Note 9—Debt

Short Term Borrowings

At June 30, 2016 and 2015, we had $0.0 million and 1.0 million of short-term borrowings outstanding, respectively. At June 30, 2016, we maintained lines of credit of $53.4 million, primarily in India, China, Brazil, Denmark and Israel. At June 30, 2015, we maintained lines of credit of $69.1 million, primarily in India, China, Hungary, Brazil, Denmark and Israel.

We classify our debt based on the contractual maturity dates of the underlying debt instruments. We defer costs associated with debt issuance over the applicable term of the debt. These costs are amortized to Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income.

Issuance of 2.000 Percent Senior Notes

On May 27, 2015, we completed a public offering of €350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes issued by Harman Finance International S.C.A. (“Harman Finance”), which are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Harman. Harman Finance is a wholly-owned finance subsidiary and has no independent activities, assets or operations other than in connection with the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes. The 2.000 Percent Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 2.000 percent per year, payable annually in arrears on May 27 of each year, commencing on May 27, 2016 and will mature on May 27, 2022. The 2.000 Percent Senior Notes were issued at 99.613 percent of par value, reflecting a discount of €1.4 million to the aggregate principal amount, which is being amortized to Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income using the effective interest method, over the term of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes. We incurred €2.6 million of debt issuance costs in connection with the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes which are being amortized to Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income using the effective interest method, over the term of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes. The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes were €346.0 million, net of the discount and debt issuance costs. The effective interest related to the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes, based on the net proceeds received is 2.060 percent. The 2.000 Percent Senior Notes were issued under an indenture, dated as of May 27, 2015, by and between Harman Finance, Harman, as guarantor, and a trustee, as supplemented by the first supplemental indenture, dated as of May 27, 2015, by and among Harman Finance, Harman, as guarantor, and a trustee (as supplemented, the “2.000 Percent Senior Notes Indenture”). All payments of interest and principal, including payments made upon any redemption of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes, will be made in Euros, subject to certain exceptions if the Euro is unavailable.

We used the net proceeds from the offering of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes to repay a portion of indebtedness outstanding under the 2015 Credit Agreement for and the financing of our acquisition of certain automotive assets and liabilities of B&O, with the balance used for general corporate purposes. Refer to Note 2 – Acquisitions for more information.

Issuance of 4.150 Percent Senior Notes

On May 11, 2015, we completed a public offering of $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of U.S. Dollar denominated 4.150 Percent Senior Notes due 2025 (the “4.150 Percent Senior Notes”) issued by Harman. The 4.150 Percent Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.150 percent per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on November 15, 2015, and will mature on May 15, 2025. The 4.150 Percent Senior Notes were issued at 99.336 percent of par value, reflecting a discount of $2.7 million to the aggregate principal amount, which is being amortized to Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income using the effective interest method, over the term of the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes. We incurred $3.8 million of debt issuance costs in connection with the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes which are being amortized to Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income using the effective interest method, over the term of the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes. The net proceeds from the issuance of the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes were $393.5 million, net of the discount and debt issuance costs. The effective interest related to the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes, based on the net proceeds received is 4.232 percent. The 4.150 Percent Senior Notes were issued under an indenture, dated as of May 11, 2015, by and between Harman and a trustee, as supplemented by the first supplemental indenture, dated as of May 11, 2015, by and between Harman and a trustee (as supplemented, the “4.150 Percent Senior Notes Indenture”).

We used the net proceeds from the offering of the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes to repay a portion of indebtedness outstanding under the 2015 Credit Agreement.

2015 Credit Agreement

On March 26, 2015 we and our wholly-owned subsidiary Harman Holding GmbH & Co. KG (“Harman KG”), entered into a Multi-Currency Credit Agreement with a group of banks (the “2015 Credit Agreement”). The 2015 Credit Agreement provides for a five-year unsecured multi-currency revolving credit facility in the amount of $1.2 billion (the “Aggregate Commitment”) with availability in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar of up to $750.0 million. Up to $50.0 million of the Aggregate Commitment is available for letters of credit. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the 2015 Credit Agreement, the Aggregate Commitment may be increased by up to $500.0 million. However, there is presently no commitment for this additional borrowing ability. We may select interest rates for borrowings under the 2015 Credit Agreement equal to (i) the LIBO rate plus an applicable margin, (ii) the EURIBO rate plus an applicable margin, or (iii) a base rate plus an applicable margin, which in each case is based on ratings which are established by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) and Moody’s Investor Services (“Moody’s”). We pay a facility fee on the Aggregate Commitment, whether drawn or undrawn, which is also determined based on our ratings which are established by S&P and Moody’s. Any proceeds from the borrowings under the 2015 Credit Agreement may be used for general corporate purposes.

Upon the signing of the 2015 Credit Agreement, we voluntarily terminated the Multi-Currency Credit Agreement, dated as of October 10, 2012 (the “2013 Credit Agreement”) with a group of banks. No early termination penalties were incurred by us as a result of the termination of the 2013 Credit Agreement. All of the approximately $4.0 million of letters of credit that were previously outstanding under the 2013 Credit Agreement were deemed to be issued and outstanding under the 2015 Credit Agreement.

At June 30, 2016, there was approximately $523.0 million of outstanding borrowings, which are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as Borrowings under revolving credit facility and $4.1 million of outstanding letters of credit under the 2015 Credit Agreement. At June 30, 2016, unused available credit under the 2015 Credit Agreement was $672.9 million.

At June 30, 2015, there was approximately $283.1 million of outstanding borrowings, which are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as Borrowings under revolving credit facility and $4.8 million of outstanding letters of credit under the 2015 Credit Agreement. At June 30, 2015, unused available credit under the 2015 Credit Agreement was $912.1 million. In connection with the 2015 Credit Agreement, we incurred $3.0 million of fees and other expenses, which are included within Other assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2016. These costs are amortized over the term of the 2015 Credit Agreement to Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statement of Income on a straight-line basis. In addition, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2015, we wrote off $0.6 million of debt issuance costs to Interest expense, net, associated with the 2013 Credit Agreement, which represented the portion of these costs that were attributed to the 2013 Credit Agreement.

IS Obligation

On June 22, 2016, we executed an agreement with the 80.05% Shareholders to settle with them the disputed matters related to the contingent purchase price associated with our acquisition of IS that had been submitted to arbitration. Under the terms of the agreement, we will pay the IS Obligation in accordance with the following schedule: an initial payment of €11.8 million ($13.3 million) due in July 2016 and five installment payments of €13 million ($14.4 million) due every July 1^st from 2016 through 2020. The agreement includes an option that if exercised by the 80.05% Shareholders would require us to make selected installment payments early, subject to an eight percent discount rate. The existence of this option effectively makes this obligation due on demand and it has therefore been included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets in Current portion of long-term debt. Until such time as the disputed matters with the remaining shareholders that previously owned 19.95% of IS are resolved, we cannot calculate the contingent purchase price related to the IS acquisition. Amounts due under the IS Obligation have been recorded at their present value in the table below and will be accreted to the ultimate settlement amount of $85.3 million through the effective-interest method. Refer to Note 8-Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net for more information.

Long-Term Debt and Current Portion of Long-Term-Debt

At June 30, 2016 and 2015, long-term debt and current portion of long-term debt consisted of the following:

	Fair Value at June 30, 2016 ⁽¹⁾			Book Value at June 30, 2016			Fair Value at June 30, 2015 ⁽¹⁾			Book Value at June 30, 2015
4.150 Percent Senior Notes	$	417,440		$	400,000		$	393,160		$	400,000
2.000 Percent Senior Notes		390,654			388,710			379,200			389,883
Borrowings under revolving credit facility		523,000			523,000			283,125			283,125
Term facility		-			-			-			-
IS Obligation ⁽²⁾		82,805			82,805			-			-
Capital lease obligations		12,322			12,322			16,325			16,325
Total debt		1,426,221			1,406,837			1,071,810			1,089,333
Current portion of long-term debt ⁽²⁾		(86,641	)		(86,641	)		(4,550	)		(4,550	)
Unamortized debt discount on 4.150 Percent Senior Notes		(2,407	)		(2,407	)		(2,626	)		(2,626	)
Unamortized debt discount on 2.000 Percent Senior Notes		(1,283	)		(1,283	)		(1,490	)		(1,490	)
Total long-term debt	$	1,335,890		$	1,316,506		$	1,063,144		$	1,080,667

⁽¹⁾

The estimated fair value of the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes and the 4.150 Senior Notes were based on a broker quotation (Level 2). Under fair value accounting guidance Level 2 is based on inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

⁽²⁾

Amounts due under the IS Obligation have been recorded at their present value and will be accreted to the ultimate settlement amount of $85.3 million through the effective-interest method (Level 2). We are required to make a lump-sum payment of $13.3 million in July 2016 as well as five payments of $14.4 million due every July 1^st from 2016 through 2020. Because the IS Obligation has an option, which if, exercised requires us to make selected installment payments on demand, it has been included as Current portion of long-term debt. Refer to Note 8-Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net for more information.

At June 30, 2016, long-term debt maturing in each of the next five fiscal years and thereafter is as follows:

2017	$	86,641
2018		2,963
2019		2,064
2020		524,599
2021		1,446
Thereafter		789,124
Total	$	1,406,837

Our existing debt agreements contain provisions that limit our operating and financing activities. The 2015 Credit Agreement contains certain negative covenants that limit, among other things, our ability to permit certain of our subsidiaries to incur debt and the ability of us and our subsidiaries to incur liens, make fundamental changes (including selling all or substantially all of our assets), undertake transactions with affiliates and undertake sale and leaseback transactions. The 2.000 Percent Senior Notes Indenture and the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes Indenture contain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, limit our ability to incur indebtedness secured by principal properties, enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions with respect to principal properties and enter into certain mergers, consolidations and transfers of all or substantially all of the assets of Harman. In addition, the 2015 Credit Agreement contains more restrictive financial covenants that require us to maintain compliance with specified financial ratios. We may have to curtail some of our operations to maintain compliance with the covenants in our existing debt agreements. A violation of any of these covenants could result in a default under our debt agreements, which could permit the lenders to accelerate the repayment of any borrowings outstanding and/or the holders of the notes to direct the trustee to accelerate repayment of amounts outstanding under the notes. A default or acceleration under our debt agreements would result in increased capital costs and could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our results of operations and financial condition. As of June 30, 2016, we were in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the 2015 Credit Agreement, the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes Indenture and the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes Indenture.

Interest

Interest expense is reported net of interest income in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Interest expense, net was $33.5 million, $13.9 million and $8.0 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Gross interest expense was $37.0 million, $16.1 million and $10.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The non-cash portion of interest expense was $2.8 million, $2.8 million and $2.2 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The cash portion of gross interest expense was $34.2 million, $13.3 million and $7.9 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Interest income was $3.5 million, $2.2 million and $2.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Non-cash interest expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 relates to the amortization of the debt discount and debt issuance costs on the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes and the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes and the amortization of debt issuance costs on the 2015 Credit Agreement. Non-cash interest expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2015 relates to the amortization of the debt discount and debt issuance costs on the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes and the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes, and the amortization of debt issuance costs on the 2015 Credit Agreement and the 2013 Credit Agreement. Non-cash interest expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 relates to the amortization of debt issuance costs on the 2013 Credit Agreement.

Cash interest expense in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 primarily relates to interest on the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes, the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes, the 2015 Credit Agreement and our short-term borrowings. Cash interest expense in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2015 primarily relates to interest on the 2.000 Percent Senior Notes, the 4.150 Percent Senior Notes, the 2015 Credit Agreement, the 2013 Credit Agreement and our short-term borrowings. Cash interest expense in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 primarily relates to interest on the 2013 Credit Agreement and our short-term borrowings.

Interest income primarily relates to interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investment balances and the variances from year to year are due to fluctuations in those balances and changes in interest rates.

Cash paid for interest, net of cash received was $30.1 million, $10.9 million and $6.5 million in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.