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Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Mitek Systems, Inc. (“Mitek” or the “Company”) is a leading innovator of mobile image capture and digital identity verification solutions. Mitek is a software development company with expertise in computer vision, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. The Company is currently serving more than 6,500 financial services organizations and leading marketplace and financial technology (“fintech”) brands across the globe. The Company’s solutions are embedded in native mobile apps and browsers to facilitate better online user experiences, fraud detection and reduction, and compliant transactions.

Mitek’s Mobile Deposit® solution is used today by millions of consumers in the United States (“U.S.”) and Canada for mobile check deposit. Mobile Deposit® enables individuals and businesses to remotely deposit checks using their camera-equipped smartphone or tablet. Mitek’s Mobile Deposit® solution is embedded within the financial institutions’ digital banking apps used by consumers and has now processed over three billion check deposits. Mitek began selling Mobile Deposit® in early 2008 and received its first patent issued for this product in August 2010. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has been granted 57 patents and it has an additional 25 patent applications pending.

Mitek’s Mobile Verify® verifies a user’s identity online enabling organizations to build safer digital communities. Scanning an identity document helps enable an enterprise to verify the identity of the person with whom they are conducting business, comply with growing governmental Anti-Money Laundering (“AML”) and Know Your Customer (“KYC”) regulatory requirements, and to improve the overall customer experience for digital onboarding. To be sure the person submitting the identity document is who they say they are, Mitek’s Mobile Verify Face Comparison provides an additional layer of online verification and compares the face on the submitted identity document with the live selfie photo of the user.

The combination of identity document capture and data extraction process enables the organization to prefill the end user’s application, with far fewer key strokes, thus reducing keying errors, and improving both operational efficiency and the customer experience. Today, the financial services verticals (banks, credit unions, lenders, payments processors, card issuers, fintech companies, etc.) represent the greatest percentage of use of our solutions, but there is accelerated adoption by marketplaces, sharing economy, and hospitality sectors. Mitek uses artificial intelligence and machine learning to constantly improve the product performance of Mobile Verify® such as speed and accuracy of approvals of identification documents. The core of Mitek’s user experience is driven by Mitek MiSnap™, the leading image capture technology, which is incorporated across the Company’s product lines. It provides a simple, intuitive, and superior user-experience, making digital transactions faster, more accurate, and easier for the consumer. Mobile Fill® automates application prefill of any form with user data by simply snapping a picture of the driver’s license or other similar user identity document.

CheckReader™ enables financial institutions to automatically extract data from a check image received across any deposit channel – branch, ATM, RDC, and mobile. Through the automatic recognition of all fields on checks, whether handwritten or machine print, CheckReader™ speeds the time to deposit for banks and customers and helps enable financial institutions to comply with check clearing regulations.

The Company markets and sells its products and services worldwide through internal, direct sales teams located in the U.S., Europe, and Latin America as well as through channel partners. The Company’s partner sales strategy includes channel partners who are financial services technology providers and identity verification providers. These partners integrate the Company’s products into their solutions to meet the needs of their customers.

Basis of Presentation

The financial statements are prepared under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 105-10, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”).

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Foreign Currency

Foreign CurrencyThe Company has foreign subsidiaries that operate and sell products and services in various countries and jurisdictions around the world. As a result, the Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange risks. For those subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars equivalents at the exchange rate in effect on the balance sheet date and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rate over the period. Resulting currency translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheet.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, deferred taxes, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates based upon currently available information. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. These estimates include, but are not limited to, assessing the collectability of accounts receivable, estimation of the value of stock-based compensation awards, fair value of assets and liabilities acquired, impairment of goodwill, useful lives of intangible assets, standalone selling price related to revenue recognition, contingent consideration, and income taxes.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and its related amendments (collectively known as “ASC 606”). ASC 606 outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The core principle, involving a five-step process, of the revenue model is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company generates revenue primarily from the delivery of licenses and related services (for both on premise and transactional software as a service (“SaaS”) products), as well as the delivery of hardware and professional services. Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer which may be at a point in time or over time. See Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company calculates net income (loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share. Basic net income (loss) per share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share also gives effect to all potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period, such as restricted stock units (“RSUs”), stock options, and Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") shares, if dilutive. In a period with a net loss position, potentially dilutive securities are not included in the computation of diluted net loss because to do so would be antidilutive, and the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss is the same.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are defined as highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company's cash and cash equivalents are composed of interest and non-interest-bearing deposits and money market funds.

Investments

Investments consist of corporate notes and bonds, commercial paper, and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies investments as available-for-sale at the time of purchase and reevaluates such classification as of each balance sheet date. All investments are recorded at estimated fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of stockholders’ equity. The Company evaluates its investments to assess whether those with unrealized loss positions are other-than-temporarily impaired. Impairments are considered to be other-than-temporary if they are related to deterioration in credit risk or if it is likely that the Company will sell the securities before the recovery of its cost basis. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary are determined based on the specific identification method and are reported in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss). No other-than-temporary impairment charges were recognized in the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

All investments whose maturity or sale is expected within one year are classified as “current” on the consolidated balance sheet. All other securities are classified as “long-term” on the consolidated balance sheet.

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accrued liabilities are considered representative of their respective fair values because of the short-term nature of those instruments.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful AccountsTrade accounts receivable are recorded at the net invoice value and are not interest bearing. The Company considers receivables past due based on the contractual payment terms. Allowances for doubtful accounts are established based on various factors including credit profiles of the Company’s customers, contractual terms and conditions, historical payments, and current economic trends. The Company reviews its allowances by assessing individual accounts receivable over a specific aging and amount. Accounts receivable are written off on a case-by-case basis, net of any amounts that may be collected.

Property and Equipment

Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment are carried at cost.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-Lived AssetsThe Company evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets, including license agreements and other intangible assets, when events and circumstances indicate that these assets may be impaired or in order to determine whether any revision to the related amortization periods should be made. This evaluation is based on management’s projections of the undiscounted future cash flows associated with each product or asset. If management’s evaluation indicates that the carrying values of these intangible assets were impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Capitalized Software Development Costs

Costs incurred for the development of software that will be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed are capitalized when technological feasibility has been established. Software development costs consist primarily of compensation of development personnel and related overhead incurred to develop new products and upgrade and enhance the Company’s current products, as well as fees paid to outside consultants. Capitalization of software development costs ceases and amortization of capitalized software development costs commences when the products are available for general release. For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, no software development costs were capitalized because the time period and cost incurred between technological feasibility and general release for all software product releases were not material. The Company had no amortization expense from capitalized software costs during the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018, or 2017.

Costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet our internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development, are capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during post implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. The Company defines the design, configuration, and coding process as the application development stage.

Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

The Company’s goodwill resulted from prior acquisitions. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment at least annually or as circumstances indicate that their value may no longer be recoverable. In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC Topic 350”), the Company reviews its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset for impairment at least annually in its fiscal fourth quarter and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate a potential reduction in the fair value of its reporting unit and/or its indefinite-lived intangible asset below their respective carrying values. Examples of such events or circumstances include: a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, a significant decline in the Company’s stock price, a significant decline in the Company’s projected revenue

or cash flows, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, or the presence of other indicators that would indicate a reduction in the fair value of a reporting unit.

The Company’s goodwill is considered to be impaired if management determines that the carrying value of the reporting unit to which the goodwill has been assigned exceeds management’s estimate of its fair value. Based on the guidance provided by ASC Topic 350 and ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC Topic 280”), management has determined that the Company operates in one segment and consists of one reporting unit given the similarities in economic characteristics between its operations and the common nature of its products, services and customers. Because the Company has only one reporting unit, and because the Company is publicly traded, the Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit based on its market capitalization as it believe this represents the best evidence of fair value. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, management completed its annual goodwill impairment test and concluded that the Company’s goodwill was not impaired. The Company’s conclusion that goodwill was not impaired was based on a comparison of its net assets to its market capitalization.

Because the Company determines the fair value of its reporting unit based on its market capitalization, the Company’s future reviews of goodwill for impairment may be impacted by changes in the price of its common stock, par value $0.001 per share ("Common Stock"). For example, a significant decline in the price of the Company’s Common Stock may cause the fair value of its goodwill to fall below its carrying value. Therefore, the Company cannot provide assurance that when it completes its future reviews of goodwill for impairment, a material impairment charge will not be recorded.

Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their useful lives. Each period, the Company evaluates the estimated remaining useful life of its intangible assets and whether events or changes in circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. The carrying amounts of these assets are periodically reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of each asset to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. The carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value if the undiscounted cash flows used in the test for recoverability are less than the carrying amount of such assets. No impairment charge related to the impairment of intangible assets was recorded during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Guarantees

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is not subject to potential obligations under guarantees that fall within the scope of FASB ASC Topic 460, Guarantees (“ASC 460”), except for standard indemnification and warranty provisions that are contained within many of the Company’s customer license and service agreements and certain supplier agreements, and give rise only to the disclosure requirements prescribed by ASC 460. Indemnification and warranty provisions contained within the Company’s customer license and service agreements and certain supplier agreements are generally consistent with those prevalent in the Company’s industry. The Company has not historically incurred significant obligations under customer indemnification or warranty provisions and does not expect to incur significant obligations in the future. Accordingly, the Company does not maintain accruals for potential customer indemnification or warranty-related obligations.

Loss Contingencies

The Company records its best estimates of a loss contingency when it is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When a range of loss can be reasonably estimated with no best estimate in the range, the Company records the minimum estimated liability related to the claim. As additional information becomes available, the Company assesses the potential liability related to the Company’s pending loss contingency and revises its estimates. The Company discloses contingencies if there is at least a reasonable possibility that a material loss or a material additional loss may have been incurred. The Company’s legal costs are expensed as incurred.

Other Borrowings

Other BorrowingsThe Company has certain loan agreements with Spanish government agencies which were assumed when the Company acquired ICAR. These agreements have repayment periods of five to twelve years and bear no interest.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.

Management evaluates the available evidence about future taxable income and other possible sources of realization of deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance reduces deferred tax assets to an amount that represents management’s best estimate of the amount of such deferred tax assets that more likely than not will be realized. See Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details.

The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. See Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company issues RSUs, stock options, performance options, and Senior Executive Long-Term Incentive Restricted Stock Units (“Senior Executive Performance RSUs”) as awards to its employees. Additionally, eligible employees may participate in the Company’s ESPP. Employee stock awards are measured at fair value on the date of grant and expense is recognized using the straight-line single-option method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Forfeitures are recorded as they occur.

The Company assigns fair value to RSUs based on the closing stock price of its Common Stock on the date of grant.

The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and ESPP shares using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate selected to value any particular grant is based on the U.S. Treasury rate that corresponds to the expected life of the grant effective as of the date of the grant. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. These factors could change in the future, affecting the determination of stock-based compensation expense in future periods.

The Company estimates the fair value of performance options, Senior Executive Performance RSUs, and similar awards using the Monte-Carlo simulation. The Monte-Carlo simulation requires subjective assumptions, including the Company’s valuation date stock price, the annual risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, the probability of reaching the stock performance targets, and a 20-trading-day average stock price.

Advertising Expense

Advertising ExpenseAdvertising costs are expensed as incurred

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred.

Leases

Leases are reviewed and classified as capital or operating at their inception. For leases that contain rent escalations, the Company records the total rent payable on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The difference between rent payments and straight-line rent expense is recorded as deferred rent.

Segment Reporting

FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires the use of a management approach in identifying segments of an enterprise. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, management determined that the Company has only one operating segment: the development, sale, and service of proprietary software solutions related to mobile imaging.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive Income (Loss)Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss), unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory (“ASU 2016-16”), which eliminates the current prohibition on immediate recognition of the current and deferred income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory, with the intent of reducing complexity and diversity in practice. Under ASU 2016-16, entities must recognize the income tax consequences when the transfer occurs rather than deferring recognition. For public entities, ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal years, including interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Entities must apply the guidance on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2016-16 in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance codified in ASC 606 to replace existing revenue recognition rules with a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services for an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, ASC 606 requires expanded disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

The Company adopted ASC 606 on October 1, 2018 for all contracts that were not completed as of the adoption date using the modified retrospective method and the practical expedient was not applied. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The Company expects the impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard to be immaterial to our net income on an ongoing basis.

See Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details on the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

Change in Significant Accounting Policy

Except for the changes below, the Company has consistently applied the accounting policies to all periods presented in its consolidated financial statements. The details of the significant changes and quantitative impact of the changes are disclosed below.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The Company previously recognized license revenue on term licenses and transactional SaaS revenue on the date payments become due and payable. Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the license or transactional SaaS service is transferred to the customer. The Company records a contract asset when the revenue is recognized prior to the date payments become due.

Contract assets that are expected to be paid within one year are recorded in current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. All other contract assets are recorded in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue. When the performance obligation is expected to be fulfilled within one year, the deferred revenue is recorded in current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. When the performance obligation is expected to be fulfilled beyond one year, the deferred revenue is recorded in non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company reports net contract asset or liability positions on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

Contract Acquisition Costs

The Company previously recognized commission costs in the period earned if the contract was for one year or less. Under ASC 606, when the commission rate for a customer renewal is not commensurate with the commission rate for a new contract, the commission is capitalized if expected to be recovered. Such costs are capitalized on a contract-by-contract basis and amortized using a portfolio approach consistent with the pattern of transfer of the good or service to which the asset relates. Contract acquisition costs are recorded in other current and non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Impacts on Financial Statements

The following table summarizes the cumulative effect of the changes made to the consolidated balance sheet as of October 1, 2018 due to the adoption of ASC 606 (amounts in thousands):


	Balance at September 30, 2018		Adjustments Due to the Adoption of ASC 606		Balance at October 1, 2018
Assets
Contract assets	$	—	$	169	$	169
Deferred income tax asset	15,356		(267)		15,089
Other non-current assets	2,147		507		2,654

Liabilities
Deferred revenue, current portion	4,792		(511)		4,281
Deferred revenue, non-current portion	485		—		485

Equity
Accumulated deficit	$	(21,002)	$	920	$	(20,082)

The following tables summarize the impacts of ASC 606 adoption on the Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended September 30, 2019 (amounts in thousands):


Consolidated Statement of Operations










	Impact of changes in accounting policies
Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2019:	As reported		Adjustments		Balances without adoption of ASC 606
Revenue
Software and hardware	$	46,845	$	(2,454)	$	44,391
Service and other	37,745		—		37,745
Total revenue	84,590		(2,454)		82,136

Operating expenses
Selling and marketing	$	27,405	$	15	$	27,420


Consolidated Balance Sheet
	Impact of changes in accounting policies
September 30, 2019:	As reported		Adjustments		Balances without adoption of ASC 606
Assets
Accounts receivable, net	$	14,938	$	414	$	15,352
Contract assets	2,350		(2,350)		—
Deferred income tax asset	16,596		822		17,418
Other non-current assets	2,347		(596)		1,751

Liabilities
Deferred revenue, current portion	5,612		1,124		6,736
Deferred revenue, non-current portion	736		—		736

Equity
Accumulated deficit	$	(20,806)	$	(2,834)	$	(23,640)

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (ASC 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (“ASU 2018-15”), which requires hosting arrangements that are service contracts to follow the guidance for internal-use software to determine which implementation costs can be capitalized. ASU 2018-15 is effective either prospectively or retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2018-15 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, to eliminate, add, and modify certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, but entities are permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the requirements. The Company is currently evaluating how to apply the new guidance.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2018-02”). Under previously existing GAAP, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred tax balances are recorded as a component of income tax expense in the period in which the law was enacted. When deferred tax balances related to items originally recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income are adjusted, certain tax effects become stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”). The amendments in this ASU also require certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. The guidance is required for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (our fiscal year 2020), and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption in any period is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2018-02 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”), which eliminates Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test that had required a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Rather, entities should apply the same impairment assessment to all reporting units and recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, without exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Entities will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU 2017-04 will be effective prospectively for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires entities to use a Current Expected Credit Loss model which is a new impairment model based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under this model, an entity would recognize an impairment allowance equal to its current estimate of all contractual cash flows that the entity does not expect to collect from financial assets measured at amortized cost. The entity’s estimate would consider relevant information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2019 with early adoption permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which modified lease accounting for both lessees and lessors to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous accounting standards and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for each lease with a term longer than twelve months. The recognized liability is measured at the present value of lease payments not yet paid, and the corresponding asset represents the lessee’s right to use the underlying asset over the lease term and is based on the liability, subject to certain adjustments. For income statement purposes, the standard retains the dual model with leases classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern. The standard prescribes a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842)—Targeted Improvements; ASU No. 2018-20, Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors; ASU No. 2019-01, Codification Improvements to Topic 842; and ASU No. 2019-10, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842). ASU No. 2018-11 provides an additional transition method allowing entities to initially apply the new lease standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of fiscal 2020.

The Company plans to adopt this accounting standard update using the optional transition method in ASU 2018-11. Under this method, the Company will not adjust its comparative period financial statements for the effects of the new standard or make the new, expanded required disclosures for periods prior to the effective date. The Company will elect the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance in ASU 2016-02 to not reassess prior conclusions related to contracts containing leases, lease classification and initial direct costs. In addition, the Company will make an accounting policy election that will keep leases with an initial term of twelve months or less off the consolidated balance sheet. The Company will also elect the practical expedient not to separate the non-lease components of a contract from the lease component to which they relate.

The adoption of the new lease standard is expected to result in the recognition of lease liabilities of $7.9 million to $8.4 million and right-of-use assets of $6.5 million to $7.0 million, which include the impact of existing deferred rents and tenant improvement allowances, on the consolidated balance sheet as of October 1, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss) or consolidated statements of cash flows.

No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the year ended September 30, 2019 had, or is expected to have, a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.