UNITED STATES 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 

 Washington, D.C. 20549 

FORM N-Q 

QUARTERLY SCHEDULE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS OF REGISTERED 

MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES 

Investment Company Act File Number: 811-2396 

T. Rowe Price New Income Fund, Inc. 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter) 

100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202 

(Address of principal executive offices) 

David Oestreicher 

100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202 

(Name and address of agent for service) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (410) 345-2000 

Date of fiscal year end: May 31 

Date of reporting period: February 28, 2009 

Item 1. Schedule of Investments

 New Income Fund February 28, 2009 

T. ROWE PRICE NEW INCOME FUND 

Unaudited

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this Portfolio of Investments.

T. Rowe Price New Income Fund
Unaudited

NOTES TO PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS

T. Rowe Price New Income Fund, Inc. (the fund), is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act) as a diversified, open-end management investment company. The fund seeks the highest level of income consistent with the preservation of capital over time by investing primarily in marketable debt securities.

NOTE 1 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Preparation
The accompanying Portfolio of Investments was prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require the use of estimates made by fund management. Fund management believes that estimates and security valuations are appropriate; however, actual results may differ from those estimates, and the security valuations reflected in the Portfolio of Investments may differ from the value the fund receives upon sale of the securities.

Investment Transactions
Investment transactions are accounted for on the trade date.

Currency Translation
Assets, including investments, and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollar values each day at the prevailing exchange rate, using the mean of the bid and asked prices of such currencies against U.S. dollars as quoted by a major bank. Purchases and sales of securities are translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing exchange rate on the date of the transaction.

New Accounting Pronouncements
On June 1, 2008, the fund adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157 (FAS 157), Fair Value Measurements. FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes the framework for measuring fair value, and expands the disclosures of fair value measurements in the financial statements. Adoption of FAS 157 did not have a material impact on the fund’s net assets or results of operations.

In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161 (FAS 161), Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. FAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about derivative and hedging activities, including how such activities are accounted for and their effect on financial position, performance and cash flows. Management is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of FAS 161 will have on the fund’s financial statements and related disclosures.

NOTE 2 - VALUATION

The fund’s investments are reported at fair value as defined under FAS 157. The fund values its investments and computes its net asset value per share at the close of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), normally 4 p.m. ET, each day that the NYSE is open for business.

Valuation Methods
Debt securities are generally traded in the over-the-counter (OTC) market. Securities with remaining maturities of one year or more at the time of acquisition are valued at prices furnished by dealers who make markets in such securities or by an independent pricing service, which considers the yield or price of bonds of comparable quality, coupon, maturity, and type, as well as prices quoted by dealers who make markets in such securities. Securities with remaining maturities of less than one year at the time of acquisition generally use amortized cost in local currency to approximate fair value. However, if amortized cost is deemed not to reflect fair value or the fund holds a significant amount of such securities with remaining maturities of more than 60 days, the securities are valued at prices furnished by dealers who make markets in such securities or by an independent pricing service.

Equity securities listed or regularly traded on a securities exchange or in the OTC market are valued at the last quoted sale price or, for certain markets, the official closing price at the time the valuations are made, except for OTC Bulletin Board securities, which are valued at the mean of the latest bid and asked prices. A security that is listed or traded on more than one exchange is valued at the quotation on the exchange determined to be the primary market for such security. Listed securities not traded on a particular day are valued at the mean of the latest bid and asked prices for domestic securities and the last quoted sale price for international securities.

Investments in mutual funds are valued at the mutual fund’s closing net asset value per share on the day of valuation. Financial futures contracts are valued at closing settlement prices. Forward currency exchange contracts are valued using the prevailing forward exchange rate. Swaps are valued at prices furnished by independent swap dealers or by an independent pricing service.

Other investments, including restricted securities, and those for which the above valuation procedures are inappropriate or are deemed not to reflect fair value are stated at fair value as determined in good faith by the T. Rowe Price Valuation Committee, established by the fund’s Board of Directors.

For valuation purposes, the last quoted prices of non-U.S. equity securities may be adjusted under the circumstances described below. If the fund determines that developments between the close of a foreign market and the close of the NYSE will, in its judgment, materially affect the value of some or all of its portfolio securities, the fund will adjust the previous closing prices to reflect what it believes to be the fair value of the securities as of the close of the NYSE. In deciding whether it is necessary to adjust closing prices to reflect fair value, the fund reviews a variety of factors, including developments in foreign markets, the performance of U.S. securities markets, and the performance of instruments trading in U.S. markets that represent foreign securities and baskets of foreign securities. A fund may also fair value securities in other situations, such as when a particular foreign market is closed but the fund is open. The fund uses outside pricing services to provide it with closing prices and information to evaluate and/or adjust those prices. The fund cannot predict how often it will use closing prices and how often it will determine it necessary to adjust those prices to reflect fair value. As a means of evaluating its security valuation process, the fund routinely compares closing prices, the next day’s opening prices in the same markets, and adjusted prices.

Valuation Inputs
Various inputs are used to determine the value of the fund’s investments. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical securities

Level 2 – observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices (including, but not limited to, quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk)

Level 3 – unobservable inputs

Observable inputs are those based on market data obtained from sources independent of the fund, and unobservable inputs reflect the fund’s own assumptions based on the best information available. The input levels are not necessarily an indication of the risk or liquidity associated with investments at that level. For example, non-U.S. equity securities actively traded in foreign markets generally are reflected in Level 2 despite the availability of closing prices, because the fund evaluates and determines whether those closing prices reflect fair value at the close of the NYSE or require adjustment, as described above. The following table summarizes the fund’s investments, based on the inputs used to determine their values on February 28, 2009:

Following is a reconciliation of the fund’s Level 3 investments for the period ended February 28, 2009:

NOTE 3 - INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS

Consistent with its investment objective, the fund engages in the following practices to manage exposure to certain risks or to enhance performance. The investment objective, policies, program, and risk factors of the fund are described more fully in the fund’s prospectus and Statement of Additional Information.

Restricted Securities
The fund may invest in securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. Prompt sale of such securities at an acceptable price may be difficult and may involve substantial delays and additional costs.

Forward Currency Exchange Contracts
The fund may invest in forward currency exchange contracts under which it is obligated to exchange currencies at specified future dates and exchange rates. Risks arise from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their agreements and from movements in currency values.

Futures Contracts
The fund may invest in futures contracts, which provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another of a specified amount of a specific financial instrument at an agreed upon price, date, time, and place. Risks arise from possible illiquidity of the futures market and from movements in security values and/or interest rates and/orcurrency values.

Swaps
During the period ended February 28, 2009, the fund was a party to interest rate and credit default swaps. The fund may use swaps in an effort to manage exposure to changes in interest rates and credit quality, to adjust overall exposure to certain markets, to enhance total return or protect the value of portfolio securities, to serve as a cash management tool, and/or to adjust portfolio duration or credit exposure.

Interest rate swaps are agreements to exchange cash flows based on the difference between specified interest rates applied to a notional principal amount for a specified period of time. Risks related to the use of interest rate swaps include the potential for unanticipated movements in interest and/or currency rates and the possible failure of a counterparty to perform in accordance with the terms of the swap agreements.

Credit default swaps are agreements where one party (the protection buyer) will make periodic payments to another party (the protection seller) in exchange for protection against specified credit events, such as certain defaults and bankruptcies related to an underlying credit instrument or issuer thereof. Upon occurrence of a specified credit event, the protection seller is required to pay the buyer the difference between the notional amount of the swap and the value of the underlying credit, either in the form of a net cash settlement or by paying the gross notional amount and accepting delivery of the relevant underlying credit. Generally, the payment risk for the seller of protection is inversely related to the current market price of the underlying credit; therefore, the payment risk increases as the price of the relevant underlying credit declines due to market valuations of credit quality. At February 28, 2009, the notional amount of protection sold by the fund totaled $19,580,000 (0.3% of net assets), which reflects the maximum potential amount the fund could be required to pay under such contracts. Risks related to the use of credit default swaps include the possible inability of the fund to accurately assess the current and future creditworthiness of underlying issuers and the possible failure of a counterparty to perform in accordance with the terms of the swap agreements.

Collateral Agreements
The fund has entered collateral agreements with certain counterparties to mitigate counterparty risk on over-the-counter derivatives, including swaps and forward currency exchange contracts. Subject to established minimum levels, collateral is generally determined based on the net aggregate unrealized gain or loss on contracts with a particular counterparty. Collateral pledged to the fund is held in a segregated account by a third-party agent and can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. government or related agencies; collateral posted by the fund is noted in the accompanying Portfolio of Investments. As of February 28, 2009, no collateral was pledged by counterparties for the benefit of the fund and securities valued at $3,811,000 had been posted by the fund for the benefit of counterparties.

NOTE 4 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES

At February 28, 2009, the cost of investments for federal income tax purposes was $7,041,040,000. Net unrealized loss aggregated $313,976,000 at period-end, of which $153,752,000 related to appreciated investments and $467,728,000 related to depreciated investments.

NOTE 5 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The fund may invest in the T. Rowe Price Reserve Investment Fund and the T. Rowe Price Government Reserve Investment Fund (collectively, the T. Rowe Price Reserve Investment Funds), open-end management investment companies managed by T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (Price Associates) and considered affiliates of the fund. The T. Rowe Price Reserve Investment Funds are offered as cash management options to mutual funds, trusts, and other accounts managed by Price Associates and/or its affiliates and are not available for direct purchase by members of the public. The T. Rowe Price Reserve Investment Funds pay no investment management fees.

The fund mayalso invest in certain T. Rowe Price institutional funds (underlying institutional funds) as a means of gaining efficient and cost-effective exposure to certain markets. The underlying institutional funds are open-end management investment companies managed by Price Associates and/or T. Rowe Price International, Inc. (collectively, Price managers), and are considered affiliates of the fund. Each underlying institutional fund pays an all-inclusive management and administrative fee to its Price manager. To ensure that the fund does not incur duplicate fees, each Price manager has agreed to permanently waive a portion ofits management fee charged to the fund, in an amount sufficient to fully offset the fees paid by theunderlying institutional funds related tofund assets invested therein.

Item 2. Controls and Procedures.

(a) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures within 90 days of this filing and have concluded that the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of that date, in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the registrant in this Form N-Q was recorded, processed, summarized, and reported timely.

(b) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer are aware of no change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 3. Exhibits.

Separate certifications by the registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, are attached.

SIGNATURES
	Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment
Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
T. Rowe Price New Income Fund, Inc.
By	/s/ Edward C. Bernard
	Edward C. Bernard
	Principal Executive Officer
Date	April 23, 2009
	Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment
Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of
the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By	/s/ Edward C. Bernard
	Edward C. Bernard
	Principal Executive Officer
Date	April 23, 2009
By	/s/ Gregory K. Hinkle
	Gregory K. Hinkle
	Principal Financial Officer
Date	April 23, 2009