EX-99.1 2 d155012dex991.htm EX-99.1 EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

NAVISTAR REPORTS FIRST QUARTER 2016 RESULTS

 

    Net loss of $33 million, or 40 cents per share, on revenues of $1.8 billion

 

    Adjusted EBITDA of $77 million, up 43 percent year-over-year

 

    Tightens FY 2016 full-year adjusted EBITDA target to $600 million - $650 million

LISLE, Ill., March 8, 2016 — Navistar International Corporation (NYSE: NAV) today announced a first quarter 2016 net loss of $33 million, or $0.40 per diluted share, an improvement of 21 percent and 23 percent, respectively, compared to a first quarter 2015 net loss of $42 million, or $0.52 per diluted share.

Revenues in the quarter were $1.8 billion, a decline of 27 percent compared to $2.4 billion in the first quarter last year. The decline reflects lower volumes in its Core U.S. and Canadian markets, due to softer industry conditions; lower volumes in Mexico and export markets, reflecting a stronger U.S. dollar; and, lower engine volumes in Brazil, due to ongoing weak economic conditions in that country. Additionally, one-quarter of the year-over-year decline was due to the discontinuation of the company’s Blue Diamond Truck joint venture in mid-2015.

First quarter 2016 EBITDA was $82 million, compared to first quarter 2015 EBITDA of $101 million. This year’s results included a $5 million charge for pre-existing warranties and a net $10 million benefit related to a one-time fee received, partly offset by asset impairment and restructuring costs. As a result, first quarter adjusted EBITDA was $77 million, up 43 percent, compared to adjusted EBITDA of $54 million in the comparable period last year.

“Despite a lower revenue base, we continued to unlock value by significantly improving adjusted EBITDA through managing and optimizing our costs,” said Troy A. Clarke, Navistar president and chief executive officer. “We are encouraged by our Q1 performance and remain on track to achieve our goals of returning to profitability and generating manufacturing free cash flow in 2016.”

“This was a solid quarter in which we made real progress toward our 2016 targets,” said Walter G. Borst, Navistar executive vice president and chief financial officer. “We operated within our indicated cash range in what is seasonally our weakest revenue and most cash-intensive quarter, ending the first quarter 2016 with $673 million in manufacturing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. We also continued to manage costs out of our business, putting us on track to achieve our annual $200 million cost reduction target.”

Significant first quarter items include:

 

    Achieved $57 million in structural cost reductions.

 

    Delivered record Q1 Parts segment profit of $150 million.

 

    Used truck inventory increased $50 million to $440 million.

 

    Warranty expense, excluding pre-existing adjustments, declined to 2.6 percent of manufacturing revenue, approaching best-in-class quality levels.

“We expect the industry’s oversupply of used trucks will continue in the near term,” Borst said. “While our inventory is higher than we planned, I am confident in our abilities to address this issue and bring these inventories down over time.”

On February 1, the company unveiled its new HX Series of premium severe service trucks, returning Navistar to a segment from which it had been largely absent since 2010. One week after the launch, the company had received more than 300 orders for the HX, and customer feedback has been overwhelmingly positive.


“Navistar is bringing to market trucks that customers want to buy and solutions that deliver uptime, support our Parts business, and position our dealer network for success,” Clarke said. Over the next few years, the company expects to announce a new product on average every six months, completely refreshing the product line by the end of 2018.

GUIDANCE

Industry

 

    Continue forecast of fiscal year 2016 retail deliveries of Class 6-8 trucks and buses in the United States and Canada of 350,000 units-380,000 units.

 

    Class 8 (heavy) market to be down for the fiscal year, at 240,000-270,000 units versus 279,000 for 2015.

 

    Project the medium, school bus and severe service segments to grow in 2016.

Navistar

 

    Revised 2016 revenue guidance to $9.0 billion - $9.25 billion.

 

    Tightened 2016 adjusted EBITDA guidance to $600 million - $650 million.

 

    Maintained total cost reduction guidance of $200 million.

 

    Updated its end-of-year manufacturing cash guidance to be $900 million - $1 billion.

 

    Reiterated its goal is to achieve profitability and be manufacturing free cash flow positive in 2016.

SEGMENT REVIEW

Summary of Financial Results:

 

     (Unaudited)  
     Quarters Ended
January 31,
 
(in millions, except per share data)    2016      2015  

Sales and revenues, net

   $ 1,765       $ 2,421   

Segment Results:

     

Truck

   $ (51    $ (18

Parts

     150         145   

Global Operations

     (13      (15

Financial Services

     26         24   

Loss from continuing operations, net of tax(A)

   $ (33    $ (42

Net loss(A)

     (33      (42

Diluted loss per share from continuing operations(A)

   $ (0.40    $ (0.52

Diluted loss per share(A)

   $ (0.40    $ (0.52

 

(A) Amounts attributable to Navistar International Corporation.

Truck Segment — Truck segment first quarter 2016 net sales decreased $573 million, or 34 percent, due to lower core truck volumes as a result of softer industry conditions; a decline of $158 million in Ford sales through the BDT joint venture, as production for the JV ceased in mid-2015; and, a decline in export truck markets. Truck chargeouts in the company’s Core market were down 19 percent year over year.

The Truck segment loss increased by $33 million in first quarter 2016 versus first quarter 2015. Lower structural and product costs and lower accelerated depreciation charges in first quarter 2016 were more than offset by the impact of lower volumes and an increase in used truck reserves this year, and a benefit for adjustments to pre-existing warranties in the first quarter of 2015 of $55 million.

Parts Segment — Parts segment first quarter net sales decreased $56 million, or nine percent, primarily due to lower volumes in North America markets compared to strong North America markets in the previous year; a decline in Blue Diamond Parts due to a decrease of units in operation; and, decreased export parts sales due to economic conditions in export markets.

 

2


Parts segment profit increased by $5 million, or three percent, primarily due to the impact of cost-reduction initiatives, partially offset by the decline in volumes.

Global Operations Segment — Global Operations segment first quarter net sales decreased $60 million, or 39 percent, primarily driven by a decrease in South America engine operations, reflecting lower volumes and unfavorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates, as the average conversion rate of the Brazilian Real to the U.S. dollar weakened by 33 percent for the first quarter of 2016 compared to the same period last year. The continued economic downturn in the Brazil economy contributed to 18 percent lower engine volumes in first quarter 2016 compared to the comparable prior year period.

The Global Operations segment results improved $2 million, to a loss of $13 million, compared with the comparable prior year period, primarily due to lower manufacturing and structural costs as a result of prior year restructuring and cost-reduction efforts.

Financial Services Segment — Financial Services segment first quarter net revenues decreased by $1 million, or two percent, primarily driven by a decrease in the average retail notes receivable balances, partially offset by higher revenues from operating leases.

The Financial Services segment profit increased by $2 million, or eight percent, primarily due to an increase in gains on lease terminations, a decrease in the provision for loan losses, and cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by a decrease in revenue and lower interest income from intercompany loans.

About Navistar

Navistar International Corporation (NYSE: NAV) is a holding company whose subsidiaries and affiliates produce International® brand commercial and military trucks, proprietary diesel engines, and IC Bus brand school and commercial buses. An affiliate also provides truck and diesel engine service parts. Another affiliate offers financing services. Additional information is available at www.Navistar.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Information provided and statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements only speak as of the date of this report and the company assumes no obligation to update the information included in this report. Such forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, including descriptions of our business strategy. These statements often include words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” or similar expressions. These statements are not guarantees of performance or results and they involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. For a further description of these factors, see the risk factors set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015. Although we believe that these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there are many factors that could affect our results of operations and could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. All future written and oral forward-looking statements by us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to above. Except for our ongoing obligations to disclose material information as required by the federal securities laws, we do not have any obligations or intention to release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances in the future or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

3


Navistar International Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

 

     (Unaudited)  
     Quarters Ended
January 31,
 
(in millions, except per share data)    2016     2015  

Sales and revenues

    

Sales of manufactured products, net

   $ 1,730      $ 2,385   

Finance revenues

     35        36   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Sales and revenues, net

     1,765        2,421   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Costs and expenses

    

Costs of products sold

     1,466        2,045   

Restructuring charges

     3        3   

Asset impairment charges

     2        7   

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     205        241   

Engineering and product development costs

     58        79   

Interest expense

     81        77   

Other income, net

     (22     (3
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     1,793        2,449   

Equity in income (loss) of non-consolidated affiliates

     (1     2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

     (29     (26

Income tax benefit (expense)

     5        (7
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations

     (24     (33

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

     (24     (33

Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

     9        9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to Navistar International Corporation

   $ (33   $ (42
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Amounts attributable to Navistar International Corporation common shareholders:

  

Loss from continuing operations, net of tax

   $ (33   $ (42

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

   $ (33   $ (42
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss per share:

    

Basic:

    

Continuing operations

   $ (0.40   $ (0.52

Discontinued operations

     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (0.40   $ (0.52
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted:

    

Continuing operations

   $ (0.40   $ (0.52

Discontinued operations

     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (0.40   $ (0.52
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding:

    

Basic

     81.7        81.5   

Diluted

     81.7        81.5   

 

4


Navistar International Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

(in millions, except per share data)    January 31,
2016
    October 31,
2015
 

ASSETS

     (Unaudited  

Current assets

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 579      $ 912   

Marketable securities

     152        159   

Trade and other receivables, net

     340        429   

Finance receivables, net

     1,431        1,779   

Inventories, net

     1,269        1,135   

Deferred taxes, net

     —          36   

Other current assets

     168        172   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     3,939        4,622   

Restricted cash

     118        121   

Trade and other receivables, net

     12        13   

Finance receivables, net

     198        216   

Investments in non-consolidated affiliates

     64        66   

Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $2,555 and $2,546, respectively)

     1,304        1,345   

Goodwill

     38        38   

Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization of $123 and $120, respectively)

     52        57   

Deferred taxes, net

     157        128   

Other noncurrent assets

     98        86   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 5,980      $ 6,692   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES and STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

    

Liabilities

    

Current liabilities

    

Notes payable and current maturities of long-term debt

   $ 1,492      $ 1,110   

Accounts payable

     1,031        1,301   

Other current liabilities

     1,277        1,377   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     3,800        3,788   

Long-term debt

     3,607        4,188   

Postretirement benefits liabilities

     2,966        2,995   

Deferred taxes, net

     —          14   

Other noncurrent liabilities

     797        867   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     11,170        11,852   

Stockholders’ deficit

    

Series D convertible junior preference stock

     2        2   

Common stock (86.8 shares issued, and $0.10 par value per share and 220 shares authorized, all at both dates)

     9        9   

Additional paid-in capital

     2,501        2,499   

Accumulated deficit

     (4,899     (4,866

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (2,601     (2,601

Common stock held in treasury, at cost (5.3 shares, at both dates)

     (209     (210
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ deficit attributable to Navistar International Corporation

     (5,197     (5,167

Stockholders’ equity attributable to non-controlling interests

     7        7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ deficit

     (5,190     (5,160
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit

   $ 5,980      $ 6,692   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

5


Navistar International Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

     (Unaudited)  
     Quarters Ended
January 31,
 
(in millions)    2016     2015  

Cash flows from operating activities

    

Net loss

   $ (24   $ (33

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     39        58   

Depreciation of equipment leased to others

     19        21   

Deferred taxes, including change in valuation allowance

     (18     (12

Asset impairment charges

     2        7   

Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount

     9        9   

Stock-based compensation

     1        2   

Provision for doubtful accounts, net of recoveries

     2        (3

Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates, net of dividends

     1        5   

Other non-cash operating activities

     (5     (11

Changes in other assets and liabilities, exclusive of the effects of businesses disposed

     (128     (254
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

     (102     (211
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities

    

Purchases of marketable securities

     (117     (140

Sales of marketable securities

     115        507   

Maturities of marketable securities

     9        63   

Net change in restricted cash and cash equivalents

     (1     53   

Capital expenditures

     (29     (17

Purchases of equipment leased to others

     (49     (10

Proceeds from sales of property and equipment

     14        1   

Investments in non-consolidated affiliates

     (1     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     (59     457   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

    

Proceeds from issuance of securitized debt

     50        250   

Principal payments on securitized debt

     (8     (240

Net change in secured revolving credit facilities

     (108     (27

Proceeds from issuance of non-securitized debt

     42        35   

Principal payments on non-securitized debt

     (77     (78

Net decrease in notes and debt outstanding under revolving credit facilities

     (70     (43

Principal payments under financing arrangements and capital lease obligations

     (1     —     

Debt issuance costs

     (1     (4

Proceeds from financed lease obligations

     7        10   

Dividends paid by subsidiaries to non-controlling interest

     (10     (12

Other financing activities

     1        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

     (175     (109
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     3        (14
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     (333     123   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period

     912        497   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

   $ 579      $ 620   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

6


Navistar International Corporation and Subsidiaries

Segment Reporting

(Unaudited)

We define segment profit (loss) as net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Navistar International Corporation excluding income tax benefit (expense). The following tables present selected financial information for our reporting segments:

 

(in millions)    Truck     Parts      Global
Operations
    Financial
Services (A)
     Corporate
and
Eliminations
    Total  

Three Months Ended January 31, 2016

              

External sales and revenues, net

   $ 1,081      $ 562       $ 84      $ 35       $ 3      $ 1,765   

Intersegment sales and revenues

     51        8         8        24         (91     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total sales and revenues, net

   $ 1,132      $ 570       $ 92      $ 59       $ (88   $ 1,765   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to NIC, net of tax

   $ (51   $ 150       $ (13   $ 26       $ (145   $ (33

Income tax benefit

     —          —           —          —           5        5   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit (loss)

   $ (51   $ 150       $ (13   $ 26       $ (150   $ (38
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 34      $ 3       $ 5      $ 12       $ 4      $ 58   

Interest expense

     —          —           —          19         62        81   

Equity in income (loss) of non-consolidated affiliates

     1        1         (3     —           —          (1

Capital expenditures(B)

     25        1         1        —           2        29   

 

(in millions)    Truck     Parts      Global
Operations
    Financial
Services (A)
     Corporate
and
Eliminations
    Total  

Three Months Ended January 31, 2015

              

External sales and revenues, net

   $ 1,631      $ 614       $ 138      $ 36       $ 2      $ 2,421   

Intersegment sales and revenues

     74        12         14        24         (124     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total sales and revenues, net

   $ 1,705      $ 626       $ 152      $ 60       $ (122   $ 2,421   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to NIC, net of tax

   $ (18   $ 145       $ (15   $ 24       $ (178   $ (42

Income tax expense

     —          —           —          —           (7     (7
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit (loss)

   $ (18   $ 145       $ (15   $ 24       $ (171   $ (35
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 52      $ 3       $ 7      $ 12       $ 5      $ 79   

Interest expense

     —          —           —          20         57        77   

Equity in income (loss) of non-consolidated affiliates

     2        1         (1     —           —          2   

Capital expenditures(B)

     14        —           2        —           1        17   

 

(in millions)    Truck      Parts      Global
Operations
     Financial
Services
     Corporate
and
Eliminations
     Total  

Segment assets, as of:

                 

January 31, 2016

   $ 1,934       $ 623       $ 349       $ 2,094       $ 980       $ 5,980   

October 31, 2015

     1,876         641         409         2,455         1,311         6,692   

 

(A) Total sales and revenues in the Financial Services segment include interest revenues of $42 million and $45 million for the three months ended January 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
(B) Exclusive of purchases of equipment leased to others.

 

7


SEC Regulation G Non-GAAP Reconciliation

The financial measures presented below are unaudited and not in accordance with, or an alternative for, financial measures presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The non-GAAP financial information presented herein should be considered supplemental to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and are reconciled to the most appropriate GAAP number below.

Earnings (loss) Before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (“EBITDA”):

We define EBITDA as our consolidated net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Navistar International Corporation, net of tax, plus manufacturing interest expense, income taxes, and depreciation and amortization. We believe EBITDA provides meaningful information to the performance of our business and therefore we use it to supplement our GAAP reporting. We have chosen to provide this supplemental information to investors, analysts and other interested parties to enable them to perform additional analyses of operating results.

Adjusted EBITDA:

We believe that adjusted EBITDA, which excludes certain identified items that we do not consider to be part of our ongoing business, improves the comparability of year to year results, and is representative of our underlying performance. Management uses this information to assess and measure the performance of our operating segments. We have chosen to provide this supplemental information to investors, analysts and other interested parties to enable them to perform additional analyses of operating results, to illustrate the results of operations giving effect to the non-GAAP adjustments shown in the below reconciliations, and to provide an additional measure of performance.

Adjusted EBITDA margin:

We define Adjusted EBITDA margin as a percentage of the Company’s consolidated sales and revenues. We have chosen to provide this supplemental information to investors, analysts and other interested parties to enable them to perform additional analyses of operating results, to illustrate the results of operations giving effect to the non-GAAP adjustments shown in the below reconciliations, and to provide an additional measure of performance.

Manufacturing Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities:

Manufacturing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities represents the Company’s consolidated cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities excluding cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of our financial services operations. We include marketable securities with our cash and cash equivalents when assessing our liquidity position as our investments are highly liquid in nature. We have chosen to provide this supplemental information to investors, analysts and other interested parties to enable them to perform additional analyses of our ability to meet our operating requirements, capital expenditures, equity investments, and financial obligations.

Structural costs consists of Selling, general and administrative expenses and Engineering and product development costs.

 

8


EBITDA reconciliation:

 

(in millions)    Three Months
Ended January 31,
 
     2016      2015  

Loss from continuing operations attributable to NIC, net of tax

   $ (33    $ (42

Plus:

     

Depreciation and amortization expense

     58         79   

Manufacturing interest expense(A)

     62         57   

Less:

     

Income tax benefit (expense)

     5         (7
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

EBITDA

   $ 82       $ 101   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(A) Manufacturing interest expense is the net interest expense primarily generated for borrowings that support the manufacturing and corporate operations, adjusted to eliminate intercompany interest expense with our Financial Services segment. The following table reconciles Manufacturing interest expense to the consolidated interest expense:

 

     Three Months
Ended January 31,
 
(in millions)    2016      2015  

Interest expense

   $ 81       $ 77   

Less: Financial services interest expense

     19         20   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Manufacturing interest expense

   $ 62       $ 57   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation:

 

     Three Months
Ended January 31,
 
(in millions)    2016     2015  

EBITDA (reconciled above)

   $ 82      $ 101   

Less significant items of:

    

Adjustments to pre-existing warranties(A)

     5        (57

North America asset impairment charges(B)

     2        7   

Cost reduction and other strategic initiatives

     3        3   

One-time fee received(C)

     (15     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total adjustments

     (5     (47
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 77      $ 54   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA margin

     4.4     2.2

 

(A) Adjustments to pre-existing warranties reflect changes in our estimate of warranty costs for products sold in prior periods. Such adjustments typically occur when claims experience deviates from historic and expected trends. Our warranty liability is generally affected by component failure rates, repair costs, and the timing of failures. Future events and circumstances related to these factors could materially change our estimates and require adjustments to our liability. In addition, new product launches require a greater use of judgment in developing estimates until historical experience becomes available.
(B) In the first quarter of 2016, the Truck segment recorded $2 million of asset impairment charges relating to certain long lived assets. In the first quarter of 2015, the Truck segment recorded $7 million of asset impairment charges relating to certain operating leases.
(C) In the first quarter of 2016, we received a $15 million one-time fee from a third party which was recognized in Other income, net.

 

9


Manufacturing segment cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities reconciliation:

 

     As of January 31, 2016  
(in millions)    Manufacturing
Operations
     Financial
Services
Operations
     Consolidated
Balance Sheet
 

Assets

        

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 544       $ 35       $ 579   

Marketable securities

     129         23         152   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Cash and cash equivalents and Marketable securities

   $ 673       $ 58       $ 731   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

10