3. Recently-Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]

3. Recently-Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases: Topic 842,” that requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for most leases including operating leases, and followed it up with ASUs No. 2018-10, No. 2018-11, No. 2018-20, and No. 2019-01 (collectively “Topic 842”), which clarified certain aspects of the new leases standard and provided an optional transition method.

We adopted Topic 842 on January 1, 2019, and elected the optional transition method to initially apply the standard at the January 1, 2019, adoption date. As a result, we applied the new lease standard prospectively to our leases existing or commencing on or after January 1, 2019. Comparative periods presented were not restated upon adoption. Similarly, new disclosures under the standard were made for periods beginning January 1, 2019, and not for prior comparative periods. Prior periods will continue to be reported under guidance in effect prior to January 1, 2019. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the standard, which among other things, allowed us to not reassess contracts to determine if they contain leases, lease classification and initial direct costs. The standard did not impact our statements of operations and had no impact on our cash flows.

We have an operating lease which is a real estate lease for our headquarters in Fairfax, Virginia. This lease has a fixed lease term of 49 months. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in right-of-use operating lease assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities in our balance sheets as of March 31, 2019. As of March 31, 2019, we do not have any sales-type or direct financing leases.

Our operating lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Since our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our lease agreement includes rental payments escalating annually for inflation at a fixed rate. These payments are included in the initial measurement of the operating lease liability and operating lease asset. We do not have any rental payments which are based on a change in an index or a rate that can be considered variable lease payments, which would be expensed as incurred.

We have lease agreements which may contain lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single performance obligation to the extent that the timing and pattern of transfer are similar for the lease and non-lease components and the lease component qualifies as an operating lease. We do not recognize lease liabilities and operating lease assets for leases with a term of 12 months or less. We recognize these lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Upon adoption of Topic 842 on January 1, 2019, the Company recorded a right-to-use operating lease asset of $244,877 and a lease liability of $242,696.

Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictions or covenants.

We do not sublease any real estate to third parties.

The following table provides supplemental balance sheet information related to IAI's operating leases:

Balance Sheet Classification	as of March 31, 2019
Assets:
Right-to-use operating lease asset	$	219,943
Liabilities:
Operating lease liability - current	$	97,425
Operating lease liability - non-current		124,560
Total lease liabilities	$	221,985

The following table reconciles the undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities recorded in our balance sheet.

	March 31, 2019
Remainder of 2019	$	80,619
2020		110,086
2021		46,433
Total lease payments		237,138
Less: discount		(15,153	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	221,985

As of March 31, 2019, our operating lease had a weighted average lease term of approximately 2.3 years. The discount rate of our lease is equal to our incremental borrowing rate at the measurement date of the lease agreement. The weighted average discount rate of our operating lease approximately 5.5%. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, we incurred $26,122 of expense related to our operating leases. Rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $26,122. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no short term leases with a term less than 12 months.