Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization and Business

Information Analysis Incorporated (the “Company” or “IAI”), in conjunction with its subsidiary, is primarily serving the U.S. government as a technology integrator. IAI provides information technology (“IT”) services with a specialized set of capabilities. The Company has a long and successful history of over 40 years. IAI has served many branches of the federal civilian market (Department of Agriculture, Department of Education, Department of Homeland Security, Department of the Treasury, U.S. Small Business Administration), the Department of Defense (U.S. Army and Air Force), and several commercial clients. The Company has performed software development and conversion projects for over 100 commercial and government clients, including the most significant application database modernization undertaking to date by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The Company’s long-standing customer relationships and past performance enable it to apply its expertise to meet customers' mission and provide unique capabilities to the market.

On April 7, 2021, IAI completed the acquisition of Tellenger, Inc. (“Tellenger”), which expands the Company’s capabilities in government priority areas of cyber security, cloud services, complex systems integrations, and data analytics. Tellenger expands and enhances IAI’s portfolio of capabilities through new technology-driven offerings and customers. The expanding customer base includes past and current performance in many branches of the federal civilian market (Department of Homeland Security, Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Commerce, United States Department of Agriculture, National Transportation Safety Administration, and Consumer Product Safety Commission), and the Department of Defense (U.S. Marine Corps). Tellenger advances integrated solid project management solutions with its well-defined metrics-based, Capability Maturity Model Integration/Development (CMMI/DEV) Level 3 independently appraised approach for managing projects (a/k/a Tellenger Integrated Quality [T-IQ]). A proven project management approach to support harnessing a first-class quality system that integrates Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), CMMI, and Project Management Institute (PMI) best practices. This approach is applied to projects in various customer environments and technology solutions.

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 8-03 of Regulation S-X.  Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).  In the opinion of management, the financial statements include all adjustments necessary (which are of a normal and recurring nature) for the fair and not misleading presentation of the results of the interim periods presented.  These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed by the Company with the SEC on March 31, 2021 (the “Annual Report”), as amended.  The accompanying December 31, 2020, balance sheet was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report.  The results of operations for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any other interim period or for a full fiscal year.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Tellenger.  All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. 

The following policies have been added to Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” as a result of activity during the quarter ended June 30, 2021:  Business Combinations and Intangibles and Goodwill.  There have been no additional changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies as of June 30, 2021, as compared to the significant accounting policies disclosed in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, that was filed with the SEC on March 31, 2021.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results can, and in many cases will, differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

See Note 2 for a detailed description of revenue recognition under Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”) and its related amendments (collectively known as “ASC 606”).

Segment Reporting

The Company has assessed its Tellenger subsidiary and has continued to conclude that it operates in one business segment, providing information technology products and services to modernize, secure, and increase functionality of client information systems.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Deposits are maintained with a federally insured bank. Balances at times exceed federally insured limits, but management does not consider this to be a significant concentration of credit risk.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of trade accounts receivable and do not bear interest. The Company typically does not require collateral from its customers. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Accounts with receivable balances past due over 90 days are reviewed individually for collectability. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers. No allowance for doubtful accounts has been recorded at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Furniture and fixtures are depreciated over the lesser of the useful life or five years, off-the-shelf software is depreciated over the lesser of three years or the term of the license, custom software is depreciated over the least of five years, the useful life, or the term of the license, and computer equipment is depreciated over three years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the estimated term of the lease or the estimated life of the improvement, whichever is shorter. Maintenance and minor repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Gains and losses on dispositions are recorded in operations.

Stock-Based Compensation

At December 31, 2020, the Company had the stock-based compensation plans described in Note 6 below.  Total compensation expense related to these plans was $111,862 and $356 for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $139,573 and $806 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  The Company estimates the fair value of options granted using a Black-Scholes valuation model to establish the expense.  When stock-based compensation is awarded to employees, the expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period.  When stock-based compensation is awarded to non-employees, the expense is recognized over the period of performance.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured by applying enacted tax rates and laws for the taxable years in which those differences are expected to reverse. In addition, a valuation allowance is required to be recognized if it is believed more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be fully realized. Authoritative guidance prescribes a recognition threshold of more likely than not, and a measurement attribute for all tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, in order for those positions to be recognized in the financial statements. The Company continually reviews tax laws, regulations and related guidance in order to properly record any uncertain tax liabilities.

The Company has analyzed its income tax positions using the criteria required by GAAP and concluded that as of June 30, 2021, and December 31, 2020, it has no material uncertain tax positions and no interest or penalties have been accrued. The Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $2.7 million, none of which will expire, if unused, on December 31, 2021. The net operating loss carryforwards are offset by a full valuation allowance.

Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company’s income (loss) per share calculations are based upon the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. The dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and other equity instruments are included for purposes of calculating diluted income per share, except for periods when the Company reports a net loss, in which case the inclusion of such equity instruments would be antidilutive. See Note 10 for more details.

Related Party Transactions

The Company’s Director of Human Resources is the spouse of Stan Reese, who served as the Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company through December 31, 2020, and now serves as Chief Executive Officer and President. During the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Director of Human Resources received wages and paid leave distributions totaling $33,300 and $39,953, respectively, and during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Director of Human Resources received wages and paid leave distributions totaling $70,811 and $74,489, respectively, as an employee of the Company.

Business Combinations

The Company applies the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations. The Company recognizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in transactions; establishes the acquisition date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; expenses transaction and restructuring costs; and discloses the information needed to evaluate and understand the nature and financial effect of the business combination.

Intangibles and Goodwill

The Company accounts for goodwill and other intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350.  Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are instead tested for impairment (i) on at least an annual basis and (ii) when changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be below its carrying value.  These circumstances include, but are not limited to, (i) a significant adverse change in the business climate, (ii) unanticipated competition or (iii) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator.  Determining impairment involves estimating the fair value of a reporting unit using a combination of (i) the income or discounted cash flows approach and (ii) the market approach that utilizes comparable companies’ data.  If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the amount of the impairment loss must be measured.  The impairment loss is calculated by comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill to its carrying amount.  In calculating the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit.  The excess of the fair value of a reporting unit over the amount assigned to its other assets and liabilities is the implied value of goodwill.  The Company will recognize impairment loss when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.  IAI’s goodwill totaled $785,000 at June 30, 2021.  There were no identifiable intangible assets at December 31, 2020.

COVID-19

The COVID-19 (coronavirus) outbreak has had a notable impact on general economic conditions, including, but not limited to, the temporary closures of many businesses, “shelter in place” and other governmental regulations, and “work from home” directives. There are many unknowns, and many regional inconsistencies. Notable potential effects on the Company include U.S. government procurements may be delayed or cancelled, work on new or existing contracts that require personal interactions may be suspended, payment processing for customer invoices may be delayed, employees and customers or their families may become infected, and personal business development meetings may not be able to take place. The Company continues to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak closely.

To date, the COVID-19 impact on the Company’s existing business has been minimal. The Company had previously implemented the necessary infrastructure for its employees to work remotely, so it did not experience material issues supporting its customers. The Company rapidly adapted to the challenges presented to its administration, including challenges to management, accounting, and information technology infrastructure. The extent to which business development efforts have been hampered by the inability to meet with potential customers in person is indeterminable. The full extent to which the COVID-19 outbreak will impact the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows over time is uncertain.