Variable Interest Entities

GAAP determines how an enterprise evaluates and accounts for its involvement with variable interest entities, focusing primarily on whether the enterprise has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of a variable interest entity. GAAP also requires continual reassessment of the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity.

Valencia

PNM has a PPA to purchase all of the electric capacity and energy from Valencia, a 158 MW natural gas-fired power plant near Belen, New Mexico, through May 2028. A third-party built, owns, and operates the facility while PNM is the sole purchaser of the electricity generated. The total construction cost for the facility was $90.0 million. PNM estimates that the plant will typically operate during peak periods of energy demand in summer. PNM is obligated to pay fixed operations and maintenance and capacity charges in addition to variable operation and maintenance charges under this PPA. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, PNM paid $18.9 million, $18.8 million, and $18.3 million for fixed charges and $1.2 million, $0.9 million, and $1.4 million for variable charges. PNM does not have any other financial obligations related to Valencia. The assets of Valencia can only be used to satisfy obligations of Valencia and creditors of Valencia do not have any recourse against PNM’s assets.

PNM sources fuel for the plant, controls when the facility operates through its dispatch, and receives the entire output of the plant, which factors directly and significantly impact the economic performance of Valencia. Therefore, PNM has concluded that the third party entity that owns Valencia is a variable interest entity and that PNM is the primary beneficiary of the entity under GAAP since PNM has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Valencia and will absorb the majority of the variability in the cash flows of the plant. As the primary beneficiary, PNM consolidates the entity in its financial statements. Accordingly, the assets, liabilities, operating expenses, and cash flows of Valencia are included in the consolidated financial statements of PNM although PNM has no legal ownership interest or voting control of the variable interest entity. The assets and liabilities of Valencia set forth below are immaterial to PNM and, therefore, not shown separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The owner’s equity and net income of Valencia are considered attributable to non-controlling interest.

Summarized financial information for Valencia is as follows:



Results of Operations
	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011
	(In thousands)
Operating revenues	$	20,166		$	19,585		$	19,720
Operating expenses	(5,645		)	(5,535		)	(5,673		)
Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest	$	14,521		$	14,050		$	14,047



Financial Position
	December 31,
	2013		2012
	(In thousands)
Current assets	$	2,658	$	3,655
Net property, plant and equipment	75,137		77,953
Total assets	77,795		81,608
Current liabilities	766		765
Owners’ equity – non-controlling interest	$	77,029	$	80,843

During the term of the PPA, PNM has the option to purchase and own up to 50% of the plant or the variable interest entity. The PPA specifies that the purchase price would be the greater of (i) 50% of book value reduced by related indebtedness or (ii) 50% of fair market value. On October 8, 2013, PNM notified the owner of Valencia that PNM may exercise the option to purchase 50% of the plant. As provided in the PPA, an appraisal process has been initiated since the parties failed to reach agreement on fair market value within 60 days. After the purchase price has been determined through the appraisal process, PNM may in its sole discretion determine whether or not it desires to exercise its option to purchase the 50% interest. In that regard, PNM will evaluate all its alternatives with respect to Valencia with the goal of achieving a fair and economical benefit for its customers. Also, PNM is in the process of developing its 2014 IRP (Note 17). Through this process, PNM will evaluate all of its resource options, including Valencia, to determine the optimal way to serve its customers. If PNM decides to exercise its option, the approval of the NMPRC and FERC would be required, which process could take up to 15 months. Since the purchase price is yet to be established, PNM cannot determine whether or not it will exercise its option or if required regulatory approvals would be received.

PVNGS Leases

PNM leases interests in Units 1 and 2 of PVNGS under arrangements, which were entered into in 1985 and 1986, that are accounted for as operating leases. There are currently eight separate lease agreements with eight different trusts whose beneficial owners are five different institutional investors. PNM is not the legal or tax owner of the leased assets. The beneficial owners of the trusts possess all of the voting control and pecuniary interests in the trusts. The leases provide PNM with an option to purchase the leased assets at appraised value at the end of the leases, but PNM does not have a fixed price purchase option and does not provide residual value guarantees. The leases also provide PNM with options to renew the leases at fixed rates set forth in the leases for two years beyond the termination of the original lease terms. The option periods on certain leases may be further extended for up to an additional six years if the appraised remaining useful lives and fair value of the leased assets are greater than parameters set forth in the leases. See Note 7 for additional information regarding the leases and actions PNM has taken with respect to its renewal and purchase options. Under GAAP, these renewal options are considered to be variable interests in the trusts and result in the trusts being considered variable interest entities. PNM is only obligated to make payments to the trusts for the scheduled semi-annual lease payments, which, net of amounts that will be returned to PNM through its ownership in related lessor notes and the Unit 2 beneficial trust, aggregate $52.5 million over the remaining original terms of the leases and $145.2 million during the renewal terms of the leases that PNM has elected to renew. Under certain circumstances (for example, final shutdown of the plant, the NRC issuing specified violation orders with respect to PVNGS, or the occurrence of specified nuclear events), PNM would be required to make specified payments to the beneficial owners and take title to the leased interests. If such an event had occurred as of December 31, 2013, PNM could have been required to pay the beneficial owners up to approximately $154.1 million, which would result in PNM taking ownership of the leased assets and termination of the leases. During the terms of the leases: PNM has no other financial obligations or commitments to the trusts or the beneficial owners; creditors of the trusts have no recourse to PNM’s assets other than with respect to the contractual lease payments; and PNM has no additional rights to the assets of the trusts other than the use of the leased assets. PNM has no assets or liabilities recorded on its Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the trusts other than accrued lease payments of $26.0 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, which are included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

PNM has evaluated the PVNGS lease arrangements, including the notices provided through January 2014 to the lessors (Note 7), and concluded that it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the trusts during the original and extended lease terms and, therefore, is not the primary beneficiary of the trusts under GAAP. The significant factors considered in reaching this conclusion are: the periods covered by fixed price renewal options are significantly shorter than the anticipated remaining useful lives of the assets, particularly since the operating licenses for the plants have been extended for twenty years through 2045 for Unit 1 and 2046 for Unit 2; PNM’s only financial obligation to the trusts is to make the fixed lease payments and the payments do not vary based on the output of the plants or their performance; during the lease terms, the economic performance of the trusts is substantially fixed due to the fixed lease payments; PNM is only one of several participants in PVNGS and is not the operating agent for the plants, so does not significantly influence the day-to-day operations of the plants; furthermore, the operations of the plants, including plans for their decommissioning, are highly regulated by the NRC, leaving little room for the participants to operate the plants in a manner that impacts the economic performance of the trusts; the economic performance of the trusts at the end of the lease terms is dependent upon the fair value and remaining lives of the plants at that time, which are determined by factors such as power prices, outlook for nuclear power, and the impacts of potential carbon legislation or regulation, all which are outside of PNM’s control; and while PNM has some potential benefit from its renewal options, the vast majority of the value at the end of the leases will accrue to the beneficial owners of the trusts, particularly given increases in the value of existing nuclear generating facilities, which have no GHG, resulting from potential carbon legislation or regulation.

Delta

PNM has a PPA covering the entire output of Delta, which is a variable interest under GAAP. PNM makes fixed and variable payments to Delta under the PPA. PNM also controls the dispatch of the generating plant, which impacts the variable payments made under the PPA and impacts the economic performance of the entity that owns Delta. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, PNM incurred fixed capacity charges of $6.4 million, $6.2 million, and $6.0 million and variable energy charges of $1.8 million, $0.8 million, and $1.5 million under the PPA. PNM’s only quantifiable obligation under the PPA is to make the fixed payments, which as of December 31, 2013, aggregated $39.2 million through the end of the PPA in 2020. PNM will also pay variable costs, which cannot be quantified since the amounts are based on how much the generating plant is in operation.

This arrangement was entered into prior to December 31, 2003 and PNM was unsuccessful in obtaining the information necessary to determine if it is the primary beneficiary of the entity that owns Delta, or to consolidate that entity if it were determined that PNM is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, PNM was unable to make those determinations and, as provided in GAAP, accounted for this PPA as an operating lease.

In December 2012, PNM entered into an agreement with the owners of Delta under which PNM would purchase the entity that owns Delta. At closing PNM would make a cash payment of $23.0 million, which would be adjusted for actual working capital compared to a targeted working capital and certain prepayments of debt. Delta had project financing debt of $19.2 million at December 31, 2012, including $3.0 million due in 2013, which PNM would retire at closing of the purchase. FERC approved the purchase on February 26, 2013 and the NMPRC approved the purchase on June 26, 2013. Closing is subject to the seller remedying specified operational, NERC compliance, and environmental issues, as well as other customary closing conditions. PNM and Delta are working with the City of Albuquerque and EPA in order to remedy certain environmental issues. Closing of the purchase will occur once those issues are resolved.

Delta informed PNM that at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, it had total assets of $23.7 million and $26.6 million, including net property, plant, and equipment of $20.3 million and $23.1 million, and total liabilities of $18.2 million and $21.1 million. Delta’s project financing debt amounted to $16.2 million at December 31, 2013, of which $3.3 million is due in 2014. Delta also indicated its 2013 and 2012 revenues were $9.5 million and $7.4 million and its net earnings were $1.2 million and $0.9 million. Consolidation of Delta would be immaterial to the Consolidated Balance Sheets for PNMR and PNM. Since all of Delta’s revenues and expenses are attributable to its PPA arrangement with PNM, the primary impact of consolidating Delta to the Consolidated Statements of Earnings for PNMR and PNM would be to reclassify Delta’s net earnings from operating expenses and reflect such amount as earnings attributable to a non-controlling interest, without any impact to net earnings attributable to PNMR and PNM.