Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2013

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accounting policies followed are as set forth in Note 1 of the Notes to Financial Statements in the Company’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company has not experienced any material change in its critical accounting policies since November 1, 2011. The Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon its consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments regarding uncertainties that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, which are based upon historical experience and on other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Company considers the following accounting policies to be most critical in their potential effect on its financial position or results of operations.

New Accounting Pronouncements

The following accounting standards updates were recently issued and have not yet been adopted by us. These standards are currently under review to determine their impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. There were various other updates recently issued which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries. None of the other updates are expected to a have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

On January 31, 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update [ASU] 2013-01, entitled Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The guidance in ASU 2013-01 amends the requirements in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification [FASB ASC] Topic 210, entitled Balance Sheet. The ASU 2013-01 amendments to FASB ASC 210 clarify that ordinary trade receivables and receivables in general are not within the scope of ASU 2011-11, entitled Disclosure about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, where that ASU amended the guidance in FASB ASC 210. As those disclosures now are modified with the ASU 2013-01 amendments, the FASB ASC 210 balance sheet offsetting disclosures now clearly are applicable only where reporting entities are involved with bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and lending transactions that either are offset using the FASB ASC 210 or 815 requirements, or that are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements. ASU 2013-01 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

On February 28, 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update [ASU] 2013-04, entitled Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date. The ASU 2013-04 amendments add to the guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Codification [FASB ASC] Topic 405, entitled Liabilities and require reporting entities to measure obligations resulting from certain joint and several liability arrangements where the total amount of the obligation is fixed as of the reporting date, as the sum of the following:

● The amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among co-obligors.

● Any additional amounts the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors.

While early adoption of the amended guidance is permitted, for public companies, the guidance is required to be implemented in fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The amendments need to be implemented retrospectively to all prior periods presented for obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements that exist at the beginning of the year of adoption. The adoption of ASU 2013-04 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s operating results or financial position.

On April 22, 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update [ASU] 2013-07, entitled Liquidation Basis of Accounting. With ASU 2013-07, the FASB amends the guidance in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification [FASB ASC] Topic 205, entitled Presentation of Financial Statements. The amendments serve to clarify when and how reporting entities should apply the liquidation basis of accounting. The guidance is applicable to all reporting entities, whether they are public or private companies or not-for-profit entities. The guidance also provides principles for the recognition of assets and liabilities and disclosures, as well as related financial statement presentation requirements. The requirements in ASU 2013-07 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim reporting periods within those annual periods. Reporting entities are required to apply the requirements in ASU 2013-07 prospectively from the day that liquidation becomes imminent. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2013-07 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s operating results or financial position.

On July 18, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, which provides guidance on financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit² when a net operating loss (NOL) carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The FASB’s objective in issuing this ASU is to eliminate diversity in practice resulting from a lack of guidance on this topic in current U.S. GAAP. This ASU applies to all entities with unrecognized tax benefits that also have tax loss or tax credit carryforwards in the same tax jurisdiction as of the reporting date. Under the ASU, an entity must present an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for an NOL carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward except when:

● An NOL carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available as of the reporting date under the governing tax law to settle taxes that would result from the disallowance of the tax position.

● The entity does not intend to use the deferred tax asset for this purpose (provided that the tax law permits a choice).

If either of these conditions exists, an entity should present an unrecognized tax benefit in the financial statements as a liability and should not net the unrecognized tax benefit with a deferred tax asset.

ASU 2013-11 is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim periods within those years. The adoption of ASU 2013-11 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s operating results or financial position.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding for a period. Diluted earnings per share are based upon the weighted average number of shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding. Potential common shares outstanding principally include convertible notes payable and stock options under our stock plan. Since the Company has incurred losses, the effect of any common stock equivalent would be anti-dilutive.

Stock Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation costs for stock options issued to employees is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity grant).

No stock-based compensation was recognized during the nine months ended July 31, 2013.

On February 14, 2012, the Board of Directors adopted the 2012 Employee Benefit Plan which is authorized to grant up to 120,000 shares of common stock or options to purchase common stock to eligible employees, directors, officers, consultants or advisors. Eligibility and vesting, in the case of options, is determined by the Board of Directors. Between January 16, 2013 and February 22, 2013, the Company issued 16,000 shares of common stock which vested immediately under the Plan to legal counsel for services rendered and the fair market value of $1.05 and $1.50 per share. The aggregate value of the shares was $20,400.

The following table summarizes information about options granted under the Company’s equity compensation plans through July 31, 2013 and otherwise to employees, directors and consultants of the Company. Generally, options vest on an annual pro rata basis over various periods of time and are exercisable, upon proper notice, in whole or in part at any time upon vesting. Typically, in the case of an employee, vested options terminate when an employee leaves the Company. The options granted have contractual lives ranging from two to ten years.

	Number of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at October 31, 2012		5,600		$	40.00		1.2	$	—
Granted		—			—
Exercised		—			—
Expired		(1,000	)		145.00
Canceled		—			—
Outstanding at July 31, 2013		4,600		$	19.29		0.7	$	—

Summary information about the Company’s options outstanding at July 31, 2013 is set forth in the table below. Options outstanding at July 31, 2013 expire between August 2013 and January 2016.

Range of Exercise Prices		Options Outstanding July 31, 2013		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Options Exercisable July 31, 2013		Weighted Average Exercise Price
	$7.68-$70.00		4,400		0.7	$	13.35		4,400	$	13.35
	$150.00		200		0.1	$	150.00		200	$	150.00
TOTAL:			4,600						4,600

As of July 31, 2013, all outstanding options had fully vested and there was no estimated unrecognized compensation from unvested stock options.

The following table summarizes the information relating to warrants granted to non-employees as of October 31, 2012 and changes during the nine months ended July 31, 2013:

	Number of Warrants			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at October 31, 2012		146,667		$	1.00		1.78	$	—
Granted		150,000			0.66
Exercised		(40,000	)		1.00
Expired		—			—
Canceled		(66,667	)		1.50
Outstanding at July 31, 2013		190,000		$	0.87		2.6	$	—

Summary information about the Company’s warrants outstanding at July 31, 2013 is set forth in the table below. Warrants outstanding at July 31, 2013 expire between April 2015 and June 2016.

Range of Exercise Prices		Warrants Outstanding July 31, 2013		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Warrants Exercisable July 31, 2013		Weighted Average Exercise Price
	$0.50 - $1.00		190,000		2.6	$	0.87		190,000	$	0.87
			190,000						190,000