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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of statutory federal income tax rate to effective income tax rate
A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate for continuing operations is as follows:
 
2018

2017

2016
Statutory federal income tax rate
21.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
State income taxes, net of federal effect
3.2
 %
 
2.3
 %
 
2.9
 %
Unconsolidated affiliate tax
0.1
 %
 
0.9
 %
 
4.2
 %
Tax expense (benefit) due to federal tax reform
1.2
 %
 
(20.3
)%
 
 %
Excess tax benefit from share-based awards
(2.2
)%
 
(3.6
)%
 
 %
Sale of business
1.3
 %
 
 %
 
 %
Domestic production activities deduction
 %
 
(2.0
)%
 
(3.0
)%
Other, net
(0.3
)%
 
(0.7
)%
 
(0.5
)%
Effective income tax rate
24.3
 %
 
11.6
 %
 
38.6
 %
Schedule of income tax provision for continuing operations
The income tax provision (benefit) for continuing operations was as follows:
(In millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
189

 
$
342

 
$
402

State
39

 
44

 
53

Foreign
17

 
19

 
16

 
245

 
405

 
471

Deferred:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
110

 
(250
)
 
21

State
24

 
3

 
5

Foreign
(1
)
 

 
(5
)
 
133

 
(247
)
 
21

Income tax provision
$
378

 
$
158

 
$
492

Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following at December 31:
(In millions)
2018

2017
Accrued expenses
$
74

 
$
39

Interest rate hedge contracts
5

 
9

Share-based compensation
43

 
40

Net operating loss and credit carry-forwards
131

 
131

Deferred revenue
11

 
17

Other
14

 
7

Subtotal
278

 
243

Valuation allowance
(101
)
 
(103
)
Total deferred tax assets
177

 
140

 
 
 
 
Capitalized software development costs
(129
)
 
(117
)
Intangible assets
(437
)
 
(455
)
Property and equipment
(66
)
 
(49
)
Capitalized commissions
(80
)
 

Investment in joint ventures
(78
)
 

Other
(112
)
 
(48
)
Total deferred tax liabilities
(902
)
 
(669
)
Total
$
(725
)
 
$
(529
)
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reported in the consolidated balance sheets as follows at December 31:
(In millions)
2018
 
2017
Noncurrent assets
$
20

 
$
23

Noncurrent liabilities
(745
)
 
(552
)
Total
$
(725
)
 
$
(529
)
Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits
Unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:
(In millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Unrecognized tax benefits - Beginning of year
$
42

 
$
45

 
$
54

Increases for tax positions taken during the current year
3

 
11

 
9

Increases for tax positions taken in prior years
20

 
2

 
1

Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years
(8
)
 
(15
)
 
(15
)
Decreases for settlements

 
(1
)
 
(2
)
Lapse of the statute of limitations
(8
)
 

 
(2
)
Unrecognized tax benefits - End of year
$
49

 
$
42

 
$
45