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SHARE BASED COMPENSATION
3 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2016
SHARE BASED COMPENSATION  
SHARE BASED COMPENSATION

NOTE 12 • SHARE BASED COMPENSATION

Share based awards are provided to officers, non-officer employees and trustees under our 2015 Incentive Plan approved by shareholders on September 15, 2015, which allows for awards in the form of cash and unrestricted and restricted Common Shares, up to an aggregate of 4,250,000 shares, over the ten year period in which the plan will be in effect. Through July 31, 2016, awards under the 2015 Incentive Plan consisted of restricted and unrestricted Common Shares.

Prior to the approval of our 2015 Incentive Plan, share based awards were provided to officers, non-officer employees and trustees under the our 2008 Incentive Award Plan, which was approved by shareholders on September 16, 2008, which allowed for awards in the form of cash and unrestricted and restricted Common Shares, up to an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares, over the period in which the plan will be in effect. Through July 31, 2016, awards under the 2008 Incentive Award Plan consisted of cash and restricted and unrestricted Common Shares.

Long-Term Incentive Plan

Under the 2008 Incentive Award Plan, our officers and non-officer employees could earn share awards under the Long-Term Incentive Program (“LTIP”) adopted pursuant to the plan, which was a backward-looking program that measured performance over a one-year performance period beginning on the first day of each fiscal year. Such awards were payable to the extent deemed earned in shares, 50% of which vested on the last day of the performance period and 50% of which vested on the first anniversary of the end of the performance period. Such awards utilized the sole performance metric of the three-year average of the annual absolute total shareholder return (“TSR”).

Under the 2015 Incentive Plan, our officers and non-officer employees may earn share awards under a revised long-term incentive program, a forward-looking program that measures long-term performance over the stated performance period. Such awards are payable to the extent deemed earned in shares. The terms of the long-term incentive awards granted under the revised program may vary from year to year.

2017 LTIP Awards

Awards granted on June 22, 2016 (“2017 LTIP Awards”) consist of  time-based restricted share awards and performance restricted share awards for 45,651 and 273,901 shares, respectively, that are classified as equity awards. The time-based restricted share awards vest as to one-third of the shares on each June 22, 2017, May 1, 2018 and May 1, 2019.  We recognize compensation expense associated with the time-based restricted share awards ratably over the requisite service periods.

The performance restricted share awards are earned based on our TSR as compared to the MSCI US REIT Index over a forward looking three-year period. The maximum number of shares that are eligible to be earned are the shares that were granted. Earned awards (if any) will fully vest as of the last day of the measurement period. These awards have market conditions in addition to service conditions that must be met for the awards to vest. We recognize compensation expense ratably based on the grant date fair value, as determined using the Monte Carlo valuation model, and regardless of whether the market conditions are achieved and the performance restricted share awards ultimately vest. Therefore, previously recorded compensation expense is not adjusted in the event that the market conditions are not achieved. The assumptions used to value the performance restricted share awards were an expected volatility of 23.8%, a risk-free interest rate of 0.86% and an expected life of 2.85 years. We based the expected volatility on the historical volatility of our daily closing share price. The share price at the grant date, June 22, 2016, was $6.24.  We based the risk-free interest rate on the interest rates on U.S. treasury bonds with a maturity equal to the remaining performance period of the award. We based the expected term on the performance period of the performance restricted share award.

2016 LTIP Awards

To accommodate the transition from the 2008 Incentive Award Plan to the 2015 Incentive Plan, performance periods for such awards granted on September 16, 2015 (“2016 LTIP Awards”) included one-year, two-year and three-year periods beginning on May 1, 2015. The 2016 LTIP Awards utilize the performance metrics of relative TSR for 67% of the award and absolute TSR for 33% of the award, and earned shares vest 50% at the conclusion of the performance period and 50% on the first anniversary of the end of the performance period. The 2016 LTIP Awards for performance periods of one, two and three years were 380,498 353,535 and 353,535 shares, respectively.

In connection with the 3-year 2016 LTIP Awards, we recognize compensation expense ratably (over 31.5 months for the 50% unrestricted shares and over 43.5 months for the 50% restricted shares) based on the grant date fair value, as determined using a binomial model employing the Monte Carlo simulation, and regardless of whether the market conditions are achieved and the 2016 LTIP Awards ultimately vest.  The market conditions utilized for the 2016 LTIP Awards are absolute TSR (1/3 weighting) and relative TSR measured against the MSCI US REIT Index (2/3 weighting). The assumptions used to value the 2016 LTIP Awards were an expected volatility of 16.6%, a risk-free interest rate of 1.13% and an expected life of 3 years.  We based the expected volatility on the historical volatility of our daily closing share price. The share price at the grant date, September 16, 2015, was $7.13.  We based the risk-free interest rate on the interest rates on U.S. treasury bonds with a maturity equal to the remaining performance period of the 2016 LTIP Award. We based the expected term on the performance period of the 2016 LTIP Award.

Trustee Awards

We award share-based compensation to our non-management trustees on an annual basis. Awards for 59,000 shares granted on June 22, 2016 consisted of time-based restricted share awards that vest on May 1, 2017. We recognize compensation expense associated with the time-based restricted share awards ratably over the requisite service periods.

Total Compensation Expense

Share-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated financial statements for all outstanding share based awards was approximately $262,000 and $66,000 for the three months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.