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Intangible Assets, Net
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets, Net Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets consist of the following:
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
(in thousands)Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Amortizable intangible assets:
Patents$5,467 $(944)$4,523 $4,905 $(820)$4,085 
License agreements— — — 1,101 (1,087)14 
Total amortizable intangible assets5,467 (944)4,523 6,006 (1,907)4,099 
Unamortized intangible assets:
Trademarks443 — 443 432 — 432 
Total intangible assets$5,910 $(944)$4,966 $6,438 $(1,907)$4,531 
Amortization expense is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2024202320242023
Amortization expense$76 $73 $138 $144 
As of June 30, 2024, future amortization of patents and license agreements is as follows:
Year Ending December 31,(in thousands)
2024 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2024)$129 
2025261 
2026261 
2027261 
2028261 
Thereafter3,350 
Total$4,523 
License Agreements
The Company had various license agreements that require the payment of royalty fees.
Royalty fee expense included in sales and marketing expense is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2024202320242023
Royalty fee expense (1)
$— $868 $— $1,698 
(1) Royalty fees are no longer being paid due to the expiration of the patents in 2023.