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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2014
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
1.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization and Basis of Presentation
Cesca Therapeutics Inc. (the Company, we or our) is focused on the research, development, and commercialization of autologous cell-based therapeutics for use in regenerative medicine.  We are a leader in developing and manufacturing automated blood and bone marrow processing systems that enable the separation, processing and preservation of cell and tissue therapy products.  During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, Cesca Therapeutics Inc. was formed by the merger of ThermoGenesis Corp. and TotipotentRX.  See footnote 2 for details of the transaction.

Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cesca Therapeutics Inc., and our wholly-owned subsidiaries, TotipotentRX Cell Therapy, Pvt. Ltd. and TotipotentSC Scientific Product Pvt. Ltd.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates
Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the allowance for doubtful accounts, allocation of arrangement consideration, slow-moving inventory reserves, depreciation, warranty costs, certain accruals and contingencies.  Actual results could materially differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.  Events subsequent to the balance sheet date have been evaluated for inclusion in the accompanying consolidated financial statements through the date of issuance.

Revenue Recognition
Revenues from the sale of the Company’s products are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred (or services have been rendered), the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.  We generally ship products F.O.B. shipping point.  There is no conditional evaluation on any product sold and recognized as revenue.  Amounts billed in excess of revenue recognized are recorded as deferred revenue on the balance sheet.

The Company’s sales are generally through distributors.  There is no right of return provided for distributors.  For sales of products made to distributors, we consider a number of factors in determining whether revenue is recognized upon transfer of title to the distributor, or when payment is received.  These factors include, but are not limited to, whether the payment terms offered to the distributor are considered to be non-standard, the distributor history of adhering to the terms of its contractual arrangements with the Company, the level of inventories maintained by the distributor, whether we have a pattern of granting concessions for the benefit of the distributor, and whether there are other conditions that may indicate that the sale to the distributor is not substantive.  We currently recognize revenue primarily on the sell-in method with our distributors.
 
Revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables are divided into units of accounting if certain criteria are met, including whether the deliverable item(s) has (have) value to the customer on a stand-alone basis.  Revenue for each unit of accounting is recognized as the unit of accounting is delivered.  Arrangement consideration is allocated to each unit of accounting based upon the relative estimated selling prices of the separate units of accounting contained within an arrangement containing multiple deliverables.  Estimated selling prices are determined using VSOE, when available, or an estimate of selling price when VSOE is not available for a given unit of accounting.  Significant inputs for the estimates of the selling price of separate units of accounting include market and pricing trends and a customer’s geographic location.  We account for training and installation, and service agreements and the collection, processing and testing of the umbilical cord blood and the storage as separate units of accounting.

Service revenue generated from contracts for providing maintenance of equipment is amortized over the life of the agreement.  Revenue generated from storage contracts is deferred and recorded ratably over the life of the agreement, up to 21 years.  All other service revenue is recognized at the time the service is completed.

For licensing agreements pursuant to which the Company receives up-front licensing fees for products or technologies that will be provided by the Company over the term of the arrangements, the Company defers the up-front fees and recognizes the fees as revenue on a straight-line method over the term of the respective license.  For license agreements that require no continuing performance on the Company’s part, license fee revenue is recognized immediately upon grant of the license.

Revenues are net of normal discounts.  Shipping and handling fees billed to customers are included in net revenues, while the related costs are included in cost of revenues.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.

Foreign Currency Translation
Our reporting currency is the US dollar.  The functional currency of our subsidiaries in India is the Indian rupee (INR). Assets and liabilities are translated into US dollars at period end exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange prevailing during the periods presented. Cash flows were also translated at average exchange rates for the period, therefore, amounts reported on the consolidated statement of cash flows did not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the consolidated balance sheet. Equity accounts other than retained earnings are translated at the historic exchange rate on the date of investment. A translation adjustment of $58 gain for the year ended June 30, 2014 resulting from this process is recorded as a component of other comprehensive income.
  
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Impairment Assessments
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Intangible assets that are not considered to have an indefinite useful life are amortized over their useful lives, which generally range from three to ten years. Clinical protocols are not expected to provide economic benefit until they are introduced to the marketplace or licensed to an independent entity. Each period we evaluate the estimated remaining useful lives of purchased intangible assets and whether events or changes in circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining periods of amortization.
  
The carrying amounts of these assets are periodically reviewed for impairment (at least annually) and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. According to ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, we can opt to perform a qualitative assessment, if we determine that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than 50 percent) to be less than its carrying amount, the two step impairment test will be performed. In the first step, we compare the fair value of our sole reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value, goodwill is not considered impaired and we are not required to perform further testing. If the fair value of the reporting unit does not exceed the carrying value, then we must perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the goodwill. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then we would record an impairment loss equal to the difference. Recoverability of finite lived intangible assets is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to their short duration.  As of June 30, 2014, we had approximately $354 in cash equivalents classified as Level 1 assets, which are based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets.  As of June 30, 2013, we had no Level 1 financial instruments.  As of June 30, 2014 and 2013, we did not have any Level 2 or 3 financial instruments.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company’s receivables are recorded when billed and represent claims against third parties that will be settled in cash.  The carrying value of the Company’s receivables, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, represents their estimated net realizable value.  We estimate our allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical collection trends, age of outstanding receivables and existing economic conditions.  If events or changes in circumstances indicate that a specific receivable balance may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly.  A customer’s receivable balance is considered past-due based on its contractual terms.  Past-due receivable balances are written-off when the Company’s internal collection efforts have been unsuccessful in collecting the amount due.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market and include the cost of material, labor and manufacturing overhead.  Cost is determined on the first-in, first-out basis.  The Company provides inventory allowances to write down inventory to its estimated net realizable value when conditions indicate that the selling price could be less than cost due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels, or other causes, which it includes as a component of cost of revenues.

Equipment
Equipment is recorded at cost.  Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.  Depreciation for office, computer, machinery and equipment is computed under the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives.  Leasehold improvements are depreciated under the straight line method over their estimated useful lives or the remaining lease period, whichever is shorter.

Warranty
We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized.  The Company’s warranty obligation is calculated based on estimated product failure rates, material usage and estimated service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure.
 
Stock-Based Compensation
We have three stock-based compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 6.

Valuation and Amortization Method – We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula.  This fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period.

Expected Term – For options which we have limited available data, the expected term of the option is based on the simplified method.  This simplified method averages an award’s vesting term and its contractual term.  For all other options, the Company's expected term represents the period that the Company's stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior.

Expected Volatility – Expected volatility is based on historical volatility.  Historical volatility is computed using daily pricing observations for recent periods that corresponded to the expected term of the options.

Expected Dividend – We have not declared dividends and we do not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future.  Therefore, we use a zero value for the expected dividend value factor to determine the fair value of options granted.

Risk-Free Interest Rate – The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the valuation method on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with the same or substantially equivalent remaining term.

Estimated Forfeitures – When estimating forfeitures, we consider voluntary and involuntary termination behavior as well as analysis of actual option forfeitures.

The fair value of the Company’s stock options granted to employees for the years ended June 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:

 
 
2014
  
2013
  
2012
 
Expected life (years)
  
4
   
4
   
4
 
Risk-free interest rate
  
1.1
%
  
0.5
%
  
1.2
%
Expected volatility
  
75
%
  
78
%
  
82
%
Dividend yield
  
0
%
  
0
%
  
0
%

The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the years ended June 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $1.15, $0.52 and $1.17, respectively.

Research and Development
Research and development costs, consisting of salaries and benefits, costs of clinical trials, costs of disposables, facility costs, contracted services and stock-based compensation from the engineering, regulatory, scientific and clinical affairs departments, that are useful in developing and clinically testing new products, services, processes or techniques, as well as expenses for activities that may significantly improve existing products or processes are expensed as incurred.  Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no future benefit are expensed when incurred.

Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents.  Our cash is maintained in checking accounts, money market funds and certificates of deposits with reputable financial institutions.  We have not experienced any realized losses on our deposits of cash and cash equivalents.

Today, we primarily manufacture and sell cellular processing systems and thermodynamic devices principally to the blood and cellular component processing industry and perform ongoing evaluations of the credit worthiness of our customers.  We believe that adequate provisions for uncollectible accounts have been made in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.  To date, we have not experienced significant credit related losses.

Segment Reporting
We have one reportable business segment: the research, development, and commercialization of autologous cell-based therapeutics for use in regenerative medicine.

Income Taxes
The tax years 1994-2013 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which we are subject; however, there is no current investigation.  The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as a component of income tax expense.  To date, there have been no interest or penalties charged to the Company in relation to the underpayment of income taxes.  There were no unrecognized tax benefits during all the periods presented.

The Company’s estimates of income taxes and the significant items resulting in the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our assessment of future tax consequences of transactions that have been reflected in the financial statements or tax returns for each taxing jurisdiction in which the Company operates.  We base our provision for income taxes on our current period results of operations, changes in deferred income tax assets and liabilities, income tax rates, and changes in estimates of uncertain tax positions in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates.  The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities when there are temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected benefits of using net operating loss and tax credit loss carryforwards.  The Company establishes valuation allowances when necessary to reduce the carrying amount of deferred income tax assets to the amounts that the Company believes are more likely than not to be realized. The Company evaluates the need to retain all or a portion of the valuation allowance on recorded deferred tax assets.  When a change in the tax rate or tax law has an impact on deferred taxes, the Company applies the change based on the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse.  As the Company operates in more than one state, changes in the state apportionment factors, based on operational results, may affect future effective tax rates and the value of recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities.  The Company records a change in tax rates in the consolidated financial statements in the period of enactment.
 
Income tax consequences that arise in connection with a business combination include identifying the tax basis of assets and liabilities acquired and any contingencies associated with uncertain tax positions assumed or resulting from the business combination.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities related to temporary differences of an acquired entity are recorded as of the date of the business combination and are based on the Company’s estimate of the appropriate tax basis that will be accepted by the various taxing authorities and its determination as to whether any of the acquired deferred tax liabilities could be a source of taxable income to realize the Company’s pre-existing deferred tax assets.
 
Medical Device Excise Tax
We are required to pay a medical device excise tax relating to U.S. sales of Class I, II and III medical devices.  This new excise tax went into effect January 1, 2013, established as part of the March 2010 U.S. healthcare reform legislation and has been included in sales and marketing expense.
 
Net Loss per Share
Net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  The calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share is the same for all periods presented, as the effect of the potential common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net loss position for all periods presented.  Anti-dilutive securities, which consist of stock options, common stock restricted awards and warrants, that were not included in diluted net loss per common share, were 7,185,252, 2,578,753 and 2,644,209 of June 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the prior year’s financial statements have been reclassified to conform with the 2014 presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported total assets, net loss or stockholders’ equity.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASC 2013-02, which is an update to improve the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”).  Companies are also required to present reclassifications by component when reporting changes in AOCI balances.  We adopted ASC 2013-02 effective July 1, 2013.  The adoption of ASC 2013-02 did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, which is an update to Topic 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other”.  This update provides additional guidance in performing impairment tests for indefinite-lived intangible assets by simplifying how an entity tests those assets for impairment.  The update allows an entity to make a qualitative assessment about the likelihood that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired to determine whether it should perform a qualitative impairment test.  We adopted ASU 2012-02 effective June 30, 2013.  The adoption of ASU 2012-02 did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income.” The guidance improves the comparability of financial reporting and facilitates the convergence of U.S. GAAP and IFRS by amending the guidance in ASC 220, “Comprehensive Income”.  Under the amended guidance, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, the entity is required to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) where the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. We adopted this guidance retrospectively for our interim period ending September 30, 2012.  The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) to the Fair Value Measurement Topic of the FASB ASC.  This update was issued in order to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  The update clarifies that (i) the highest and best use concept applies only to the fair value measurement of nonfinancial assets, (ii) specific requirements pertain to measuring the fair value of instruments classified in a reporting entity’s shareholders’ equity and, (iii) a reporting entity should disclose quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in a fair value measurement that is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.  The update changes requirements with regard to the fair value of financial instruments that are managed within a portfolio and with regard to the application of premiums or discounts in a fair value measurement.  In addition, the update increased disclosure requirements regarding Level 3 fair value measurements to include the valuation processes used by the reporting entity and the sensitivity of the fair value measurement to changes in unobservable inputs and the interrelationships between the unobservable inputs, if any.  We adopted ASU 2011-04 effective January 1, 2012.  The adoption of ASU 2011-04 did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2014, FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718); Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period”.  The amendments in this ASU apply to all reporting entities that grant their employees share-based payments in which the terms of the award provide that a performance target that affects vesting could be achieved after the requisite service period. The amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance in Topic 718 as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. For all entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted.
 
Entities may apply the amendments in this ASU either (a) prospectively to all awards granted or modified after the effective date or (b) retrospectively to all awards with performance targets that are outstanding as of the beginning of the earliest annual period presented in the financial statements and to all new or modified awards thereafter. If retrospective transition is adopted, the cumulative effect of applying this Update as of the beginning of the earliest annual period presented in the financial statements should be recognized as an adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance at that date. Additionally, if retrospective transition is adopted, an entity may use hindsight in measuring and recognizing the compensation cost. The Company is currently reviewing the provisions of this ASU to determine if there will be any impact on its results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. 

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, “Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists”. This amendment requires entities to present an unrecognized tax benefit or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward or a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward, unless certain conditions exist. This guidance is effective prospectively for annual reporting periods (and the interim periods within) beginning after December 15, 2013. Early adoption and retrospective application are permitted. We expect to adopt this guidance effective July 2014.  We are currently assessing the potential impact, if any the adoption of ASU 2013-11 may have on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05, “Foreign Currency Matters” (Topic 830) which provides guidance on a parent’s accounting for the cumulative translation adjustment upon de-recognition of a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity.  This new guidance requires that the parent release any related cumulative translation adjustment into net income only if the sale or transfer results in the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity in which the subsidiary or group of assets had resided.  The new guidance will be effective for us beginning July 1, 2014.  We are currently assessing the potential impact, if any, the adoption of ASU 2013-05 may have on our consolidated financial statements.