Loans

The composition of the loan portfolio, by class of loan, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows:



	March 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Loan Balance		Accrued Interest Receivable		Recorded Investment		Loan Balance		Accrued Interest Receivable		Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural *	$	1,000,786	$	4,243	$	1,005,029	$	1,053,453	$	4,413	$	1,057,866
Commercial real estate *	1,156,563		4,047		1,160,610		1,167,607		4,283		1,171,890
Construction real estate:
Commercial	126,561		375		126,936		125,389		401		125,790
Mortgage	51,379		119		51,498		52,203		133		52,336
Installment	3,244		11		3,255		3,878		13		3,891
Residential real estate:
Commercial	389,766		1,043		390,809		393,094		1,029		394,123
Mortgage	1,097,166		1,327		1,098,493		1,110,426		1,516		1,111,942
HELOC	194,158		904		195,062		203,178		974		204,152
Installment	17,570		49		17,619		18,526		53		18,579
Consumer	1,252,251		3,462		1,255,713		1,241,736		3,808		1,245,544
Leases	2,905		46		2,951		2,993		36		3,029
Total loans	$	5,292,349	$	15,626	$	5,307,975	$	5,372,483	$	16,659	$	5,389,142

* Included within each of commercial, financial and agricultural loans and commercial real estate loans is an immaterial amount of consumer loans that are not broken out by class.

Loans are shown net of deferred origination fees, costs and unearned income of $12.3 million at March 31, 2018 and $12.2 million at December 31, 2017, which represented a net deferred income position in both periods.

Overdrawn deposit accounts of $1.4 million and $1.9 million had been reclassified to loans at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and are included in the commercial, financial and agricultural loan class above.

Credit Quality

The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans, accruing troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"), and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of loan as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017:



	March 31, 2018
(In thousands)	Nonaccrual Loans		Accruing TDRs		Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing		Total Nonperforming Loans
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	25,985	$	1,088	$	—	$	27,073
Commercial real estate	14,213		4,770		—		18,983
Construction real estate:
Commercial	960		433		—		1,393
Mortgage	—		16		—		16
Installment	43		6		—		49
Residential real estate:
Commercial	2,674		222		—		2,896
Mortgage	16,856		10,022		669		27,547
HELOC	1,482		882		47		2,411
Installment	527		695		—		1,222
Consumer	3,411		623		690		4,724
Total loans	$	66,151	$	18,757	$	1,406	$	86,314



	December 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Nonaccrual Loans		Accruing TDRs		Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing		Total Nonperforming Loans
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	16,773	$	1,291	$	—	$	18,064
Commercial real estate	12,979		5,163		—		18,142
Construction real estate:
Commercial	986		338		—		1,324
Mortgage	8		92		—		100
Installment	52		—		—		52
Residential real estate:
Commercial	18,835		224		—		19,059
Mortgage	16,841		10,766		568		28,175
HELOC	1,593		1,025		14		2,632
Installment	586		616		7		1,209
Consumer	3,403		662		1,256		5,321
Total loans	$	72,056	$	20,177	$	1,845	$	94,078

The following table provides additional information regarding those nonaccrual loans and accruing TDR loans that were individually evaluated for impairment and those collectively evaluated for impairment, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.



	March 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Nonaccrual and Accruing TDRs		Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Nonaccrual and Accruing TDRs		Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	27,073	$	27,050	$	23	$	18,064	$	18,039	$	25
Commercial real estate	18,983		18,983		—		18,142		18,142		—
Construction real estate:
Commercial	1,393		1,393		—		1,324		1,324		—
Mortgage	16		—		16		100		—		100
Installment	49		—		49		52		—		52
Residential real estate:
Commercial	2,896		2,896		—		19,059		19,059		—
Mortgage	26,878		—		26,878		27,607		—		27,607
HELOC	2,364		—		2,364		2,618		—		2,618
Installment	1,222		—		1,222		1,202		—		1,202
Consumer	4,034		—		4,034		4,065		—		4,065
Total loans	$	84,908	$	50,322	$	34,586	$	92,233	$	56,564	$	35,669

All of the loans individually evaluated for impairment were evaluated using the fair value of the underlying collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows as the measurement method.

The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan, together with the related allowance recorded, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.



	March 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance for Loan Losses Allocated		Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance for Loan Losses Allocated
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	27,201	$	22,255	$	—	$	19,899	$	14,704	$	—
Commercial real estate	18,370		17,901		—		18,974		18,060		—
Construction real estate:
Commercial	1,264		1,265		—		2,788		1,324		—
Residential real estate:
Commercial	3,107		2,786		—		19,346		19,012		—

With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial and agricultural	7,082		4,795		1,165		5,394		3,335		681
Commercial real estate	1,524		1,082		29		137		82		2
Construction real estate:
Commercial	1,592		128		8		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Commercial	123		110		5		47		47		1
Consumer	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	60,263	$	50,322	$	1,207	$	66,585	$	56,564	$	684

Management’s general practice is to proactively charge down loans individually evaluated for impairment to the fair value of the underlying collateral. At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were $5.8 million and $7.9 million, respectively, of partial charge-offs on loans individually evaluated for impairment with no related allowance recorded and $4.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of partial charge-offs on loans individually evaluated for impairment that also had a specific reserve allocated.

The allowance for loan losses included specific reserves related to loans individually evaluated for impairment at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 of $1.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively. These loans with specific reserves had a recorded investment of $6.1 million and $3.5 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Interest income on nonaccrual loans individually evaluated for impairment is recognized on a cash basis only when Park expects to receive the entire recorded investment of the loan. Interest income on accruing TDRs individually evaluated for impairment continues to be recorded on an accrual basis. The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized subsequent to impairment on loans individually evaluated for impairment as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018						Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Recorded Investment as of March 31, 2018		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Recorded Investment as of March 31, 2017		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	27,050	$	20,078	$	174	$	22,542	$	19,471	$	220
Commercial real estate	18,983		18,193		202		22,732		23,297		231
Construction real estate:
Commercial	1,393		1,377		14		2,041		2,096		15
Residential real estate:
Commercial	2,896		11,215		31		22,803		23,081		345
Consumer	—		—		—		9		5		—
Total	$	50,322	$	50,863	$	421	$	70,127	$	67,950	$	811

The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 by class of loan.



	March 31, 2018
(In thousands)	Accruing Loans Past Due 30-89 Days		Past Due Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing ⁽¹⁾		Total Past Due		Total Current ⁽²⁾		Total Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	1,483	$	13,100	$	14,583	$	990,446	$	1,005,029
Commercial real estate	210		2,748		2,958		1,157,652		1,160,610
Construction real estate:
Commercial	—		—		—		126,936		126,936
Mortgage	84		—		84		51,414		51,498
Installment	49		3		52		3,203		3,255
Residential real estate:
Commercial	413		1,023		1,436		389,373		390,809
Mortgage	9,465		8,010		17,475		1,081,018		1,098,493
HELOC	570		729		1,299		193,763		195,062
Installment	268		215		483		17,136		17,619
Consumer	7,567		1,798		9,365		1,246,348		1,255,713
Leases	—		—		—		2,951		2,951
Total loans	$	20,109	$	27,626	$	47,735	$	5,260,240	$	5,307,975

(1) Includes $1.4 million of loans past due 90 days or more and accruing. The remaining loans were past due nonaccrual loans.

(2) Includes $39.9 million of nonaccrual loans which were current in regards to contractual principal and interest payments.



	December 31, 2017
(in thousands)	Accruing Loans Past Due 30-89 Days		Past Due Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing ⁽¹⁾		Total Past Due		Total Current ⁽²⁾		Total Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural	$	145	$	1,043	$	1,188	$	1,056,678	$	1,057,866
Commercial real estate	856		2,360		3,216		1,168,674		1,171,890
Construction real estate:
Commercial	29		—		29		125,761		125,790
Mortgage	256		—		256		52,080		52,336
Installment	54		19		73		3,818		3,891
Residential real estate:
Commercial	16		1,586		1,602		392,521		394,123
Mortgage	11,515		9,232		20,747		1,091,195		1,111,942
HELOC	616		876		1,492		202,660		204,152
Installment	239		253		492		18,087		18,579
Consumer	11,515		2,407		13,922		1,231,622		1,245,544
Leases	—		—		—		3,029		3,029
Total loans	$	25,241	$	17,776	$	43,017	$	5,346,125	$	5,389,142

(1) Includes $1.8 million of loans past due 90 days or more and accruing. The remaining loans were past due nonaccrual loans.

(2) Includes $56.1 million of nonaccrual loans which were current in regards to contractual principal and interest payments.

Credit Quality Indicators

Management utilizes past due information as a credit quality indicator across the loan portfolio. Past due information as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is included in the tables above. The past due information is the primary credit quality indicator within the following classes of loans: (1) mortgage loans and installment loans in the construction real estate segment; (2) mortgage loans, HELOC and installment loans in the residential real estate segment; and (3) consumer loans. The primary credit indicator for commercial loans is based on an internal grading system that grades commercial loans on a scale from 1 to 8. Credit grades are continuously monitored by the responsible loan officer and adjustments are made when appropriate. A grade of 1 indicates little or no credit risk and a grade of 8 is considered a loss. Commercial loans that are pass-rated (graded an 1 through a 4) are considered to be of acceptable credit risk. Commercial loans graded a 5 (special mention) are considered to be watch list credits and a higher loan loss reserve percentage is allocated to these loans. Loans classified as special mention have potential weaknesses that require management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of Park’s credit position at some future date. Commercial loans graded a 6 (substandard), also considered to be watch list credits, are considered to represent higher credit risk and, as a result, a higher loan loss reserve percentage is allocated to these loans. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the value of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that Park will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Commercial loans that are graded a 7 (doubtful) are shown as nonaccrual and Park generally charges these loans down to their fair value by taking a partial charge-off or recording a specific reserve. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Certain 6-rated loans and all 7-rated loans are placed on nonaccrual status and included within the impaired category. A loan is deemed impaired when management determines the borrower's ability to perform in accordance with the contractual loan agreement is in doubt. Any commercial loan graded an 8 (loss) is completely charged off.

The tables below present the recorded investment by loan grade at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 for all commercial loans:



	March 31, 2018
(In thousands)	5 Rated		6 Rated		Nonaccrual and Accruing TDRs		Pass-Rated		Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural *	$	475	$	130	$	27,073	$	977,351	$	1,005,029
Commercial real estate *	2,176		—		18,983		1,139,451		1,160,610
Construction real estate:
Commercial	—		344		1,393		125,199		126,936
Residential real estate:
Commercial	412		—		2,896		387,501		390,809
Leases	—		—		—		2,951		2,951
Total commercial loans	$	3,063	$	474	$	50,345	$	2,632,453	$	2,686,335

* Included within each of commercial, financial and agricultural loans and commercial real estate loans is an immaterial amount of consumer loans that are not broken out by class.



	December 31, 2017
(In thousands)	5 Rated		6 Rated		Nonaccrual and Accruing TDRs		Pass-Rated		Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural *	$	17,272	$	153	$	18,064	$	1,022,377	$	1,057,866
Commercial real estate *	5,322		457		18,142		1,147,969		1,171,890
Construction real estate:
Commercial	278		—		1,324		124,188		125,790
Residential real estate:
Commercial	216		1		19,059		374,847		394,123
Leases	—		—		—		3,029		3,029
Total Commercial Loans	$	23,088	$	611	$	56,589	$	2,672,410	$	2,752,698

* Included within each of commercial, financial and agricultural loans and commercial real estate loans is an immaterial amount of consumer loans that are not broken out by class.

Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs")

Management classifies loans as TDRs when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and Park has granted a concession to the borrower as part of a modification or in the loan renewal process. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of the borrower's debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed in accordance with the Company’s internal underwriting policy. Management’s policy is to modify loans by extending the term or by granting a temporary or permanent contractual interest rate below the market rate, not by forgiving debt. A court's discharge of a borrower's debt in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy is considered a concession when the borrower does not reaffirm the discharged debt.

Certain loans which were modified during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 did not meet the definition of a TDR as the modification was a delay in a payment that was considered to be insignificant. Management considers a forbearance period of up to three months or a delay in payment of up to 30 days to be insignificant. TDRs may be classified as accruing if the borrower has been current for a period of at least six months with respect to loan payments and management expects that the borrower will be able to continue to make payments in accordance with the terms of the restructured note. Management reviews all accruing TDRs quarterly to ensure payments continue to be made in accordance with the modified terms.

Quarterly, management reviews renewals/modifications of loans previously identified as TDRs to consider if it is appropriate to remove the TDR classification. If the borrower is no longer experiencing financial difficulty and the renewal/modification did not contain a concessionary interest rate or other concessionary terms, management considers the potential removal of the TDR classification. If deemed appropriate, the TDR classification is removed if the borrower has complied with the terms of the loan at the date of the renewal/modification and there was a reasonable expectation that the borrower would continue to comply with the terms of the loan subsequent to the date of the renewal/modification. The majority of these TDRs were originally considered restructurings in a prior year as a result of a renewal/modification with an interest rate that was not commensurate with the risk of the underlying loan at the time of the renewal/modification. The TDR classification was removed on $324,000 of loans during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018. There were no TDR classifications removed during the three-month period ended March 31, 2017.

At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were $24.0 million and $38.5 million, respectively, of TDRs included in the nonaccrual loan totals. At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, $18.5 million and $32.4 million, respectively, of these nonaccrual TDRs were performing in accordance with the terms of the restructured note. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, loans with a recorded investment of $18.8 million and $20.2 million, respectively, were included in accruing TDR loan totals. Management will continue to review the restructured loans and may determine it is appropriate to move certain nonaccrual TDRs to accrual status in the future.

At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Park had commitments to lend $0.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of additional funds to borrowers whose outstanding loan terms had been modified in a TDR.

There were $0.7 million and $0.5 million of specific reserves related to TDRs at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Modifications made in 2017 and 2018 were largely the result of renewals and extending the maturity date of the loan at terms consistent with the original note. These modifications were deemed to be TDRs primarily due to Park’s conclusion that the borrower would likely not have qualified for similar terms through another lender. Many of the modifications deemed to be TDRs were previously identified as impaired loans, and thus were also previously evaluated for impairment under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 310. Additional specific reserves of $10,000 and $280,000 were recorded during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, respectively, as a result of TDRs identified in the respective periods.

The terms of certain other loans were modified during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 that did not meet the definition of a TDR. There were no modified substandard commercial loans which did not meet the definition of a TDR at March 31, 2018. Modified substandard commercial loans which did not meet the definition of a TDR had a total recorded investment of $113,000 at March 31, 2017. The renewal/modification of these loans: (1) resulted in a delay in a payment that was considered to be insignificant, or (2) resulted in Park obtaining additional collateral or guarantees that improved the likelihood of the ultimate collection of the loans such that each modification was deemed to be at market terms.

Consumer loans modified during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 which did not meet the definition of a TDR had a total recorded investment of $6.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Many of these loans were to borrowers who were not experiencing financial difficulties but who were looking to reduce their cost of funds.

The following tables detail the number of contracts modified as TDRs during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, as well as the recorded investment of these contracts at March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017. The recorded investment pre- and post-modification is generally the same due to the fact that Park does not typically forgive principal.



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(In thousands)	Number of Contracts	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural	4	$	—	$	55	$	55
Commercial real estate	3	—		249		249
Construction real estate:
Commercial	1	63		—		63
Mortgage	—	—		—		—
Installment	—	—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Commercial	—	—		—		—
Mortgage	9	—		650		650
HELOC	2	251		88		339
Installment	5	102		13		115
Consumer	50	13		351		364
Total loans	74	$	429	$	1,406	$	1,835



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Number of Contracts	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural	6	$	3,079	$	1,019	$	4,098
Commercial real estate	4	—		379		379
Construction real estate:
Commercial	—	—		—		—
Mortgage	—	—		—		—
Installment	—	—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Commercial	3	—		2,140		2,140
Mortgage	9	—		608		608
HELOC	3	200		6		206
Installment	1	34		—		34
Consumer	57	272		348		620
Total loans	83	$	3,585	$	4,500	$	8,085

Of those loans which were modified and determined to be a TDR during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, $0.5 million were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2017. Of those loans which were modified and determined to be a TDR during the three-month period ended March 31, 2017, $2.6 million were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2016.

The following table presents the recorded investment in financing receivables which were modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, respectively. For this table, a loan is considered to be in default when it becomes 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms. The additional allowance for loan loss resulting from the defaults on TDR loans was immaterial.



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018			Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(In thousands)	Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment
Commercial, financial and agricultural	3	$	207	6	$	198
Commercial real estate	1	114		5	838
Construction real estate:
Commercial	—	—		—	—
Mortgage	—	—		—	—
Installment	—	—		—	—
Residential real estate:
Commercial	1	17		3	49
Mortgage	7	536		8	631
HELOC	3	174		—	—
Installment	—	—		1	3
Consumer	41	329		29	268
Leases	—	—		—	—
Total loans	56	$	1,377	52	$	1,987

Of the $1.4 million in modified TDRs which defaulted during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, $72,000 were accruing loans and $1.3 million were nonaccrual loans. Of the $2.0 million in modified TDRs which defaulted during the three-month period ended March 31, 2017, $60,000 were accruing loans and $1.9 million were nonaccrual loans.