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Goodwill
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill
Goodwill
The excess purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by PNMR for its 2005 acquisition of TNP was recorded as goodwill and was pushed down to the businesses acquired. In 2007, the TNMP assets that were included in its New Mexico operations, including goodwill, were transferred to PNM.
GAAP requires the Company to evaluate its goodwill for impairment annually at the reporting unit level or more frequently if circumstances indicate that the goodwill may be impaired. The Company evaluates goodwill impairment as of April 1st of each year. PNMR’s reporting units that have goodwill are PNM and TNMP. Application of the impairment test requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to reporting units, and determination of the fair value of each reporting unit.
GAAP provides that in certain circumstances an entity may perform a qualitative analysis to conclude that the goodwill of a reporting unit is not impaired. Under a qualitative assessment an entity considers macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, other relevant entity-specific events affecting a reporting unit, as well as whether a sustained decrease (both absolute and relative to its peers) in share price has occurred. An entity considers the extent to which each of the adverse events and circumstances identified could affect the comparison of a reporting unit’s fair value with its carrying amount. An entity places more weight on the events and circumstances that most affect a reporting unit’s fair value or the carrying amount of its net assets. An entity also considers positive and mitigating events and circumstances that may affect its determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. An entity evaluates, on the basis of the weight of evidence, the significance of all identified events and circumstances in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative analysis is not required.
In other circumstances, an entity may perform a quantitative analysis to reach the conclusion regarding impairment with respect to a reporting unit. Currently, the first step of the quantitative impairment test requires an entity to compare the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If as a result of this analysis, the entity concludes there is an indication of impairment in a reporting unit having goodwill, the entity is required to perform the second step of the impairment analysis, determining the amount of goodwill impairment to be recorded. The amount is calculated by comparing the implied fair value of the goodwill to its carrying amount. This exercise requires the entity to allocate the fair value determined in step one to the individual assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. Any remaining fair value would be the implied fair value of goodwill on the testing date. To the extent the recorded amount of goodwill of a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value determined in step two, an impairment loss would be reflected in results of operations. In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-04 - Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) that eliminates the second step of the impairment analysis. The Company must adopt this ASU in 2020, but early adoption is permitted. Accordingly, if the first step of a quantitative goodwill impairment analysis performed after adoption indicates that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the goodwill of that reporting unit would be impaired to the extent of that difference.
An entity may choose to perform a quantitative analysis without performing a qualitative analysis and may perform a qualitative analysis for certain reporting units, but a quantitative analysis for others. For the annual evaluations performed as of April 1, 2016, PNMR utilized a quantitative analysis for both the PNM and TNMP reporting units. For the annual evaluations performed as of April 1, 2015 and 2014, PNMR utilized a quantitative analysis for the PNM reporting unit and a qualitative analysis for the TNMP reporting unit.
A discounted cash flow methodology was primarily used in the quantitative analysis to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit. This analysis requires significant judgments, including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of long-term growth rates for the business, and determination of appropriate weighted average cost of capital for each reporting unit. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and the conclusion of impairment.
The annual evaluations performed as of April 1, 2016, 2015, and 2014 did not indicate impairments of the goodwill of any of PNMR’s reporting units. Since the April 1, 2016 annual evaluation, there have been no indications that the fair values of the reporting units with recorded goodwill have decreased below the carrying values. The April 1, 2016, 2015, and 2014 quantitative evaluations indicated the fair value of the PNM reporting unit, which has goodwill of $51.6 million, exceeded its carrying value by approximately 25%, 25%, and 30%. An increase of 0.5% in the expected return on equity capital utilized in discounting the forecasted cash flows, would have reduced the excess of PNM’s fair value over carrying value to approximately 18%, 18%, and 23% at April 1, 2016, 2015, and 2014. The 2016 quantitative evaluation indicated the fair value of the TNMP reporting unit, which has goodwill of $226.7 million, exceeded its carrying value by 32%. An increase of 0.5% in the expected return on equity capital utilized in calculating the WACC used to discount the forecasted cash flows, would have reduced the excess of TNMP’s fair value over carrying value to approximately 21% at April 1, 2016. The 2015 and 2014 qualitative analysis for TNMP included the consideration of various reporting unit specific factors as well as industry and macroeconomic factors to determine whether these factors were reasonably likely to have a material impact on the fair value of the reporting unit. Factors considered included the results of the April 1, 2012 quantitative analysis, which indicated that fair value exceeded carrying value of the reporting unit by approximately 26%, current and long-term forecasted financial results, regulatory environment, credit rating, interest rate environment, absolute and relative price of PNMR’s common stock, and operating strategy. TNMP believes it is operating within a generally favorable regulatory environment, its historical and forecasted financial results are positive, and its credit is perceived positively. Based on the analysis of the relevant factors, PNMR concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the TNMP reporting unit exceeds its carrying value at April 1 2015 and 2014.
Prior annual evaluations have not indicated impairments of any of PNMR’s reporting units, except in 2008. During 2008, the market capitalization of PNMR’s common stock was significantly below book value. In addition, a PNMR reporting unit, which was sold in 2011 was significantly impacted by depressed economic conditions and changes in the market in which it operated. As a result, goodwill impairments of $51.1 million for PNM, $34.5 million for TNMP, and an aggregate of $174.4 million for PNMR were recorded in 2008. Since 2008, the price of PNMR’s common stock has increased, improving the relationship between PNMR’s market capitalization and book value. In addition, improved regulatory treatment has been experienced by PNM in New Mexico and by TNMP in Texas. These factors resulted in more predictable earnings and increased fair values of the reporting units. Since 2008, the annual evaluations have not indicated that the fair values of the reporting units with recorded goodwill have decreased below their carrying values.