EX-3 4 dex3.htm CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF WPP GROUP PLC Consolidated Financial Statements of WPP Group plc

 

Exhibit 3

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED

PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of WPP plc

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of WPP Group plc and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as at 31 December 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of recognised income and expense and consolidated cash flow statements for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of WPP Group plc and subsidiaries as at 31 December 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2007, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted for use in the European Union and IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as at 31 December 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated 9 June 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

Deloitte LLP

London, England

9 June 2008

(March 27, 2009 for the guarantor structure change described in the condensed consolidating financial information.)

 

F-1


Our 2007 financial statements

 

 

Accounting policies

 

The consolidated financial statements of WPP Group plc (the Group) for the year ended 31 December 2007 have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union as they apply to the financial statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2007.

The Group’s financial statements are also prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for the revaluation of certain financial instruments. The principal accounting policies are set out below.

 

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company and all its subsidiary undertakings made up to the same accounting date. All intra-Group balances, transactions, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation. The results of subsidiary undertakings acquired or disposed of during the period are included or excluded from the income statement from the effective date of acquisition or disposal.

 

Goodwill and other intangible assets

Intangible assets comprise goodwill, certain acquired separable corporate brand names, customer relationships and capitalised computer software not integral to a related item of hardware.

Goodwill represents the excess of fair value attributed to investments in businesses or subsidiary undertakings over the fair value of the underlying net assets, including intangible assets, at the date of their acquisition. Acquisitions complement and give rise to synergies with our existing portfolio of businesses, and bring skilled staff to deliver services to our clients. Goodwill arising on acquisitions before the date of transition to IFRS (1 January 2004) has been retained at the previous UK GAAP amounts subject to being tested for impairment. Goodwill written off to reserves under UK GAAP prior to 1998 has not been reinstated and is not included in determining any subsequent profit or loss on disposal.

The Group has taken the option as permitted by IFRS 1 (First-Time Adoption of IFRS) to apply IAS 21 (The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates) retrospectively to fair value adjustments and goodwill arising in all business combinations that occurred before the date of transition to IFRS.

Goodwill impairment reviews are undertaken annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment. The carrying value of goodwill is compared to the net present value of future cash flows derived from the underlying assets using a projection period of up to five years for each cash-generating unit. After the projection period a steady or declining growth rate representing an appropriate long-term growth rate for the industry is applied. Any impairment is recognised immediately as an expense and is not subsequently reversed.

Corporate brand names acquired as part of acquisitions of businesses are capitalised separately from goodwill as intangible assets if their value can be measured reliably on initial recognition and it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the Group.

Certain corporate brands of the Group are considered to have an indefinite economic life because of the institutional nature of the corporate brand names, their proven ability to maintain market leadership and profitable operations over long periods of time and the Group’s commitment to develop and enhance their value. The carrying value of these intangible assets is reviewed at least annually for impairment and adjusted to the recoverable amount if required.

Amortisation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost less estimated residual value of each asset on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life as follows:

 

Acquired intangibles

 

 

Brand names – 10-20 years

 

 

Customer related intangibles – 3-10 years

 

 

Other proprietary tools – 3-10 years

 

 

Other (including capitalised computer software) – 3-5 years

 

Contingent consideration

Future anticipated payments to vendors in respect of contingent consideration (earnouts) are based on

 

F-2


Accounting policies (continued)

 

the directors’ best estimates of future obligations, which are dependent on the future performance of the interests acquired and assume the operating companies improve profits in line with directors’ estimates. When earnouts are to be settled by cash consideration, the fair value of the consideration is obtained by discounting to present value the amounts expected to be payable in the future. The resulting interest charge is included within finance costs.

 

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are shown at cost less accumulated depreciation and any provision for impairment with the exception of freehold land which is not depreciated. The Group assesses the carrying value of its property, plant and equipment to determine if any impairment has occurred.

Where this indicates that an asset may be impaired, the Group applies the requirements of IAS 36 in assessing the carrying amount of the assets. This process includes comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying value. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost less estimated residual value of each asset on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, as follows:

 

 

Freehold buildings – 50 years

 

 

Leasehold land and buildings – over the term of the lease or life of the asset, if shorter

 

 

Fixtures, fittings and equipment – 3-10 years

 

 

Computer equipment – 3-5 years

 

Interests in associates and joint ventures

The Group’s share of the profits less losses of associate undertakings net of tax, interest and minority interest is included in the consolidated income statement and the Group’s share of net assets is shown within interests in associates in the consolidated balance sheet. The Group’s share of the profits less losses and net assets is based on current information produced by the undertakings, adjusted to conform with the accounting policies of the Group.

The Group assesses the carrying value of its associate undertakings to determine if any impairment has occurred. Where this indicates that an investment may be impaired, the Group applies the requirements of IAS 36 in assessing the carrying amount of the investment. This process includes comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying value.

The Group accounts for joint venture investments under the equity method which is consistent with the Group’s treatment of associates.

 

Other investments

Other investments are designated as ‘available for sale’ and are shown at fair value with any movements in fair value taken to equity.

On disposal of the security the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in equity is included in the profit or loss for the year. Impairment losses recognised in profit or loss for equity investments classified as ‘available for sale’ are not subsequently reversed through profit or loss.

 

Inventory and work in progress

Work in progress is valued at cost, which includes outlays incurred on behalf of clients and an appropriate proportion of directly attributable costs and overheads on incomplete assignments. Provision is made for irrecoverable costs where appropriate. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

 

Trade receivables

Trade receivables are stated net of provisions for bad and doubtful debts.

 

Foreign currency and interest rate hedging

The Group’s policy on Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Rate Management sets out the instruments and methods available to hedge interest and currency risk exposures and the control procedures in place to ensure effectiveness.

The Group uses derivative financial instruments to reduce exposure to foreign exchange risk and interest rate movements. The Group does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value at the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at each balance sheet date. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of

 

F-3


Accounting policies (continued)

 

the recognition in profit or loss depends on the nature of the hedge relationship.

At the inception of the hedge relationship the entity documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and hedged item, along with its risk management objectives and its strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. Furthermore, at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, the Group documents whether the hedging instrument that is used in a hedging relationship is highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item.

Note 25 contains details of the fair values of the derivative instruments used for hedging purposes.

Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges are recorded in profit or loss immediately, together with any changes in the fair value of the hedged item that is attributable to the hedged risk.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow or net investment hedges is deferred in equity. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in profit or loss. Amounts deferred in equity are recycled in profit or loss in the periods when the hedged item is recognised in profit or loss. However, when the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial liability, the gains and losses previously deferred in equity are transferred from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the asset or liability.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. At that time, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in equity is retained in equity until the forecast transaction occurs. If a hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in equity is transferred to net profit or loss for the period.

Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments or other host contracts are treated as separate derivatives when their risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of host contracts and the host contracts are not carried at fair value with unrealised gains or losses reported in the income statement.

 

Liabilities in respect of option agreements

Option agreements that allow the Group’s equity partners to require the Group to purchase a minority interest are treated as derivatives over equity instruments and are recorded in the balance sheet at fair value and the valuation is remeasured at each period end. Fair value is based on the present value of expected cash outflows and the movement in the fair value is recognised as income or expense within finance costs in the income statement.

 

Derecognition of financial liabilities

In accordance with IAS 39, a financial liability of the Group is only released to the income statement when the underlying legal obligation is extinguished.

 

Convertible debt

Convertible debt is assessed according to the substance of the contractual arrangements and is classified into liability and equity elements on the basis of the initial fair value of the liability element. The difference between this figure and the cash received is classified as equity.

The income statement charge for the finance cost will be spread evenly over the term of the convertible debt so that at redemption the liability equals the redemption value.

 

Bank borrowings

Other interest-bearing bank loans and overdrafts are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

 

Borrowing costs

Finance costs of borrowing are recognised in the income statement over the term of those borrowings.

 

Revenue recognition

Revenue comprises commission and fees earned in respect of amounts billed. Direct costs include fees paid to external suppliers where they are retained to perform part or all of a specific project for a client and the resulting expenditure is directly attributable to the revenue earned. Revenue is stated exclusive of VAT, sales taxes and trade discounts.

 

F-4


Accounting policies (continued)

 

Advertising and Media Investment Management

Revenue is typically derived from commissions on media placements and fees for advertising services. Revenue may consist of various arrangements involving commissions, fees, incentive-based revenue or a combination of the three, as agreed upon with each client.

Revenue is recognised when the service is performed, in accordance with the terms of the contractual arrangement. Incentive-based revenue typically comprises both quantitative and qualitative elements; on the element related to quantitative targets, revenue is recognised when the quantitative targets have been achieved; on the element related to qualitative targets, revenue is recognised when the incentive is received or receivable.

 

Information, Insight & Consultancy

Revenue recognised in proportion to the level of service performed for market research contracts is based on proportional performance. In assessing contract performance, both input and output criteria are reviewed. Costs incurred are used as an objective input measure of performance. The primary input of all work performed under these arrangements is labour. As a result of the relationship between labour and cost, there is normally a direct relationship between costs incurred and the proportion of the contract performed to date. Costs incurred as a proportion of expected total costs is used as an initial proportional performance measure. This indicative proportional performance measure is subsequently validated against other more subjective criteria (i.e. relevant output measures) such as the percentage of interviews completed, percentage of reports delivered to a client and the achievement of any project milestones stipulated in the contract. In the event of divergence between the objective and more subjective measures, the more subjective measures take precedence since these are output measures.

While most of the studies provided in connection with the Group’s market research contracts are undertaken in response to an individual client’s or group of clients’ specifications, in certain instances a study may be developed as an off-the-shelf product offering sold to a broad client base. For these transactions, revenue is recognised when the product is delivered. Where the terms of transaction provide for licensing the product on a subscription basis, revenue is recognised over the subscription period on a straight-line basis or, if applicable, based on usage.

Substantially all services are provided on a fixed price basis. Pricing may also include a provision for a surcharge where the actual labour hours incurred in completing a project are significantly above the labour hours quoted in the project proposal. In instances where this occurs, the surcharge will be included in the total revenue base on which to measure proportional performance when the actual threshold is reached provided that collectibility is reasonably assured.

 

Public Relations & Public Affairs and Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications

Revenue is typically derived from retainer fees and services to be performed subject to specific agreement. Revenue is recognised when the service is performed, in accordance with the terms of the contractual arrangement. Revenue is recognised on long-term contracts, if the final outcome can be assessed with reasonable certainty, by including in the income statement revenue and related costs as contract activity progresses.

 

Taxation

Corporate taxes are payable on taxable profits at current rates. The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences unless specifically excepted by IAS 12. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that

 

F-5


Accounting policies (continued)

 

taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or other assets and liabilities (other than in a business combination) in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint ventures, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised based on enacted or substantively enacted legislation. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.

 

Retirement benefit costs

For defined contribution schemes, contributions are charged to the income statement as payable in respect of the accounting period.

For defined benefit schemes the amounts charged to operating profit are the current service costs and gains and losses on settlements and curtailments. They are included as part of staff costs. Past service costs are recognised immediately in the income statement if the benefits have vested. If the benefits have not vested, the costs are recognised over the period until vesting occurs. The interest cost and the expected return on assets are shown within finance costs and finance income respectively. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Recognised Income and Expense.

Where defined benefit schemes are funded, the assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Group, in separate trustee-administered funds. Pension scheme assets are measured at fair value and liabilities are measured on an actuarial basis using the projected unit method and discounted at a rate equivalent to the current rate of return on a high-quality corporate bond of equivalent currency and term to the scheme liabilities. The actuarial valuations are obtained at least triennially and are updated at each balance sheet date.

Recognition of a surplus in the defined benefit schemes is limited based on the economic gain the company is expected to benefit from in the future by means of a refund or reduction in future contributions to the plan, in accordance with IAS 19.

 

Finance leases

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets of the Group at the inception of the lease at the lower of their fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Depreciation on leased assets is charged to the income statement on the same basis as owned assets. Leasing payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements and the interest is charged to the income statement as it is incurred.

 

Operating leases

Operating lease rentals are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Any premium or discount on the acquisition of a lease is spread over the life of the lease on a straight-line basis.

 

Translation of foreign currencies

Foreign currency transactions arising from normal trading activities are recorded at the rates in effect at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the year end are translated at the year-end exchange rate. Foreign currency gains and losses are credited or charged to the income statement as they arise.

The income statements of overseas subsidiary undertakings are translated into pounds sterling at average exchange rates and the year-end net assets of these companies are translated at year-end exchange rates.

Exchange differences arising from retranslation of the opening net assets and on foreign currency borrowings (to the extent that they hedge the Group’s investment in such operations) are

 

F-6

 


Accounting policies (continued)

 

reported in the Statement of Recognised Income and Expense.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated at the closing rate.

 

Share-based payments

The Group issues equity-settled share-based payments (including share options) to certain employees and accounts for these awards in accordance with IFRS 2 (Share-based payments). Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value (excluding the effect of non market-based vesting conditions) at the date of grant. The Group has used a Black-Scholes valuation model for this purpose.

The fair value determined at the grant date is recognised in the income statement as an expense on a straight-line basis over the relevant vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of the number of shares that will ultimately vest and adjusted for the effect of non-market-based vesting conditions.

IFRS 2 (Share-based payments) applies to all share-based payments granted since 7 November 2002, but the Group has elected for full retrospective restatement as this better represents the ongoing charge to the income statement.

 

New IFRS accounting pronouncements

In the current year, the Group has adopted IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2007, and the related amendment to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements. The impact of the adoption of IFRS 7 and the changes to IAS 1 has been to expand the disclosures provided in these financial statements regarding the Group’s financial instruments and capital management.

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the following Standards and Interpretations, which have not been applied in these financial statements, were in issue but not yet effective:

 

 

IFRIC 11 IFRS 2: Group and Treasury Share Transactions;

 

 

IFRIC 12 Service Concession Arrangements;

 

 

IFRIC 13 Customer Loyalty;

 

 

IFRIC 14 The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding Requirements and their Interaction;

 

 

IFRS 8 Operating Segments;

 

 

IAS 1 (revised) Presentation of Financial Statements; and

 

 

IAS 23 (revised) Borrowing Costs.

 

The Group does not consider that these Standards and Interpretations will have a significant impact on the financial statements of the Group except for additional disclosures when the relevant standards come into effect for periods commencing on or after 1 January 2008.

In addition, IFRS 3 (revised) Business Combinations and IAS 27 (revised) Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements become effective for the Group in the year ended 31 December 2010. The revisions to these standards will apply to business combinations completed after 1 January 2010. The main changes under the revised standards are:

 

 

all acquisition-related costs must be recognised as an expense in the period;

 

 

contingent consideration payable is to be measured at fair value at the acquisition date. Any subsequent movements in the fair value of such consideration as a result of post-acquisition events (such as changes in estimates of earnout consideration) must be recognised as a gain or loss in the income statement;

 

 

equity interests held prior to control being obtained must be re-measured to fair value at the acquisition date, with any gain or loss recognised in the income statement;

 

 

increases in ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a change of control are treated as transactions among equity holders and are reported within equity. No gain or loss is recognised on such transactions and goodwill is not re-measured.

 

The revisions to the standards apply prospectively to business combinations for which

 

F-7


Accounting policies (continued)

 

the acquisition date is on or after the first annual financial reporting period beginning on or after 1 January 2009. Consequently, the impact that these revised standards will have on the financial statements of the Group will depend on the circumstances of business combinations occurring on or after 1 January 2010.

 

Critical judgements in applying accounting policies

Management is required to make key decisions and judgements in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The most significant areas where such judgements have been necessary are revenue recognition, goodwill, acquisition reserves, taxation and accounting for pension liabilities. Where judgement has been applied, the key factors taken into consideration are disclosed in the appropriate note in these financial statements.

 

F-8


 

Consolidated income statement

 

For the years ended 31 December 2007, 2006, 2005

 

     Notes   

2007

£m

    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 

Revenue

   2    6,185.9     5,907.8     5,373.7  

Direct costs

        (335.5 )   (296.8 )   (241.0 )

Gross profit

        5,850.4     5,611.0     5,132.7  

Operating costs

   3    (5,045.7 )   (4,869.4 )   (4,479.9 )

Operating profit

   2    804.7     741.6     652.8  

Share of results of associates

   4    41.4     41.1     33.9  

Profit before interest and taxation

        846.1     782.7     686.7  

Finance income

   6    139.4     111.0     87.6  

Finance costs

   6    (266.1 )   (211.7 )   (182.3 )

Profit before taxation

        719.4     682.0     592.0  

Taxation

   7    (204.3 )   (199.4 )   (194.0 )

Profit for the year

        515.1     482.6     398.0  
                         

Attributable to:

                       

Equity holders of the parent

        465.9     435.8     363.9  

Minority interests

        49.2     46.8     34.1  
          515.1     482.6     398.0  
                         

Earnings per share1

   9                   

Basic earnings per ordinary share

        39.6 p   36.3 p   30.3 p

Diluted earnings per ordinary share

        38.0 p   35.2 p   29.7 p

 

Notes

The accompanying notes form an integral part of this income statement

1

 

The calculations of the Group’s earnings per share are set out in note 9.

 

F-9


 

Consolidated cash flow statement

 

For the years ended 31 December 2007, 2006, 2005

 

    

Notes

  

2007

£m

   

2006

£m

   

2005

£m

 
Net cash inflow from operating activities    11    891.3     661.4     837.5  
Investing activities                        
Acquisitions and disposals    11    (674.8 )   (215.6 )   (507.7 )
Purchases of property, plant and equipment         (151.1 )   (167.8 )   (160.5 )
Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)         (19.7 )   (16.7 )   (10.8 )
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment         8.3     22.4     6.7  
Net cash outflow from investing activities         (837.3 )   (377.7 )   (672.3 )
Financing activities                        
Share option proceeds         34.8     70.9     20.3  
Share repurchases and buy-backs    11    (415.4 )   (257.7 )   (152.3 )
Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings    11    498.9     382.1     (595.2 )
Financing and share issue costs         (8.3 )   (3.7 )   (2.2 )
Equity dividends paid         (138.9 )   (118.9 )   (100.2 )
Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings         (38.9 )   (28.8 )   (24.0 )
Net cash (outflow)/inflow from financing activities         (67.8 )   43.9     (853.6 )
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents         (13.8 )   327.6     (688.4 )
Translation difference         119.2     (50.3 )   85.0  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year         956.9     679.6     1,283.0  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year    11    1,062.3     956.9     679.6  

 

Note

The accompanying notes form an integral part of this cash flow statement.

 

F-10


 

Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense

 

For the years ended 31 December 2007, 2006, 2005

 

    

2007

£m

   

2006

£m

   

2005

£m

 
Profit for the year    515.1     482.6     398.0  
Exchange adjustments on foreign currency net investments    71.7     (367.0 )   266.1  
Gain on revaluation of available for sale investments    108.1     9.5     21.0  
Actuarial gain/(loss) on defined benefit pension schemes    27.0     26.0     (16.5 )
Deferred tax (charge)/credit on defined benefit pension schemes    (9.9 )   5.3     3.6  
Net income/(expense) recognised directly in equity    196.9     (326.2 )   274.2  
Total recognised income and expense relating to the year    712.0     156.4     672.2  
Attributable to:                   
Equity holders of the parent    662.8     109.6     638.1  
Minority interests    49.2     46.8     34.1  
     712.0     156.4     672.2  

 

Note

The accompanying notes form an integral part of this statement of recognised income and expense.

 

F-11


 

Consolidated balance sheet

 

At 31 December 2007, 2006   

Notes

  

2007

£m

   

2006

£m

 
         
Non-current assets                  
Intangible assets:                  

Goodwill

   12    6,071.7     5,434.5  

Other

   12    1,154.6     1,115.4  
Property, plant and equipment    13    449.6     415.3  
Interests in associates    14    540.1     411.4  
Other investments    14    268.6     136.5  
Deferred tax assets    15    56.0     108.9  
Trade and other receivables    17    149.3     110.3  
          8,689.9     7,732.3  
Current assets                  
Inventory and work in progress    16    343.9     341.5  
Corporate income tax recoverable         37.2     26.5  
Trade and other receivables    17    6,140.8     4,931.9  
Cash and short-term deposits         2,040.2     1,663.7  
          8,562.1     6,963.6  
Current liabilities                  
Trade and other payables    18    (8,248.9 )   (6,783.8 )
Corporate income tax payable         (70.0 )   (39.6 )
Bank overdrafts and loans    20    (1,585.9 )   (1,260.6 )
          (9,904.8 )   (8,084.0 )
Net current liabilities         (1,342.7 )   (1,120.4 )
Total assets less current liabilities         7,347.2     6,611.9  
Non-current liabilities                  
Bonds and bank loans    20    (1,740.0 )   (1,217.7 )
Trade and other payables    19    (460.4 )   (331.9 )
Corporate income tax liability         (336.2 )   (383.7 )
Deferred tax liabilities    15    (464.0 )   (467.8 )
Provision for post-employment benefits    23    (135.0 )   (187.6 )
Provisions for liabilities and charges    21    (116.8 )   (104.8 )
          (3,252.4 )   (2,693.5 )
Net assets         4,094.8     3,918.4  
Equity                  
Called-up share capital    26, 27    119.2     124.1  
Share premium account    27    103.9     74.9  
Shares to be issued    27    5.3     7.5  
Merger reserve    27    (1,365.9 )   (1,370.0 )
Other reserves    27    (114.9 )   (170.1 )
Own shares    27    (255.3 )   (288.5 )
Retained earnings    27    5,482.1     5,449.0  
Equity share owners’ funds         3,974.4     3,826.9  
Minority interests         120.4     91.5  
Total equity         4,094.8     3,918.4  

 

Note

The accompanying notes form an integral part of this balance sheet.

 

 

F-12


 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 


 

1. General information

 

WPP Group plc is a company incorporated in the UK under the Companies Act 1985. The address of the registered office is Pennypot Industrial Estate, Hythe, Kent, CT21 6PE. The nature of the Group’s operations and its principal activities are set out in note 2. These Financial statements are presented in pounds sterling.

 


2. Segment information

 

The Group is a leading worldwide communications services organisation offering national and multinational clients a comprehensive range of communications services.

 

For management purposes, the Group is currently organised into four operating segments – Advertising and Media Investment Management; Information, Insight & Consultancy; Public Relations & Public Affairs; and Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications. These disciplines are the basis on which the Group reports its primary information. Operating segments are aggregated where they have similar economic characteristics, provide similar products and services and serve similar clients. The Group’s operations are located in North America; the UK; Continental Europe; and Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East and the Group’s performance has historically been linked with the economic performance of these regions. These geographic divisions are the basis on which the Group reports its secondary information.

 

Operating sectors

Segment information about these businesses is presented below:

 

     Revenue1    Operating
profit
   Share of
result of
associates
   Profit
before
interest and
taxation
   Finance
income
   Finance
costs
    Profit
before
taxation
   Taxation      Profit for
the year
     £m    £m    £m    £m    £m    £m     £m    £m      £m
2007                                                
Advertising and Media Investment Management    2,871.3    384.4    28.1    412.5                            
Information, Insight & Consultancy    905.4    99.2    3.9    103.1                            
Public Relations & Public Affairs    641.4    101.7    2.1    103.8                            
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    1,767.8    219.4    7.3    226.7                            
     6,185.9    804.7    41.4    846.1    139.4    (266.1 )   719.4    (204.3 )    515.1
2006                                                
Advertising and Media Investment Management    2,806.9    365.2    21.9    387.1                            
Information, Insight & Consultancy    892.9    89.0    1.9    90.9                            
Public Relations & Public Affairs    595.7    83.5    3.2    86.7                            
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    1,612.3    203.9    14.1    218.0                            
     5,907.8    741.6    41.1    782.7    111.0    (211.7 )   682.0    (199.4 )    482.6
2005                                                
Advertising and Media Investment Management    2,606.4    334.0    16.1    350.1                            
Information, Insight & Consultancy    810.4    69.4    6.9    76.3                            
Public Relations & Public Affairs    534.4    72.1    2.1    74.2                            
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    1,422.5    177.3    8.8    186.1                            
     5,373.7    652.8    33.9    686.7    87.6    (182.3 )   592.0    (194.0 )    398.0

Note

1

 

Intersegment sales have not been separately disclosed as they are not material.

 

     Headline
PBIT1
   Headline
PBIT
margin %
   Headline
PBIT1
   Headline
PBIT
margin %
   Headline
PBIT1
   Headline
PBIT
margin %
    

2007

£m

   2007   

2006

£m

   2006   

2005

£m

   2005
Advertising and Media Investment Management    466.9    16.3    443.7    15.8    402.7    15.5
Information, Insight & Consultancy    104.3    11.5    98.7    11.1    83.4    10.3
Public Relations & Public Affairs    106.5    16.6    89.5    15.0    75.3    14.1
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    250.3    14.2    227.1    14.1    193.4    13.6
     928.0    15.0    859.0    14.5    754.8    14.0

Note

1

 

See note 31 for reconciliation of headline PBIT to PBIT.

 

F-13


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2. Segment information (continued)

 

Other information    Share-based
payments
   Goodwill
additions
   Acquired
intangibles
additions
   Capital
additions1
   Depreciation
and
amortisation
   Goodwill
impairment &
write-downs
   Interest in
associates
     £m    £m    £m    £m    £m    £m    £m
2007                                   
Advertising and Media Investment Management    35.0    56.8    3.9    96.5    100.0    33.2    328.9
Information, Insight & Consultancy    7.4    39.3    2.3    19.9    18.1       90.8
Public Relations & Public Affairs    4.3    35.9       10.7    14.1    0.6    59.0
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    15.7    471.7    79.5    45.2    52.5    12.0    61.4
     62.4    603.7    85.7    172.3    184.7    45.8    540.1
                                    
2006                                   
Advertising and Media Investment Management    43.7    60.9    4.5    105.8    114.3    28.7    257.1
Information, Insight & Consultancy    7.7    12.9    0.4    19.5    17.2    5.6    83.1
Public Relations & Public Affairs    4.7    55.5    6.0    15.1    13.8    0.9    18.7
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    14.8    78.3    9.4    44.1    40.6    9.1    52.5
     70.9    207.6    20.3    184.5    185.9    44.3    411.4
                                    
2005                                   
Advertising and Media Investment Management    40.0    856.4    250.6    96.8    85.5    35.6    294.0
Information, Insight & Consultancy    8.6    20.7    2.4    17.6    17.8    7.1    96.8
Public Relations & Public Affairs    4.3    45.7    15.4    20.1    12.1    0.4    18.2
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    15.7    205.3    86.1    36.8    32.0    4.0    100.9
     68.6    1,128.1    354.5    171.3    147.4    47.1    509.9

 

Note

1

 

Capital additions include purchases of property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software).

 

Balance sheet    Assets         Liabilities  
   Segment
assets
   Unallocated
corporate
assets1
  

Consolidated
total

assets

        Segment
liabilities
    Unallocated
corporate
liabilities1
    Consolidated
total
liabilities
 
     £m    £m    £m         £m     £m     £m  
2007                                       
Advertising and Media Investment Management    8,963.4                   (7,238.5 )            
Information, Insight & Consultancy    1,008.9                   (395.5 )            
Public Relations & Public Affairs    1,307.2                   (296.0 )            
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    3,839.1                   (1,031.1 )            
     15,118.6    2,133.4    17,252.0         (8,961.1 )   (4,196.1 )   (13,157.2 )
                                        
2006                                       
Advertising and Media Investment Management    7,861.4                   (5,912.7 )            
Information, Insight & Consultancy    919.1                   (373.9 )            
Public Relations & Public Affairs    1,209.9                   (246.3 )            
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    2,906.5                   (875.2 )            
     12,896.9    1,799.0    14,695.9         (7,408.1 )   (3,369.4 )   (10,777.5 )

 

Note

1

 

Included in unallocated corporate assets and liabilities are corporate income tax, deferred tax and net interest-bearing debt. The debt has not been allocated as it is held centrally and specifically allocating it to individual segments is not considered to be a fair representation of the net assets of those segments.

 

F-14


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2. Segment information (continued)

 

Contributions by geographical area were as follows:


       

2007

£m

      2006
£m
     

2005

£m

Revenue1                        
North America       2,266.7       2,291.1       2,106.9
UK       890.3       856.3       808.1
Continental Europe       1,657.4       1,532.9       1,410.3
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East       1,371.5       1,227.5       1,048.4
        6,185.9       5,907.8       5,373.7
    Margin       Margin       Margin    
Headline PBIT2                        
North America   17.3%   391.5   17.0%   389.0   16.6%   350.1
UK   12.0%   107.1   11.4%   97.9   10.5%   84.6
Continental Europe   13.5%   223.0   12.7%   194.3   12.5%   176.1
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East   15.0%   206.4   14.5%   177.8   13.7%   144.0
    15.0%   928.0   14.5%   859.0   14.0%   754.8
Segment Assets                        
North America       5,494.4       4,536.0       5,116.5
UK       1,691.4       1,693.8       1,357.3
Continental Europe       4,748.5       3,946.0       4,091.2
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East       3,184.3       2,721.1       2,557.6
        15,118.6       12,896.9       13,122.6
Capital additions3                        
North America       74.8       90.1       80.5
UK       28.2       29.4       28.7
Continental Europe       31.2       28.7       31.1
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East       38.1       36.3       31.0
        172.3       184.5       171.3

Notes

1

 

Intersegment sales have not been separately disclosed as they are not material.

2

 

See note 31 for reconciliation of headline PBIT to PBIT.

3

 

Capital additions include purchases of property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software).

 


3. Operating costs

 


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Total staff costs (note 5)    3,607.9     3,474.4     3,186.3  
Establishment costs    427.2     419.1     387.6  
Other operating costs (net)    1,010.6     975.9     906.0  
Total operating costs    5,045.7     4,869.4     4,479.9  
Operating costs include:                   
Goodwill impairment    44.1     35.5     46.0  
Goodwill write-down relating to utilisation of pre-acquisition tax losses (note 12)1    1.7     8.8     1.1  
Amortisation and impairment of acquired intangible assets (note 12)    40.3     43.3     25.3  
Amortisation of other intangible assets (note 12)    18.1     13.5     10.7  
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment    123.7     127.3     110.0  
Losses/(Gains) on sale of property, plant and equipment    1.0     (3.7 )   1.1  
Gains on disposal of investments    (3.4 )   (7.3 )   (4.3 )
Net foreign exchange losses    1.1     5.0     0.8  
Operating lease rentals:                   
Land and buildings    261.1     251.7     237.8  
Plant and machinery    25.8     30.4     34.8  
     286.9     282.1     272.6  

 

Note

1

 

The goodwill write-down in relation to the utilisation of pre-acquisition tax losses is due to the better than expected performance of certain acquisitions in the year. This enabled the utilisation of pre-acquisition tax attributes that previously could not be recognised at the time of acquisition due to insufficient evidence that they were recoverable.

 

In 2007, operating profit includes credits totalling £16.8 million (2006: £10.6 million, 2005: £10.1 million) relating to the release of excess provisions and other balances established in respect of acquisitions completed prior to 2006. Further details of the Group’s approach to acquisition reserves, as required by IFRS 3 ‘Business combinations’, are given in note 28.

 

All of the operating costs of the Group are related to administrative expenses.

 

Auditors’ remuneration:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit of the Company’s annual accounts    1.7    1.7    1.9
The audit of the Company’s subsidiaries pursuant to legislation    11.4    10.8    10.0
     13.1    12.5    11.9
Other services pursuant to legislation    3.5    4.0    3.0
Fees payable to the auditors pursuant to legislation    16.6    16.5    14.9
Tax advisory services    2.7    2.8    2.6
Tax compliance services    0.9    1.1    1.0
     3.6    3.9    3.6
Corporate finance services    1.0       0.2
Other services    3.0    3.3    2.8
Total non-audit fees    7.6    7.2    6.6
Total fees    24.2    23.7    21.5

 

F-15


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

3. Operating costs (continued)

 

Minimum committed annual rentals

Amounts payable in 2008 under the foregoing leases will be as follows:


     Plant and machinery

   Land and buildings

     2008
£m
   2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2008
£m
   2007
£m
   2006
£m
In respect of operating leases which expire:                              
– within one year    6.4    6.9    7.0    27.9    30.8    20.6
– within two to five years    12.9    13.5    17.9    115.5    95.5    94.5
– after five years    0.3    1.8    1.8    75.0    75.8    90.0
     19.6    22.2    26.7    218.4    202.1    205.1

 

Future minimum annual amounts payable under all lease commitments in existence at 31 December 2007 are as follows:


     Minimum
rental
payments
£m
   Less
sub-let
rentals
£m
    Net
payment
£m
Year ending 31 December                
2008    238.0    (20.8 )   217.2
2009    192.0    (16.9 )   175.1
2010    169.3    (14.7 )   154.6
2011    136.9    (13.1 )   123.8
2012    118.1    (11.9 )   106.2
Later years    591.4    (9.1 )   582.3
     1,445.7    (86.5 )   1,359.2

 


4. Share of results of associates

 

Share of results of associates include:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Share of profit before interest and taxation    65.8     61.4     54.0  
Share of exceptional gains    0.8     4.0      
Share of interest and minority interest    0.5     0.9     (0.9 )
Share of taxation    (25.7 )   (25.2 )   (19.2 )
     41.4     41.1     33.9  

 


5. Our people

 

Our staff numbers averaged 84,848 against 77,686 in 2006 and 70,936 in 2005, including acquisitions. Their geographical distribution was as follows:


     2007    2006    2005
North America    23,294    22,477    21,261
UK    8,543    8,484    8,007
Continental Europe    21,367    19,935    18,644
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East    31,644    26,790    23,024
     84,848    77,686    70,936

 

Their operating sector distribution was as follows:


     2007    2006    2005
Advertising and Media Investment Management    42,948    41,030    38,084
Information, Insight & Consultancy    11,524    10,869    10,089
Public Relations & Public Affairs    7,167    6,616    5,901
Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications    23,209    19,171    16,862
     84,848    77,686    70,936

 

At the end of 2007 staff numbers were 90,182 (2006: 79,352, 2005: 74,631). Including all employees of associated undertakings, this figure was approximately 111,000 at 31 December 2007 (2006: 98,000, 2005: 92,000).

 

5. Our people (continued)

 

Total staff costs were made up as follows:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Wages and salaries    2,492.6    2,385.8    2,182.1
Cash-based incentive plans    168.3    176.0    159.0
Share-based incentive plans (note 22)    62.4    70.9    68.6
Social security costs    288.3    281.7    267.3
Other pension costs (note 23)    80.7    81.7    75.6
Other staff costs    515.6    478.3    433.7
     3,607.9    3,474.4    3,186.3
Staff cost to revenue ratio    58.3%    58.8%    59.3%

 

Included above are charges of £6.5 million (2006: £5.3 million, 2005: £4.9 million) for share-based incentive plans in respect of key management personnel (who comprise the executive directors of the Group). Compensation for key management personnel also included £4.2 million (2006: £4.1 million, 2005: £4.7 million) of short-term benefits and £0.5 million (2006: £0.5 million, 2005: £0.6 million) of post employment benefits.

 


6. Finance income and finance costs

 

Finance income includes:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Expected return on pension scheme assets    28.1    25.2    24.2
Income from available for sale investments    9.2    5.7    5.6
Interest income    102.1    80.1    57.8
     139.4    111.0    87.6

 

Finance costs include:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Interest on pension scheme liabilities    33.8    32.4    32.0
Interest payable and similar charges1    216.3    171.3    141.4
Finance charges (excluding revaluation of financial instruments)    250.1    203.7    173.4
Revaluation of financial instruments accounted at fair value through profit or loss    16.0    8.0    8.9
     266.1    211.7    182.3

 

The following are included in the revaluation of financial instruments accounted at fair value through profit and loss shown above:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Movements in fair value of treasury instruments    6.7    3.3    3.0
Revaluation of put options over minority interests (notes 20 and 21)    9.3    4.7    5.8
Other          0.1
     16.0    8.0    8.9

Note

1

 

Interest payable and similar charges are payable on bank overdrafts, bonds and bank loans held at amortised cost.

 

Interest payable on the Group’s drawings on its committed revolving credit facilities is payable at a margin of 0.25% over relevant LIBOR.

 

The majority of the Group’s long-term debt is represented by $750 million of US dollar bonds at a weighted average interest rate of 6.01% (prior to any interest rate swaps or cross-currency swaps), 1,750 million of Eurobonds at 5.23% (prior to any interest rate or currency swaps), £600 million of sterling bonds at 6.13% and $150 million of convertible bonds at 5.0%.

 

Average borrowings under the Syndicated Revolving Credit Facilities (note 10) amounted to $377 million at an average interest rate of 5.95% inclusive of margin. Average borrowings under the US$ Commercial Paper Program (note 10) amounted to $476 million at an average interest rate of 5.40% inclusive of margin.

 

F-16


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


7. Taxation

 

The tax charge is based on the profit for the year and comprises:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Current tax                   
UK corporation tax at 30%:                   
Current year    27.5     36.6     32.9  
Prior years    (57.9 )   (44.9 )   (24.4 )
     (30.4 )   (8.3 )   8.5  
Foreign tax:                   
Current year    212.9     216.9     177.3  
Prior years    5.7     (7.6 )   9.9  
     218.6     209.3     187.2  
Total current tax    188.2     201.0     195.7  
Deferred tax                   
Deferred tax    16.1     (1.6 )   (1.7 )
Tax charge    204.3     199.4     194.0  

 

The tax charge for the year can be reconciled to profit before taxation in the income statement as follows:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Profit before taxation    719.4     682.0     592.0  
Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 30%    215.8     204.6     177.6  
Tax effect of share of results of associates    (12.4 )   (12.3 )   (10.2 )
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit    9.4     7.4     12.4  
Tax effect of utilisation or recognition of tax losses not previously recognised    (29.6 )   (24.3 )   (16.8 )
Effect of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating in other jurisdictions    8.6     10.3     18.5  
Unused tax losses carried forward    12.5     13.7     12.5  
Tax charge    204.3     199.4     194.0  
Effective tax rate on profit before taxation    28.4%     29.2%     32.8%  

 

 


8. Ordinary dividends

 

Amounts recognised as distributions to equity holders in the year:

 


    2007     2006     2005    

2007

£m

 

2006

£m

 

2005

£m

Per share   Pence per share        
2006 Final dividend paid   7.61 p   6.34 p   5.28 p   89.1   76.1   64.1
2007 Interim dividend paid   4.32 p   3.60 p   3.00 p   49.8   42.8   36.2
    11.93 p   9.94 p   8.28 p   138.9   118.9   100.3

 

Proposed final dividend for the year ended 31 December 2007:

    2007     2006     2005              
Per share   Pence per share        
2007 Final dividend proposed1   9.13 p   7.61 p   6.34 p            

 

Notes

1

 

The Annual General Meeting to approve the final dividend will be held on 24 June 2008 and therefore the final dividend has not been included as a liability in these financial statements.

 

The payment of this dividend will not have any tax consequences for the Group.

 


9. Earnings per share

 

Basic EPS

 

The calculation of basic Reported EPS is as follows:


     2007     2006     2005  
Reported earnings1 (£m)    465.9     435.8     363.9  
Average shares used in Basic EPS calculation (m)    1,176.9     1,201.0     1,200.1  
Reported EPS    39.6 p   36.3 p   30.3 p

 

Note

1

 

Reported earnings is equivalent to profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent.

 

Diluted EPS

 

The calculation of diluted Reported EPS is set out below:


     2007     2006     2005  
Diluted Reported Earnings (£m)    466.8     436.9     363.9  
Average shares used in Diluted EPS calculation (m)    1,227.1     1,242.2     1,224.8  
Diluted Reported EPS    38.0 p   35.2 p   29.7 p

 

Diluted EPS has been calculated based on the Reported Earnings amounts above. For the year ended 31 December 2007 and the year ended 31 December 2006, the $150 million Grey convertible bonds were dilutive and earnings were consequently increased by £0.9 million and £1.1 million respectively for the purpose of this calculation. For the year ended 31 December 2007 and the year ended 31 December 2006, the £450 million convertible bonds were accretive to earnings and therefore excluded from the calculation of dilutive earnings; these bonds were redeemed on their due date of 11 April 2007. In 2005, both convertibles were accretive to earnings and therefore excluded from the calculation of dilutive earnings. In addition, at 31 December 2007, options to purchase 16.4 million ordinary shares (2006: 7.6 million, 2005: 12.0 million) were outstanding, but were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of these options were greater than the average market price of the Group’s shares and, therefore, their inclusion would have been accretive.

 

A reconciliation between the shares used in calculating Basic and Diluted EPS is as follows:


     2007
m
  

2006

m

  

2005

m

Average shares used in Basic EPS calculation    1,176.9    1,201.0    1,200.1
Dilutive share options outstanding    16.6    14.9    18.6
Other potentially issuable shares    24.7    17.4    6.1
$150 million Grey convertible bonds    8.9    8.9   
Shares used in Diluted EPS calculation    1,227.1    1,242.2    1,224.8

 

At 31 December 2007 there were 1,191,491,263 ordinary shares in issue.

 

F-17


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


10. Sources of finance

 

The following table summarises the equity and debt financing of the Group, and changes during the year:


     Shares        Debt  
     2007
£m
    2006
£m
       2007
£m
    2006
£m
 
Analysis of changes in financing                            
Beginning of year    199.0     127.4        1,771.5     1,483.6  
Shares issued in respect of acquisitions    2.3                 
Other issues of share capital    30.2     75.0             
Share cancellations    (5.7 )   (3.3)             
Share issue costs paid    (2.7 )   (0.1)             
Net increase in drawings on bank loans, corporate bonds and convertible bonds               498.9     382.1  
Net amortisation of financing costs included in net debt               5.5     10.4  
Other movements               (36.7 )   (21.7 )
Exchange adjustments               108.8     (82.9 )
End of year    223.1     199.0        2,348.0     1,771.5  

 

The above table excludes bank overdrafts which fall within cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of the consolidated cash flow statement.

 

Shares

At 31 December 2007, the Company’s share base was entirely composed of ordinary equity share capital and share premium of £223.1 million (2006: £199.0 million, 2005: £127.4 million), further details of which are disclosed in notes 26 and 27.

 

Debt

USA bond The Group has in issue $100 million of 6.875% bonds due July 2008 and $650 million of 5.875% bonds due June 2014.

 

Eurobond In November 2007, the Group issued 500 million of 5.25% bonds due January 2015. The Group has in issue 600 million of 4.375% bonds due December 2013 and 650 million of 6.0% bonds due June 2008.

 

Sterling bond In April 2007, the Group issued £400 million of 6% bonds due April 2017. In November 2007, the Group issued £200 million of 6.375% bonds due November 2020.

 

Revolving Credit Facilities The Group has a $1.6 billion seven year Revolving Credit Facility due August 2012. The Group’s borrowing under this facility, which are drawn down predominantly in US dollars, Canadian dollars and pounds sterling, averaged $377 million in 2007. The Group had available undrawn committed credit facilities of £759 million at December 2007 (2006: £817 million).

 

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are governed by certain financial covenants based on the results and financial position of the Group.

 

US Commercial Paper Program

The Group has a $1.4 billion US Commercial Paper Program using the Revolving Credit Facility as a backstop. The Group’s borrowings under this program are notes issued in US dollars and swapped into other currencies as required. The average commercial paper outstanding since the launch of the program was $476 million. There was no US Commercial Paper outstanding at 31 December 2007.

 

Convertible bonds

During the year, the Group redeemed £450 million of 2% convertible bonds on their due date of April 2007.

 

In March 2005, with the purchase of Grey Global Group Inc, the Group acquired $150 million of 5% convertible debentures due 2033. Each debenture holder has the right to require Grey and WPP (as co-obligor) to repurchase as of each of 28 October 2008, 2010 and 2013 all or a portion of the holder’s then outstanding debentures at par ($1,000 per debenture) plus the amount of accrued and unpaid interest. WPP has the unrestricted right to call the bond at par from 2013. Each $1,000 of principal amount is initially convertible into 11.820362 WPP ADSs and $499.31 of cash and is convertible at the option of the holder at any time. The effective interest rate on the liability component is 4.5%.

 

The Grey convertible bond has a nominal value of £75.7 million at 31 December 2007 (2006: total convertible bonds of £526.7 million, made

 

10. Sources of finance (continued)

 

up of £450 million convertible redeemed in April 2007 and £76.7 million Grey convertible). In accordance with IAS 39, these bonds have been split between a liability component and an equity component by initially valuing the liability component at fair value based on the present value of future cash flows and then holding it at amortised cost. The equity component represents the fair value, on initial recognition, of the embedded option to convert the liability into equity of the Group.

 

The liability element is £81.5 million and the equity component is £nil as at 31 December 2007 (2006: £548.7 million and £68.7 million respectively).

 

The Group estimates that the fair value of the liability component of the convertible bonds at 31 December 2007 to be approximately £76.8 million (2006: £538.4 million). This fair value has been calculated by discounting the future cash flows at the market rate.

 

The following table is an analysis of future anticipated cash flows in relation to the Group’s debt, on an undiscounted basis which, therefore, differs from the fair value and carrying value:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
 
Within one year    (719.4 )   (624.9 )
Between one and two years    (94.6 )   (541.5 )
Between two and three years    (94.6 )   (37.2 )
Between three and four years    (94.6 )   (37.2 )
Between four and five years    (94.6 )   (37.2 )
Over five years    (2,030.1 )   (820.6 )
Debt financing under the Revolving Credit Facility and in relation to unsecured loan notes    (3,127.9 )   (2,098.6 )
Short-term overdrafts – within one year    (977.9 )   (706.8 )
     (4,105.8 )   (2,805.4 )
Effect of discount/financing rates    779.9     327.1  
Debt financing    (3,325.9 )   (2,478.3 )

 

Analysis of fixed and floating rate debt by currency including the effect of interest rate and cross-currency swaps:


2007
Currency
   £m    Fixed
rate1
   Floating
basis
   Period
(months)1
$   – fixed    528.9    5.64%    n/a    103
    – floating    384.5    n/a    LIBOR    n/a
£   – fixed    400.0    6.19%    n/a    135
    – floating    213.7    n/a    LIBOR    n/a
  – fixed    165.3    7.39%    n/a    51
    – floating    605.7    n/a    EURIBOR    n/a
¥   – fixed    40.6    2.07%    n/a    72
Other    9.3    n/a    LIBOR    n/a
         2,348.0               

2006
Currency

   £m    Fixed
rate1
   Floating
basis
   Period
(months)1
$   – fixed    483.9    5.18%    n/a    120
    – floating    72.1    n/a    LIBOR    n/a
  – fixed    56.6    8.85%    n/a    36
    – floating    942.0    n/a    LIBOR    n/a
Other    216.9    n/a    LIBOR    n/a
         1,771.5               

 

Note

1

 

Weighted average. These rates do not include the effect of gains on interest rate swap terminations that are written to income over the life of the original instrument. At 31 December 2007 the amounts still to be written to income were £3.2 million in respect of US dollar swap terminations, to be written to income evenly until June 2014.

 

F-18


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

10. Sources of finance (continued)

 

The following table is an analysis of future anticipated cash flows in relation to the Group’s financial derivatives, which include interest rate and foreign exchange swaps:

 

     Financial liabilities         Financial assets
2007    Payable
£m
   Receivable
£m
        Payable
£m
  

Receivable

£m

Within one year    422.8    411.3         581.2    588.5
Between one and two years    133.8    131.7         146.2    158.9
Between two and three years    78.3    76.0         60.8    63.4
Between three and four years    82.0    77.1         62.8    65.4
Between four and five years    83.1    77.7         63.9    65.6
Over five years    1,717.9    1,644.9         1,319.7    1,381.4
     2,517.9    2,418.7         2,234.6    2,323.2
     Financial liabilities         Financial assets
2006    Payable
£m
   Receivable
£m
        Payable
£m
  

Receivable

£m

Within one year    748.8    740.2         579.7    607.5
Between one and two years    145.2    142.4         330.0    339.3
Between two and three years    140.7    139.5         50.6    55.5
Between three and four years    35.9    34.9         15.9    16.4
Between four and five years    35.7    34.8         16.0    16.4
Over five years    800.9    775.1         319.2    319.2
     1,907.2    1,866.9         1,311.4    1,354.3

 


11. Analysis of cash flows

 

The following tables analyse the items included within the main cash flow headings on page F-10.

 

Net cash from operating activities:

 

     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Profit for the year    515.1     482.6     398.0  
Adjustments for:                   
Taxation    204.3     199.4     194.0  
Finance costs    266.1     211.7     182.3  
Finance income    (139.4 )   (111.0 )   (87.6 )
Share of results of associates    (41.4 )   (41.1 )   (33.9 )
Non-cash share-based incentive plans (including share options)    62.4     70.9     68.6  
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment    126.3     129.1     111.4  
Impairment of goodwill    44.1     35.5     46.0  
Goodwill write-down relating to utilisation of pre-acquisition tax losses    1.7     8.8     1.1  
Amortisation and impairment of acquired intangible assets    40.3     43.3     25.3  
Amortisation of other intangible assets    18.1     13.5     10.7  
Gains on disposal of investments    (3.4 )   (7.3 )   (4.3 )
Losses/(Gains) on sale of property, plant and equipment    1.0     (3.7 )   1.1  
Decrease/(increase) in inventories and work in progress    29.4     (83.0 )   39.5  
Increase in receivables    (886.7)     (489.1)     (618.5)  
Increase in payables – short term    897.6     433.4     710.4  
Increase/(decrease) in payables – long term    7.6     17.6     (33.8 )
(Decrease)/increase in provisions    (22.5 )   (50.0 )   10.0  
Corporation and overseas tax paid    (151.0 )   (162.0 )   (136.0 )
Interest and similar charges paid    (212.0 )   (135.1 )   (128.2 )
Interest received    102.6     75.2     62.4  
Investment income    3.1     2.4     5.6  
Dividends from associates    28.0     20.3     13.4  
Net cash inflow from operating activities    891.3     661.4     837.5  
Acquisitions and disposals:                   
     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Initial cash consideration    (520.4 )   (120.5 )   (561.2 )
Cash and cash equivalents acquired (net)    60.5     21.4     173.9  
Earnout payments    (93.9 )   (91.6 )   (96.7 )
Loan note redemptions    (2.1 )   (11.7 )   (33.0 )
Purchase of other investments (including associates)    (128.0 )   (28.7 )   (29.0 )
Proceeds on disposal of investments    9.1     15.5     38.3  
Net cash outflow    (674.8 )   (215.6 )   (507.7 )
Share repurchases and buy-backs:                   
     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Share cancellations (excluding brokerage fees)    (402.7 )   (218.8 )   (123.3 )
Purchase of own shares by ESOP trust        (38.9 )   (29.0 )
Shares purchased into treasury    (12.7 )        
Net cash outflow    (415.4 )   (257.7 )   (152.3 )

 

F-19


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

11. Analysis of cash flows (continued)

 

     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings:                   
     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Repayment of £450 million bonds    (450.0 )        
Proceeds from issue of £400 million bonds    400.0          
Proceeds from issue of £200 million bonds    200.0          
Proceeds from issue of 500 million bonds    348.9          
Increase in drawings on bank loans        (21.8 )   17.1  
Proceeds from issue of 600 million Eurobonds        403.9      
Repayment of $287.5 million convertible bonds            (154.5 )
Repayment of $125 million Grey debt            (65.3 )
Repayment of working capital facility            (277.2 )
Repayment of $200 million bonds            (115.3 )
Net cash inflow/(outflow)    498.9     382.1     (595.2 )

 

Cash and cash equivalents:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Cash at bank and in hand    1,957.4     1,476.8     1,029.0  
Short-term bank deposits    82.8     186.9     86.2  
Overdrafts1    (977.9 )   (706.8 )   (435.6 )
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year    1,062.3     956.9     679.6  

 

Note

1

 

Bank overdrafts are included in cash and cash equivalents because they form an integral part of the Group’s cash management.

 

The Group considers that the carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates their fair value.

 


12. Intangible assets

 

Goodwill

 

The movements in 2007 and 2006 were as follows:


     £m  
Cost:       
1 January 2006    6,049.5  
Additions1    207.6  
Exchange differences    (433.5 )
31 December 2006    5,823.6  
Additions1    603.7  
Exchange differences    59.9  
31 December 2007    6,487.2  
Accumulated impairment losses and write-downs:       
1 January 2006    374.3  
Goodwill write-down relating to utilisation of pre-acquisition tax losses    8.8  
Impairment losses for the year    20.1  
Exchange differences    (14.1 )
31 December 2006    389.1  
Goodwill write-down relating to utilisation of pre-acquisition tax losses    1.7  
Impairment losses for the year    33.7  
Exchange differences    (9.0 )
31 December 2007    415.5  
Net book value:       
31 December 2007    6,071.7  
31 December 2006    5,434.5  
1 January 2006    5,675.2  

 

12. Intangible assets (continued)

 

Note

1

 

Additions represent goodwill arising on the acquisition of subsidiary undertakings. Goodwill arising on the acquisition of associate undertakings is shown within interests in associates in note 14.

 

Significant components of goodwill as at 31 December 2007 and 2006 are:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Young & Rubicam    2,372.6    2,249.6
Grey    1,010.2    964.2
Mediaedge:cia    879.7    874.7
Other    1,809.2    1,346.0
Total goodwill    6,071.7    5,434.5

 

Other goodwill represents goodwill on a large number of acquisitions, none of which is individually significant in comparison to the total carrying value of goodwill.

 

Other intangible assets:

 

The movements in 2007 and 2006 were as follows:


     Brands
with an
indefinite
useful life
£m
    Acquired
intan-
gibles
£m
    Other
£m
    Total
£m
 
Cost:                         
1 January 2006    897.0     356.6     77.4     1,331.0  
Additions            16.7     16.7  
Disposals            (4.1 )   (4.1 )
Acquired on acquisition of a subsidiary        20.3         20.3  
Other movements            15.2     15.2  
Exchange differences    (85.6 )   (40.4 )   (8.7 )   (134.7 )
31 December 2006    811.4     336.5     96.5     1,244.4  
Additions            21.2     21.2  
Disposals        (9.1 )       (9.1 )
Acquired on acquisition of a subsidiary        85.7     8.4     94.1  
Other movements            (1.1 )   (1.1 )
Exchange differences    (13.4 )   0.5     2.7     (10.2 )
31 December 2007    798.0     413.6     127.7     1,339.3  
Amortisation and impairment:                    
1 January 2006        26.3     44.1     70.4  
Charge for the year        43.3     13.5     56.8  
Other movements            12.6     12.6  
Exchange differences        (5.0 )   (5.8 )   (10.8 )
31 December 2006        64.6     64.4     129.0  
Charge for the year        40.3     18.1     58.4  
Disposals        (2.4 )       (2.4 )
Other movements        (0.6 )   (1.6 )   (2.2 )
Exchange differences        (0.5 )   2.4     1.9  
31 December 2007        101.4     83.3     184.7  
Net book value:                         
31 December 2007    798.0     312.2     44.4     1,154.6  
31 December 2006    811.4     271.9     32.1     1,115.4  
1 January 2006    897.0     330.3     33.3     1,260.6  

 

Brands with an indefinite life represent JWT, Hill & Knowlton, Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide and the Young & Rubicam Group. These assets are carried at historical cost in accordance with the Group’s accounting policy for intangible assets. The most significant of these is the Young & Rubicam Group with a carrying value of £481.6 million at 31 December 2007 (2006: £488.2 million). The carrying values of the JWT, Hill & Knowlton and Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide brands are not individually significant in comparison with the total carrying value of brands with an indefinite useful life.

 

F-20


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

12. Intangible assets (continued)

 

In accordance with the Group’s accounting policy, the carrying values of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.

 

The carrying values of brands with an indefinite useful life are assessed for impairment purposes by using the royalty and loyalty methods of valuation, both of which utilise the net present value of future cash flows associated with the brands.

 

The 2007 goodwill impairment review was initially undertaken as at 30 June 2007 and then updated as at 31 December 2007. The review assessed whether the carrying value of goodwill was supported by the net present value of future cash flows based on management forecasts for 2008, an assumed annual growth rate of 3.0% and a pre-tax discount rate of 11.0%. For a small number of businesses, the impairment review is instead based on management forecasts using a projection period of up to five years for each cash-generating unit. After this projection period, steady or declining growth has been assumed at rates not exceeding long-term average growth rates for the industry for each cash-generating unit, with no improvement in operating margin being assumed.

 

An impairment charge is required for both goodwill and other indefinite lived intangible assets when the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. Goodwill impairment charges of £44.1 million and £35.5 million were recorded in the years ended 31 December 2007 and 2006 respectively. The impairment charges relate to certain under-performing businesses in the Group. In certain markets, the impact of current local economic conditions and trading circumstances on these businesses was sufficiently severe to indicate impairment to the carrying value of goodwill. At 31 December 2007 an impairment charge of acquired intangible assets was recorded for £1.5 million. This charge related to Branding & Identity, Healthcare and Specialist Communications for £0.7 million, and Information, Insight & Consultancy, for £0.8 million. This charge was the result of our review of certain customer relationships which had been lost during the year.

Under IFRS, an impairment charge is required for both goodwill and other indefinite-lived assets when the carrying amount exceeds the ‘recoverable amount’, defined as the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. Our approach in determining the recoverable amount utilises a discounted cash flow methodology, which necessarily involves making numerous estimates and assumptions regarding revenue growth, operating margins, tax rates, appropriate discount rates and working capital requirements. These estimates will likely differ from future actual results of operations and cash flows, and it is possible that these differences could be material. In addition, judgements are applied in determining the level of cash-generating unit we identify for impairment testing and the criteria we use to determine which assets should be aggregated. A difference in testing levels could affect whether an impairment is recorded and the extent of impairment loss. Changes in our business activities or structure may also result in changes to the level of testing in future periods. Further, future events could cause the Group to conclude that impairment indicators exist and that the asset values associated with a given operation have become impaired. Any resulting impairment loss could have a material impact on the Group’s financial condition and results of operations.

 

In 2007, the Group acquired 24/7 Real Media, Inc. for consideration of approximately £330 million. 24/7 significantly enhances the Group’s digital capability and will make a major contribution to winning new business for the Group, primarily our Advertising and Media Investment Management businesses. For this reason, goodwill relating to 24/7 was reviewed for impairment against the net present value of future cash flows of this segment as the appropriate cash-generating unit.

 

Historically our impairment losses have resulted from a specific event, condition or circumstance in one of our companies, such as the loss of a significant client. As a result, changes in the assumptions used in our impairment model have not had a significant effect on the impairment charges recognised. The carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets will continue to be reviewed at least annually for impairment and adjusted to the recoverable amount if required.

 


13. Property, plant and equipment

 

The movements in 2007 and 2006 were as follows:


    Land and buildings                    
    Land
£m
    Freehold
buildings
£m
    Short
lease-
hold
buildings
£m
   

Fixtures,
fittings
and
equip-

ment
£m

   

Computer
equip-

ment

£m

    Total
£m
 
Cost:                                    
1 January 2006   14.6     50.9     363.5     262.7     366.8     1,058.5  
Additions       1.4     64.2     39.5     62.7     167.8  
New acquisitions   0.1         0.9     1.9     0.8     3.7  
Disposals   (1.0 )   (5.5 )   (42.1 )   (46.9 )   (60.7 )   (156.2 )
Exchange adjustments   (4.4 )   (12.6 )   (32.1 )   (29.0 )   (22.7 )   (100.8 )
31 December 2006   9.3     34.2     354.4     228.2     346.9     973.0  
Additions       0.7     56.7     34.9     58.8     151.1  
New acquisitions       0.1     2.2     3.0     6.5     11.8  
Disposals   (0.5 )   (0.2 )   (23.4 )   (30.1 )   (32.7 )   (86.9 )
Exchange adjustments       1.7     1.5     6.4     19.4     29.0  
31 December 2007   8.8     36.5     391.4     242.4     398.9     1,078.0  
Depreciation:                                    
1 January 2006       21.8     157.4     172.3     283.5     635.0  
Charge for the year       1.7     43.2     30.8     53.4     129.1  
Disposals       (0.4 )   (36.6 )   (43.6 )   (57.7 )   (138.3 )
Exchange adjustments       (7.5 )   (16.4 )   (17.9 )   (26.3 )   (68.1 )
31 December 2006       15.6     147.6     141.6     252.9     557.7  
Charge for the year       1.7     38.9     28.0     57.7     126.3  
Disposals       (0.2 )   (17.7 )   (25.6 )   (34.2 )   (77.7 )
Exchange adjustments       0.6     5.9     3.8     11.8     22.1  
31 December 2007       17.7     174.7     147.8     288.2     628.4  
Net book value:                                    
31 December 2007   8.8     18.8     216.7     94.6     110.7     449.6  
31 December 2006   9.3     18.6     206.8     86.6     94.0     415.3  
1 January 2006   14.6     29.1     206.1     90.4     83.3     423.5  

 

At the end of the year, capital commitments contracted, but not provided for in respect of property, plant and equipment were £24.1 million (2006: £44.4 million).

 

F-21


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


14. Interests in associates, joint ventures and other investments

 

The movements in 2007 and 2006 were as follows:


    Net
assets of
associates
and joint
ventures
£m
   

Goodwill

and other
intangibles
of associates
and joint
ventures

£m

    Total
associates
and joint
ventures
£m
    Other
invest-
ments
£m
 
1 January 2006   208.2     301.7     509.9     55.3  
Additions   1.5         1.5     18.2  
Goodwill arising on acquisition of new associates       13.6     13.6      
Share of results of associate undertakings (note 4)   41.1         41.1      
Dividends and other movements   (21.5 )   (2.5 )   (24.0 )    
Exchange adjustments   (13.9 )   (17.5 )   (31.4 )   (0.8 )
Disposals   (0.1 )   (0.6 )   (0.7 )   (8.6 )
Reclassification from associates to other investments   (21.0 )   (41.9 )   (62.9 )   62.9  
Reclassification to subsidiaries   (8.5 )   (11.3 )   (19.8 )    
Revaluation of other investments               9.5  
Goodwill impairment       (15.4 )   (15.4 )    
Amortisation of other intangible assets       (0.5 )   (0.5 )    
31 December 2006   185.8     225.6     411.4     136.5  
Additions   25.3         25.3     61.9  
Goodwill arising on acquisition of new associates       45.2     45.2      
Share of results of associate undertakings (note 4)   41.4         41.4      
Dividends and other movements   (24.7 )   (4.5 )   (29.2 )    
Exchange adjustments   7.2     12.9     20.1      
Disposals   (0.4 )       (0.4 )   (1.1 )
Reclassification from other investments to associates   0.6     36.2     36.8     (36.8 )
Reclassification to subsidiaries   0.3     (0.4 )   (0.1 )    
Revaluation of other investments               108.1  
Goodwill impairment       (10.4 )   (10.4 )    
31 December 2007   235.5     304.6     540.1     268.6  

 

The investments included above as ‘other investments’ represent investments in equity securities that present the Group with opportunity for return through dividend income and trading gains. They have no fixed maturity or coupon rate. The fair values of the listed securities are based on quoted market prices. For unlisted securities, where market value is not available, the Group has estimated relevant fair values on the basis of publicly available information from outside sources or on the basis of discounted cash flow models where appropriate. The revaluation of other investments in 2007 includes the revaluation of the Group’s minority equity stake in an unlisted, European media company where the entry price for a new equity participant was at a significant premium to the Group’s previous assessment of fair value.

 

The carrying values of goodwill and other intangible assets in relation to associates and joint ventures are reviewed for impairment in accordance with the Group’s accounting policies.

 

14. Interests in associates, joint ventures and other investments (continued)

 

 

The Group’s principal associates and joint ventures at 31 December 2007 included:


     %
owned
   Country of
incorporation
AGB Nielsen Media Research BV    50.0    Netherlands
Asatsu-DK    22.9    Japan
Chime Communications PLC    21.8    UK
Dentsu, Young & Rubicam Inc.    49.0    Japan
High Co S.A.    33.0    France
Ibope Latinoamericana SA    31.2    Brazil
Kinetic Worldwide Limited    50.0    UK
GIIR, Inc    29.0    Korea
The Grass Roots Group PLC    44.9    UK
Singleton, Ogilvy & Mather (Holdings) Pty Limited    33.3    Australia
STW Communications Group Limited    19.8    Australia

 

The market value of the Group’s shares in its principal listed associate undertakings at 31 December 2007 was as follows: Asatsu-DK: £146.0 million, Chime Communications PLC: £19.9 million, High Co S.A.: £22.8 million GIIR, Inc: £20.1 million and STW Communications Group Limited: £41.6 million (2006: Asatsu-DK: £167.8 million, Chime Communications PLC: £30.6 million, High Co S.A.: £28.6 million and GIIR, Inc.: £26.4 million).

 

The carrying value (including goodwill) of these equity interests in the Group’s balance sheet at 31 December 2007 was as follows: Asatsu-DK: £145.3 million, Chime Communications PLC: £17.5 million, High Co S.A.: £23.1 million, GIIR, Inc: £17.2 million and STW Communication Group Limited: £37.3 million (2006: Asatsu-DK: £134.3 million, Chime Communications PLC: £15.5 million, High Co S.A.: £19.5 million and GIIR, Inc.: £25.6 million).

 

The Group’s investments in its principal associate undertakings are represented by ordinary shares.

 

Summarised financial information

The following tables present a summary of the aggregate financial performance and net asset position of the Group’s associate undertakings and joint ventures. These have been estimated and converted, where appropriate, to an IFRS presentation based on information provided by the relevant companies at 31 December 2007.


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Income statement               
Revenue    1,171.5    1,231.9    1,167.0
Operating profit    181.0    152.6    168.8
Profit before taxation    204.7    200.4    182.8
Profit for the year    136.9    138.8    113.8

 

     2007
£m
    2006
£m
 
Balance sheet             
Assets    3,013.2     2,788.1  
Liabilities    (1,708.9 )   (1,524.1 )
Net assets    1,304.3     1,264.0  

 

The application of equity accounting is ordinarily discontinued when the investment is reduced to zero and additional losses are not provided for unless the investor has guaranteed obligations of the investee or is otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the investee.

 

At the end of the year, capital commitments contracted, but not provided for in respect of interests in associates and other investments were £34.7 million (2006: £27.1 million).

 


15. Deferred tax

 

The Group’s tax assets and liabilities are measured at the end of each period in accordance with IAS 12 and IAS 37. Tax liabilities have been recognised based on the Group’s best estimate of potential tax exposures, using advice from external advisors where appropriate.

 

The recognition of deferred tax assets is determined by reference to the Group’s estimate of recoverability as required by IAS 12. The Group uses models where appropriate to forecast future taxable profits.

 

F-22


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

15. Deferred tax (continued)

 

Deferred tax assets are recognised in relation to an element of the Group’s defined benefit pension provisions. Assets have only been recognised for territories where the Group considers that it is probable there would be sufficient taxable profits for the future deductions to be utilised.

 

Certain deferred tax assets and liabilities have been offset as they relate to the same tax group. The following is the analysis of the deferred tax balances for financial reporting purposes:


     Gross
£m
    Offset
£m
    As
reported
£m
 
2007                   
Deferred tax assets    109.6     (53.6 )   56.0  
Deferred tax liabilities    (517.6 )   53.6     (464.0 )
     (408.0 )       (408.0 )
2006                   
Deferred tax assets    130.7     (21.8 )   108.9  
Deferred tax liabilities    (489.6 )   21.8     (467.8 )
     (358.9 )       (358.9 )

 

The following are the major gross deferred tax assets recognised by the Group and movements thereon in 2007 and 2006:


    Tax
losses
£m
    Retirement
benefit
obligations
£m
    Deferred
comp-
ensation
£m
    Other
short-term
temporary
differences
£m
    Total
£m
 
At 1 January 2006   52.9     16.9     21.8     53.8     145.4  
(Charge)/credit to income   (16.8 )       19.6     (9.1 )   (6.3 )
Credit to equity       5.3     12.3         17.6  
Exchange differences   (5.9 )   (1.4 )   (1.9 )   (8.1 )   (17.3 )
Transfer to current tax   (5.9 )       (2.8 )       (8.7 )
At 31 December 2006   24.3     20.8     49.0     36.6     130.7  
Credit/(charge) to income   10.0     1.5     (5.2 )   (20.7 )   (14.4 )
Charge to equity       (9.9 )   (0.5 )       (10.4 )
Exchange differences   1.9     1.0     (0.4 )   1.2     3.7  
At 31 December 2007   36.2     13.4     42.9     17.1     109.6  

 

In addition the Group has recognised the following gross deferred tax liabilities and movements thereon in 2007 and 2006:


    Brands
and other
intangibles
£m
    Associate
earnings
£m
    Goodwill
£m
    Other
short-term
temporary
differences
£m
    Total
£m
 
At 1 January 2006   504.3     12.4     11.6     19.9     548.2  
Acquisition of subsidiaries   7.6                 7.6  
(Charge)/credit to income   (18.3 )   5.3     9.3     (4.2 )   (7.9 )
Exchange differences   (50.8 )   (0.7 )   (1.6 )   (0.4 )   (53.5 )
Transfer to current tax               (4.8 )   (4.8 )
At 31 December 2006   442.8     17.0     19.3     10.5     489.6  
Acquisition of subsidiaries   25.4                 25.4  
(Charge)/credit to income   (15.9 )   2.3     0.2     15.1     1.7  
Exchange differences   (9.9 )               (9.9 )
Transfer to current tax       (0.8 )   13.0     (1.4 )   10.8  
At 31 December 2007   442.4     18.5     32.5     24.2     517.6  

 

Other short-term temporary differences comprise a number of items, none of which is individually significant to the Group’s balance sheet. At 31 December 2007, £19.3 million related to property related temporary differences.

 

At the balance sheet date, the Group has gross tax losses and other temporary differences of £3,141.5 million available for offset against future profits. Deferred tax assets have been recognised in respect of the tax benefit of £290.5 million of such tax losses and other temporary differences.No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of the remaining £2,851.0 million of losses and other temporary differences as the Group considers that there will not be enough taxable profit in the entities concerned

 

15. Deferred tax (continued)

 

such that any additional asset could be considered recoverable. Included in the total unrecognised temporary differences are losses of £239.5 million that will expire by 2020 (a further £155.2 million will expire after this date). £2,119.7 million of losses may be carried forward indefinitely.

 

At the balance sheet date, the aggregate amount of the temporary differences in relation to the investment in subsidiaries for which deferred tax liabilities have not been recognised was £6,754.0 million (2006: £5,796.8 million). No liability has been recognised in respect of these differences because the Group is in a position to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and the Group considers that it is probable that such differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

 


16. Inventory and work in progress

 

The following are included in the net book value of inventory and work in progress:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Work in progress    340.7    339.6
Inventory    3.2    1.9
     343.9    341.5

 


17. Trade and other receivables

 

The following are included in trade and other receivables:

 

Amounts falling due within one year:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Trade receivables    4,691.0    4,021.4
VAT and sales taxes recoverable    86.5    50.0
Prepayments and accrued income    753.5    422.1
Other debtors    609.8    438.4
     6,140.8    4,931.9

 

The ageing of our trade receivables and other financial assets is as follows:


            Past due but not impaired
   

Carrying
amount at 31

December
2007

£m

  Neither
past due
nor
impaired
£m
  0-30
days
£m
  31-90
days
£m
  91-180
days
£m
  181
days-
1 year
£m
  Greater
than 1
year
£m
Trade receivables   4,691.0   2,082.4   1,658.6   728.4   164.3   43.6   13.7
Other financial assets   600.7   339.8   123.8   49.9   30.7   22.8   33.7
    5,291.7   2,422.2   1,782.4   778.3   195.0   66.4   47.4

 

            Past due but not impaired
   

Carrying
amount at 31

December
2006

£m

  Neither
past due
nor
impaired
£m
  0-30
days
£m
  31-90
days
£m
  91-180
days
£m
  181
days-
1 year
£m
   Greater
than 1
year
£m
Trade receivables   4,021.4   1,785.1   1,421.9   624.4   140.8   37.4    11.8
Other financial assets   493.8   279.5   101.8   41.0   25.2   18.7    27.6
    4,515.2   2,064.6   1,523.7   665.4   166.0   56.1    39.4

 

Other financial assets are included in other debtors.

 

Past due amounts are not impaired where collection is still considered likely.

 

Amounts falling due after more than one year:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Prepayments and accrued income    3.4    3.7
Other debtors    145.9    106.6
     149.3    110.3

 

F-23


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

17. Trade and other receivables (continued)

 

Movements on bad debt provisions were as follows:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
 
Balance at beginning of year    71.7     80.1  
New acquisitions    1.0     0.9  
Charged to operating costs    15.1     17.1  
Exchange adjustments    2.3     (6.2 )
Utilisations and other movements    (20.2 )   (20.2 )
Balance at end of year    69.9     71.7  

 

The allowance for bad and doubtful debts is equivalent to 1.5% of gross trade accounts receivable.

 

The Group considers that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates their fair value.

 


18. Trade and other payables: amounts falling due within one year

 

The following are included in trade and other payables falling due within one year:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Trade payables    5,843.6    4,743.6
Other taxation and social security    276.4    182.7
Payments due to vendors (earnout agreements)    57.3    87.9
Loan notes due to vendors    2.7    1.8
Liabilities in respect of put option agreements with vendors    45.0    51.1
Other creditors and accruals    1,358.6    1,205.9
Deferred income    600.5    510.8

Share repurchases – close period commitments

(note 27)

   64.8   
     8,248.9    6,783.8

 

The Group considers that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates their fair value.

 


19. Trade and other payables: amounts falling due after more than one year

 

The following are included in trade and other payables falling due after more than one year:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Payments due to vendors (earnout agreements)    261.7    147.6
Liabilities in respect of put option agreements with vendors    37.0    28.8
Other creditors and accruals    161.7    155.5
     460.4    331.9

 

The Group considers that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates their fair value.

 

The following table sets out the undiscounted payments due to vendors, comprising deferred consideration and the directors’ best estimates of future earnout-related obligations:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Within one year    58.2    88.9
Between one and two years    63.2    36.5
Between two and three years    85.7    34.7
Between three and four years    65.2    49.1
Between four and five years    48.6    27.8
Over five years      
     320.9    237.0
Effect of discount rates    (1.9)    (1.5)
     319.0    235.5

 


20. Bank overdrafts, bonds and bank loans

 

Amounts falling due within one year:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Bank overdrafts    977.9    706.8
Convertible bonds    81.5    548.7
Corporate bonds and bank loans    526.5    5.1
     1,585.9    1,260.6

 

The Group considers that the carrying amount of overdrafts and short-term borrowings approximates their fair value.

 

Amounts falling due after more than 1 year:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Corporate bonds and bank loans    1,740.0    1,217.7

 

The Group estimates that the fair value of convertible and corporate bonds is £2,319.1 million at 31 December 2007 (2006: £1,809.3 million). The Group considers that the carrying amount of bank loans approximates their fair value.

 

The corporate bonds, convertible bonds, bank loans and overdrafts included within creditors fall due for repayment as follows:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
Within one year    1,585.9    1,260.6
Between one and two years       486.4
Between two and three years      
Between three and four years      
Between four and five years      
Over five years    1,740.0    731.3
     3,325.9    2,478.3

 


21. Provisions for liabilities and charges

 

The movements in 2007 and 2006 were as follows:


     Property
£m
    Other
£m
    Total
£m
 
1 January 2006    67.7     64.0     131.7  
Charged to the income statement    0.8     0.2     1.0  
New acquisitions    7.0     0.7     7.7  
Utilised    (10.6 )   (6.1 )   (16.7 )
Released to the income statement    (1.2 )   (5.4 )   (6.6 )
Transfers    0.2     (3.8 )   (3.6 )
Exchange adjustments    (2.1 )   (6.6 )   (8.7 )
31 December 2006    61.8     43.0     104.8  
Charged to the income statement    7.6     14.7     22.3  
New acquisitions    (0.3 )   6.1     5.8  
Utilised    (6.2 )   (2.6 )   (8.8 )
Released to the income statement    (5.2 )   (5.3 )   (10.5 )
Transfers    0.9     2.1     3.0  
Exchange adjustments    0.1     0.1     0.2  
31 December 2007    58.7     58.1     116.8  

 

Provisions comprise liabilities where there is uncertainty about the timing of settlement, but where a reliable estimate can be made of the amount. These include provisions for vacant space, sub-let losses and other property-related liabilities. Also included are other provisions, such as certain long-term employee benefits and legal claims, where the likelihood of settlement is considered probable.

 

The Company and various of its subsidiaries are, from time to time, parties to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. The directors do not anticipate that the outcome of these proceedings and claims will have a material adverse effect on the Group’s financial position or on the results of its operations.

 

F-24


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


22. Share-based payments

 

Charges for share-based incentive plans were as follows:


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
   2005
£m
Share-based payments    62.4    70.9    68.6

 

Share-based payments comprise charges for stock options and restricted stock awards to employees of the group.

 

As of 31 December 2007, there was £69.8 million (2006: £58.1 million) of total unrecognised compensation cost related to the Group’s restricted stock plans. That cost is expected to be recognised over a weighted-average period of 11 months (2006: 12 months).

 

Further information on stock options is provided in note 26.

 

Restricted stock plans

The Group operates a number of equity-settled share incentive schemes, in most cases satisfied by the delivery of stock from one of the Group’s ESOP Trusts. The most significant current schemes are as follows:

 

Renewed Leadership Equity Acquisition Plan (Renewed LEAP)

Under Renewed LEAP, the most senior executives of the Group, including certain executive directors, commit WPP shares (‘investment shares’) in order to have the opportunity to earn additional WPP shares (‘matching shares’). The number of matching shares which a participant can receive at the end of the fixed performance period (five years in the case of the 2005, 2006 and 2007 grants; four years for the 2004 grant) is dependent on the performance (based on the Total Share Owner Return (TSR)) of the Company over that period against a comparator group of other listed communications services companies. The maximum possible number of matching shares for each of the 2007, 2006 and 2005 grants is five shares for each investment share. The 2004 Renewed LEAP plan vested in March 2008 at a match of 2.6 shares for each investment share.

 

Long-Term Incentive Plans (LTIP)

For 2004 and prior years, senior executives of most Group operating companies participated in their respective company’s long-term incentive plans, based on the achievement of three-year financial performance targets. These plans operated on a rolling three-year basis. The value of payments earned by executives over each performance period was typically based on the achievement of targeted improvements in the following performance measures over the relevant three-year period: (i) average operating profit or profit before taxation; (ii) average operating margin.

 

The last significant grant under LTIP vested in March 2007 as the scheme has been superseded by PSA (see below).

 

Performance Share Awards (PSA)

Grants of stock under PSA are dependent upon annual performance targets, typically based on one or more of: operating profit, profit before taxation and operating margin. Grants are made in the year following the year of performance measurement, and will vest two years after grant date provided the individual concerned is continually employed by the Group throughout this time.

 

Leaders, Partners and High Potential Group

Stock option grants under the executive stock option plan were not significant in 2007, 2006 or 2005 as the Group made grants of restricted stock (to be satisfied by stock from one of the Group’s ESOP trusts) to participants instead. Performance conditions include continued employment over the three-year vesting period.

 

Valuation methodology

For all of these schemes, the valuation methodology is based upon fair value on grant date, which is determined by the market price on that date or the application of a Black-Scholes model, depending upon the characteristics of the scheme concerned. The assumptions underlying the Black-Scholes model are detailed in note 26, including details of assumed dividend yields. Market price on any given day is obtained from external, publicly available sources.

 

Market/Non-market conditions

Most share-based plans are subject to non-market performance conditions, such as margin or growth targets, as well as continued employment. The Renewed LEAP scheme is subject to a number of performance conditions, including TSR, a market-based condition.

 

For schemes without market-based performance conditions, the valuation methodology above is applied and, at each year end, the relevant accrual for each grant is revised, if appropriate, to take account of any changes in estimate of the likely number of shares expected to vest.

 

22. Share-based payments (continued)

 

For schemes with market-based performance conditions, the probability of satisfying these conditions is assessed at grant date through a statistical model (such as the ‘Monte Carlo Model’) and applied to the fair value. This initial valuation remains fixed throughout the life of the relevant plan, irrespective of the actual outcome in terms of performance. Where a lapse occurs due to cessation of employment, the cumulative charge taken to date is reversed.

 

Movement on ordinary shares granted for significant restricted stock plans


    Non-vested
1 January
2007
number
(m)
  Granted
number
(m)
  Lapsed
number
(m)
   

Vested
number

(m)

   

Non-vested
31 December

2007

number

(m)

Renewed LEAP1   2.6   0.6           3.2
Long-Term Incentive Plans (LTIP)   3.9     (0.1 )   (3.8 )  
Performance Share Awards (PSA)   4.4   3.6   (0.6 )   (0.1 )   7.3
Leaders, Partners and High Potential Group   6.0   3.0   (0.6 )       8.4
Weighted average fair value (pence per share):                        
Renewed LEAP1   592p   623p   n/a     n/a     598p
Long-Term Incentive Plans (LTIP)   543p   n/a   525p     543p     n/a
Performance Share Awards (PSA)   669p   778p   717p     656p     719p
Leaders, Partners and High Potential Group   616p   648p   616p     570p     628p

 

Notes

1

 

The number of shares granted represent the ‘investment shares’ committed by participants at grant date. The actual number of shares that will vest is dependent on the extent to which the relevant performance criteria are satisfied.

 

The total fair value of shares vested for all the Group’s restricted stock plans during the year ended 31 December 2007 was £31.7 million (2006: £46.7 million, 2005: £17.3 million).

 


23. Provision for post-employment benefits

 

Companies within the Group operate a large number of pension schemes, the forms and benefits of which vary with conditions and practices in the countries concerned. The Group’s pension costs are analysed as follows:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Defined contribution schemes    66.4     63.2     59.3  
Defined benefit schemes charge to operating profit    14.3     18.5     16.3  
Pension costs (note 5)    80.7     81.7     75.6  

Expected return on pension scheme assets

(note 6)

   (28.1 )   (25.2 )   (24.2 )
Interest on pension scheme liabilities (note 6)    33.8     32.4     32.0  
     86.4     88.9     83.4  

 

Defined benefit schemes

The pension costs are assessed in accordance with the advice of local independent qualified actuaries. The latest full actuarial valuations for the various schemes were carried out as at various dates in the last three years. These valuations have generally been updated by the local independent qualified actuaries to 31 December 2007.

 

The Group has a policy of closing defined benefit schemes to new members which has been effected in respect of a significant number of the schemes.

 

Contributions to funded schemes are determined in line with local conditions and practices. Certain contributions in respect of unfunded schemes are paid as they fall due. In 2006 the Group implemented a funding strategy under which our objective is to fully eliminate the deficit for funded schemes by 31 December 2010. The total contributions (for funded schemes) and benefit payments (for unfunded schemes) paid for 2007 amounted to £47.0 million (2006: £48.6 million, 2005: £35.6 million). Employer contributions and benefit payments in 2008 are expected to be £39.4 million.

 

F-25


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

23. Provision for post-employment benefits (continued)

 

(a) Assumptions

The main weighted average assumptions used for the actuarial valuations at 31 December are shown in the following table:


     2007
% pa
   2006
% pa
   2005
% pa
   2004
% pa
UK                    
Discount rate    5.8    5.1    4.7    5.3
Rate of increase in salaries    4.8    4.5    4.3    4.3
Rate of increase in pensions in payment    4.1    3.9    3.8    3.8
Inflation    3.3    3.0    2.8    2.8
Expected rate of return on equities    7.3    7.3    7.3    7.5
Expected rate of return on bonds1    5.3    5.0    4.5    5.0
Expected rate of return on insured annuities    5.8    5.1    4.7    5.3
Expected rate of return on property    5.0    7.0    7.0    7.0
Expected rate of return on cash and other    4.8    4.8    4.3    3.0
Weighted average return on assets    5.8    5.6    5.2    5.7
North America                    
Discount rate    6.1    5.7    5.5    5.7
Rate of increase in salaries    4.6    4.0    4.0    4.0
Inflation    2.5    2.5    2.5    3.0
Expected rate of return on equities    7.9    7.9    7.9    7.9
Expected rate of return on bonds1    5.1    4.8    4.7    4.8
Expected rate of return on cash and other    3.0    3.0    3.0    1.8
Weighted average return on assets    6.7    6.8    6.7    6.9
Continental Europe                    
Discount rate    5.5    4.6    4.2    4.5
Rate of increase in salaries    2.9    2.8    2.9    3.1
Rate of increase in pensions in payment    2.1    2.0    1.6    1.7
Inflation    2.2    2.1    2.0    2.0
Expected rate of return on equities    7.2    7.2    6.7    7.0
Expected rate of return on bonds1    4.5    4.4    4.3    4.5
Expected rate of return on property    5.5    6.1    6.2    6.4
Expected rate of return on cash and other    4.3    3.4    2.5    2.6
Weighted average return on assets    5.3    5.5    5.4    5.5
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East                    
Discount rate    3.9    3.1    3.5    3.1
Rate of increase in salaries    4.0    3.7    3.6    3.1
Inflation    4.6    1.2    2.0    1.5
Expected rate of return on equities    10.0         
Expected rate of return on bonds1,2    6.2    5.3    8.2    7.9
Expected rate of return on property       10.0    11.0    10.0
Expected rate of return on cash and other2    1.6    2.0    1.6    1.6
Weighted average return on assets    3.7    3.2    3.3    3.1

 

Note

1

 

Expected rate of return on bonds assumptions refiect the yield expected on actual bonds held, whereas the discount rate assumptions are based on high-quality corporate bond yields.

2

 

Insurance instruments are classified in cash and other. In previous financial statements they were classified in bonds.

 

For the Group’s plans, the plans’ assets are invested with the objective of being able to meet current and future benefit payment needs, while controlling balance sheet volatility and future contributions. Plan assets are invested with a number of investment managers, and assets are diversified among equities, bonds, insured annuities, property and cash or other liquid investments. The primary use of bonds as an investment class is to match the anticipated cash flows from the plans to pay pensions. Various insurance policies have also been bought historically to provide a more exact match for the cash flows, including a match for the actual mortality of specific plan members. These insurance policies effectively provide

 

23. Provision for post-employment benefits (continued)

 

protection against both investment fluctuations and longevity risks. The strategic target allocation varies among the individual schemes.

 

Establishing the expected long-term rates of investment return on pension assets is a judgemental matter. Management considers the types of investment classes in which our pension plan assets are invested and the expected compound return we can reasonably expect the portfolio to earn over time, which reflects forward-looking economic assumptions.

 

Management reviews the expected long-term rates of return on an annual basis and revises them as appropriate.

 

Also, we periodically commission detailed asset and liability studies performed by third-party professional investment advisors and actuaries, which generate probability-adjusted expected future returns on those assets. These studies also project our estimated future pension payments and evaluate the efficiency of the allocation of our pension plan assets into various investment categories.

 

The studies performed at the time we set these assumptions supported the reasonableness of our return assumptions based on the target allocation of investment classes and the then current market conditions.

 

At 31 December 2007, the life expectancies underlying the value of the accrued liabilities for the main defined benefit pension plans operated by the Group were as follows:


Years life expectancy after age 65   All
plans
  North
America
  UK   Europe   Asia
Pacific
– current pensioners – male   19.6   19.0   20.5   18.3   19.3
– current pensioners – female   22.2   21.0   23.3   21.7   24.7
– future pensioners (current age 45) – male   20.5   19.0   21.9   20.6   21.4
– future pensioners (current age 45) – female   23.2   21.0   24.8   23.8   28.2

 

The life expectancies after age 65 at 31 December 2006 were 19.4 years and 22.1 years for male and female current pensioners respectively, and 20.3 years and 23.1 years for male and female future pensioners (current age 45) respectively.

 

For a 0.25% increase or decrease in the discount rate at 31 December 2007, the 2008 pension expense would be broadly unchanged as the change in service cost and interest cost are similar. The effect on the year-end 2007 pension deficit would be a decrease or increase, respectively, of approximately £20.0 million.

 

(b) Assets and liabilities

At 31 December, the fair value of the assets in the schemes, and the assessed present value of the liabilities in the schemes are shown in the following table:


     2007
£m
    %    2006
£m
    %    2005
£m
    %
Group                                 
Equities    174.2     34.6    173.7     36.9    164.2     36.2
Bonds    203.8     40.4    198.0     42.1    191.1     42.2
Insured annuities    65.0     12.9    70.8     15.1    73.2     16.1
Property    16.6     3.3    18.7     4.0    17.5     3.9
Cash    44.4     8.8    9.2     1.9    7.2     1.6
Total fair value of assets    504.0     100.0    470.4     100.0    453.2     100.0
Present value of scheme liabilities    (637.6 )        (657.0 )        (684.6 )    
Deficit in the schemes    (133.6 )        (186.6 )        (231.4 )    
Irrecoverable surplus    (0.5 )        (1.0 )             
Unrecognised past service cost    (0.9 )                      
Net liability1    (135.0 )        (187.6 )        (231.4 )    
Schemes in surplus    8.4          4.7               
Schemes in deficit    (143.4 )        (192.3 )        (231.4 )    

 

Note

1

 

The related deferred tax asset is discussed in note 15.

 

F-26


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

23. Provision for post-employment benefits (continued)

 

The total fair value of assets, present value of scheme liabilities and deficit in the scheme for 2004 were £329.9 million, £595.2 million and £202.3 million respectively.

 

Deficit in schemes by region


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
UK    (24.2 )   (50.0 )   (54.4 )
North America    (59.6 )   (82.3 )   (117.6 )
Continental Europe    (46.7 )   (51.2 )   (55.1 )
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East    (3.1 )   (3.1 )   (4.3 )
Deficit in the schemes    (133.6 )   (186.6 )   (231.4 )

 

Some of the Group’s defined benefit schemes are unfunded (or largely unfunded) by common custom and practice in certain jurisdictions. In the case of these unfunded schemes, the benefit payments are made as and when they fall due. Pre-funding of these schemes would not be typical business practice.

 

The following table shows the split of the deficit at 31 December 2007, 2006 and 2005 between funded and unfunded schemes.


    2007
(Deficit)/
surplus
£m
    2007
Present
value of
scheme
liabilities
£m
    2006
Deficit
£m
    2006
Present
value of
scheme
liabilities
£m
    2005
Deficit
£m
    2005
Present
value of
scheme
liabilities
£m
 
Funded schemes by region                                    
UK   (24.2 )   (274.2 )   (50.0 )   (295.8 )   (54.4 )   (290.1 )
North America   1.6     (183.5 )   (15.0 )   (178.9 )   (44.9 )   (203.0 )
Continental Europe   (16.2 )   (77.6 )   (19.3 )   (72.5 )   (24.1 )   (77.1 )
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East   (1.6 )   (9.1 )   (2.1 )   (9.6 )   (2.5 )   (8.9 )
Deficit/liabilities in the funded schemes   (40.4 )   (544.4 )   (86.4 )   (556.8 )   (125.9 )   (579.1 )
Unfunded schemes by region                                    
UK                        
North America   (61.2 )   (61.2 )   (67.3 )   (67.3 )   (72.7 )   (72.7 )
Continental Europe   (30.5 )   (30.5 )   (31.9 )   (31.9 )   (31.0 )   (31.0 )
Asia Pacific, Latin America, Africa & Middle East   (1.5 )   (1.5 )   (1.0 )   (1.0 )   (1.8 )   (1.8 )
Deficit/liabilities in the unfunded schemes   (93.2 )   (93.2 )   (100.2 )   (100.2 )   (105.5 )   (105.5 )
                                     
Deficit/liabilities in the schemes   (133.6 )   (637.6 )   (186.6 )   (657.0 )   (231.4 )   (684.6 )

 

In accordance with IAS 19, schemes that are wholly or partially funded are considered funded schemes. In previous financial statements, schemes with funding levels of less than 50% were considered unfunded schemes.

 

23. Provision for post-employment benefits (continued)

 

(c) Pension expense

The following table shows the breakdown of the pension expense between amounts charged to operating profit, amounts charged to finance income and finance costs and amounts recognised in the statement of recognised income and expense (SORIE):


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Group                   
Current service cost    16.2     18.3     17.9  
Past service (income)/cost    (1.1 )   0.3     (1.4 )
Gain on settlements and curtailments    (0.8 )   (0.1 )   (0.2 )
Charge to operating profit    14.3     18.5     16.3  
Expected return on pension scheme assets    (28.1 )   (25.2 )   (24.2 )
Interest on pension scheme liabilities    33.8     32.4     32.0  
Charge to profit before taxation for defined benefit schemes    20.0     25.7     24.1  
                    
(Loss)/gain on pension scheme assets relative to expected return    (6.0 )   9.3     22.4  
Experience gains arising on the scheme liabilities    0.1     3.5     3.6  
Changes in assumptions underlying the present value of the scheme liabilities    35.4     (0.5 )   (31.3 )
Change in irrecoverable surplus    0.5     (1.0 )    
Movement in exchange rates    (3.0 )   14.7     (10.9 )
Actuarial gain/(loss) recognised in SORIE    27.0     26.0     (16.2 )

 

As at 31 December 2007 the cumulative amount of net actuarial losses recognised in equity since 1 January 2001 was £63.5 million (31 December 2006: £90.5 million, 31 December 2005: £116.5 million). Of this amount, a net gain of £18.3 million was recognised since the 1 January 2004 adoption of IAS 19.

 

In accordance with IAS 19, certain other long-term employee benefits should be measured in the same manner as a defined benefit plan. In 2005, the SORIE included £0.3 million for such plans.

 

(d) Movement in scheme obligations

The following table shows an analysis of the movement in the scheme obligations for each accounting period:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Change in benefit obligation                   
Benefit obligation at beginning of year    657.0     684.6     595.2  
Service cost    16.2     18.3     17.9  
Interest cost    33.8     32.4     32.0  
Plan participants’ contributions    0.5     0.5     0.6  
Actuarial (gain)/loss    (35.5 )   (3.0 )   27.7  
Benefits paid    (40.2 )   (40.1 )   (38.4 )
Loss/(gain) due to exchange rate movements    7.2     (37.8 )   25.6  
Plan amendments    (2.0 )   0.3     (1.4 )
Acquisitions    0.3         14.2  
Reclassification    1.1     5.8     11.4  
Settlements and curtailments    (0.8 )   (4.0 )   (0.2 )
Benefit obligation at end of year    637.6     657.0     684.6  

 

The reclassifications represent certain of the Group’s defined benefit plans which are included in this note for the first time in the periods presented.

 

F-27


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

23. Provision for post-employment benefits (continued)

 

(e) Movement in scheme assets

The following table shows an analysis of the movement in the scheme assets for each accounting period:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Change in plan assets                   
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year    470.4     453.2     392.9  
Expected return on plan assets    28.1     25.2     24.2  
Actuarial (loss)/gain on plan assets    (6.0 )   9.3     22.4  
Employer contributions    47.0     48.6     35.6  
Plan participants’ contributions    0.5     0.5     0.6  
Benefits paid    (40.2 )   (40.1 )   (38.4 )
Loss/(gain) due to exchange rate movements    4.2     (23.1 )   14.7  
Acquisitions            1.2  
Reclassification        0.7      
Settlements        (3.9 )    
Fair value of plan assets at end of year    504.0     470.4     453.2  
Actual return on plan assets    22.1     34.5     46.6  

 

(f) History of experience gains and losses

                  
     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
(Loss)/gain on pension scheme assets relative to expected return:                   
Amount    (6.0 )   9.3     22.4  
Percentage of scheme assets    1.2%     2.0%     4.9%  
Experience gains arising on the scheme liabilities:                   
Amount    0.1     3.5     3.6  
Percentage of the present value of the scheme liabilities    0.0%     0.5%     0.5%  
Total gain/(loss) recognised in SORIE:                   
Amount    27.0     26.0     (16.2)  
Percentage of the present value of the scheme liabilities    4.2%     4.0%     (2.4%)  

 

The experience gains on pension scheme assets and scheme liabilities in 2004 were £13.5 million and £1.2 million respectively.

 


24. Risk management policies

 

Foreign currency risk

The Group’s results in pounds sterling are subject to fluctuation as a result of exchange rate movements. The Group does not hedge this translation exposure to its earnings but does hedge the currency element of its net assets using foreign currency borrowings, cross-currency swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts.

 

Interest rate risk

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk on both interest-bearing assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Group has a policy of actively managing its interest rate risk exposure while recognising that fixing rates on all its debt eliminates the possibility of benefiting from rate reductions and similarly, having all its debt at floating rates unduly exposes the Group to increases in rates.

 

Liquidity risk

The Group actively maintains a mixture of long- and short-term committed facilities that are designed to ensure the Group has sufficient available funds to meet current and forecast financial requirements as cost-effectively as possible. As at 31 December 2007 the Group has a committed credit facility of £759 million which was undrawn.

 

Capital risk management

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The capital structure of the Group consists of debt, which includes the borrowings disclosed in note 10, cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising issued capital, reserves and retained earnings as disclosed in notes 26 and 27.

 

24. Risk management policies (continued)

 

Credit risk

The Group’s principal financial assets are cash and short-term deposits, trade and other receivables and investments, the carrying values of which represent the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to financial assets, as shown in note 25.

 

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The majority of the Group’s trade receivables are due from large national or multinational companies where the risk of default is considered low. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of allowances for doubtful receivables, estimated by the Group’s management based on prior experience and their assessment of the current economic environment.

 

The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.

 

A relatively small number of clients contribute a significant percentage of the Group’s consolidated revenues. The Group’s clients generally are able to reduce advertising and marketing spending or cancel projects at any time for any reason. There can be no assurance that any of the Group’s clients will continue to utilise the Group’s services to the same extent, or at all, in the future. A significant reduction in advertising and marketing spending by, or the loss of one or more of, the Group’s largest clients, if not replaced by new client accounts or an increase in business from existing clients, would adversely affect the Group’s prospects, business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Sensitivity analysis

The following sensitivity analysis addresses the effect of currency and interest rate risks on the Group’s financial instruments. The analysis assumes that all hedges are highly effective.

 

Currency risk

A 10% weakening of sterling against the Group’s major currencies would result in the following losses, which would be posted directly to equity. These losses would arise on the retranslation of foreign currency denominated borrowings and derivatives designated as effective net investment hedges of overseas net assets. These losses would be offset in equity by a corresponding gain arising on the retranslation of the related hedged foreign currency net assets. A 10% strengthening of sterling would have an equal and opposite effect. There are no other material foreign exchange exposures which would create gains or losses to the functional reporting currencies of individual entities in the Group.


     2007
£m
   2006
£m
United States Dollar    51.8    10.7
Euro    44.0    66.0

 

Interest rate risk

A one percentage point increase or decrease in market interest rates for all currencies in which the Group had borrowings at 31 December 2007 would increase or decrease profit before tax respectively by approximately £11.1 million (2006: £7.7 million). The effect on equity as at 31 December 2007 would be £22.7 million (2006: £11.6 million). This has been calculated by applying the interest rate change to the Group’s variable rate borrowings.

 

F-28


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


25. Financial instruments

 

Currency derivatives

The Group utilises currency derivatives to hedge significant future transactions and cash flows and the exchange risk arising on translation of the Group’s investments in foreign operations. The Group is a party to a variety of foreign currency derivatives in the management of its exchange rate exposures. The instruments purchased are primarily denominated in the currencies of the Group’s principal markets.

 

At 31 December 2007, the fair value of the Group’s currency derivatives is estimated to be a net liability of approximately £7.2 million (2006: £7.2 million asset). These amounts are based on market values of equivalent instruments at the balance sheet date, comprising £50.3 million (2006: £32.1 million) assets included in trade and other receivables and £57.5 million (2006: £24.9 million) liabilities included in trade and other payables. The fair value movement of currency derivatives during the year that are designated and effective as net investment hedges amounts to £6.7 million (2006: £22.9 million) and has been charged to and deferred in equity.

 

Changes in the fair value relating to the ineffective portion of the currency derivatives amounted to £7.0 million (2006: £1.3 million, 2005: £4.4 million) which has been charged to finance costs for the year. This charge resulted from a £19.2 million loss on hedging instruments and a £12.2 million gain on hedged items.

 

The Group currently designates its foreign currency-denominated debt and cross-currency swaps as hedging instruments against the currency risk associated with the translation of its foreign operations.

 

At the balance sheet date, the total nominal amount of outstanding forward foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedges was £412.6 million. The Group estimates the fair value of these contracts is £1.5 million.

 

These arrangements are designed to address significant exchange exposure and are renewed on a revolving basis as required.

 

Interest rate swaps

The Group uses interest rate swaps as hedging instruments in fair value hedges to manage its exposure to interest rate movements on its borrowings. Contracts with nominal values of 200 million have fixed interest receipts at 6.00% up until June 2008 and have floating interest payments averaging EURIBOR plus 2.185%. Contracts with a nominal value of 1,300 million have fixed interest receipts of 4.96% up until July 2013 and have floating interest payments averaging EURIBOR plus 0.90%. Contracts with a nominal value of 100 million have fixed interest payments of 5.56% until June 2014 and have floating rate receipts averaging LIBOR plus 0.96%.

 

Contracts with a nominal value of £200 million have fixed interest receipts of 6.00% up until April 2017 and have floating rate payments averaging LIBOR plus 0.64%.

 

The fair value of interest rate swaps entered into at 31 December 2007 is estimated to be a net asset of approximately £0.4 million (2006: £0.1 million). These amounts are based on market values of equivalent instruments at the balance sheet date, comprising £22.7 million (2006: £8.2 million) assets included in trade and other receivables and £22.3 million (2006: £8.1 million) liabilities included in trade and other payables.

 

Changes in the fair value relating to the ineffective portion of interest rate swaps amounted to £0.1 million (2006: £1.3 million, 2005: nil) which has been charged to finance costs for the year. This charge resulted from a £2.3 million gain on hedging instruments and a £2.4 million loss on hedged items.

 

25. Financial instruments (continued)

 

An analysis of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities by accounting classification is set out below:


    Derivatives
in
designated
hedge
relationships
£m
    Held
for
trading
£m
    Loans &
receivables
£m
  Available
for sale
£m
 

Amortised
cost

£m

    Carrying
value
£m
 
2007                                
Other investments             268.6       268.6  
Cash and short-term deposits           2,040.2         2,040.2  
Bank overdrafts and loans               (1,585.9 )   (1,585.9 )
Bonds and bank loans               (1,740.0 )   (1,740.0 )
Trade and other receivables: amounts falling due within one year           5,219.1         5,219.1  
Trade and other receivables: amounts falling due after more than one year           72.6         72.6  
Trade and other payables: amounts falling due within one year               (5,883.0 )   (5,883.0 )
Trade and other payables: amounts falling after more than one year               (12.6 )   (12.6 )
Derivative assets   73.0     5.5             78.5  
Derivative liabilities   (79.8 )               (79.8 )
Share repurchases – close period commitments       (64.8 )           (64.8 )
Liabilities in respect of put options       (82.0 )           (82.0 )
    (6.8 )   (141.3 )   7,331.9   268.6   (9,221.5 )   (1,769.1 )

 

F-29


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

25. Financial instruments (continued)

 

   

Derivatives

in
designated
hedge
relationships
£m

    Held
for
trading
£m
    Loans &
receivables
£m
  Available
for sale
£m
 

Amortised
cost

£m

    Carrying
value
£m
 
2006                                
Other investments             136.5       136.5  
Cash and short-term deposits           1,663.7         1,663.7  
Bank overdrafts and loans               (1,260.6 )   (1,260.6 )
Bonds and bank loans               (1,217.7 )   (1,217.7 )
Trade and other receivables: amounts falling due within one year           4,443.5         4,443.5  
Trade and other receivables: amounts falling due after more than one year           71.7         71.7  
Trade and other payables: amounts falling due within one year               (4,758.4 )   (4,758.4 )
Trade and other payables: amounts falling after more than one year               (3.7 )   (3.7 )
Derivative assets   40.3     3.7             44.0  
Derivative liabilities   (33.0 )               (33.0 )
Liabilities in respect of put options       (79.9 )           (79.9 )
    7.3     (76.2 )   6,178.9   136.5   (7,240.4 )   (993.9 )

 

 

The fair value of financial assets and liabilities are based on quoted market prices where available. Where market value is not available, the Group has estimated relevant fair values on the basis of publicly available information from outside sources or on the basis of discounted cashflow models where appropriate.

 


26. Authorised and issued share capital

 


    

Equity

ordinary
shares

    Nominal
value
£m
 
Authorised             
At 1 January 2006    1,750,000,000     175.0  
At 31 December 2006    1,750,000,000     175.0  
At 31 December 2007    1,750,000,000     175.0  
              
Issued and fully paid             
At 1 January 2006    1,252,899,372     125.3  
Exercise of share options    20,984,083     2.1  
Share cancellations    (33,157,108 )   (3.3 )
Other    (121,160 )   (0.0 )
At 31 December 2006    1,240,605,187     124.1  
Exercise of share options    7,773,345     0.7  
Share cancellations    (57,193,623 )   (5.7 )
Acquisitions    305,354     0.1  
Other    1,000     0.0  
At 31 December 2007    1,191,491,263     119.2  

 

Fully paid ordinary shares, which have a per value of 10p, carry one vote per share and the right to dividends.

 

Share options

WPP Executive Share Option Scheme

As at 31 December 2007, unexercised options over ordinary shares of 12,379,801 and unexercised options over ADRs of 3,870,415 have been granted under the WPP Executive Share Option Scheme as follows:

 

Number of ordinary

shares under option

   Exercise price
per share (£)
   Exercise dates
493,629    2.930    2001 - 2008
5,022    3.030    2001 - 2008
10,950    3.270    2001 - 2008
7,973    3.763    2006 - 2013
42,899    3.763    2006 - 2013
4,239    3.763    2006 - 2013
110,667    4.210    2005 - 2012
1,383,200    4.210    2005 - 2012
53,652    4.210    2006 - 2012
30,658    4.210    2005 - 2013
3,832    4.210    2005 - 2012
32,385    4.210    2005 - 2012
4,597    4.210    2005 - 2012
3,832    4.210    2005 - 2012
77,552    4.438    2005 - 2012
6,759    4.438    2005 - 2012
41,170    4.615    2006 - 2013
51,247    4.615    2007 - 2013
68,817    4.865    2004 - 2011
1,071,242    4.865    2004 - 2011
31,558    4.865    2005 - 2011
38,543    5.185    2002 - 2009
2,000,000    5.490    2007 - 2014
27,288    5.520    2008 - 2014
197,094    5.535    2007 - 2014
1,141,935    5.535    2007 - 2014
942,601    5.535    2007 - 2014
38,524    5.535    2008 - 2014
28,942    5.535    2007 - 2008

 

F-30


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Number of ordinary

shares under option

   Exercise price
per share (£)
   Exercise dates
6,124    5.535    2007 - 2015
987    5.535    2007 - 2014
24,390    5.535    2007 - 2014
2,469    5.535    2007 - 2014
240,293    5.535    2007 - 2014
235,976    5.595    2006 - 2013
1,807,700    5.595    2006 - 2013
17,194    5.595    2006 - 2014
39,698    5.595    2007 - 2013
18,709    5.595    2006 - 2013
47,660    5.595    2006 - 2013
29,636    5.595    2006 - 2013
291,465    5.595    2006 - 2013
235,251    5.700    2002 - 2009
7,740    5.725    2007 - 2014
9,676    5.725    2007 - 2014
11,423    5.775    2009 - 2015
14,826    5.818    2008 - 2015
2,964    5.818    2008 - 2015
8,940    5.895    2008 - 2015
11,175    5.895    2008 - 2015
2,235    5.895    2008 - 2015
11,980    5.895    2008 - 2015
8,778    6.105    2008 - 2015
25,510    6.105    2008 - 2015
9,828    6.105    2008 - 2015
8,830    6.228    2010 - 2017
7,876    6.228    2011 - 2017
4,280    6.718    2009 - 2016
10,700    6.718    2009 - 2016
4,280    6.718    2009 - 2016
23,480    6.718    2009 - 2016
69,369    6.718    2009 - 2016
19,566    6.718    2011 - 2016
2,062    6.938    2009 - 2016
49,906    7.180    2005 - 2012
33,099    7.550    2005 - 2012
30,294    7.550    2005 - 2012
66,189    7.550    2005 - 2012
317,846    7.550    2005 - 2012
3,741    7.550    2006 - 2012
15,870    7.723    2010 - 2017
22,396    8.110    2004 - 2011
38,566    8.110    2004 - 2011
6,544    8.193    2004 - 2011
19,630    8.193    2004 - 2011
394,774    9.010    2003 - 2010
11,575    9.010    2004 - 2010
115,590    9.010    2003 - 2010
19,428    10.770    2003 - 2010
10,476    10.770    2003 - 2010

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Number of ADRs

under option

   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
12,457    30.080    2006 - 2013
2,692    30.080    2006 - 2013
535,364    33.200    2005 - 2012
8,732    33.200    2005 - 2012
2,881    34.702    2005 - 2012
368,031    35.380    2004 - 2011
195,194    46.475    2002 - 2009
975,375    47.410    2006 - 2013
30,471    47.410    2006 - 2013
630    47.410    2006 - 2013
44,222    47.410    2006 - 2013
3,163    47.410    2006 - 2013
1,548    48.450    2007 - 2014
17,459    50.670    2008 - 2015
197    50.670    2008 - 2015
982,954    50.800    2007 - 2014
196    50.800    2007 - 2014
18,597    50.800    2007 - 2014
2,952    50.800    2007 - 2014
42,460    50.800    2007 - 2014
38,401    51.220    2007 - 2014
15,222    53.030    2005 - 2012
15,096    54.050    2005 - 2012
133,837    54.050    2005 - 2012
18,439    54.230    2008 - 2015
458    54.570    2008 - 2015
4,581    54.570    2008 - 2015
8,973    55.740    2008 - 2015
898    55.740    2008 - 2015
898    55.740    2008 - 2015
2,691    57.020    2008 - 2015
21,992    57.020    2008 - 2015
6,976    57.338    2003 - 2010
20,096    58.238    2004 - 2011
856    58.460    2009 - 2016
22,666    58.460    2009 - 2016
856    58.460    2009 - 2016
10,159    58.886    2004 - 2010
7,249    61.290    2009 - 2016
7,249    61.290    2010 - 2016
7,248    61,290    2011 - 2016
16,210    61.690    2009 - 2016
49,544    62.110    2003 - 2010
2,415    62.110    2005 - 2010
187,950    62.263    2003 - 2010
796    62.810    2010 - 2017
468    63.900    2009 - 2016
2,423    63.900    2009 - 2016
2,007    74.720    2010 - 2017
5,594    75.940    2010 - 2017
12,592    84.485    2003 - 2010

 

F-31


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

WPP Worldwide Share Ownership Program

As at 31 December 2007, unexercised options over ordinary shares of 5,838,150 and unexercised options over ADRs of 804,232 have been granted under the WPP Worldwide Share Ownership Program as follows:


Number of ordinary

shares under option

   Exercise price
per share (£)
   Exercise dates
3,000    3.400    2001 - 2008
235,800    3.903    2006 - 2013
1,400    3.903    2006 - 2013
3,000    3.903    2006 - 2013
6,000    3.903    2007 - 2013
9,275    4.210    2005 - 2012
1,625    4.210    2005 - 2013
1,000    5.210    2004 - 2011
98,675    5.315    2002 - 2009
1,400    5.315    2003 - 2009
12,000    5.435    2008 - 2014
7,125    5.435    2007 - 2008
1,875    5.435    2007 - 2011
385,500    5.435    2007 - 2014
10,375    5.435    2007 - 2014
8,125    5.775    2008 - 2015
3,250    5.990    2004 - 2011
13,375    6.195    2008 - 2015
972,175    6.195    2008 - 2015
8,875    6.195    2009 - 2015
4,500    6.195    2008 - 2012
15,420    6.668    2009 - 2017
109,159    6.740    2009 - 2016
1,010,323    6.938    2009 - 2016
109,270    6.938    2010 - 2016
9,039    6.938    2010 - 2016
5,000    6.938    2009 - 2013
43,500    7.005    2010 - 2017
422,350    7.180    2005 - 2012
8,875    7.180    2006 - 2012
130,875    7.478    2011 - 2017
1,411,714    7.718    2010 - 2017
16,650    7.718    2010 - 2014
10,875    7.718    2011 - 2017
17,750    7.718    2010 - 2017
400,025    7.790    2003 - 2010
5,500    7.790    2004 - 2010
317,600    7.960    2004 - 2011
5,875    7.960    2005 - 2011

 

Number of ADRs

under option

   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
54,510    30.800    2006 - 2013
64,605    49.880    2007 - 2014
35,710    53.030    2005 - 2012
33,780    56.480    2004 - 2011
144,995    59.520    2008 - 2015
201,594    60.690    2009 - 2016
269,038    75.760    2010 - 2017

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Young & Rubicam Inc 1997 Incentive Compensation Plan

As of 31 December 2007, unexercised options over ordinary shares of 581,929 and unexercised options over ADRs of 479,920 have been granted under the Young & Rubicam Inc 1997 Incentive Compensation Plan as follows:


Number of ordinary

shares under option

   Exercise price
per share (£)
   Exercise dates
83,500    4.705    2000 - 2008
208,751    6.163    2000 - 2009
41,750    6.328    2000 - 2009
227,053    7.052    2000 - 2010
10,437    7.569    2000 - 2009
10,438    8.996    2000 - 2010
           

Number of ADRs

under option

   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
124,437    44.611    2000 - 2009
10,985    46.557    2000 - 2009
11,481    48.204    2000 - 2010
174,156    51.048    2000 - 2010
25,050    53.443    2000 - 2009
83,500    54.042    2000 - 2009
33,400    56.287    2000 - 2009
1,963    59.656    2000 - 2010
6,263    60.479    2000 - 2010
2,923    63.772    2000 - 2010
1,670    71.781    2000 - 2010
1,587    72.605    2000 - 2010
2,505    84.731    2000 - 2010

 

Tempus Group plc 1998 Long Term Incentive Plan

As at 31 December 2007, unexercised options over ordinary shares of 106,295 have been granted under the Tempus Group plc 1998 Long Term Incentive Plan as follows:


Number of ordinary

shares under option

   Exercise price
per share (£)
   Exercise dates
49,827    2.260    2001 - 2008
24,306    4.920    2001 - 2011
12,153    5.580    2001 - 2011
20,009    6.000    2001 - 2010

 

The Grey Global Group, Inc 1994 Stock Incentive Plan

As at 31 December 2007, unexercised options over ordinary shares of 54,365 and unexercised options over ADRs of 147,394 have been granted under the Grey Global Group, Inc 1994 Stock Incentive Plan as follows:


Number of ordinary
shares under option
   Exercise price
per share (£)
   Exercise dates
54,365    3.499    2007 - 2011
           
Number of ADRs
under option
   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
11,525    14.370    2005 - 2009
20,810    19.540    2005 - 2010
2,914    27.290    2005 - 2011
7,089    28.210    2006 - 2013
1,827    28.300    2005 - 2012
4,545    29.410    2005 - 2011
7,046    30.270    2007 - 2011
5,807    30.830    2005 - 2012
5,785    31.220    2005 - 2012
6,371    31.420    2005 - 2012
21,745    31.750    2008 - 2011

 

F-32


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Number of ADRs
under option
   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
6,264    31.940    2007 - 2011
10,874    33.500    2007 - 2011
21,745    34.120    2007 - 2011
13,047    36.110    2008 - 2010

 

24/7 Real Media, Inc 2002 Stock Incentive Plan

As at 31 December 2007, unexercised options over ADRs of 236,822 have been granted under the 24/7 Real Media, Inc 2002 Stock Incentive Plan as follows:


Number of ADRs

under option

   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
8    1.340    2007 - 2013
2,988    15.880    2007 - 2014
427    17.150    2007 - 2014
434    18.230    2007 - 2015
109    18.420    2007 - 2015
114    19.250    2007 - 2015
76    19.310    2007 - 2015
147    19.370    2007 - 2015
296    19.440    2007 - 2015
1,574    19.950    2007 - 2015
69    20.010    2007 - 2015
187    20.070    2007 - 2015
414    20.330    2007 - 2015
137    20.640    2007 - 2015
46    20.770    2007 - 2014
28    20.840    2007 - 2014
250    20.960    2007 - 2015
112    21.030    2007 - 2014
42    21.220    2007 - 2014
89    21.600    2007 - 2014
132    22.490    2007 - 2015
99    22.550    2007 - 2015
66    22.870    2007 - 2015
79    23.180    2007 - 2015
167    23.440    2007 - 2015
289    23.820    2007 - 2014
16    23.950    2007 - 2014
654    24.200    2007 - 2014
246    24.330    2007 - 2014
161    25.150    2007 - 2015
177    25.410    2007 - 2014
118    25.600    2007 - 2015
118    25.660    2007 - 2015
315    25.920    2007 - 2015
157    25.980    2007 - 2015
553    26.110    2007 - 2015
400    26.870    2007 - 2015
1,023    27.120    2007 - 2015
79,771    27.500    2007 - 2015
374    28.520    2007 - 2014
148    28.770    2007 - 2015
170    34.620    2007 - 2015
170    34.680    2007 - 2015
102    34.930    2007 - 2015
205    35.060    2007 - 2015

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Number of ADRs

under option

   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
629    37.730    2007 - 2015
92    37.850    2007 - 2015
89    38.870    2007 - 2015
114,820    40.650    2007 - 2015
110    41.470    2007 - 2015
2,017    44.710    2007 - 2015
533    45.290    2007 - 2016
594    45.410    2007 - 2016
143    45.730    2007 - 2015
341    46.050    2007 - 2016
1,903    46.170    2007 - 2015
190    46.300    2007 - 2015
69    46.620    2007 - 2016
157    46.750    2008 - 2017
95    47.000    2007 - 2015
393    48.270    2008 - 2017
345    48.330    2007 - 2016
597    48.590    2007 - 2016
157    48.650    2007 - 2016
235    48.970    2008 - 2017
143    49.100    2007 - 2015
157    49.540    2007 - 2016
115    49.600    2007 - 2016
314    49.670    2007 - 2016
89    50.490    2007 - 2016
785    50.680    2007 - 2016
393    50.750    2008 - 2017
78    51.000    2008 - 2017
236    51.130    2007 - 2016
550    51.380    2008 - 2017
156    52.400    2007 - 2016
234    52.590    2008 - 2017
99    52.910    2007 - 2016
157    53.030    2008 - 2017
70    53.410    2007 - 2016
157    53.480    2008 - 2017
78    53.670    2008 - 2017
701    53.790    2007 - 2016
314    54.110    2007 - 2016
1,258    54.240    2007 - 2016
974    54.560    2007 - 2016
158    54.680    2007 - 2016
157    54.870    2007 - 2016
393    55.130    2007 - 2016
1,022    55.260    2007 - 2016
78    55.380    2007 - 2016
115    55.450    2007 - 2016
157    55.570    2007 - 2016
179    55.640    2007 - 2016
472    55.760    2007 - 2016
105    55.890    2007 - 2016
549    56.270    2007 - 2016
392    56.340    2007 - 2016
148    56.650    2007 - 2016

 

F-33


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Number of ADRs

under option

   Exercise price
per ADR ($)
   Exercise dates
574    56.720    2007 - 2016
138    56.910    2007 - 2016
235    57.480    2008 - 2017
157    57.670    2007 - 2016
262    57.730    2007 - 2016
157    58.110    2007 - 2016
354    58.680    2007 - 2016
863    58.940    2007 - 2017
314    59.070    2007 - 2016
157    59.190    2007 - 2016
393    60.020    2007 - 2016
156    61.230    2008 - 2017
78    61.800    2008 - 2017
324    61.920    2007 - 2016
471    62.050    2007 - 2016
157    62.240    2008 - 2017
472    62.810    2008 - 2017
45    62.880    2007 - 2014
786    62.940    2008 - 2017
314    63.130    2008 - 2017
157    63.320    2008 - 2017
314    63.640    2008 - 2017
708    63.890    2008 - 2017
112    64.270    2007 - 2016
54    64.650    2007 - 2016
56    64.850    2007 - 2016
156    64.970    2007 - 2016
78    65.540    2007 - 2016
212    66.430    2007 - 2016
112    67.580    2007 - 2016
157    70.500    2008 - 2017
550    74.240    2008 - 2017

 

The aggregate status of the WPP Share Option Schemes during 2007 was as follows:

 

Movement on options granted (represented in ordinary shares)


    Outstanding   Exercisable
   

1

January
2007
number

  Granted
number
    Exercised
number
    Lapsed
number
    31
December
2007
number
  31
December
2007
number
WPP   37,198,388   76,206     (3,499,794 )   (2,042,924 )   31,731,876   30,641,052
WWOP   10,380,987   3,589,375     (1,682,202 )   (2,428,850 )   9,859,310   2,872,550
Y&R   4,823,489       (1,740,866 )   (101,094 )   2,981,529   2,981,529
Tempus   273,196           (166,901 )   106,295   106,295
Grey   1,376,015       (584,680 )       791,335   404,478
24/7     1,543,880 1   (305,620 )   (54,150 )   1,184,110   291,985
    54,052,075   5,209,461     (7,813,162 )   (4,793,919 )   46,654,455   37,297,889

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Note

1

 

Granted as consideration for acquisition of 24/7.

 

Weighted-average exercise price for options over:


    Outstanding   Exercisable
   

1

January
2007

  Granted   Exercised   Lapsed   31
December
2007
  31
December
2007
Ordinary shares (£)                    
WPP   5.298   6.956   3.844   5.805   5.454   5.431
WWOP   6.228   7.681   4.822   6.457   6.875   6.532
Y&R   5.658   n/a   4.321   6.845   6.389   6.389
Tempus   3.332   n/a   n/a   2.938   3.952   3.952
Grey   2.279   n/a   1.616   n/a   3.499   3.499
ADRs ($)                        
WPP   46.402   71.338   40.852   40.127   46.940   46.485
WWOP   54.042   75.760   48.002   62.245   62.109   46.144
Y&R   42.743   n/a   30.594   14.453   50.774   50.774
Grey   28.124   n/a   26.746   n/a   29.024   25.439
24/7   n/a   37.169   38.094   41.030   36.753   34.789

 

Options over ordinary shares


    Outstanding   Exercisable
   

Range of

exercise
prices

£

 

Weighted
average
exercise
price

£

 

Weighted
average
contractual
life

Months

 

Weighted
average
contractual
life

Months

 

Aggregate
intrinsic
value

£m

    2.260 - 10.770   5.906   84   85   12.5

 

Options over ADRs


    Outstanding   Exercisable
   

Range of

exercise
prices

$

 

Weighted
average
exercise
price

$

 

Weighted
average
contractual
life

Months

 

Weighted
average
contractual
life

Months

 

Aggregate
intrinsic
value

$m

    1.340 - 84.731   48.562   86   87   80.7

 

As at 31 December 2007 there was £7.7 million (2006: £12.7 million) of total unrecognised compensation cost related to share options. That cost is expected to be recognised over a weighted average period of 17 months (2006: 16 months).

 

Share options are satisfied out of newly issued shares.

 

The weighted average fair value of options granted in the year calculated using the Black-Scholes model, was as follows:


     2007     2006     2005  
Fair value of UK options (shares)    188.3 p   203.5 p   209.3 p
Fair value of US options (ADRs)    $17.85     $20.15     $18.42  
Weighted average assumptions:                   

UK Risk-free interest rate

   5.26%     4.72%     4.77%  

US Risk-free interest rate

   4.53%     4.47%     4.06%  

Expected life (months)

   48     48     48  

Expected volatility

   25%     35%     40%  

Dividend yield

   1.5%     1.7%     1.4%  

 

Options are issued at an exercise price equal to market value on the date of grant.

 

The weighted average share price of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2007 was £7.09 (2006: £6.58, 2005: £5.88) and the weighted average ADR price for the same period was $71.04 (2006: $60.60, 2005: $53.24).

 

Expected volatility is sourced from external market data and represents the historic volatility in the Group’s share price over a period equivalent to the expected option life.

 

Expected life is based on a review of historic exercise behaviour in the context of the contractual terms of the options, as described in more detail below.

 

F-34


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

26. Authorised and issued share capital (continued)

 

Terms of share option plans

The Worldwide Share Ownership Program is open for participation to employees with at least two years’ employment in the Group. It is not available to those participating in other share-based incentive programs or to executive directors. The vesting period for each grant is three years and there are no performance conditions other than continued employment with the Group.

 

The Executive Stock Option Plan has historically been open for participation to WPP Group Leaders, Partners and High Potential Group. It is not currently offered to parent company executive directors. The vesting period is three years and performance conditions include achievement of various TSR (Total Share Owner Return) and EPS (Earnings per Share) objectives, as well as continued employment. In 2005, the Group moved away from the issuance of stock options for Leaders, Partners and High Potential Group and has since largely made grants of restricted stock instead (note 22).

 

The Group grants stock options with a life of ten years, including the vesting period. The terms of stock options with performance conditions are such that if, after nine years and eight months, the performance conditions have not been met, then the stock option will vest automatically.

 

F-35


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


27. Equity Share Owner’s funds

 

Movements during the year were as follows:


     Ordinary
share
capital
£m
    Share
premium
account
£m
    Shares
to be
issued
£m
    Merger
reserve
£m
    Other
reserves
£m
    Own
Shares1
£m
    Retained
earnings
£m
     Total
£m
 
Balance at 1 January 2006    125.3     2.1     37.2     (1,388.1 )   167.3     (292.9 )   5,253.6      3,904.5  
Ordinary shares issued    2.1     72.9     (29.7 )   18.5     –       –       9.2 2    73.0  
Share issue/cancellation costs    –       (0.1 )   –       (0.4 )   –       –       (1.2 )    (1.7 )
Share cancellations    (3.3 )   –       –       –       3.3     –       (218.8 )    (218.8 )
Exchange adjustments on foreign currency net investments    –       –       –       –       (367.0 )   –       –        (367.0 )
Net profit for the year    –       –       –       –       –       –       435.8      435.8  
Dividends paid    –       –       –       –       –       –       (118.9 )    (118.9 )
Non-cash share-based incentive plans (including stock options)    –       –       –       –       –       –       70.9      70.9  
Tax benefit of share-based payments    –       –       –       –       –       –       32.3      32.3  
Net additions of own shares by ESOP Trusts    –       –       –       –       –       4.4     (43.3 )    (38.9 )
Actuarial gain on defined benefit pension schemes    –       –       –       –       –       –       26.0      26.0  
Deferred tax credit on defined benefit pension schemes    –       –       –       –       –       –       5.3      5.3  
Revaluation of other investments    –       –       –       –       9.5     –       –        9.5  
Recognition of financial instruments during the year    –       –       –       –       16.8     –       (1.9 )    14.9  
Balance at 31 December 2006    124.1     74.9     7.5     (1,370.0 )   (170.1 )   (288.5 )   5,449.0      3,826.9  
Ordinary shares issued in respect of acquisitions    0.1     2.2     5.7     –       –       –       –        8.0  
Other ordinary shares issued    0.7     29.5     (7.9 )   4.2     –       –       1.7 2    28.2  
Share issue/cancellation costs    –       (2.7 )   –       (0.1 )   –       –       –        (2.8 )
Share cancellations    (5.7 )   –       –       –       5.7     –       (402.7 )    (402.7 )
Exchange adjustments on foreign currency net investments    –       –       –       –       71.7     –       –        71.7  
Net profit for the year    –       –       –       –       –       –       465.9      465.9  
Dividends paid    –       –       –       –       –       –       (138.9 )    (138.9 )
Non-cash share-based incentive plans (including stock options)    –       –       –       –       –       –       62.4      62.4  
Tax benefit of share-based payments    –       –       –       –       –       –       0.9      0.9  
Net disposal of own shares by ESOP Trusts    –       –       –       –       –       45.9     (45.9 )    –    
Shares purchased into treasury    –       –       –       –       –       (12.7 )   –        (12.7 )
Actuarial gain on defined benefit pension schemes    –       –       –       –       –       –       27.0      27.0  
Deferred tax charge on defined benefit pension schemes    –       –       –       –       –       –       (9.9 )    (9.9 )
Revaluation of other investments    –       –       –       –       108.1     –       –        108.1  
Share purchases – close period commitments3    –       –       –       –       (64.8 )   –       –        (64.8 )
Recognition of financial instruments during the year    –       –       –       –       3.4     –       3.9      7.3  
Reclassification of equity component of convertible bond redeemed during the year    –       –       –       –       (68.7 )   –       68.7      –    
Other movements    –       –       –       –       (0.2 )   –       –        (0.2 )
Balance at 31 December 2007    119.2     103.9     5.3     (1,365.9 )   (114.9 )   (255.3 )   5,482.1      3,974.4  
    Notes

1

 

The Company’s holdings of own shares are stated at cost and represent shares held in treasury and purchases by the Employee Share Ownership Plan (‘ESOP’) trusts of shares in WPP Group plc for the purpose of funding certain of the Group’s share-based incentive plans.

    The trustees of the ESOP purchase the Company’s ordinary shares in the open market using funds provided by the Company. The Company also has an obligation to make regular contributions to the ESOP to enable it to meet its administrative costs. The number and market value of the ordinary shares of the Company held by the ESOP at 31 December 2007 was 43,889,384 (2006: 51,134,155), and £284.0 million (2006: £353.1 million) respectively. The number and market value of ordinary shares held in treasury at 31 December 2007 was 2,000,000 (2006: nil) and £12.9 million (2006: £nil) respectively.

2

 

Represents the difference between the legal share capital and premium, recorded on the issue of new shares to satisfy option exercises, and the cash proceeds received on exercise.

3

 

During the year, the Company entered into an arrangement with its broker to conduct share buybacks on the Company’s behalf in the close period commencing on 2 January 2008 and ending on 28 February 2008, in accordance with UK listing rules. Under IAS 39, the commitment resulting from this agreement constitutes a financial liability at 31 December 2007 which must be recognised at fair value at that date. This liability is included in Trade and other payables: amounts falling due within one year and has been recognised as a movement in equity.

 

F-36


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

27. Equity Share Owner’s funds (continued)

 

Other reserves comprise the following:


    Equity
reserve
£m
   

Revaluation
reserve

£m

 

Capital

redemption

reserve

£m

 

Translation

reserve
£m

   

Total

other

reserves

£m

 

Balance at 1 January 2006

  (16.4 )   21.0   0.5   162.2     167.3  
Share cancellations         3.3       3.3  
Exchange adjustments on foreign currency net investments           (367.0 )   (367.0 )
Revaluation of other investments       9.5         9.5  
Recognition of financial instruments during the year   16.8             16.8  

Balance at 31 December 2006

  0.4     30.5   3.8   (204.8 )   (170.1 )
Share cancellations         5.7       5.7  
Exchange adjustments on foreign currency net           71.7     71.7  
Revaluation of other investments       108.1         108.1  
Recognition of financial instruments during the year   3.4             3.4  
Share purchases – close period commitments   (64.8 )           (64.8 )
Reclassification of equity component of convertible bond redeemed during the year   (68.7 )           (68.7 )
Other movements   (0.2 )           (0.2 )

Balance at 31 December 2007

  (129.9 )   138.6   9.5   (133.1 )   (114.9 )

 

Reconciliation of movements in consolidated equity share owners’ funds for the year ended 31 December 2007:


     2007
£m
    2006
£m
    2005
£m
 
Net profit for the year    465.9     435.8     363.9  
Dividends paid    (138.9 )   (118.9 )   (100.2 )
     327.0     316.9     263.7  
Non-cash share-based incentive plans (including stock options)    62.4     70.9     68.6  
Tax benefit of share-based payments    0.9     32.3     12.9  
Exchange adjustments on foreign currency net investments    71.7     (367.0 )   266.1  
Ordinary shares issued in respect of acquisitions    8.0         506.4  
Share issue/cancellation costs    (2.8 )   (1.7 )   (3.6 )
Other ordinary shares issued    28.2     73.0     18.3  
Share cancellations    (402.7 )   (218.8 )   (123.3 )
Shares purchased into treasury    (12.7 )        
Actuarial gain/(loss) on defined benefit pension schemes    27.0     26.0     (16.5 )
Deferred tax (charge)/credit on defined benefit pension schemes    (9.9 )   5.3     3.6  
Net additions of own shares by ESOP Trusts        (38.9 )   (29.0 )
Transfer to goodwill            (5.1 )
Revaluation of other investments    108.1     9.5     21.0  
Shares repurchases – close period commitments    (64.8 )        
Recognition of financial instruments during the year    7.3     14.9     (27.6 )
Other movements    (0.2 )        
Net additions/(reductions) to equity share owners’ funds    147.5     (77.6 )   955.5  
Opening equity share owners’ funds    3,826.9     3,904.5     2,949.0  
Closing equity share owners’ funds    3,974.4     3,826.9     3,904.5  

 

F-37


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


28. Acquisitions

 

The Group accounts for acquisitions in accordance with IFRS 3 ‘Business Combinations’. IFRS 3 requires the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities (other than non-current assets or disposal groups held for sale) to be recognised at fair value at acquisition date. In assessing fair value at acquisition date, management make their best estimate of the likely outcome where the fair value of an asset or liability may be contingent on a future event. In certain instances, the underlying transaction giving rise to an estimate may not be resolved until some years after the acquisition date. IFRS 3 requires the release to profit of any acquisition reserves which subsequently become excess in the same way as any excess costs over those provided at acquisition date are charged to profit. At each period end management assess provisions and other balances established in respect of acquisitions for their continued probability of occurrence and amend the relevant value accordingly through the income statement or as an adjustment to goodwill as appropriate under IFRS 3.

 

The fair value adjustments for certain acquisitions included in the following tables have been determined provisionally at the balance sheet date.

 

Acquisition of 24/7 Real Media, Inc

On 2 July 2007 the Company finalised its acquisition of 100% of the issued share capital of 24/7 Real Media, Inc (“24/7”). The following table sets out the book values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired and their fair value to the Group.


    Book
value at
acquisition
£m
    Fair value
adjustments1
£m
    Fair value
to Group
£m
 
Intangible assets   5.2     50.2     55.4  
Property, plant and equipment   5.2         5.2  
Interests in associates and other investments   3.3         3.3  
Current assets   80.0         80.0  
Total assets   93.7     50.2     143.9  
Current liabilities   (31.8 )   (5.0 )   (36.8 )
Bonds and bank loans   (7.5 )       (7.5 )
Trade and other payables due after one year   (18.4 )       (18.4 )
Deferred taxes       (19.3 )   (19.3 )
Provisions       (2.5 )   (2.5 )
Total liabilities   (57.7 )   (26.8 )   (84.5 )
Net assets   36.0     23.4     59.4  
Goodwill               270.7  
Consideration               330.1  
Consideration satisfied by:                  
Cash               316.5  
Debt redemption premium               3.4  
Shares to be issued               5.7  
Capitalised acquisition costs               4.5  

 

Note

1

 

Fair value adjustments comprise adjustments to bring the book value of the assets and liabilities of 24/7 to fair value, principally through the recognition of intangible assets (comprising customer relationships, proprietary tools and brands) and related deferred tax liabilities.

 

Net cash (outflows)/inflows in respect of 24/7 comprised:


     £m  
Cash consideration    (316.5 )
Cash at bank and in hand acquired    34.5  
Debt redemption premium    (3.4 )
Acquisition costs    (4.5 )
     (289.9 )

 

The post-acquisition contribution of 24/7 to the Group’s revenue and operating profit was not material.

 

 

28. Acquisitions (continued)

 

Other acquisitions

The Group acquired a number of other subsidiaries in the year. The following table sets out the book values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired and their fair value to the Group.


     Book
value at
acquisition
£m
    Fair value
adjustments
£m
    Fair value
to Group
£m
 
Intangible assets    2.4     36.2     38.6  
Property, plant and equipment    7.0     (0.4 )   6.6  
Current assets    124.9     (1.7 )   123.2  
Total assets    134.3     34.1     168.4  
Current liabilities    (94.1 )   (9.8 )   (103.9 )
Trade and other payables due after one year    (6.3 )   (6.2 )   (12.5 )
Deferred taxes    (0.2 )   (5.9 )   (6.1 )
Provisions    (2.0 )   (1.3 )   (3.3 )
Total liabilities    (102.6 )   (23.2 )   (125.8 )
Net assets    31.7     10.9     42.6  
Minority interest                (6.6 )
Goodwill                239.9  
Consideration                275.9  
Consideration satisfied by:                   
Cash                173.1  
Shares issued                2.3  
Payments due to vendors                98.5  
Capitalised acquisition costs                2.0  

 

In aggregate, acquisitions completed in 2007 (including 24/7) contributed £132.2 million to revenues, £14.7 million to operating profit and £24.7 million to headline PBIT. There were no material acquisitions completed between 31 December 2007 and the date the financial statements have been authorised for issue.

 

If all acquisitions had been completed on the first day of the financial year, Group revenues for the period would have been £6,442.8 million, operating profit would have been £818.4 million and Headline PBIT would have been £955.6 million.

 


29. Principal subsidiary undertakings

 

The principal subsidiary undertakings of the Group are:


    Country of Incorporation
Grey Global Group, Inc   US
J. Walter Thompson Company, Inc   US
GroupM Worldwide, Inc   US
The Ogilvy Group, Inc   US
Young & Rubicam, Inc   US

 

All of these subsidiaries are operating companies and are 100% owned by the Group.

 

A more detailed listing of the operating subsidiary undertakings is given in Item 4. The Company directly or indirectly holds controlling interests in the issued share capital of these undertakings with the exception of those specifically identified.

 

Advantage has been taken of Section 231(5) of the Companies Act 1985 to list only those undertakings required by that provision, as an exhaustive list would involve a statement of excessive length. A full listing of the Company’s subsidiary undertakings is included in the Company’s Annual Return.

 

F-38


Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

 


30. Related party transactions

 

From time to time the Group enters into transactions with its associate undertakings. These transactions were not material for any of the years presented.

 

In the year ended 31 December 2007, the Group paid costs of £0.5 million (2006: £0.3 million) in connection with an action for the misuse of private information and an action for libel, in which Sir Martin Sorrell was a claimant. These costs were authorised by the Board as an integral part of broader legal actions, some of which are ongoing, to protect the commercial interests of the Group. The total amount incurred of £0.8 million was disclosed in the 2006 Annual Report and has not increased.

 


31. Reconciliation of profit before interest and taxation to Headline PBIT

 


    

2007

£m

   

2006

£m

   

2005

£m

 
Profit before interest and taxation    846.1     782.7     686.7  
Gains on disposal of investments    (3.4 )   (7.3 )   (4.3 )
Goodwill impairment    44.1     35.5     46.0  
Goodwill write-down relating to utilisation of pre-acquisition tax losses    1.7     8.8     1.1  
Amortisation and impairment of acquired intangible assets    40.3     43.3     25.3  
Share of exceptional gains of associates    (0.8 )   (4.0 )    
Headline PBIT    928.0     859.0     754.8  

 


32. Subsequent Event

 

In May 2008 the Group issued 750 million of 6.625% bonds due in 2016.

 

F-39


 

Condensed consolidating financial information

 

Grey, WPP Finance (UK) and WPP Finance (USA) Corporation are issuers of certain securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933. These securities are guaranteed by WPP Group plc and WPP 2005 Limited and, in the case of WPP Finance (UK), also by Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings. As a result, Grey, WPP Finance (UK), WPP Finance (USA) Corporation, Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings, WPP Group plc and WPP 2005 Limited are each subject to the reporting requirements under section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Accordingly, condensed consolidating financial information containing financial information for each subsidiary issuer is presented beginning on page F-41. In October 2005, the company originally named WPP Group plc and now known as WPP 2005 Limited, completed a reorganisation of its capital and corporate structure pursuant to Section 425 of the Companies Act of 1985, resulting in the formation of WPP Group plc as the new parent company of WPP 2005 Limited.

 

On 19 December 2006, Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings purchased Wunderman Worldwide, LLC (“Wunderman”), Landor, LLC (“Landor”) and Commonhealth LLC (“Commonhealth”) from a fellow subsidiary undertaking, WPP Finance (UK) and also on this date became a co-guarantor to WPP Finance (UK)’s registered security. The condensed consolidating financial information with respect to the co-guarantor, Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings, and with respect to the issuer, WPP Finance (UK), gives effect to the purchase of Wunderman, Landor and Commonhealth as if the transaction had occurred as of 1 January 2004.

 

In the event that Grey or WPP Finance (USA) Corporation fails to pay the holders of the securities, thereby requiring WPP Group plc or WPP 2005 Limited to make payment pursuant to the terms of its full and unconditional guarantee of those securities, there is no impediment to WPP Group plc or WPP 2005 Limited obtaining reimbursement for any such payments from Grey or WPP Finance (USA) Corporation. Similarly, in the event that WPP Finance (UK) fails to pay the holders of the securities, thereby requiring WPP Group plc, WPP 2005 Limited or Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings to make payment pursuant to the terms of its full and unconditional guarantee of those securities, there is no impediment to WPP Group plc, WPP 2005 Limited or Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings obtaining reimbursement for any such payments from WPP Finance (UK).

 

Guarantor Structure Change

 

On November 19, 2008, WPP completed a reorganization of its corporate structure through a scheme of arrangement, which we refer to as the “Scheme”, pursuant to Part 26 of the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom. As a result of the Scheme, WPP plc, a company incorporated under the laws of Jersey, became the new parent company of the WPP group and its subsidiaries. In the Scheme, all of the outstanding ordinary shares of WPP were cancelled, WPP issued new ordinary shares to WPP plc so that WPP is now an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of WPP plc, and holders of WPP ordinary shares received one WPP plc ordinary share for each WPP ordinary share cancelled under the Scheme. WPP was renamed WPP 2008 Limited.

 

In connection with the Scheme, subsidiaries of WPP transferred the equity interests of an entity holding substantially all of WPP’s assets outside the United Kingdom to WPP Air UK, a general partnership organized under the laws of England and Wales (“Asset Conveyance”). The two partners of WPP Air UK are WPP Air 1 Limited, a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of WPP plc, and WPP Air 3 Limited, a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of WPP Air 1 Limited. Both partners are newly-formed Irish limited companies.

 

Because the Asset Conveyance may have involved the transfer of “substantially all” of the assets of WPP and certain of the guarantors of the bonds issued by WPP Finance (UK), in accordance with the terms of an indenture of the bonds, WPP Air UK became a guarantor of the bonds pursuant to a supplemental indenture, without releasing WPP or any of the other guarantors of the bonds from their guarantee obligations. No consent of any holder of any of the bonds issued by WPP Finance (UK) was required for the Scheme or the Asset Conveyance to be effective or to enter into this supplemental indenture. Each of WPP Air 3 Limited and WPP Air 1 Limited was newly-formed in connection with the Scheme and neither has conducted any activities other than holding its partnership interest in, and serving as a general partner of, WPP Air UK.

 

F-40


 

The bonds issued by WPP Finance (UK) were originally guaranteed by WPP, WPP 2005 Limited and Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings, and are now guaranteed by WPP, WPP 2005 Limited, Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings and WPP Air UK. These events do not have a significant impact on the columns presented in the condensed consolidating financial information except that WPP Group plc is now called WPP 2008 Limited and is a subsidiary guarantor rather than a parent guarantor.

 

These events do not impact the condensed consolidating financial information with respect to Grey and WPP Finance (USA) Corporation bonds as the related debt has been repaid prior to the guarantor structure change and is no longer outstanding.

 

F-41


 

The condensed consolidating financial information with respect to the bonds issued by WPP Finance (UK) presented below gives effect to the purchase of Wunderman, Landor and Commonhealth by Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of WPP Group plc, as if the transaction had occurred as of 1 January 2004.

Condensed consolidating income statement information

 

For the year ended 31 December 2007, £m

 

   

WPP

Group

plc1

   

Subsidiary

Guarantors2

    WPP
Finance
(UK)
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group
plc
 

Revenue

  —       —       —       6,185.9     —       6,185.9  

Direct costs

  —       —       —       (335.5 )   —       (335.5 )

Gross profit

  —       —       —       5,850.4     —       5,850.4  

Operating costs

  5.9     (58.5 )   (4.6 )   (4,988.5 )   —       (5,045.7 )

Operating profit/(loss)

  5.9     (58.5 )   (4.6 )   861.9     —       804.7  

Share of results of subsidiaries

  504.3     696.6     —       —       (1,200.9 )   —    

Share of results of associates

  —       —       —       41.4     —       41.4  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

  510.2     638.1     (4.6 )   903.3     (1,200.9 )   846.1  

Finance income

  53.0     54.3     17.2     14.9     —       139.4  

Finance costs

  (97.3 )   (188.1 )   (20.0 )   39.3     —       (266.1 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

  465.9     504.3     (7.4 )   957.5     (1,200.9 )   719.4  

Taxation

  —       —       —       (204.3 )   —       (204.3 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

  465.9     504.3     (7.4 )   753.2     (1,200.9 )   515.1  

Attributable to:

                                   

Equity holders of the parent

  465.9     504.3     (7.4 )   704.0     (1,200.9 )   465.9  

Minority interests

  —       —       —       49.2     —       49.2  

Profit/(loss) for the year

  465.9     504.3     (7.4 )   753.2     (1,200.9 )   515.1  

 

For the year ended 31 December 2006, £m

 

 

Revenue

  —       —       —       5,907.8     —       5,907.8  

Direct costs

  —       —       —       (296.8 )   —       (296.8 )

Gross profit

  —       —       —       5,611.0     —       5,611.0  

Operating costs

  (7.8 )   (60.4 )   (9.9 )   (4,791.3 )   —       (4,869.4 )

Operating profit/(loss)

  (7.8 )   (60.4 )   (9.9 )   819.7     —       741.6  

Share of results of subsidiaries

  443.6     615.4     —       —       (1,059.0 )   —    

Share of results of associates

  —       —       —       41.1     —       41.1  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

  435.8     555.0     (9.9 )   860.8     (1,059.0 )   782.7  

Finance income

  —       59.7     0.6     50.7     —       111.0  

Finance costs

  —       (162.9 )   (24.2 )   (24.6 )   —       (211.7 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

  435.8     451.8     (33.5 )   886.9     (1,059.0 )   682.0  

Taxation

  —       (8.2 )   —       (191.2 )   —       (199.4 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

  435.8     443.6     (33.5 )   695.7     (1,059.0 )   482.6  

Attributable to:

                                   

Equity holders of the parent

  435.8     443.6     (33.5 )   648.9     (1,059.0 )   435.8  

Minority interests

  —       —       —       46.8     —       46.8  

Profit/(loss) for the year

  435.8     443.6     (33.5 )   695.7     (1,059.0 )   482.6  

 

For the year ended 31 December 2005, £m

 

 

Revenue

  —       —       —       5,373.7     —       5,373.7  

Direct costs

  —       —       —       (241.0 )   —       (241.0 )

Gross profit

  —       —       —       5,132.7     —       5,132.7  

Operating costs

  (3.4 )   (35.6 )   (4.9 )   (4,436.0 )   —       (4,479.9 )

Operating profit/(loss)

  (3.4 )   (35.6 )   (4.9 )   696.7     —       652.8  

Share of results of subsidiaries

  367.3     441.3     —       —       (808.6 )   —    

Share of results of associates

  —       —       —       33.9     —       33.9  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

  363.9     405.7     (4.9 )   730.6     (808.6 )   686.7  

Finance income

  —       44.3     —       43.3     —       87.6  

Finance costs

  —       (82.7 )   (20.3 )   (79.3 )   —       (182.3 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

  363.9     367.3     (25.2 )   694.6     (808.6 )   592.0  

Taxation

  —       —       —       (194.0 )   —       (194.0 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

  363.9     367.3     (25.2 )   500.6     (808.6 )   398.0  

Attributable to:

                                   

Equity holders of the parent

  363.9     367.3     (25.2 )   466.5     (808.6 )   363.9  

Minority interests

  —       —       —       34.1     —       34.1  

Profit/(loss) for the year

  363.9     367.3     (25.2 )   500.6     (808.6 )   398.0  

 

Note

 

1

 

Now known as WPP 2008 Limited and a subsidiary guarantor.

 

2

 

Includes WPP 2005 Limited and Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings.

 

F-42


 

Condensed consolidating cash flow statement information

 

For the year ended 31 December 2007, £m

 

    

WPP
Group

plc1

   

Subsidiary
Guarantors2

   

WPP

Finance(UK)

    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
   

Consolidated

WPP Group plc

 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

   345.8     278.1     (7.4 )   275.6     (0.8 )   891.3  

Investing activities

                                    

Acquisitions and disposals

   —       —       —       (674.8 )   —       (674.8 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

   —       (3.5 )   —       (147.6 )   —       (151.1 )

Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

   —       —       —       (19.7 )   —       (19.7 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   —       —       —       8.3     —       8.3  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

   —       (3.5 )   —       (833.8 )   —       (837.3 )

Financing activities

                                    

Share option proceeds

   —       34.8     —       —       —       34.8  

Share repurchases and buybacks

   (415.4 )   —       —       —       —       (415.4 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

   400.0     (450.0 )   0.5     548.4     —       498.9  

Financing and share issue costs

   (5.0 )   —       —       (3.3 )   —       (8.3 )

Equity dividends paid

   (139.7 )   —       —       —       0.8     (138.9 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

   —       —       —       (38.9 )   —       (38.9 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

   (160.1 )   (415.2 )   0.5     506.2     0.8     (67.8 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   185.7     (140.6 )   (6.9 )   (52.0 )   —       (13.8 )

Translation differences

   22.8     —       (4.0 )   100.4     —       119.2  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

   (764.4 )   (1,686.5 )   332.7     3,075.1     —       956.9  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   (555.9 )   (1,827.1 )   321.8     3,123.5     —       1,062.3  
For the year ended 31 December 2006, £m              

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

   (794.7 )   (413.5 )   67.5     1,802.1     —       661.4  

Investing activities

                                    

Acquisitions and disposals

   —       (303.8 )   264.4     (176.2 )   —       (215.6 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

   —       (5.1 )   —       (162.7 )   —       (167.8 )

Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

   —       —       —       (16.7 )   —       (16.7 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   —       —       —       22.4     —       22.4  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

   —       (308.9 )   264.4     (333.2 )   —       (377.7 )

Financing activities

                                    

Share option proceeds

   —       70.9     —       —       —       70.9  

Share repurchases and buybacks

   (218.8 )   —       —       (38.9 )   —       (257.7 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

   403.9     (6.2 )   —       (15.6 )   —       382.1  

Financing and share issue costs

   (2.0 )   —       —       (1.7 )   —       (3.7 )

Equity dividends paid

   (118.9 )   —       —       —       —       (118.9 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

   —       —       —       (28.8 )   —       (28.8 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

   64.2     64.7     —       (85.0 )   —       43.9  

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (730.5 )   (657.7 )   331.9     1,383.9     —       327.6  

Translation differences

   —       —       —       (50.3 )   —       (50.3 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

   (33.9 )   (1,028.8 )   0.8     1,741.5     —       679.6  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   (764.4 )   (1,686.5 )   332.7     3,075.1     —       956.9  

 

1

 

Now known as WPP 2008 Limited and a subsidiary guarantor.

 

2

 

Includes WPP 2005 Limited and Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings.

 

F-43


Condensed consolidating cash flow statement information (continued)

 

For the year ended 31 December 2005, £m

 

   

WPP
Group

plc1

    Subsidiary
guarantors2
   

WPP

Finance
(UK)

  Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
   

Consolidated

WPP Group plc

 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

  (9.3 )   (139.9 )   0.8   1,091.1     (105.2 )   837.5  

Investing activities

                                 

Acquisitions and disposals

  —       (231.2 )   —     (276.5 )   —       (507.7 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

  —       (1.8 )   —     (158.7 )   —       (160.5 )

Purchase of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

  —       —       —     (10.8 )   —       (10.8 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

  —       —       —     6.7     —       6.7  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

  —       (233.0 )   —     (439.3 )   —       (672.3 )

Financing activities

                                 

Share option proceeds

  2.1     18.2     —     —       —       20.3  

Share repurchases and buybacks

  (26.7 )   (96.6 )   —     (29.0 )   —       (152.3 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

  —       —       —     (595.2 )   —       (595.2 )

Financing and share issue costs

  —       (2.2 )   —     —       —       (2.2 )

Equity dividends paid

  —       (100.2 )   —     (105.2 )   105.2     (100.2 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

  —       —       —     (24.0 )   —       (24.0 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

  (24.6 )   (180.8 )   —     (753.4 )   105.2     (853.6 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  (33.9 )   (553.7 )   0.8   (101.6 )   —       (688.4 )

Translation differences

  —       —       —     85.0     —       85.0  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

  —       (475.1 )   —     1,758.1     —       1,283.0  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  (33.9 )   (1,028.8 )   0.8   1,741.5     —       679.6  

 

1

 

Now known as WPP 2008 Limited and a subsidiary guarantor.

 

2

 

includes WPP 2005 Limited and Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings.

 

F-44


 

Condensed consolidating balance sheet information

 

At 31 December 2007, £m

 

   

WPP
Group

PLC1

   

Subsidiary
guarantors2

    WPP
Finance
(UK)
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group plc
 

Non-current assets

                                   

Intangible assets:

                                   

    Goodwill

  —       —       —       6,071.7     —       6,071.7  

    Other

  —       —       —       1,154.6     —       1,154.6  

Property, plant and equipment

  —       8.8     —       440.8     —       449.6  

Investment in subsidiaries

  5,009.2     7,749.2     —       —       (12,758.4 )   —    

Interests in associates

  —       —       —       540.1     —       540.1  

Other investments

  —       —       —       268.6     —       268.6  

Deferred tax assets

  —       —       —       56.0     —       56.0  

Trade and other receivables

  22.8     6.3     —       120.2     —       149.3  
    5,032.0     7,764.3     —       8,652.0     (12,758.4 )   8,689.9  

Current assets

                                   

Inventory and work in progress

  —       —       —       343.9     —       343.9  

Corporate income tax recoverable

  —       —       —       37.2     —       37.2  

Trade and other receivables

  1.0     42.6     4.7     6,092.5     —       6,140.8  

Cash and short-term deposits

  0.4     1.2     340.3     4,082.8     (2,384.5 )   2,040.2  
    1.4     43.8     345.0     10,556.4     (2,384.5 )   8,562.1  

Current Liabilities

                                   

Trade and other payables

  (88.1 )   (56.8 )   (0.9 )   (8,103.1 )   —       (8,248.9 )

Corporate income tax payable

  —       —       —       (70.0 )   —       (70.0 )

Bank overdrafts and loans

  (556.2 )   (2,276.2 )   (18.5 )   (1,119.5 )   2,384.5     (1,585.9 )
    (644.3 )   (2,333.0 )   (19.4 )   (9,292.6 )   2,384.5     (9,904.8 )

Net current assets (liabilities)

  (642.9 )   (2,289.2 )   325.6     1,263.8     —       (1,342.7 )

Total assets less current liabilities

  4,389.1     5,475.1     325.6     9,915.8     (12,758.4 )   7,347.2  

Non-current liabilities

                                   

Bonds and bank loans

  (825.8 )   —       (328.7 )   (585.5 )   —       (1,740.0 )

Trade and other payables

  (13.7 )   (64.8 )   —       (381.9 )   —       (460.4 )

Corporate income tax liability

  —       —       —       (336.2 )   —       (336.2 )

Deferred tax liabilities

  —       —       —       (464.0 )   —       (464.0 )

Provisions for post-employment benefits

  —       —       —       (135.0 )   —       (135.0 )

Provisions for liabilities and charges

  —       —       —       (116.8 )   —       (116.8 )
    (839.5 )   (64.8 )   (328.7 )   (2,019.4 )   —       (3,252.4 )

Net intercompany receivable/(payable)

  424.8     (401.1 )   (0.5 )   (23.2 )   —       —    

Net assets

  3,974.4     5,009.2     (3.6 )   7,873.2     (12,758.4 )   4,094.8  

Attributable to:

                                   

Minority interests

  —       —       —       120.4     —       120.4  

Equity share owners’ funds

  3,974.4     5,009.2     (3.6 )   7,752.8     (12,758.4 )   3,974.4  

Total equity

  3,974.4     5,009.2     (3.6 )   7,873.2     (12,758.4 )   4,094.8  

 

Note

1

 

Now known as WPP 2008 Limited and a subsidiary guarantor.

2

 

Includes WPP 2005 Limited and Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings.

 

F-45


Condensed consolidating balance sheet information (continued)

 

At 31 December 2006, £m

 

     WPP
Group
PLC1
  

Subsidiary

guarantors2

   WPP
Finance
(UK)
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group plc
 

Non-current assets

                                  

Intangible assets:

                                  

Goodwill

   —      —      —       5,434.5     —       5,434.5  

Other

   —      —      —       1,115.4     —       1,115.4  

Property, plant and equipment

   —      7.6    —       407.7     —       415.3  

Investment in subsidiaries

   4,203.0    6,784.8    —       —       (10,987.8 )   —    

Interests in associates

   —      —      —       411.4     —       411.4  

Other investments

   —      —      —       136.5     —       136.5  

Deferred tax assets

   —      —      —       108.9     —       108.9  

Trade and other receivables

   —      24.8    —       85.5     —       110.3  
     4,203.0    6,817.2    —       7,699.9     (10,987.8 )   7,732.3  

Current assets

                                  

Inventory and work in progress

   —      —      —       341.5     —       341.5  

Corporate income tax recoverable

   —      —      —       26.5     —       26.5  

Trade and other receivables

   1.3    45.2    4.5     4,880.9     —       4,931.9  

Cash and short-term deposits

   —      2.0    332.7     3,495.7     (2,166.7 )   1,663.7  
     1.3    47.2    337.2     8,744.6     (2,166.7 )   6,963.6  

Current Liabilities

                                  

Trade and other payables

   (6.7)    (56.6)    (0.9 )   (6,719.6 )   —       (6,783.8 )

Corporate income tax payable

   —      —      —       (39.6 )   —       (39.6 )

Bank overdrafts and loans

   (764.4)    (2,166.7)    —       (496.2 )   2,166.7     (1,260.6 )
     (771.1)    (2,223.3)    (0.9 )   (7,255.4 )   2,166.7     (8,084.0 )

Net current assets (liabilities)

   (769.8)    (2,176.1)    336.3     1,489.2     —       (1,120.4 )

Total assets less current liabilities

   3,433.2    4,641.1    336.3     9,189.1     (10,987.8 )   6,611.9  

Non-current liabilities

                                  

Bonds and bank loans

   (402.3)    (447.9)    (325.4 )   (42.1 )   —       (1,217.7 )

Trade and other payables

   —      (12.2)    —       (319.7 )   —       (331.9 )

Corporate income tax liability

   —      —      —       (383.7 )   —       (383.7 )

Deferred tax liabilities

   —      (1.4)    —       (466.4 )   —       (467.8 )

Provisions for post-employment benefits

   —      —      —       (187.6 )   —       (187.6 )

Provisions for liabilities and charges

   —      —      —       (104.8 )   —       (104.8 )
     (402.3)    (461.5)    (325.4 )   (1,504.3 )   —       (2,693.5 )

Net intercompany receivable/(payable)

   796.0    23.4    —       (819.4 )   —       —    

Net assets

   3,826.9    4,203.0    10.9     6,865.4     (10,987.8 )   3,918.4  

Attributable to:

                                  

Minority interests

   —      —      —       91.5     —       91.5  

Equity share owners’ funds

   3,826.9    4,203.0    10.9     6,773.9     (10,987.8 )   3,826.9  

Total equity

   3,826.9    4,203.0    10.9     6,865.4     (10,987.8 )   3,918.4  

 

1

 

Now known as WPP 2008 Limited and a subsidiary guarantor.

 

2

 

Includes WPP 2005 Limited and Young & Rubicam Brands US Holdings.

 

F-46


 

The condensed consolidating financial information with respect to subsidiary issuer Grey is presented below. On 7 March 2005, the Company completed its acquisition of Grey Global Group Inc. Accordingly, the results of Grey from that date are included in the condensed consolidating financial information below.

 

Condensed consolidating income statement information

 

For the year ended 31 December 2007, £m

 

    

WPP

Group

plc

   

WPP

2005 Ltd

   

Grey
Global
Group

Inc

    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group
plc
 

Revenue

   —       —       78.8     6,107.1     —       6,185.9  

Direct costs

   —       —       —       (335.5 )   —       (335.5 )

Gross profit

   —       —       78.8     5,771.6     —       5,850.4  

Operating costs

   5.9     (58.5 )   (80.0 )   (4,913.1 )   —       (5,045.7 )

Operating profit/(loss)

   5.9     (58.5 )   (1.2 )   858.5     —       804.7  

Share of results of subsidiaries

   504.3     696.6     90.0     —       (1,290.9 )   —    

Share of results of associates

   —       —       0.2     41.2     —       41.4  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

   510.2     638.1     89.0     899.7     (1,290.9 )   846.1  

Finance income

   53.0     54.3     10.6     21.5     —       139.4  

Finance costs

   (97.3 )   (188.1 )   (39.2 )   58.5     —       (266.1 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

   465.9     504.3     60.4     979.7     (1,290.9 )   719.4  

Taxation

   —       —       (4.5 )   (199.8 )   —       (204.3 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

   465.9     504.3     55.9     779.9     (1,290.9 )   515.1  

Attributable to:

                                    

Equity holders of the parent

   465.9     504.3     55.9     730.7     (1,290.9 )   465.9  

Minority interests

   —       —       —       49.2     —       49.2  

Profit/(loss) for the year

   465.9     504.3     55.9     779.9     (1,290.9 )   515.1  

 

For the year ended 31 December 2006, £m

 

 

Revenue

   —       —       85.4     5,822.4     —       5,907.8  

Direct costs

   —       —       —       (296.8 )   —       (296.8 )

Gross profit

   —       —       85.4     5,525.6     —       5,611.0  

Operating costs

   (7.8 )   (60.4 )   (57.9 )   (4,743.3 )   —       (4,869.4 )

Operating profit/(loss)

   (7.8 )   (60.4 )   27.5     782.3     —       741.6  

Share of results of subsidiaries

   443.6     615.4     45.7     —       (1,104.7 )   —    

Share of results of associates

   —       —       0.2     40.9     —       41.1  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

   435.8     555.0     73.4     823.2     (1,104.7 )   782.7  

Finance income

   —       59.7     4.3     47.0     —       111.0  

Finance costs

   —       (162.9 )   (40.5 )   (8.3 )   —       (211.7 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

   435.8     451.8     37.2     861.9     (1,104.7 )   682.0  

Taxation

   —       (8.2 )   (5.8 )   (185.4 )   —       (199.4 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

   435.8     443.6     31.4     676.5     (1,104.7 )   482.6  

Attributable to:

                                    

Equity holders of the parent

   435.8     443.6     31.4     629.7     (1,104.7 )   435.8  

Minority interests

   —       —       —       46.8     —       46.8  

Profit/(loss) for the year

   435.8     443.6     31.4     676.5     (1,104.7 )   482.6  

 

For the year ended 31 December 2005, £m

 

 

Revenue

   —       —       79.9     5,293.8     —       5,373.7  

Direct costs

   —       —       —       (241.0 )   —       (241.0 )

Gross profit

   —       —       79.9     5,052.8     —       5,132.7  

Operating costs

   (3.4 )   (35.6 )   (76.3 )   (4,364.6 )   —       (4,479.9 )

Operating profit/(loss)

   (3.4 )   (35.6 )   3.6     688.2     —       652.8  

Share of results of subsidiaries

   367.3     441.3     60.2     —       (868.8 )   —    

Share of results of associates

   —       —       —       33.9     —       33.9  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

   363.9     405.7     63.8     722.1     (868.8 )   686.7  

Finance income

   —       44.3     5.5     37.8     —       87.6  

Finance costs

   —       (82.7 )   (37.1 )   (62.5 )   —       (182.3 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

   363.9     367.3     32.2     697.4     (868.8 )   592.0  

Taxation

   —       —       (7.5 )   (186.5 )   —       (194.0 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

   363.9     367.3     24.7     510.9     (868.8 )   398.0  

Attributable to:

                                    

Equity holders of the parent

   363.9     367.3     24.7     476.8     (868.8 )   363.9  

Minority interests

   —       —       —       34.1     —       34.1  

Profit/(loss) for the year

   363.9     367.3     24.7     510.9     (868.8 )   398.0  

 

F-47


 

Condensed consolidating cash flow statement information

 

For the year ended 31 December 2007, £m

 

    

WPP
Group

plc

    WPP
2005 Ltd
   

Grey
Global
Group,

Inc

    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
   

Consolidated

WPP Group plc

 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

   345.8     278.1     (68.4 )   336.6     (0.8 )   891.3  

Investing activities

                                    

Acquisitions and disposals

   —       —       —       (674.8 )   —       (674.8 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

   —       (3.5 )   (0.7 )   (146.9 )   —       (151.1 )

Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

   —       —       (0.3 )   (19.4 )   —       (19.7 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   —       —       0.4     7.9     —       8.3  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

   —       (3.5 )   (0.6 )   (833.2 )   —       (837.3 )

Financing activities

                                    

Share option proceeds

   —       34.8     —       —       —       34.8  

Share repurchases and buybacks

   (415.4 )   —       —       —       —       (415.4 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

   400.0     (450.0 )   —       548.9     —       498.9  

Financing and share issue costs

   (5.0 )   —       —       (3.3 )   —       (8.3 )

Equity dividends paid

   (139.7 )   —       —       —       0.8     (138.9 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

   —       —       —       (38.9 )   —       (38.9 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

   (160.1 )   (415.2 )   —       506.7     0.8     (67.8 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   185.7     (140.6 )   (69.0 )   10.1     —       (13.8 )

Translation differences

   22.8     —       1.0     95.4     —       119.2  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

   (764.4 )   (1,686.5 )   (80.0 )   3,487.8     —       956.9  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   (555.9 )   (1,827.1 )   (148.0 )   3,593.3     —       1,062.3  
For the year ended 31 December 2006, £m                          

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

   (794.7 )   (677.9 )   (59.4 )   2,193.4     —       661.4  

Investing activities

                                    

Acquisitions and disposals

   —       (39.4 )   —       (176.2 )   —       (215.6 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

   —       (5.1 )   (1.7 )   (161.0 )         (167.8 )

Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

   —       —       (0.7 )   (16.0 )   —       (16.7 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   —       —       0.1     22.3     —       22.4  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

   —       (44.5 )   (2.3 )   (330.9 )   —       (377.7 )

Financing activities

                                    

Share option proceeds

   —       70.9     —       —       —       70.9  

Share repurchases and buybacks

   (218.8 )   —       —       (38.9 )   —       (257.7 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

   403.9     (6.2 )   —       (15.6 )   —       382.1  

Financing and share issue costs

   (2.0 )   —       —       (1.7 )   —       (3.7 )

Equity dividends paid

   (118.9 )   —       —       —       —       (118.9 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

   —       —       —       (28.8 )   —       (28.8 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

   64.2     64.7     —       (85.0 )   —       43.9  

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (730.5 )   (657.7 )   (61.7 )   1,777.5     —       327.6  

Translation differences

   —       —       2.5     (52.8 )   —       (50.3 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

   (33.9 )   (1,028.8 )   (20.8 )   1,763.1     —       679.6  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   (764.4 )   (1,686.5 )   (80.0 )   3,487.8     —       956.9  

 

F-48


Condensed consolidating cash flow statement information (continued)

 

For the year ended 31 December 2005, £m

 

   

WPP
Group

plc

    WPP
2005 Ltd
   

Grey
Global
Group,

Inc

    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
   

Consolidated

WPP Group plc

 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

  (9.3 )   (139.9 )   (62.6 )   1,154.5     (105.2 )   837.5  

Investing activities

                                   

Acquisitions and disposals

  —       (231.2 )   99.0     (375.5 )   —       (507.7 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

  —       (1.8 )   (3.7 )   (155.0 )   —       (160.5 )

Purchase of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

  —       —       —       (10.8 )   —       (10.8 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

  —       —       —       6.7     —       6.7  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

  —       (233.0 )   95.3     (534.6 )   —       (672.3 )

Financing activities

                                   

Share option proceeds

  2.1     18.2     —       —       —       20.3  

Share repurchases and buybacks

  (26.7 )   (96.6 )   —       (29.0 )   —       (152.3 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

  —       —       (65.3 )   (529.9 )   —       (595.2 )

Financing and share issue costs

  —       (2.2 )   —       —       —       (2.2 )

Equity dividends paid

  —       (100.2 )   —       (105.2 )   105.2     (100.2 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

  —       —       —       (24.0 )   —       (24.0 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

  (24.6 )   (180.8 )   (65.3 )   (688.1 )   105.2     (853.6 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  (33.9 )   (553.7 )   (32.6 )   (68.2 )   —       (688.4 )

Translation differences

  —       —       11.8     73.2     —       85.0  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

  —       (475.1 )   —       1,758.1     —       1,283.0  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  (33.9 )   (1,028.8 )   (20.8 )   1,763.1     —       679.6  

 

F-49


 

Condensed consolidating balance sheet information

 

At 31 December 2007, £m

 

    

WPP

Group

PLC

    WPP
2005 Ltd
   

Grey

Global
Group,

Inc.

    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group plc
 

Non-current assets

                                    

Intangible assets:

                                    

    Goodwill

   —       —       11.1     6,060.6     —       6,071.7  

    Other

   —       —       85.7     1,068.9     —       1,154.6  

Property, plant and equipment

   —       8.8     8.5     432.3     —       449.6  

Investment in subsidiaries

   5,009.2     7,749.2     1,158.1     —       (13,916.5 )   —    

Interests in associates

   —       —       5.7     534.4     —       540.1  

Other investments

   —       —       —       268.6     —       268.6  

Deferred tax assets

   —       —       0.7     55.3     —       56.0  

Trade and other receivables

   22.8     6.3     —       120.2     —       149.3  
     5,032.0     7,764.3     1,269.8     8,540.3     (13,916.5 )   8,689.9  

Current assets

                                    

Inventory and work in progress

   —       —       2.1     341.8     —       343.9  

Corporate income tax recoverable

   —       —       —       37.2     —       37.2  

Trade and other receivables

   1.0     42.6     78.1     6,019.1     —       6,140.8  

Cash and short-term deposits

   0.4     1.2     151.8     4,271.3     (2,384.5 )   2,040.2  
     1.4     43.8     232.0     10,669.4     (2,384.5 )   8,562.1  

Current Liabilities

                                    

Trade and other payables

   (88.1 )   (56.8 )   (58.0 )   (8,046.0 )   —       (8,248.9 )

Corporate income tax payable

   —       —       1.2     (71.2 )   —       (70.0 )

Bank overdrafts and loans

   (556.2 )   (2,276.2 )   (3.7 )   (1,134.3 )   2,384.5     (1,585.9 )
     (644.3 )   (2,333.0 )   (60.5 )   (9,251.5 )   2,384.5     (9,904.8 )

Net current assets (liabilities)

   (642.9 )   (2,289.2 )   171.5     1,417.9     —       (1,342.7 )

Total assets less current liabilities

   4,389.1     5,475.1     1,441.3     9,958.2     (13,916.5 )   7,347.2  

Non-current liabilities

                                    

Bonds and bank loans

   (825.8 )   —       (82.0 )   (832.2 )   —       (1,740.0 )

Trade and other payables

   (13.7 )   (64.8 )   (9.4 )   (372.5 )   —       (460.4 )

Corporate income tax liability

   —       —       —       (336.2 )   —       (336.2 )

Deferred tax liabilities

   —       —       —       (464.0 )   —       (464.0 )

Provisions for post-employment benefits

   —       —       (2.0 )   (133.0 )   —       (135.0 )

Provisions for liabilities and charges

   —       —       (0.6 )   (116.2 )   —       (116.8 )
     (839.5 )   (64.8 )   (94.0 )   (2,254.1 )   —       (3,252.4 )

Net intercompany receivable/(payable)

   424.8     (401.1 )   (580.8 )   557.1     —       —    

Net assets

   3,974.4     5,009.2     766.5     8,261.2     (13,916.5 )   4,094.8  

Attributable to:

                                    

Minority interests

   —       —       —       120.4     —       120.4  

Equity share owners’ funds

   3,974.4     5,009.2     766.5     8,140.8     (13,916.5 )   3,974.4  

Total equity

   3,974.4     5,009.2     766.5     8,261.2     (13,916.5 )   4,094.8  

 

F-50


Condensed consolidating balance sheet information (continued)

 

At 31 December 2006, £m

 

    WPP
Group
PLC
  WPP
2005 Ltd
  Grey
Global
Group,
Inc.
   

Other

Subsidiaries

    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group plc
 

Non-current assets

                               

Intangible assets:

                               

Goodwill

  —     —     10.6     5,423.9     —       5,434.5  

Other

  —     —     101.2     1,014.2     —       1,115.4  

Property, plant and equipment

  —     7.6   10.2     397.5     —       415.3  

Investment in subsidiaries

  4,203.0   6,784.8   1,266.5     —       (12,254.3 )   —    

Interests in associates

  —     —     7.4     404.0     —       411.4  

Other investments

  —     —     —       136.5     —       136.5  

Deferred tax assets

  —     —     —       108.9     —       108.9  

Trade and other receivables

  —     24.8   —       85.5     —       110.3  
    4,203.0   6,817.2   1,395.9     7,570.5     (12,254.3 )   7,732.3  

Current assets

                               

Inventory and work in progress

  —     —     5.0     336.5     —       341.5  

Corporate income tax recoverable

  —     —     —       26.5     —       26.5  

Trade and other receivables

  1.3   45.2   114.3     4,771.1     —       4,931.9  

Cash and short-term deposits

  —     2.0   43.0     3,785.4     (2,166.7 )   1,663.7  
    1.3   47.2   162.3     8,919.5     (2,166.7 )   6,963.6  

Current Liabilities

                               

Trade and other payables

  (6.7)   (56.6)   (98.8 )   (6,621.7 )   —       (6,783.8 )

Corporate income tax payable

  —     —     (19.4 )   (20.2 )   —       (39.6 )

Bank overdrafts and loans

  (764.4)   (2,166.7)   (123.0 )   (373.2 )   2,166.7     (1,260.6 )
    (771.1)   (2,223.3)   (241.2 )   (7,015.1 )   2,166.7     (8,084.0 )

Net current assets (liabilities)

  (769.8)   (2,176.1)   (78.9 )   1,904.4     —       (1,120.4 )

Total assets less current liabilities

  3,433.2   4,641.1   1,317.0     9,474.9     (12,254.3 )   6,611.9  

Non-current liabilities

                               

Bonds and bank loans

  (402.3)   (447.9)   (82.9 )   (284.6 )   —       (1,217.7 )

Trade and other payables

  —     (12.2)   (20.0 )   (299.7 )   —       (331.9 )

Corporate income tax liability

  —     —     —       (383.7 )   —       (383.7 )

Deferred tax liabilities

  —     (1.4)   (40.2 )   (426.2 )   —       (467.8 )

Provisions for post-employment benefits

  —     —     —       (187.6 )   —       (187.6 )

Provisions for liabilities and charges

  —     —     (2.1 )   (102.7 )   —       (104.8 )
    (402.3)   (461.5)   (145.2 )   (1,684.5 )   —       (2,693.5 )

Net intercompany receivable/(payable)

  796.0   23.4   (377.4 )   (442.0 )   —       —    

Net assets

  3,826.9   4,203.0   794.4     7,348.4     (12,254.3 )   3,918.4  

Attributable to:

                               

Minority interests

  —     —     —       91.5     —       91.5  

Equity share owners’ funds

  3,826.9   4,203.0   794.4     7,256.9     (12,254.3 )   3,826.9  

Total equity

  3,826.9   4,203.0   794.4     7,348.4     (12,254.3 )   3,918.4  

 

F-51


 

The condensed consolidating financial information with respect to subsidiary issuer WPP Finance (USA) Corporation is presented below:

 

Condensed consolidating income statement information

 

For the year ended 31 December 2007, £m

 

   

WPP

Group

plc

   

WPP

2005 Ltd

    WPP
Finance
(USA)
Corporation
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group
plc
 

Revenue

  —       —       —       6,185.9     —       6,185.9  

Direct costs

  —       —       —       (335.5 )   —       (335.5 )

Gross profit

  —       —       —       5,850.4     —       5,850.4  

Operating costs

  5.9     (58.5 )   (0.9 )   (4,992.2 )   —       (5,045.7 )

Operating profit/(loss)

  5.9     (58.5 )   (0.9 )   858.2     —       804.7  

Share of results of subsidiaries

  504.3     696.6     —       —       (1,200.9 )   —    

Share of results of associates

  —       —       —       41.4     —       41.4  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

  510.2     638.1     (0.9 )   899.6     (1,200.9 )   846.1  

Finance income

  53.0     54.3     3.4     28.7     —       139.4  

Finance costs

  (97.3 )   (188.1 )   (3.5 )   22.8     —       (266.1 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

  465.9     504.3     (1.0 )   951.1     (1,200.9 )   719.4  

Taxation

  —       —       —       (204.3 )   —       (204.3 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

  465.9     504.3     (1.0 )   746.8     (1,200.9 )   515.1  

Attributable to:

                                   

Equity holders of the parent

  465.9     504.3     (1.0 )   697.6     (1,200.9 )   465.9  

Minority interests

  —       —       —       49.2     —       49.2  

Profit/(loss) for the year

  465.9     504.3     (1.0 )   746.8     (1,200.9 )   515.1  

 

For the year ended 31 December 2006, £m

 

 

Revenue

  —       —       —       5,907.8     —       5,907.8  

Direct costs

  —       —       —       (296.8 )   —       (296.8 )

Gross profit

  —       —       —       5,611.0     —       5,611.0  

Operating costs

  (7.8 )   (60.4 )   (1.2 )   (4,800.0 )   —       (4,869.4 )

Operating profit/(loss)

  (7.8 )   (60.4 )   (1.2 )   811.0     —       741.6  

Share of results of subsidiaries

  443.6     615.4     —       —       (1,059.0 )   —    

Share of results of associates

  —       —       —       41.1     —       41.1  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

  435.8     555.0     (1.2 )   852.1     (1,059.0 )   782.7  

Finance income

  —       59.7     3.7     47.6     —       111.0  

Finance costs

  —       (162.9 )   (3.7 )   (45.1 )   —       (211.7 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

  435.8     451.8     (1.2 )   854.6     (1,059.0 )   682.0  

Taxation

  —       (8.2 )   —       (191.2 )   —       (199.4 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

  435.8     443.6     (1.2 )   663.4     (1,059.0 )   482.6  

Attributable to:

                                   

Equity holders of the parent

  435.8     443.6     (1.2 )   616.6     (1,059.0 )   435.8  

Minority interests

  —       —       —       46.8     —       46.8  

Profit/(loss) for the year

  435.8     443.6     (1.2 )   663.4     (1,059.0 )   482.6  

 

For the year ended 31 December 2005, £m

 

 

Revenue

  —       —       —       5,373.7     —       5,373.7  

Direct costs

  —       —       —       (241.0 )   —       (241.0 )

Gross profit

  —       —       —       5,132.7     —       5,132.7  

Operating costs

  (3.4 )   (35.6 )   —       (4,440.9 )   —       (4,479.9 )

Operating profit/(loss)

  (3.4 )   (35.6 )   —       691.8     —       652.8  

Share of results of subsidiaries

  367.3     441.3     —       —       (808.6 )   —    

Share of results of associates

  —       —       —       33.9     —       33.9  

Profit/(loss) before interest and taxation

  363.9     405.7     —       725.7     (808.6 )   686.7  

Finance income

  —       44.3     7.6     35.7     —       87.6  

Finance costs

  —       (82.7 )   (7.8 )   (91.8 )   —       (182.3 )

Profit/(loss) before taxation

  363.9     367.3     (0.2 )   669.6     (808.6 )   592.0  

Taxation

  —       —       —       (194.0 )   —       (194.0 )

Profit/(loss) for the year

  363.9     367.3     (0.2 )   475.6     (808.6 )   398.0  

Attributable to:

                                   

Equity holders of the parent

  363.9     367.3     (0.2 )   441.5     (808.6 )   363.9  

Minority interests

  —       —       —       34.1     —       34.1  

Profit/(loss) for the year

  363.9     367.3     (0.2 )   475.6     (808.6 )   398.0  

 

F-52


 

Condensed consolidating cash flow statement information

 

For the year ended 31 December 2007, £m

 

   

WPP
Group

plc

    WPP
2005 Ltd
    WPP
Finance
(USA)
Corporation
  Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
   

Consolidated

WPP Group plc

 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

  345.8     278.1     —     268.2     (0.8 )   891.3  

Investing activities

                                 

Acquisitions and disposals

  —       —       —     (674.8 )   —       (674.8 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

  —       (3.5 )   —     (147.6 )   —       (151.1 )

Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

  —       —       —     (19.7 )   —       (19.7 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

  —       —       —     8.3     —       8.3  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

  —       (3.5 )   —     (833.8 )   —       (837.3 )

Financing activities

                                 

Share option proceeds

  —       34.8     —     —       —       34.8  

Share repurchases and buybacks

  (415.4 )   —       —     —       —       (415.4 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

  400.0     (450.0 )   —     548.9     —       498.9  

Financing and share issue costs

  (5.0 )   —       —     (3.3 )   —       (8.3 )

Equity dividends paid

  (139.7 )   —       —     —       0.8     (138.9 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

  —       —       —     (38.9 )   —       (38.9 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

  (160.1 )   (415.2 )   —     506.7     0.8     (67.8 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  185.7     (140.6 )   —     (58.9 )   —       (13.8 )

Translation differences

  22.8     —       —     96.4     —       119.2  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

  (764.4 )   (1,686.5 )   —     3,407.8     —       956.9  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  (555.9 )   (1,827.1 )   —     3,445.3     —       1,062.3  
For the year ended 31 December 2006, £m              

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

  (794.7 )   (677.9 )   —     2,134.0     —       661.4  

Investing activities

                                 

Acquisitions and disposals

  —       (39.4 )   —     (176.2 )   —       (215.6 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

  —       (5.1 )       (162.7 )         (167.8 )

Purchases of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

  —       —       —     (16.7 )   —       (16.7 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

  —       —       —     22.4     —       22.4  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

  —       (44.5 )   —     (333.2 )   —       (377.7 )

Financing activities

                                 

Share option proceeds

  —       70.9     —     —       —       70.9  

Share repurchases and buybacks

  (218.8 )   —       —     (38.9 )   —       (257.7 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

  403.9     (6.2 )   —     (15.6 )   —       382.1  

Financing and share issue costs

  (2.0 )   —       —     (1.7 )   —       (3.7 )

Equity dividends paid

  (118.9 )   —       —     —       —       (118.9 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

  —       —       —     (28.8 )   —       (28.8 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

  64.2     64.7     —     (85.0 )   —       43.9  

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  (730.5 )   (657.7 )   —     1,715.8     —       327.6  

Translation differences

  —       —       —     (50.3 )   —       (50.3 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

  (33.9 )   (1,028.8 )   —     1,742.3     —       679.6  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  (764.4 )   (1,686.5 )   —     3,407.8     —       956.9  

 

F-53


Condensed consolidating cash flow statement information (continued)

 

For the year ended 31 December 2005, £m

 

   

WPP
Group

plc

    WPP
2005 Ltd
    WPP
Finance
(USA)
Corporation
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications /
Eliminations
   

Consolidated

WPP Group plc

 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities

  (9.3 )   (139.9 )   114.1     977.8     (105.2 )   837.5  

Investing activities

                                   

Acquisitions and disposals

  —       (231.2 )   —       (276.5 )   —       (507.7 )

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

  —       (1.8 )   —       (158.7 )   —       (160.5 )

Purchase of other intangible assets (including capitalised computer software)

  —       —       —       (10.8 )   —       (10.8 )

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

  —       —       —       6.7     —       6.7  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

  —       (233.0 )   —       (439.3 )   —       (672.3 )

Financing activities

                                   

Share option proceeds

  2.1     18.2     —       —       —       20.3  

Share repurchases and buybacks

  (26.7 )   (96.6 )   —       (29.0 )   —       (152.3 )

Net increase/(decrease) in borrowings

  —       —       (114.1 )   (481.1 )   —       (595.2 )

Financing and share issue costs

  —       (2.2 )   —       —       —       (2.2 )

Equity dividends paid

  —       (100.2 )   —       (105.2 )   105.2     (100.2 )

Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings

  —       —       —       (24.0 )   —       (24.0 )

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities

  (24.6 )   (180.8 )   (114.1 )   (639.3 )   105.2     (853.6 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  (33.9 )   (553.7 )   —       (100.8 )   —       (688.4 )

Translation differences

  —       —       —       85.0     —       85.0  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

  —       (475.1 )   —       1,758.1     —       1,283.0  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  (33.9 )   (1,028.8 )   —       1,742.3     —       679.6  

 

F-54


 

Condensed consolidating balance sheet information

 

At 31 December 2007, £m

 

   

WPP
Group

PLC

    WPP
2005 Ltd
    WPP
Finance
(USA)
Corporation
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group plc
 

Non-current assets

                                   

Intangible assets:

                                   

    Goodwill

  —       —       —       6,071.7     —       6,071.7  

    Other

  —       —       —       1,154.6     —       1,154.6  

Property, plant and equipment

  —       8.8     —       440.8     —       449.6  

Investment in subsidiaries

  5,009.2     7,749.2     —       —       (12,758.4 )   —    

Interests in associates

  —       —       —       540.1     —       540.1  

Other investments

  —       —       —       268.6     —       268.6  

Deferred tax assets

  —       —       —       56.0     —       56.0  

Trade and other receivables

  22.8     6.3     —       120.2     —       149.3  
    5,032.0     7,764.3     —       8,652.0     (12,758.4 )   8,689.9  

Current assets

                                   

Inventory and work in progress

  —       —       —       343.9     —       343.9  

Corporate income tax recoverable

  —       —       —       37.2     —       37.2  

Trade and other receivables

  1.0     42.6     —       6,097.2     —       6,140.8  

Cash and short-term deposits

  0.4     1.2     —       4,423.1     (2,384.5 )   2,040.2  
    1.4     43.8     —       10,901.4     (2,384.5 )   8,562.1  

Current Liabilities

                                   

Trade and other payables

  (88.1 )   (56.8 )   (2.0 )   (8,102.0 )   —       (8,248.9 )

Corporate income tax payable

  —       —       —       (70.0 )   —       (70.0 )

Bank overdrafts and loans

  (556.2 )   (2,276.2 )   —       (1,138.0 )   2,384.5     (1,585.9 )
    (644.3 )   (2,333.0 )   (2.0 )   (9,310.0 )   2,384.5     (9,904.8 )

Net current assets (liabilities)

  (642.9 )   (2,289.2 )   (2.0 )   1,591.4     —       (1,342.7 )

Total assets less current liabilities

  4,389.1     5,475.1     (2.0 )   10,243.4     (12,758.4 )   7,347.2  

Non-current liabilities

                                   

Bonds and bank loans

  (825.8 )   —       (50.4 )   (863.8 )   —       (1,740.0 )

Trade and other payables

  (13.7 )   (64.8 )   —       (381.9 )   —       (460.4 )

Corporate income tax liability

  —       —       —       (336.2 )   —       (336.2 )

Deferred tax liabilities

  —       —       —       (464.0 )   —       (464.0 )

Provisions for post-employment benefits

  —       —       —       (135.0 )   —       (135.0 )

Provisions for liabilities and charges

  —       —       —       (116.8 )   —       (116.8 )
    (839.5 )   (64.8 )   (50.4 )   (2,297.7 )   —       (3,252.4 )

Net intercompany receivable/(payable)

  424.8     (401.1 )   63.4     (87.1 )   —       —    

Net assets

  3,974.4     5,009.2     11.0     7,858.6     (12,758.4 )   4,094.8  

Attributable to:

                                   

Minority interests

  —       —       —       120.4     —       120.4  

Equity share owners’ funds

  3,974.4     5,009.2     11.0     7,738.2     (12,758.4 )   3,974.4  

Total equity

  3,974.4     5,009.2     11.0     7,858.6     (12,758.4 )   4,094.8  

 

F-55


Condensed consolidating balance sheet information (continued)

 

At 31 December 2006, £m

 

    WPP
Group
PLC
  WPP
2005 Ltd
  WPP
Finance
(USA)
Corporation
    Other
Subsidiaries
    Reclassifications/
Eliminations
    Consolidated
WPP Group plc
 

Non-current assets

                               

Intangible assets:

                               

Goodwill

  —     —     —       5,434.5     —       5,434.5  

Other

  —     —     —       1,115.4     —       1,115.4  

Property, plant and equipment

  —     7.6   —       407.7     —       415.3  

Investment in subsidiaries

  4,203.0   6,784.8   —       —       (10,987.8 )   —    

Interests in associates

  —     —     —       411.4     —       411.4  

Other investments

  —     —     —       136.5     —       136.5  

Deferred tax assets

  —     —     —       108.9     —       108.9  

Trade and other receivables

  —     24.8   —       85.5     —       110.3  
    4,203.0   6,817.2   —       7,699.9     (10,987.8 )   7,732.3  

Current assets

                               

Inventory and work in progress

  —     —     —       341.5     —       341.5  

Corporate income tax recoverable

  —     —     —       26.5     —       26.5  

Trade and other receivables

  1.3   45.2   —       4,885.4     —       4,931.9  

Cash and short-term deposits

  —     2.0   —       3,828.4     (2,166.7 )   1,663.7  
    1.3   47.2   —       9,081.8     (2,166.7 )   6,963.6  

Current Liabilities

                               

Trade and other payables

  (6.7)   (56.6)   (2.0 )   (6,718.5 )   —       (6,783.8 )

Corporate income tax payable

  —     —     —       (39.6 )   —       (39.6 )

Bank overdrafts and loans

  (764.4)   (2,166.7)   —       (496.2 )   2,166.7     (1,260.6 )
    (771.1)   (2,223.3)   (2.0 )   (7,254.3 )   2,166.7     (8,084.0 )

Net current assets (liabilities)

  (769.8)   (2,176.1)   (2.0 )   1,827.5     —       (1,120.4 )

Total assets less current liabilities

  3,433.2   4,641.1   (2.0 )   9,527.4     (10,987.8 )   6,611.9  

Non-current liabilities

                               

Bonds and bank loans

  (402.3)   (447.9)   (51.0 )   (316.5 )   —       (1,217.7 )

Trade and other payables

  —     (12.2)   —       (319.7 )   —       (331.9 )

Corporate income tax liability

  —     —     —       (383.7 )   —       (383.7 )

Deferred tax liabilities

  —     (1.4)   —       (466.4 )   —       (467.8 )

Provisions for post-employment benefits

  —     —     —       (187.6 )   —       (187.6 )

Provisions for liabilities and charges

  —     —     —       (104.8 )   —       (104.8 )
    (402.3)   (461.5)   (51.0 )   (1,778.7 )   —       (2,693.5 )

Net intercompany receivable/(payable)

  796.0   23.4   65.1     (884.5 )   —       —    

Net assets

  3,826.9   4,203.0   12.1     6,864.2     (10,987.8 )   3,918.4  

Attributable to:

                               

Minority interests

  —     —     —       91.5     —       91.5  

Equity share owners’ funds

  3,826.9   4,203.0   12.1     6,772.7     (10,987.8 )   3,826.9  

Total equity

  3,826.9   4,203.0   12.1     6,864.2     (10,987.8 )   3,918.4  

 

F-56