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Note 6 - Fair Value Measurements and Fair Values of Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]
6.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 
The Corporation measures certain assets at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FASB ASC topic
820,
“Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used in determining valuations into
three
levels. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
 
Level
1
– Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Corporation for identical assets. These generally provide the most reliable evidence and are used to measure fair value whenever available.
 
Level
2
– Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than Level
1
inputs, that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset through corroboration with observable market data. Level
2
inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets and other observable inputs.
 
Level
3
– Fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs. Examples of valuation methodologies that would result in Level
3
classification include option pricing models, discounted cash flows and other similar techniques.
 
The Corporation monitors and evaluates available data relating to fair value measurements on an ongoing basis and recognizes transfers among the levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the date of an event or change in circumstances that affects the valuation method chosen. Examples of such changes
may
include the market for a particular asset becoming active or inactive, changes in the availability of quoted prices, or changes in the availability of other market data.
 
At
December
31,
2016
and
2015,
assets measured at fair value and the valuation methods used are as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quoted Prices
 
 
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
in Active
 
 
Observable
 
 
Unobservable
 
 
Total
 
 
 
Markets
 
 
Inputs
 
 
Inputs
 
 
Fair
 
(In Thousands)
 
(Level 1)
 
 
(Level 2)
 
 
(Level 3)
 
 
Value
 
                                 
Recurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES:
                               
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies
  $
0
    $
9,541
    $
0
    $
9,541
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
                               
Tax-exempt
   
0
     
119,037
     
0
     
119,037
 
Taxable
   
0
     
30,297
     
0
     
30,297
 
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed
by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored
agencies:
                               
Residential pass-through securities
   
0
     
58,404
     
0
     
58,404
 
Residential collateralized mortgage obligations
   
0
     
146,608
     
0
     
146,608
 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
   
0
     
30,219
     
0
     
30,219
 
Total debt securities
   
0
     
394,106
     
0
     
394,106
 
Marketable equity securities
   
971
     
0
     
0
     
971
 
Total available-for-sale securities
   
971
     
394,106
     
0
     
395,077
 
Servicing rights
   
0
     
0
     
1,262
     
1,262
 
Total recurring fair value measurements
  $
971
    $
394,106
    $
1,262
    $
396,339
 
                                 
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance
  $
0
    $
0
    $
3,372
    $
3,372
 
Valuation allowance
   
0
     
0
     
(674
)    
(674
)
Impaired loans, net
   
0
     
0
     
2,698
     
2,698
 
Foreclosed assets held for sale
   
0
     
0
     
2,180
     
2,180
 
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements
  $
0
    $
0
    $
4,878
    $
4,878
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quoted Prices
 
 
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
in Active
 
 
Observable
 
 
Unobservable
 
 
Total
 
 
 
Markets
 
 
Inputs
 
 
Inputs
 
 
Fair
 
(In Thousands)
 
(Level 1)
 
 
(Level 2)
 
 
(Level 3)
 
 
Value
 
                                 
Recurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES:
                               
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies
  $
0
    $
10,483
    $
0
    $
10,483
 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
                               
Tax-exempt
   
0
     
107,757
     
0
     
107,757
 
Taxable
   
0
     
34,597
     
0
     
34,597
 
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed
by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored
agencies:
                               
Residential pass-through securities
   
0
     
73,343
     
0
     
73,343
 
Residential collateralized mortgage obligations
   
0
     
191,715
     
0
     
191,715
 
Collateralized debt obligations
   
0
     
9
     
0
     
9
 
Total debt securities
   
0
     
417,904
     
0
     
417,904
 
Marketable equity securities
   
2,386
     
0
     
0
     
2,386
 
Total available-for-sale securities
   
2,386
     
417,904
     
0
     
420,290
 
Servicing rights
   
0
     
0
     
1,296
     
1,296
 
Total recurring fair value measurements
  $
2,386
    $
417,904
    $
1,296
    $
421,586
 
                                 
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance
  $
0
    $
0
    $
1,933
    $
1,933
 
Valuation allowance
   
0
     
0
     
(820
)    
(820
)
Impaired loans, net
   
0
     
0
     
1,113
     
1,113
 
Foreclosed assets held for sale
   
0
     
0
     
1,260
     
1,260
 
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements
  $
0
    $
0
    $
2,373
    $
2,373
 
 
Loans are classified as impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Foreclosed assets held for sale consist of real estate acquired by foreclosure. For impaired commercial loans secured by real estate and foreclosed assets held for sale, estimated fair values are determined primarily using values from
third
-party appraisals less estimated selling costs.
 
Management’s evaluation and selection of valuation techniques and the unobservable inputs used in determining the fair values of assets valued using Level
3
methodologies include sensitive assumptions. Other market participants might use substantially different assumptions, which could result in calculations of fair values that would be substantially different than the amount calculated by management. The following table shows quantitative information regarding significant techniques and inputs used at
December
31,
2016
and
2015
for servicing rights assets measured using unobservable inputs (Level
3
methodologies) on a recurring basis:
 
 
 
Fair Value at
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12/31/16
 
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
Method or Value As of
Asset
 
(In Thousands)
 
Technique
 
Input(s)
 
12/31/16
Servicing rights
  $
1,262
 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
   
13.00
%  
Rate used through modeling period
     
 
 
 
 
Loan prepayment speeds
   
138.00
%  
Weighted-average PSA
     
 
 
 
 
Servicing fees
   
0.25
%  
of loan balances
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
4.00
%  
of payments are late
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
5.00
%  
late fees assessed
     
 
 
 
 
 
  $
1.94
   
Miscellaneous fees per account per month
     
 
 
 
 
Servicing costs
  $
6.00
   
Monthly servicing cost per account
     
 
 
 
 
 
  $
24.00
   
Additional monthly servicing cost per loan on loans more than 30 days delinquent
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
1.50
%  
of loans more than 30 days delinquent
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
3.00
%  
annual increase in servicing costs
 
 
 
 
Fair Value at
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12/31/15
 
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
Method or Value As of
Asset
 
(In Thousands)
 
Technique
 
Input(s)
 
12/31/15
Servicing rights
  $
1,296
 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
   
10.00
%  
Rate used through modeling period
     
 
 
 
 
Loan prepayment speeds
   
146.00
%  
Weighted-average PSA
     
 
 
 
 
Servicing fees
   
0.25
%  
of loan balances
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
4.00
%  
of payments are late
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
5.00
%  
late fees assessed
     
 
 
 
 
 
  $
1.94
   
Miscellaneous fees per account per month
     
 
 
 
 
Servicing costs
  $
6.00
   
Monthly servicing cost per account
     
 
 
 
 
 
  $
24.00
   
Additional monthly servicing cost per loan on loans more than 30 days delinquent
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
1.50
%  
of loans more than 30 days delinquent
     
 
 
 
 
 
   
3.00
%  
annual increase in servicing costs
 
The fair value of servicing rights is affected by expected future interest rates. Increases (decreases) in future expected interest rates
tend
to increase (decrease) the fair value of the Corporation’s servicing rights because of changes in expected prepayment behavior by the borrowers on the underlying loans.
 
Following is a reconciliation of activity for Level
3
assets (servicing rights) measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 
(In Thousands)
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
2014
 
Balance, beginning of period
  $
1,296
    $
1,281
    $
1,123
 
Issuances of servicing rights
   
248
     
177
     
185
 
Unrealized losses included in earnings
   
(282
)    
(162
)    
(27
)
Balance, end of period
  $
1,262
    $
1,296
    $
1,281
 
 
Loans are classified as impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Foreclosed assets held for sale consist of real estate acquired by foreclosure. For impaired commercial loans secured by real estate and foreclosed assets held for sale, estimated fair values are determined primarily using values from
third
-party appraisals. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.
 
At
December
31,
2016
and
2015,
quantitative information regarding significant techniques and inputs used for nonrecurring fair value measurements using unobservable inputs (Level
3
methodologies) are as follows:
 
(In Thousands, Except
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Value at
 
Percentages)
 
 
 
 
 
Valuation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12/31/16
 
 
 
Balance at
 
 
Allowance at
 
 
Fair Value at
 
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
(Weighted
 
Asset
 
12/31/16
 
 
12/31/16
 
 
12/31/16
 
Technique
 
Inputs
 
Average)
 
                                       
Impaired loans:
                                     
Commercial:
                                     
Commercial loans secured by
real estate
  $
2,773
    $
528
    $
2,245
 
Sales comparison
 
Discount to appraised value
   
7
%
Commercial and industrial
   
95
     
95
     
0
 
Sales comparison
 
Discount to appraised value
   
100
%
Loans secured by farmland
   
504
     
51
     
453
 
Sales comparison
 
Discount to appraised value
   
55
%
Total impaired loans
  $
3,372
    $
674
    $
2,698
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Foreclosed assets held for sale -
real estate:
                                     
Residential (1-4 family)
  $
1,102
    $
0
    $
1,102
 
Sales comparison
 
Discount to appraised value
   
35
%
Land
   
650
     
0
     
650
 
Sales comparison
 
Discount to appraised value
   
33
%
Commercial real estate
   
428
     
0
     
428
 
Sales comparison
 
Discount to appraised value
   
50
%
Total foreclosed assets held for sale
  $
2,180
    $
0
    $
2,180
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
(In Thousands, Except
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Value at
 
Percentages)
 
 
 
 
 
Valuation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12/31/15
 
 
 
Balance at
 
 
Allowance at
 
 
Fair Value at
 
Valuation
Unobservable
 
(Weighted
 
Asset
 
12/31/15
 
 
12/31/15
 
 
12/31/15
 
Technique
Inputs
 
Average)
 
                                     
Impaired loans:
                                   
Residential mortgage loans -
first liens
  $
42
    $
1
    $
41
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
31
%
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial loans secured by
real estate
   
317
     
97
     
220
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
46
%
Commercial and industrial
   
75
     
75
     
0
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
31
%
Loans secured by farmland
   
512
     
52
     
460
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
49
%
Multi-family (5 or more) residential
   
987
     
595
     
392
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
41
%
Total impaired loans
  $
1,933
    $
820
    $
1,113
 
 
 
   
 
 
Foreclosed assets held for sale -
real estate:
                                   
Residential (1-4 family)
  $
556
    $
0
    $
556
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
32
%
Land
   
704
     
0
     
704
 
Sales comparison
Discount to appraised value
   
29
%
Total foreclosed assets held for sale
  $
1,260
    $
0
    $
1,260
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
Certain of the Corporation’s financial instruments are not measured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates
may
not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements. Therefore, the aggregate fair value amounts presented
may
not represent the underlying fair value of the Corporation.
 
The Corporation used the following methods and assumptions in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS -
The carrying amounts of cash and short-term instruments approximate fair values.
 
CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT -
Fair values for certificates of deposit, included in cash and due from banks in the consolidated balance sheets, are based on quoted market prices for certificates of similar remaining maturities.
 
SECURITIES -
Fair values for securities, excluding restricted equity securities, are based on quoted market prices or other methods as described above. The carrying value of restricted equity securities approximates fair value based on applicable redemption provisions.
 
LOANS HELD FOR SALE -
Fair values of loans held for sale are determined based on applicable sale prices available under the Federal Home Loan Banks’ MPF Original or Xtra program.
 
LOANS -
Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as commercial, commercial real estate, residential mortgage and other consumer. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed-rate and adjustable-rate interest terms and by performing and nonperforming categories. The fair value of performing loans is calculated by discounting contractual cash flows, adjusted for estimated prepayments based on historical experience, using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loans. Fair value of nonperforming loans is based on recent appraisals or estimates prepared by the Corporation’s lending officers.
 
SERVICING RIGHTS -
The fair value of servicing rights, included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet, is determined through a discounted cash flow valuation. Significant inputs include expected net servicing income, the discount rate and the expected prepayment speeds of the underlying loans.
 
DEPOSITS -
The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand deposits, savings, money market and interest checking accounts, is (by definition) equal to the amount payable at
December
31,
2016
and
2015.
The fair value of time deposits, such as certificates of deposit and Individual Retirement Accounts, is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. The fair value estimates of deposits do not include the benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by the deposit liabilities compared to the cost of borrowing funds in the market, commonly referred to as the core deposit intangible.
 
BORROWED FUNDS -
The fair value of borrowings is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on rates currently available to the Corporation for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
 
ACCRUED INTEREST -
The carrying amounts of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate fair values.
 
OFF-BALANCE SHEET COMMITMENTS -
The Corporation has commitments to extend credit and has issued standby letters of credit. Standby letters of credit are conditional guarantees of performance by a customer to a
third
party. Estimates of the fair value of these off-balance sheet items were not made because of the short-term nature of these arrangements and the credit standing of the counterparties.
 
The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the Corporation’s financial instruments are as follows:
 
(In Thousands)
Valuation
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Method(s)
 
Carrying
 
 
Fair
 
 
Carrying
 
 
Fair
 
 
Used
 
Amount
 
 
Value
 
 
Amount
 
 
Value
 
Financial assets:
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents
Level 1
  $
28,621
    $
28,621
    $
33,313
    $
33,313
 
Certificates of deposit
Level 2
   
3,488
     
3,481
     
2,748
     
2,752
 
Available-for-sale securities
See Above
   
395,077
     
395,077
     
420,290
     
420,290
 
Restricted equity securities (included in Other Assets)
Level 2
   
4,426
     
4,426
     
4,657
     
4,657
 
Loans held for sale
Level 2
   
142
     
142
     
280
     
280
 
Loans, net
Level 3
   
743,362
     
725,787
     
696,991
     
685,552
 
Accrued interest receivable
Level 2
   
3,963
     
3,963
     
3,768
     
3,768
 
Servicing rights
Level 3
   
1,262
     
1,262
     
1,296
     
1,296
 
                                   
Financial liabilities:
                                 
Deposits with no stated maturity
Level 2
   
771,625
     
771,625
     
713,931
     
713,931
 
Time deposits
Level 2
   
212,218
     
212,274
     
221,684
     
221,891
 
Short-term borrowings
Level 2
   
26,175
     
26,024
     
53,496
     
53,398
 
Long-term borrowings
Level 2
   
38,454
     
39,062
     
38,767
     
40,166
 
Accrued interest payable
Level 2
   
65
     
65
     
70
     
70