, including any other amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, information furnished under Items 2.02 and 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K, including the related exhibits under Item 9.01, is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

You may request a copy of any of these filings, at no cost, by request directed to us at the following address or telephone number:

ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc.
2711 Citrus Road
Rancho Cordova, CA 95742
(916) 858-5100
Attention: Corporate Secretary

You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement, as well as the information we file or previously filed with the SEC that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement, is accurate as of any date other than the respective date of such documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

S-15

_________________________

$1,288,000

Common Stock

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

_________________________

H.C. Wainwright & Co.

, 2023

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

ITEM 14.         OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses payable by the Company in connection with the registration of the securities being registered hereby. All amounts are estimates, except the SEC registration fee.

SEC registration fee	$	4,428
FINRA filing fee	$	5,000
Printing expenses	$	*
Accounting fees and expenses	$	*
Legal fees and expenses	$	*
Miscellaneous	$	*
Total	$	*

* These fees and expenses will depend on the number of issuances and the nature of the offerings and cannot be estimated at this time.

ITEM 15.         INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “Delaware Law”) enables a corporation, in its original certificate of incorporation or an amendment thereto, to eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director for monetary damages for breach of the director’s fiduciary duty, except (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) pursuant to Section 174 of the Delaware Law (providing for liability of directors for unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchases or redemptions), or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (“Certificate of Incorporation”), contains such a provision.

In addition, Section 145 of the Delaware Law provides that a corporation may indemnify any persons, including officers and directors, who are, or are threatened to be made, a party to any threatened, pending or completed legal action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was an officer, director, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, provided such officer, director, employee or agent acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation’s best interests and, with respect to criminal proceedings, had no reasonable cause to believe that the person’s conduct was unlawful. A Delaware corporation may indemnify officers or directors in an action by or in the right of the corporation under the same conditions, except that no indemnification is permitted without judicial approval if the officer or director is adjudged to be liable to the corporation. Where an officer or director is successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action referred to above, the corporation must indemnify him or her against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) that he or she actually and reasonably incurred.

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The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Restated Bylaws provide for indemnification of directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware Law. Additionally, we have a policy of directors’ liability insurance that insures the directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a judgment under certain circumstances.

ITEM 16.         EXHIBITS

The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Registration Statement.  

Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description
1.1*	Form of Underwriting Agreement
1.2	At The Market Offering Agreement, dated November 22, 2023, between ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. and H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC.
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc. dated as of July 5, 2020, as amended December 21, 2022, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-K filed March 30, 2023.
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of ThermoGenesis Holdings, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 10, 2023.
4.1	Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated January 1, 2019, among CARTXpress Bio, Inc., Bay City Capital Fund V, L.P., and Bay City Capital Fund V Co-Investment Fund, L.P., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 4, 2019.
4.2	Form of Common Warrant, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to Amendment No. 3 to Form S-1 filed with the SEC on October 17, 2022.
4.3	Form of Common Warrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023.
4.4	Form of Warrant Amendment Agreement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023.
4.5	Form of Senior Indenture.
4.6	Form of Subordinated Indenture.
4.7*	Form of Senior Debt Securities.
4.8*	Form of Subordinated Debt Securities.
4.9*	Form of Supplemental Senior Indenture.
4.10*	Form of Supplemental Subordinated Indenture.
4.11*	Form of Warrant.

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4.12*	Form of Warrant Agreement.
4.13*	Form of Unit.
4.14*	Form of Subscription Rights Certificate.
4.15*	Form of Subscription Rights Agreement.
4.16*	Form of Purchase Contract.
5.1	Opinion of Foley & Lardner LLP.
5.2	Opinion of Foley & Lardner LLP relating to the ATM prospectus supplement.
23.1	Consent of Marcum LLP.
23.2	Consent of Foley & Lardner LLP (filed as part of Exhibit 5.1).
23.3	Consent of Foley & Lardner LLP relating to the ATM prospectus supplement (filed as part of Exhibit 5.2).
24.1	Powers of Attorney (included on signature page).
25.1**	Statement of Eligibility and Qualification of Trustee for Senior Indenture on Form T-1.
25.2**	Statement of Eligibility and Qualification of Trustee for Subordinated Indenture on Form T-1.
107	Filing Fee Table.

* To be filed by amendment or as an Exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by reference.

** To be filed in accordance with the requirements of Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and Rule 5b-3 thereunder.

ITEM 17.             UNDERTAKINGS

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Filing Fee Tables” in the effective registration statement; and

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(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

(i) If the undersigned registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

(A)          Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(B)          Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

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(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(d) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Rancho Cordova, State of California, on November 22, 2023.

THERMOGENESIS HOLDINGS, INC.
By:	/s/ Xiaochun (Chris) Xu, Ph.D.
	Xiaochun (Chris) Xu, Ph.D.
	Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned hereby constitute and appoint Xiaochun Xu and Jeffery Cauble and each of them, the true and lawful attorneys-in-fact of the undersigned, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign this registration statement and any or all amendments to this registration statement, including post-effective amendments, and registration statements filed pursuant to 462(b) under the Securities Act, and to file or cause to be filed the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys or attorneys-in-fact or any of them or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons on November 22, 2023 in the capacities indicated.

Signature	Title
/s/ Xiaochun Xu	Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
Xiaochun Xu	of Directors (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Jeffery Cauble	Chief Financial Officer
Jeffery Cauble	(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ Russell Medford	Director
Russell Medford
/s/ Joseph Thomis	Director
Joseph Thomis
/s/ Biao Xi	Director
Biao Xi
/s/ James Xu	Director
James Xu
/s/ Haihong Zhu	Director
Haihong Zhu