Basis Of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Jul. 07, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Nature of operations — Founded in 1951, Jack in the Box Inc. (the “Company”) operates and franchises Jack in the Box^® quick-service restaurants. The following table summarizes the number of restaurants as of the end of each period:



	July 7, 2019	July 8, 2018
Company-operated	137	146
Franchise	2,105	2,095
Total system	2,242	2,241

References to the Company throughout these notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are made using the first person notations of “we,” “us” and “our.”

Basis of presentation — The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 (“2018 Form 10-K”). The accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in our 2018 Form 10-K with the exception of two new accounting pronouncements adopted in fiscal 2019, which are described below.

On December 19, 2017, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell Qdoba Restaurant Corporation (“Qdoba”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company which operates and franchises more than 700 Qdoba Mexican Eats^® fast-casual restaurants, to certain funds managed by affiliates of Apollo Global Management, LLC (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Buyer”). The sale was completed on March 21, 2018. For all periods presented in our condensed consolidated statements of earnings, all sales, costs, expenses and income taxes attributable to Qdoba, except as related to the impact of the decrease in the federal statutory tax rate (see Note 9, Income Taxes), have been aggregated under the caption “(Losses) earnings from discontinued operations, net of income taxes.” Refer to Note 3, Discontinued Operations, for additional information.

Unless otherwise noted, amounts and disclosures throughout these notes to condensed consolidated financial statements relate to our continuing operations. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial condition and results of operations for these interim periods have been included. Operating results for one interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for any other interim period or for the full year.

Segment reporting — As a result of our sale of Qdoba, which has been classified as discontinued operations, we now have one reporting segment.

Reclassifications and adjustments — We recorded certain adjustments in fiscal 2019 upon the adoption of a new accounting pronouncement; see details regarding the effects of the adoption on our condensed consolidated financial statements below.

Fiscal year — Our fiscal year is 52 or 53 weeks ending the Sunday closest to September 30. Fiscal years 2019 and 2018 include 52 weeks. Our first quarter includes 16-weeks and all other quarters include 12-weeks. All comparisons between 2019 and 2018 refer to the 12-weeks (“quarter”) and 40-weeks (“year-to-date”) ended July 7, 2019 and July 8, 2018, respectively, unless otherwise indicated.

Use of estimates — In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management is required to make certain assumptions and estimates that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and the disclosure of contingencies. In making these assumptions and estimates, management may from time to time seek advice and consider information provided by actuaries and other experts in a particular area. Actual amounts could differ materially from these estimates.

Advertising costs — We administer a marketing fund which includes contractual contributions. In 2019 and 2018, marketing fund contributions from franchise and company-operated restaurants were approximately 5.0% of gross revenues, and year-to-date incremental contributions made by the Company were $2.0 million and $3.3 million, respectively.

Production costs of commercials, programming and other marketing activities are charged to the marketing fund when the advertising is first used for its intended purpose, and the costs of advertising are charged to operations as incurred. Total contributions made by the Company, including incremental contributions, are included in “Selling, general, and administrative expenses” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of earnings. Advertising costs for the quarter and year-to-date in 2019 were $4.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively, and in 2018 were $5.9 million and $22.0 million, respectively.

Effect of new accounting pronouncements adopted in fiscal 2019 — In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue Recognition - Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASC 606”), which provides a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires an entity to recognize revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive for the transfer of promised goods or services to its customers. The standard also requires additional disclosure regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted the new standard on October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method, whereby the cumulative effect of this transition to applicable contracts with customers that were not completed as of October 1, 2018 was recorded as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings as of this date. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.

The new revenue recognition standard did not impact our recognition of restaurant sales, rental revenues, or royalty fees from franchisees. The new pronouncement changed the way initial fees from franchisees for new restaurant openings or new franchise terms are recognized. Under the previous revenue recognition guidance, initial franchise fees were recognized as revenue at the time when a new restaurant opened or at the start of a new franchise term. In accordance with the new guidance, the initial franchise services are not distinct from the continuing rights and services offered during the term of the franchise agreement and will therefore be treated as a single performance obligation together with the continuing rights and services. As such, initial fees received will be recognized over the franchise term and any unamortized portion will be recorded as deferred revenue in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. An adjustment to opening retained earnings and a corresponding contract liability of approximately $50.3 million (of which $5.0 million was current and $45.3 million was long-term) was established on the date of adoption. A deferred tax asset of approximately $13.0 million related to this contract liability was also established on the date of adoption.

The new standard also had an impact on transactions presented net and not included in our revenues and expenses such as franchisee contributions to and expenditures from our advertising fund, and sourcing and technology fee contributions from franchisees and the related expenses. We determined that we are the principal in these arrangements, and as such, contributions to and expenditures from the advertising fund, and sourcing and technology fees and expenditures are now reported on a gross basis within our consolidated statements of earnings. While this change materially impacted our gross amount of reported revenues and expenses, the impact will be largely offsetting with no material impact to our reported net earnings. However, any annual surplus or deficit in the marketing fund will impact income from operations and net income.

The following table summarizes the impacts of adopting ASC 606 on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the 12-weeks and 40-weeks ended July 7, 2019 (in thousands):



				Adjustments
	As Reported			Franchise Fees			Marketing and Sourcing Fees			Technology Support Fees			Balances without Adoption
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings
12-Weeks Ended July 7, 2019
Franchise royalties and other	$	40,180		$	(918	)	$	—		$	—		$	39,262
Franchise contributions for advertising and other services	$	40,386		$	—		$	(38,133	)	$	(2,253	)	$	—
Total revenues	$	222,359		$	(918	)	$	(38,133	)	$	(2,253	)	$	181,055
Franchise advertising and other services expenses	$	41,882		$	—		$	(38,133	)	$	(3,749	)	$	—
Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	24,389		$	—		$	—		$	1,496		$	25,885
Total operating costs and expenses, net	$	174,098		$	—		$	(38,133	)	$	(2,253	)	$	133,712
Earnings from operations	$	48,261		$	(918	)	$	—		$	—		$	47,343
Earnings from continuing operations and before income taxes	$	11,425		$	(918	)	$	—		$	—		$	10,507
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(2,048	)	$	(237	)	$	—		$	—		$	(2,285	)
Earnings from continuing operations	$	13,473		$	(681	)	$	—		$	—		$	12,792
Net earnings	$	13,189		$	(681	)	$	—		$	—		$	12,508

40-Weeks Ended July 7, 2019
Franchise royalties and other	$	130,840		$	(2,983	)	$	—		$	—		$	127,857
Franchise contributions for advertising and other services	$	131,189		$	—		$	(124,187	)	$	(7,002	)	$	—
Total revenues	$	728,872		$	(2,983	)	$	(124,187	)	$	(7,002	)	$	594,700
Franchise advertising and other services expenses	$	136,397		$	—		$	(124,187	)	$	(12,210	)	$	—
Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	66,057		$	—		$	—		$	5,208		$	71,265
Total operating costs and expenses, net	$	575,164		$	—		$	(124,187	)	$	(7,002	)	$	443,975
Earnings from operations	$	153,708		$	(2,983	)	$	—		$	—		$	150,725
Earnings from continuing operations and before income taxes	$	85,423		$	(2,983	)	$	—		$	—		$	82,440
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	15,699		$	(769	)	$	—		$	—		$	14,930
Earnings from continuing operations	$	69,724		$	(2,214	)	$	—		$	—		$	67,510
Net earnings	$	72,376		$	(2,214	)	$	—		$	—		$	70,162

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
July 7, 2019
Prepaid expenses	$	17,484		$	769		$	—		$	—		$	18,253
Total current assets	$	105,997		$	769		$	—		$	—		$	106,766
Deferred tax assets	$	72,903		$	(12,958	)	$	—		$	—		$	59,945
Other assets, net	$	215,234		$	269		$	—		$	—		$	215,503
Total other assets	$	335,335		$	(12,689	)	$	—		$	—		$	322,646
Total assets	$	831,270		$	(11,920	)	$	—		$	—		$	819,350
Accrued liabilities	$	124,823		$	(4,968	)	$	—		$	—		$	119,855
Total current liabilities	$	218,849		$	(4,968	)	$	—		$	—		$	213,881
Other long-term liabilities	$	221,219		$	(42,067	)	$	—		$	—		$	179,152
Total long-term liabilities	$	1,192,982		$	(42,067	)	$	—		$	—		$	1,150,915
Retained earnings	$	1,565,287		$	35,114		$	—		$	—		$	1,600,401
Total stockholders’ deficit	$	(580,561	)	$	35,114		$	—		$	—		$	(545,447	)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	831,270		$	(11,921	)	$	—		$	—		$	819,349

The adoption of ASC 606 had no impact on the Company’s cash provided by or used in operating, investing or financing activities as previously reported in its condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This standard requires the presentation of the service cost component of net benefit costs to be in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. All other components of net benefit costs should be presented separately from the service cost component and outside of a subtotal of earnings from operations, or separately disclosed. We adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 applying the retrospective method. As a result of the adoption, 2018 quarter and year-to-date amounts of $0.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively, previously reported within “Selling, general, and administrative expenses” have been reclassified to a separate line under earnings from operations to conform to current year presentation.

Effect of new accounting pronouncements to be adopted in future periods — In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (as subsequently amended by ASU 2018-01, ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, ASU 2018-20 and ASU 2019-01) which requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under previous guidance. Based on a preliminary assessment, we expect that most of our operating lease commitments will be subject to the new guidance and recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon adoption, resulting in a significant increase in the assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The accounting guidance for lessors will remain largely unchanged from previous guidance, with the exception of the presentation of certain lease costs that the Company passes through to lessees, including but not limited to, property taxes and maintenance. These costs are generally paid by the Company and reimbursed by the lessee. Historically, these costs have been recorded on a net basis in the consolidated statements of operations, but will be presented gross upon adoption of the new guidance. While we are unable to quantify the impact at this time, we do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated statement of earnings and statement of cash flows.

We will be required to adopt this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and plan to utilize the alternative transition method, whereby an entity records a cumulative adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption without restating prior periods. The new standard also provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We expect to elect the transition package of three practical expedients, which, among other items, permits us not to reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We also expect to elect the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify, permitting us to not apply the recognition requirements of this standard to leases with a term of 12 months or less. We also expect to elect the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our leases. We do not expect to elect the use-of-hindsight practical expedient, and therefore expect to continue to utilize lease terms determined under the existing lease guidance.

We are continuing our evaluation, which may identify additional impacts this standard and its amendments will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.