Retirement Plans

12 Months Ended

Sep. 29, 2019

RETIREMENT PLANS

We sponsor programs that provide retirement benefits to our employees. These programs include defined contribution plans, defined benefit pension plans, and postretirement healthcare plans.

Defined contribution plans — We maintain a qualified savings plan pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”). The plan allows all employees who have satisfied the service requirements and reached age 21 to defer a percentage of their pay on a pre-tax basis. Beginning January 1, 2016, we match 100% of the first 4% of compensation deferred by the participant. A participant’s right to Company contributions vest immediately. Our contributions under this plan were $1.7 million in fiscal 2019, and $2.2 million and $1.9 million in fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively.

We also maintain an unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan for key executives and other members of management whose compensation deferrals or company matching contributions to the qualified savings plan are limited due to IRC rules. Effective January 1, 2016, this non-qualified plan was amended to replace the company matching contribution with an annual restoration match that is intended to “restore” up to the full match for participants whose elective deferrals (and related company matching contributions) to the qualified savings plan were limited due to IRC rules. A participant’s right to the Company restoration match vests immediately. This plan allows participants to defer up to 50% of their salary and 85% of their bonus, on a pre-tax basis. In addition, to compensate executives who were hired or promoted into an eligible position prior to May 7, 2015 and who may no longer participate in our supplemental defined benefit pension plan, we also contribute a supplemental amount equal to 4% of an eligible employee’s salary and bonus for a period of 10 years in such eligible position. Our contributions under the non-qualified deferred compensation plan were $0.2 million in fiscal 2019, and $0.2 million, and $0.5 million in fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Defined benefit pension plans — We sponsor two defined benefit pension plans, a “Qualified Plan” covering substantially all full-time employees hired prior to January 1, 2011, and an unfunded supplemental executive retirement plan (“SERP”) that provides certain employees additional pension benefits and was closed to new participants effective January 1, 2007. In fiscal 2011, the Board of Directors approved changes to our Qualified Plan whereby participants will no longer accrue benefits effective December 31, 2015. Benefits under both plans are based on the employees’ years of service and compensation over defined periods of employment.

In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company amended its Qualified Plan to add a limited lump sum payment window whereby certain terminated participants with a vested pension benefit could elect to receive an immediate lump sum or monthly annuity payment of their accrued benefit. The offering period began September 16, 2019 and ended on or around October 31, 2019. The participants that elect a lump sum benefit under the program will be paid in December 2019. The estimated impact of the bulk lump sum offering was taken into consideration in connection with the Qualified Plan’s fiscal year-end pension benefit obligation (“PBO”) measurement. The Company assumed a 40% participant acceptance rate which resulted in a $25.6 million reduction in the Company’s PBO as of September 29, 2019. In accordance with the FASB authoritative guidance for pension plans, the expected settlement loss related to the offering will be recorded in the period the lump sum payments are made (the first quarter of fiscal 2020).

Postretirement healthcare plans — We also sponsor two healthcare plans, closed to new participants, that provide postretirement medical benefits to certain employees who have met minimum age and service requirements. The plans are contributory, with retiree contributions adjusted annually, and contain other cost-sharing features such as deductibles and coinsurance.

Obligations and funded status — The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in benefit obligations, plan assets, and funded status of our retirement plans for each fiscal year (in thousands):



	Qualified Plan						SERP						Postretirement Health Plans
	2019			2018			2019			2018			2019			2018
Change in benefit obligation:
Obligation at beginning of year	$	457,109		$	493,767		$	73,067		$	78,401		$	23,461		$	25,660
Service cost	—			1,743			—			490			—			—
Interest cost	19,825			19,463			3,080			2,894			997			955
Participant contributions	—			—			—			—			112			115
Actuarial loss (gain)	61,029			(37,872		)	8,771			(4,686		)	2,343			(1,720		)
Benefits paid	(12,224		)	(10,949		)	(5,025		)	(4,032		)	(1,354		)	(1,563		)
Settlements	(3,808		)	(9,043		)	—			—			—			—
Other	—			—			—			—			73			14
Obligation at end of year	$	521,931		$	457,109		$	79,893		$	73,067		$	25,632		$	23,461
Change in plan assets:
Fair value at beginning of year	$	456,127		$	460,709		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Actual return on plan assets	36,099			15,410			—			—			—			—
Participant contributions	—			—			—			—			112			115
Employer contributions	—			—			5,025			4,032			1,169			1,435
Benefits paid	(12,224		)	(10,949		)	(5,025		)	(4,032		)	(1,354		)	(1,563		)
Settlements	(3,808		)	(9,043		)	—			—			—			—
Other	—			—			—			—			73			13
Fair value at end of year	$	476,194		$	456,127		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Funded status at end of year	$	(45,737	)	$	(982	)	$	(79,893	)	$	(73,067	)	$	(25,632	)	$	(23,461	)
Amounts recognized on the balance sheet:
Current liabilities	$	—		$	—		$	(5,371	)	$	(5,037	)	$	(1,379	)	$	(1,353	)
Noncurrent liabilities	(45,737		)	(982		)	(74,522		)	(68,030		)	(24,253		)	(22,108		)
Total liability recognized	$	(45,737	)	$	(982	)	$	(79,893	)	$	(73,067	)	$	(25,632	)	$	(23,461	)
Amounts in AOCI not yet reflected in net periodic benefit cost:
Unamortized actuarial loss (gain), net	$	187,705		$	139,195		$	34,803		$	27,239		$	235		$	(2,267	)
Unamortized prior service cost	—			—			157			271			—			—
Total	$	187,705		$	139,195		$	34,960		$	27,510		$	235		$	(2,267	)
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in OCI:
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	51,263		$	(25,072	)	$	8,771		$	(4,686	)	$	2,343		$	(1,720	)
Amortization of actuarial (loss) gain	(2,754		)	(3,331		)	(1,207		)	(1,538		)	159			27
Amortization of prior service cost	—			—			(115		)	(146		)	—			—
Total recognized in OCI	48,509			(28,403		)	7,449			(6,370		)	2,502			(1,693		)
Net periodic benefit (credit) cost and other losses	(3,755		)	(3,673		)	4,402			5,068			838			928
Total recognized in comprehensive income	$	44,754		$	(32,076	)	$	11,851		$	(1,302	)	$	3,340		$	(765	)
Amounts in AOCI expected to be amortized in fiscal 2020 net periodic benefit cost:
Net actuarial loss	$	4,125					$	1,652					$	17
Prior service cost	—						84						—
Total	$	4,125					$	1,736					$	17

Additional year-end pension plan information — The PBO is the actuarial present value of benefits attributable to employee service rendered to date, including the effects of estimated future pay increases. The accumulated benefit obligation (“ABO”) also reflects the actuarial present value of benefits attributable to employee service rendered to date but does not include the effects of estimated future pay increases. Therefore, the ABO as compared to plan assets is an indication of the assets currently available to fund vested and nonvested benefits accrued through the end of the fiscal year. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair value of a plan’s assets and its PBO.

As of September 29, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the Qualified Plan’s ABO exceeded the fair value of its plan assets. The SERP is an unfunded plan and, as such, had no plan assets as of September 29, 2019 and September 30, 2018. The following sets forth the PBO, ABO, and fair value of plan assets of our pension plans as of the measurement date in each fiscal year (in thousands):



	2019		2018
Qualified Plan:
Projected benefit obligation	$	521,931	$	457,109
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	521,931	$	457,109
Fair value of plan assets	$	476,194	$	456,127
SERP:
Projected benefit obligation	$	79,893	$	73,067
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	79,893	$	73,067
Fair value of plan assets	$	—	$	—

Net periodic benefit cost — The components of the fiscal year net periodic benefit cost were as follows (in thousands):



	2019			2018			2017
Qualified Plan:
Interest cost	$	19,825		$	19,463		$	19,889
Expected return on plan assets	(26,334		)	(26,467		)	(26,811		)
Actuarial loss	2,754			3,331			4,455
Net periodic benefit credit	$	(3,755	)	$	(3,673	)	$	(2,467	)
SERP:
Service cost	$	—		$	490		$	855
Interest cost	3,080			2,894			2,850
Actuarial loss	1,207			1,538			1,659
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost	115			146			153
Net periodic benefit cost	$	4,402		$	5,068		$	5,517
Postretirement health plans:
Interest cost	$	997		$	955		$	1,003
Actuarial (gain) loss	(159		)	(27		)	162
Net periodic benefit cost	$	838		$	928		$	1,165

Changes in presentation —As discussed in Note 1, Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, we adopted ASU 2017-07 during the first quarter of 2019 using the retrospective method, which changed the financial statement presentation of service costs and the other components of net periodic benefit cost. The service cost component continues to be included in operating income; however, the other components are now presented in a separate line below earnings from operations captioned “Other pension and post-retirement expenses, net” in our consolidated statements of earnings. Further, in connection with the adoption, plan administrative expenses historically presented as a component of service cost are now presented as a component of expected return on plan assets. The prior year components of net periodic benefit costs and assumptions on the long-term rate of return on assets have been recast to conform to current year presentation.

Prior service costs are amortized on a straight-line basis from date of participation to full eligibility. Unrecognized gains or losses are amortized using the “corridor approach” under which the net gain or loss in excess of 10% of the greater of the PBO or the market-related value of the assets, if applicable, is amortized. For our Qualified Plan, actuarial losses are amortized over the average future expected lifetime of all participants expected to receive benefits. For our SERP, actuarial losses are amortized over the expected remaining future lifetime for inactive participants, and for our postretirement health plans, actuarial losses are amortized over the expected remaining future lifetime of inactive participants expected to receive benefits.

Assumptions — We determine our actuarial assumptions on an annual basis. In determining the present values of our benefit obligations and net periodic benefit costs as of and for the fiscal years ended September 29, 2019, September 30, 2018, and October 1, 2017, we used the following weighted-average assumptions:



	2019	2018	2017
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations (1):
Qualified Plan:
Discount rate	3.36%	4.40%	3.99%
SERP:
Discount rate	3.24%	4.37%	3.80%
Rate of future pay increases	3.50%	3.50%	3.50%
Postretirement health plans:
Discount rate	3.24%	4.38%	3.82%
Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost (2):
Qualified Plan:
Discount rate	4.40%	3.99%	3.85%
Long-term rate of return on assets	5.85%	5.80%	6.19%
SERP:
Discount rate	4.37%	3.80%	3.60%
Rate of future pay increases	3.50%	3.50%	3.50%
Postretirement health plans:
Discount rate	4.38%	3.82%	3.64%

____________________________


(1)	Determined as of end of year.


(2)	Determined as of beginning of year.

The assumed discount rates were determined by considering the average of pension yield curves constructed of a population of high-quality bonds with a Moody’s or Standard and Poor’s rating of “AA” or better whose cash flow from coupons and maturities match the year-by-year projected benefit payments from the plans. As benefit payments typically extend beyond the date of the longest maturing bond, cash flows beyond 30 years were discounted back to the 30th year and then matched like any other payment.

The assumed expected long-term rate of return on assets is the weighted-average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested or to be invested to provide for the pension obligations. The long-term rate of return on assets was determined taking into consideration our projected asset allocation and economic forecasts prepared with the assistance of our actuarial consultants.

The assumed discount rate and expected long-term rate of return on assets have a significant effect on amounts reported for our pension and postretirement plans. A quarter percentage point decrease in the discount rate and long-term rate of return used would have decreased fiscal 2019 earnings before income taxes by $0.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

The assumed average rate of compensation increase is the average annual compensation increase expected over the remaining employment periods for the participating employees. For our Qualified Plan, no future pay increases were included in our benefit obligation assumptions as, effective December 31, 2015, our plan participants no longer accrue benefits.

For measurement purposes, the weighted-average assumed health care cost trend rates for our postretirement health plans were as follows for each fiscal year:



	2019	2018	2017
Healthcare cost trend rate for next year:
Participants under age 65	7.00%	7.25%	7.50%
Participants age 65 or older	6.50%	6.75%	7.00%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline:
Participants under age 65	4.50%	4.50%	4.50%
Participants age 65 or older	4.50%	4.50%	4.50%
Year the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate:
Participants under age 65	2030	2030	2030
Participants age 65 or older	2028	2028	2028

The assumed healthcare cost trend rate represents our estimate of the annual rates of change in the costs of the healthcare benefits currently provided by our postretirement plans. The healthcare cost trend rate implicitly considers estimates of healthcare inflation, changes in healthcare utilization and delivery patterns, technological advances and changes in the health status of the plan participants. The healthcare cost trend rate assumption has a significant effect on the amounts reported. For example, a 1.0% change in the assumed healthcare cost trend rate would have the following effect on the fiscal 2019 net periodic benefit cost and end of year PBO (in thousands):



	1% Point Increase		1% Point Decrease
Total interest and service cost	$	106	$	(92	)
Postretirement benefit obligation	$	2,737	$	(2,365	)

Plan assets — Our investment philosophy is to (1) protect the corpus of the fund; (2) establish investment objectives that will allow the market value to exceed the present value of the vested and unvested liabilities over time; while (3) obtaining adequate investment returns to protect benefits promised to the participants and their beneficiaries. Our asset allocation strategy utilizes multiple investment managers in order to maximize the plan’s return while minimizing risk. We regularly monitor our asset allocation, and senior financial management and the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors review performance results quarterly. We continually review our target asset allocation for our Qualified Plan and when changes are made, we reallocate our plan assets over a period of time, as deemed appropriate by senior financial management, to achieve our target asset allocation. Our plan asset allocation at the end of fiscal 2019 and target allocations were as follows:



	2019	Target	Minimum	Maximum
Cash & cash equivalents	2%	—%	—%	—%
Domestic Equities	21%	23%	12%	32%
International equity	20%	22%	12%	32%
Core fixed funds	37%	32%	27%	37%
High yield	2%	4%	—%	8%
Alternative investments	9%	8%	—%	16%
Real estate	9%	7%	2%	12%
Real return bonds	—%	4%	—%	8%
	100%	100%

The Company measures its defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of the month-end date closest to its fiscal year end, which is a practical expedient under FASB authoritative guidance. The fair values of the Qualified Plan’s assets by asset category are as follows (in thousands):



		Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Items Measured at Fair Value at September 30, 2019:
Asset Category:
Cash and cash equivalents	(1)	$	10,110	$	—	$	10,110	$	—
Equity:
U.S	(2)	99,124		99,124		—		—
International	(3),(4)	94,953		47,262		—		—
Fixed income:
Investment grade	(5)	177,500		—		177,500		—
High yield	(6)	9,256		9,256		—		—
Alternatives	(4),(7)	42,052		—		—		—
Real estate	(4),(8)	43,199		—		—		—
		$	476,194	$	155,642	$	187,610	$	—
Items Measured at Fair Value at September 30, 2018:
Asset Category:
Cash and cash equivalents	(1)	$	2,901	$	—	$	2,901	$	—
Equity:
U.S	(2)	104,424		104,424		—		—
International	(3),(4)	100,340		49,857		—		—
Fixed income:
Investment grade	(5)	160,106		—		160,106		—
High yield	(6)	14,384		14,384		—		—
Alternatives	(4),(7)	35,964		—		—		—
Real estate	(4),(8)	38,008		—		—		—
		$	456,127	$	168,665	$	163,007	$	—

_________________________


(1)	Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of commercial paper, short-term bills and notes, and short-term investment funds, which are valued at quoted prices in active markets for similar securities.


(2)	U.S. equity securities are comprised of investments in common stock of U.S. companies for total return purposes. These investments are valued by the trustee at closing prices from national exchanges on the valuation date.

(3)

International equity securities are comprised of investments in common stock of companies located outside of the U.S for total return purposes. These investments are valued by the trustee at closing prices from national exchanges on the valuation date, or the values are adjusted as a result of market movements following the close of local trading using inputs to models that are observable either directly or indirectly. The portion of these investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient (see note 4 below) can be redeemed on a monthly basis.


(4)	Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.

(5)

Investment grade fixed income consists of debt obligations either issued by the US government or have a rating of BBB- / Baa or higher assigned by a major credit rating agency. These investments are valued based on unadjusted quoted market prices (Level 1), or based on quoted prices in inactive markets, or whose values are based on models, but the inputs to those models are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2).


(6)	High yield fixed income consists primarily of debt obligations that have a rating of below BBB- / Baa or lower assigned by a major credit rating agency. These investments are valued based on unadjusted quoted market prices.


(7)	Alternative investments consist primarily of an investment in asset classes other than stocks, bonds, and cash. Alternative investments can include commodities, hedge funds, private equity, managed futures, and derivatives. These investments are valued based on unadjusted quoted market prices and can be redeemed on a bi-monthly basis.


(8)	Real estate is investments in a real estate collective trust for purposes of total return. These investments are valued based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These investments can be redeemed on a quarterly basis.

Future cash flows — Our policy is to fund our plans at or above the minimum required by law. As of the date of our last actuarial funding valuation, there was no minimum requirement. We do not anticipate making any contributions to our Qualified Plan in fiscal 2020. Contributions expected to be paid in the next fiscal year, the projected benefit payments for each of the next five fiscal years, and the total aggregate amount for the subsequent five fiscal years are as follows (in thousands):



	Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Postretirement Health Plans
Estimated net contributions during fiscal 2020	$	5,371	$	1,401
Estimated future year benefit payments during fiscal years:
2020	$	123,471	$	1,401
2021	$	18,371	$	1,431
2022	$	18,681	$	1,476
2023	$	19,135	$	1,574
2024	$	19,690	$	1,607
2025-2029	$	109,169	$	8,242

We will continue to evaluate contributions to our Qualified Plan based on changes in pension assets as a result of asset performance in the current market and economic environment. Expected benefit payments are based on the same assumptions used to measure our benefit obligations at September 29, 2019 and include estimated future employee service, if applicable.