2. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue is recognized when all of the following steps have been taken and criteria met for each contract:

● Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer - A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enter into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and the parties are committed to perform and, (iii) it determines that collection of substantially all consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for goods or services that will be transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration.

● Identification of the performance obligations in the contract - Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the goods or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from the Company, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods or services, the Company applies judgment to determine whether promised goods or services are capable of being distinct and distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation.

● Determination of the transaction price - The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer adjusted for estimated variable consideration, if any. The Company typically estimates the transaction price impact of discounts offered to the customers for early payments on receivables or rebates based on sales target achievements. Constraints are applied when estimating variable considerations based on historical experience where applicable.

● Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract - If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price basis. The Company determine standalone selling price by taking into account available information such as historical selling prices of the performance obligation, geographic location, overall strategic pricing objective, market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations.

● Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies performance obligations - The Company satisfies performance obligations either over time or at a point in time as discussed in further detail below. Revenue is recognized at or over the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring a promised good or service to a customer.

Nature of Products and Services

The Company generate revenue from the sales of information technology professional services, sales of third-party software licenses and implementation and training services, sales of third-party support and maintenance contracts based on those software products, and incentive payments received from third-party software suppliers for facilitating sales directly between that supplier and a customer introduced by the Company. The Company sells through its direct relationships with end customers and under subcontractor arrangements. The Company accounts for its performance obligations in accordance with ASC 606, and all related interpretations.

Professional services are offered through several arrangements – through time and materials arrangements, fixed-price-per-unit arrangements, fixed-price arrangements, or combinations of these arrangements within individual contracts. Revenue under time and materials arrangements is recognized over time in the period the hours are worked or the expenses are incurred, as control of the benefits of the work is deemed to have passed to the customer as the work is performed. Revenue under fixed-price-per-unit arrangements is recognized at a point in time when delivery of units have occurred and units are accepted by the customer or are reasonably expected to be accepted. Generally, revenue under fixed-price arrangements and mixed arrangements is recognized either over time or at a point in time based on the allocation of transaction pricing to each identified performance obligation as control of each is transferred to the customer. For fixed-price arrangements for which the Company is paid a fixed fee to make itself available to support a customer, with no predetermined deliverables to which transaction prices can be estimated or allocated, revenue is recognized ratably over time.

Third-party software licenses are classified as enterprise server-based software licenses or desktop software licenses, and desktop licenses are further classified by the type of customer and whether the licenses are bulk licenses or individual licenses. The Company’s obligations as the seller for each class differ based on its reseller agreements and whether our customers are government or non-government customers. Revenue from enterprise server-based sales to either government or non-government customers is usually recognized in full at a point in time based on when the customer gains use of the full benefit of the licenses, after the licenses are implemented. If the transaction prices of the performance obligations related to implementation and customer support for the individual contract is material, these obligations are recognized separately over time, as performed. Revenue for desktop software licenses for government customers is usually recognized in full at a point in time, based on when the customer’s administrative contact gains training in and beneficial use of the administrative portal. If the transaction prices of the performance obligations related to implementing the government administrator’s use of the administrative portal and administrator support for the individual contract are material (rare), these obligations are recognized separately over time, as performed. Revenue for bulk desktop software licenses for non-government customers is usually recognized in full at a point in time, based on when the customer’s administrative contact gains training in and beneficial use of the administrative portal. For desktop software licenses sold on an individual license basis to non-government customers, where the Company has no obligation to the customer after the third-party makes delivery of the licenses, the Company has determined it is acting as an agent, and the Company recognizes revenue upon delivery of the licenses only for the net of the selling price and its contract costs.

Third-party support and maintenance contracts for enterprise server-based software include a performance obligation under the Company’s reseller agreements for it to be the first line of support (direct support) and second line of support (intermediary between customer and manufacturer) to the customer. Because of the support performance obligations, and because the amount of support is not estimable, the Company recognizes revenue ratably over time as it makes itself available to provide the support.

Incentive payments are received under reseller agreements with software manufacturers and suppliers where the Company introduces and court a customer, but the sale occurs directly between the customer and the supplier or between the customer and the manufacturer. Since the transfer of control of the licenses cannot be measured from outside of these transactions, revenue is recognized when payment from the manufacturer or supplier is received.

Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Contract	Year ended 12/31/2018					Year ended 12/31/2017
Type	Amount		Percentage			Amount		Percentage
Services Time & Materials	$	3,010,891		33.7	%	$	3,296,721		31.0	%
Services Fixed Price		1,103,828		12.4	%		1,315,135		12.4	%
Services Combination		207,942		2.3	%		341,136		3.2	%
Services Fixed Price per Unit		69,650		0.8	%		50,916		0.5	%
Third-Party Software		3,897,421		43.6	%		4,081,171		38.3	%
Software Support & Maintenance		589,975		6.6	%		1,508,113		14.2	%
Incentive Payments		54,068		0.6	%		47,411		0.4	%
Total Revenue	$	8,933,775				$	10,640,603

Contract Balances

Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the billable amount where the Company has the unconditional right to bill, net of allowances for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of accounts. Management regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, each customer's expected ability to pay and collection history, when applicable, to determine whether a specific allowance is appropriate. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts when identified.

Contract Assets

Contract assets consist of assets typically resulting when revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed or billable to the customer due to allocation of transaction price. Contract assets balances were $0 and $5,532 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities, to which the Company formerly referred as deferred revenue, consist of amounts that have been invoiced and for which the Company has the right to bill, but that have not been recognized as revenue because the related goods or services have not been transferred. Contract liabilities balances were $318,552 and $387,002 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract

When applicable, the Company recognize an asset related to the costs incurred to obtain a contract only if we expect to recover those costs and it would not have incurred those costs if the contract had not been obtained. The Company recognizes an asset from the costs incurred to fulfill a contract if the costs (i) are specifically identifiable to a contract, (ii) enhance resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in future and (iii) are expected to be recovered. There were $3,480 and $3,480 of such assets at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These costs are amortized ratably over the periods of the contracts to which those costs apply.

Financing Components

In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined its contracts do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company’s invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing its products and services, not to receive financing from its customers or to provide customers with financing. Examples include invoicing at the beginning of a software support and maintenance term with revenue recognized ratably over the contract period.

Deferred Costs of Revenue

Deferred costs of revenue consist of the costs of third-party support and maintenance contracts for enterprise server-based software. These costs are reported under the prepaid expenses caption on the Company’s balance sheets. The Company recognizes these direct costs ratably over time as it makes itself available to provide its performance obligation for software support, commensurate with its recognition of revenue. Deferred costs of revenue balances included in prepaid expenses were $294,115 and $300,558 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.