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Allowance for Loan Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Allowance For Loan Losses [Abstract]  
Allowance for Loan Losses
Note 4:                      Allowance for Loan Losses, Nonperforming Assets and Impaired Loans
 
The allowance for loan losses methodology incorporates individual evaluation of impaired loans and collective evaluation of groups of non-impaired loans. The Company performs ongoing analysis of the loan portfolio to determine credit quality and to identify impaired loans. Credit quality is rated based on the loan’s payment history, the borrower’s current financial situation and value of the underlying collateral.
Impaired loans are those loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructure (“TDR” or “restructure”) and larger, non-homogeneous loans that are in nonaccrual or exhibit payment history or financial status that indicate the probability that collection will not occur according to the loan’s terms. Generally, impaired loans are risk rated “classified” or “other assets especially mentioned.” Impaired loans are measured at the lower of the invested amount or the fair market value. Impaired loans with an impairment loss are designated nonaccrual. Please refer to Note 1 of the Company’s 2011 Form 10-K, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information on evaluation of impaired loans and associated specific reserves, and policies regarding nonaccruals, past due status and charge-offs.
Troubled debt restructurings impact the estimation of the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses. If the restructuring included forgiveness of a portion of principal or accrued interest, the charge-off is included in the historical charge-off rates applied to the collective evaluation methodology. Further, restructured loans are individually evaluated for impairment, with amounts below fair value accrued in the allowance for loan losses. TDRs that experience a payment default are examined to determine whether the default indicates collateral dependency or cash flows below those that were included in the fair value measurement. TDRs, as well as all impaired loans, that are determined to be collateral dependent or for which decreased cash flows indicate a decline in fair value are charged down to fair value.
The Company evaluated characteristics in the loan portfolio and determined major segments and smaller classes within each segment for application of the allowance for loan losses methodology. These characteristics include collateral type, repayment sources, and (if applicable) the borrower’s business model.

Change in Portfolio Segments and Classes
During the first quarter of 2012, the Company revised its basis for determining segments and classes for the allowance for loan losses. In previous periods, the loan portfolio was segmented primarily by repayment source, whereas beginning with the first quarter of 2012 disaggregation is based primarily upon collateral type for secured loans and borrower type or repayment terms for unsecured loans. This aligns the allowance categories with those used for financial statements and other notes, providing greater uniformity and comparability. Consistent with accounting guidance, prior periods have not been restated and are shown as originally published using the segments and classes in effect for the period. These changes had an insignificant effect on the calculation of the balance in the allowance for loan losses.
The segments and classes used in determining the allowance for loan losses, beginning with the first quarter of 2012 are as follows.

Real Estate Construction
Construction, residential
Construction, other
 
Consumer Real Estate
Equity lines
Residential closed-end first liens
Residential closed-end junior liens
 
Commercial Real Estate
Multifamily real estate
Commercial real estate, owner occupied
Commercial real estate, other
 
Commercial Non Real Estate
Commercial and Industrial
 
Public Sector and IDA
Public sector and IDA
 
Consumer Non Real Estate
Credit cards
Automobile
Other consumer loans



 
11

 


Prior to the first quarter of 2012, the Company’s segments and classes were as follows:

Consumer Real Estate
Equity lines
Closed-end consumer real estate
Consumer construction
 
Consumer, Non Real Estate
Credit cards
Consumer, general
Consumer overdraft
 
Commercial & Industrial
Commercial & industrial
 
Construction, Development and Land
Residential
Commercial
Commercial Real Estate
College housing
Office/Retail space
Nursing homes
Hotels
Municipalities
Medical professionals
Religious organizations
Convenience stores
Entertainment and sports
Nonprofits
Restaurants
General contractors
Other commercial real estate

Risk factors are analyzed for each class to estimate collective reserves. Factors include allocations for the historical charge-off percentage and changes in national and local economic and business conditions, in the nature and volume of the portfolio, in loan officers’ experience and in loan quality. Increased allocations for the risk factors applied to each class are made for special mention and classified loans. The Company allocates additional reserves for “high risk” loans, determined to be junior lien mortgages, high loan-to-value loans and interest-only loans.

A detailed analysis showing the allowance roll-forward by portfolio segment and related loan balance by segment follows:

 
Activity in the Allowance for Loan Losses for the three months ended March 31, 2012
 
Real Estate Construction
 
Consumer Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial Non Real Estate
 
Public Sector and IDA
 
Consumer Non Real Estate
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2011
$
1,079
 
$
1,245
 
$
3,515
 
 
$
 
1,473
 
$
232
 
$
403
 
$
121
 
$
8,068
 
Charge-offs
 
---
   
(95
)
 
(537
)
 
---
   
---
   
(68
)
 
---
  
(700
)
Recoveries
 
---
   
---
   
---
  
---
   
---
   
23
   
---
  
23
 
Provision for loan losses
 
(405
)
 
1,102
   
242
  
(347
)
 
(147
)
 
124
   
103
  
672
 
Balance, March 31, 2012
$
674
 
$
2,252
 
$
3,220
 
 
$
 
1,126
 
$
85
 
$
482
 
$
224
 
$
8,063
 


   
Activity in the Allowance for Loan Losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Consumer Real Estate
  
Consumer Non Real Estate
  
Commercial Real Estate
  
Commercial & Industrial
  
Construction, Development & Other Land
  
 
Unallocated
  
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2010
 $1,059  $586  $4,033  $1,108  $749  $129  $7,664 
Charge-offs
  (36)  (90)  (118)  ---   ---   ---   (244)
Recoveries
  7   18   ---   ---   ---   ---   25 
Provision for loan losses
  72   (50)  740   113   (59)  (16)  800 
Balance, March 31,  2011
 $1,102  $464  $4,655  $1,221  $690  $113  $8,245 


 
12

 


 
Allowance for Loan Losses as of March 31, 2012
 
 
Real Estate Construction
 
Consumer Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial Non Real Estate
 
Public Sector and IDA
 
Consumer Non Real Estate
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
13
 
$
169
 
$
42
 
 
$
 
361
 
$
---
 
$
8
 
$
---
 
$
593
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
 
661
  
2,083
  
3,178
  
 
765
   
85
  
474
  
224
  
7,470
 
Total
$
674
 
$
2,252
 
$
3,220
 
$
1,126
 
$
85
 
$
482
 
$
224
 
$
8,063
 


 
Allowance for Loan Losses as of December 31, 2011
 
 
Consumer Real Estate
 
Consumer Non Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial & Industrial
 
Construction, Development & Other Land
 
Unallocated
  
Total
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $---  $---  $1,014  $62  $47  $---  $1,123 
Collectively  evaluated for impairment
  1,052   401   3,497   973   901   121   6,945 
Total
 $1,052  $401  $4,511  $1,035  $948  $121  $8,068 


 
Loans as of March 31, 2012
 
 
Real Estate Construction
 
Consumer Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial Non Real Estate
 
Public Sector and IDA
 
Consumer Non Real Estate
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $6,367  $1,055  $4,849  $649  $---  $67  $---  $12,987 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
  41,899   146,257   297,062    39,349   15,263   31,747   ---   571,577 
Total
 $48,266  $147,312  $301,911  $39,998  $15,263  $31,814  $---  $584,564 
 
 

 
Loans as of December 31, 2011
 
 
Consumer Real Estate
 
Consumer Non Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial & Industrial
 
Construction, Development & Other Land
 
Unallocated
  
Total
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $238  $---  $9,067  $139  $3,152  $---  $12,596 
Collectively  evaluated for impairment
  109,843   29,707   357,507   37,584   41,233   ---   575,874 
Total
 $110,081  $29,707  $366,574  $37,723  $44,385  $---  $588,470 



 
13

 


A summary of ratios for the allowance for loan losses follows:

   
Three Months ended
March 31,
   Year ended December 31,
 
   
2012
    
2011
   
2011
 
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to the end of period loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees
   
1.38
%
  
1.40
%
  
1.37
%
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees(1)
   
0.46
%
  
0.15
%
  
0.43
%

(1)  
Net charge-offs are on an annualized basis.

A summary of nonperforming assets follows:

   
March 31,
  December 31,
 
   
2012
  
2011
  
2011
 
Nonperforming assets:
          
Nonaccrual loans
 $1,789  $2,339   $1,398 
Restructured loans in nonaccrual
  3,539   5,314    3,806 
Total nonperforming loans
  5,328   7,653    5,204 
Other real estate owned, net
  940   2,222    1,489 
Total nonperforming assets
 $6,268  $9,875   $6,693 
Ratio of nonperforming assets to loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees, plus other real estate owned
  1.07%  1.67
%
  1.13
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans(1)
  151.33%  107.74
%
  155.03
%

(1)           The Company defines nonperforming loans as total nonaccrual and restructured loans that are nonaccrual.  Loans 90 days past due and still accruing and accruing restructured loans are excluded.

A summary of loans past due 90 days or more and impaired loans follows:

   
March 31,
  
December 31,
 
   
2012
  
2011
  
2011
 
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing
 $210  $1,078  $481 
Ratio of loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing to loans, net of unearned income and deferred fees
  0.04%  0.18%  0.08%
Accruing restructured loans
 $3,742  $884  $3,756 
Impaired loans:
            
Impaired loans with no valuation allowance
 $9,933  $---  $5,505 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance
  3,054   7,084   7,091 
Total impaired loans
 $12,987  $7,084  $12,596 
Valuation allowance
  (593)  (1,256)  (1,123)
Impaired loans, net of allowance
 $12,394  $5,828  $11,473 
Average recorded investment in impaired loans(1)
 $14,555  $7,690  $8,734 
Interest income recognized on impaired loans, after designation as impaired
 $24  $20  $141 
Amount of income recognized on a cash basis
 $---  $---  $--- 

(1)            Recorded investment includes principal, accrued interest and net deferred fees.

Nonaccrual loans that meet the Company’s balance thresholds are designated as impaired. No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, respectively.
 
 
 
14

 

 
A detailed analysis of investment in impaired loans, associated reserves and interest income recognized, segregated by loan class follows:

   
Impaired Loans as of March 31, 2012
 
   
Principal Balance
  
(A)
Total Recorded Investment(1)
  
Recorded Investment(1) in (A) for Which There is No Related Allowance
  
Recorded Investment(1) in (A) for Which There is a Related Allowance
  
Related Allowance
 
Real Estate Construction
               
Construction, residential
 $1,256  $1,251  $1,251  $---  $--- 
Construction, other
  5,111   5,102   3,480   1,622   13 
Consumer Real Estate
                    
Equity lines
  ---   ---   ---   ---   --- 
Residential closed-end first liens
  798   800   525   275   60 
Residential closed-end junior liens
  257   258   110   148   109 
Commercial Real Estate
                    
Multifamily real estate
  529   529   529   ---   --- 
Commercial real estate, owner occupied
  4,320   4,334   3,909   425   42 
Commercial real estate, other
  ---   ---   ---   ---   --- 
Commercial Non Real Estate
                    
Commercial and industrial
  649   649   121   528   361 
Public Sector and IDA
                    
Public sector and IDA
  ---   ---   ---   ---   --- 
Consumer Non Real Estate
                    
Credit cards
  ---   ---   ---   ---   --- 
Automobile
  ---   ---   ---   ---   --- 
Other consumer loans
  67   67   ---   67   8 
Total
 $12,987  $12,990  $9,925  $3,065  $593 

(1)           Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance and any accrued interest and net deferred fees.

 
15

 


   
Impaired Loans as of December 31, 2011
 
   
Unpaid Principal Balance
  
(A)
Total Recorded Investment(1)
  
Recorded Investment(1) in (A) for Which There is No Related Allowance
  
Recorded Investment(1) in (A) for Which There is a Related Allowance
  
Related Allowance
 
Consumer Real Estate(2)
               
Closed-end Consumer Real Estate
 $237  $237  $237  $---  $--- 
Commercial Real Estate(2)
                    
College Housing
  366   366   366   ---   --- 
Office & Retail
  3,500   3,500   ---   3,500   57 
Hotel
  3,319   3,320   2,794   526   16 
Medical Professionals
  66   67   ---   67   66 
General Contractors
  703   703   176   527   402 
Other commercial real estate
  1,113   1,112   425   687   474 
Commercial & Industrial(2)
                    
Commercial & Industrial
  139   139   ---   139   62 
Construction, Development and Land(2)
                    
Residential
  2,901   2,912   1,256   1,656   46 
Commercial
  252   252   252   ---   --- 
Total
 $12,596  $12,608  $5,506  $7,102  $1,123 

(1)           Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance and any accrued interest and net deferred fees.
(2)  Only classes with impaired loans are shown.

 
16

 


The following tables show the average investment and interest income recognized for impaired loans.

   
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
 
   
Average Recorded Investment(1)
  
Interest Income Recognized
 
Real Estate Construction
      
Construction, residential
 $1,514  $--- 
Construction, other
  5,891   10 
Consumer Real Estate
        
Equity lines
  997   --- 
Residential closed-end first liens
  258   --- 
Residential closed-end junior liens
  ---   --- 
Commercial Real Estate
        
Multifamily real estate
  529   --- 
Commercial real estate, owner occupied
  4,627   14 
Commercial real estate, other
  ---   --- 
Commercial Non Real Estate
        
Commercial and industrial
  671   --- 
Public Sector and IDA
        
Public sector and IDA
  ---   --- 
Consumer Non Real Estate
        
Credit cards
  ---   --- 
Automobile
  ---   --- 
Other consumer
  68   --- 
Total
 $14,555  $24 

(1)           Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance and any accrued interest and net deferred fees.

   
Average Investment and Interest Income of Impaired Loans For the Year Ended
 
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Average Recorded Investment(1)
  
Interest Income Recognized
 
Consumer Real Estate(2)
      
Closed-end Consumer Real Estate
 $450  $3 
Commercial Real Estate(2)
        
College Housing
  281   7 
Office & retail
  292   --- 
Hotel
  3,445   41 
Medical Professionals
  67   5 
General Contractors
  112   4 
Other commercial real estate
  1,139   24 
Commercial & Industrial(2)
        
Commercial & Industrial
  553   --- 
Construction, Development and Land(2)
        
Residential
  2,143   49 
Commercial
  252   8 
Total
 $8,734  $141 

 
(1)   Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance and any accrued interest and net deferred fees.
(2)  Only classes with impaired loans are shown.
 
 
 
17

 
 
An analysis of past due and nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2012 follows:

   
30 – 89 Days Past Due
  
90 or More Days Past Due
  
90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing
  
Nonaccruals (Including Impaired Nonaccruals)
 
Real Estate Construction
            
Construction, Residential
 $---  $1,256  $---  $1,256 
Construction, Other
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Consumer Real Estate
                
Equity Lines
  200   ---   ---   --- 
Residential closed-end first liens
  1,404   556   163   717 
Residential closed-end junior liens
  172   35   ---   182 
Commercial Real Estate
                
Multifamily Real Estate
  1,334   250   ---   529 
Commercial Real Estate, Owner Occupied
  1,605   1,413   36   1,991 
Commercial Real Estate, Other
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Commercial Non Real Estate
                
Commercial and Industrial
  45   489   5   586 
Public Sector and IDA
                
Public Sector and IDA
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Consumer Non Real Estate
                
Credit Cards
  3   1   1   --- 
Automobile
  186   5   5   --- 
Other Consumer Loans
  94   67   ---   67 
Total
 $5,043  $4,072  $210  $5,328 


 
18

 


December 31, 2011
          
   
30 – 89 Days Past Due
  
90 or More Days Past Due
  
90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing
  
Nonaccruals (Including Impaired Nonaccruals)
 
Consumer Real Estate
            
Equity Lines
 $---  $---  $---  $--- 
Closed-ended Consumer Real Estate
  1,735   658   346   313 
Consumer Construction
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Consumer Non-Real Estate
                
Credit Cards
  26   8   8   --- 
Consumer General
  270   38   38   --- 
Consumer Overdraft
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Commercial Real Estate
                
College Housing
  452   250   ---   250 
Office/Retail
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Nursing Homes
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Hotels
  616   526   ---   1,397 
Municipalities
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Medical Professionals
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Religious Organizations
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Convenience Stores
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Entertainment and Sports
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Nonprofits
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
Restaurants
  ---   ---   ---   --- 
General Contractors
  103   ---   ---   703 
Other Commercial Real Estate
  815   488   63   1,112 
Commercial and Industrial
                
Commercial and Industrial
  31   26   26   139 
Construction, Development and Land
                
Residential
  ---   1,290   ---   1,290 
Commercial
  252   ---   ---   --- 
Total
 $4,300  $3,284  $481  $5,204 

The estimate of credit risk for non-impaired loans is obtained by applying allocations for internal and external factors.  The allocations are increased for loans that exhibit greater credit quality risk.
Credit quality indicators, which the Company terms risk grades, are assigned through the Company’s credit review function for larger loans and selective review of loans that fall below credit review thresholds.  Loans that do not indicate heightened risk are graded as “pass.” Loans that appear to have elevated credit risk because of frequent or persistent past due status, which is less than 75 days, or that show weakness in the borrower’s financial condition are risk graded “special mention.”  Loans with frequent or persistent delinquency exceeding 75 days or that have a higher level of weakness in the borrower’s financial condition are graded “classified.” Classified loans have regulatory risk ratings of “substandard” and “doubtful.”   Allocations are increased by 50% and by 100% for loans with grades of “special mention” and “classified,” respectively.
Determination of risk grades was completed for the portfolio as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 and December 31. 2011.

 
19

 


The following displays non-impaired loans by credit quality indicator:

March 31, 2012
   
Pass
  
Special
Mention
  
Classified (Excluding Impaired)
 
Real Estate Construction
         
Construction, 1-4 Family Residential
 $12,763  $---  $--- 
Construction, Other
  26,175   2,961   --- 
Consumer Real Estate
            
Equity Lines
  18,845   200   --- 
Closed-End First Liens
  117,866   566   1,682 
Closed-End, Junior Liens
  6,813   5   279 
Commercial Real Estate
            
Multifamily Residential Real Estate
  29,839   1,232   164 
Commercial RE Owner-Occupied
  167,227   ---   1,510 
Commercial RE Non Owner-Occupied
  93,920   3,170   --- 
Commercial Non Real Estate
            
C & I, Non Real Estate
  39,182   16   152 
Public Sector and IDA
            
States & Political Subdivisions
  15,263   ---   --- 
Consumer Non Real Estate
            
Credit Cards
  6,319   ---   --- 
Automobile
  12,548   95   73 
Other Consumer
  12,669   9   34 
Total
 $559,429  $8,254  $3,894 


 
20

 


December 31, 2011
   
Pass
  
Special
Mention
  
Classified
(Excluding Impaired)
 
Consumer Real Estate
         
Equity Lines
 $17,971  $---  $14 
Closed-ended Consumer Real Estate
  87,882   595   1,332 
Consumer Construction
  2,050   ---   --- 
Consumer Non-Real Estate
            
Credit Cards
  6,594   ---   1 
Consumer General
  22,679   42   105 
Consumer Overdraft
  285   ---   1 
Commercial Real Estate
            
College Housing
  88,157   452   215 
Office/Retail
  73,106   420   267 
Nursing Homes
  16,173   ---   --- 
Hotel
  24,498   ---   616 
Municipalities
  19,230   ---   --- 
Medical Professionals
  18,577   ---   --- 
Religious Organizations
  15,852   ---   --- 
Convenience Stores
  10,519   ---   --- 
Entertainment and Sports
  7,346   ---   --- 
Nonprofit
  3,265   3,170   --- 
Restaurants
  6,138   ---   387 
General Contractors
  4,550   109   247 
Other Commercial Real Estate
  63,422   ---   790 
Commercial and Industrial
            
Commercial and Industrial
  37,252   196   137 
Construction, Development and Land
            
Residential
  15,732   ---   --- 
Commercial
  22,409   2,961   130 
Total
 $563,687  $7,945  $4,242 

Sales, Purchases and Reclassification of Loans
The Company finances mortgages under “best efforts” contracts with mortgage purchasers.  The mortgages are designated as held for sale upon initiation.  There have been no major reclassifications from portfolio loans to held for sale.  Occasionally, the Company purchases or sells participations in loans.  All participation loans purchased met the Company’s normal underwriting standards at the time the participation was entered.  Participation loans are included in the appropriate portfolio balances to which the allowance methodology is applied.

 
21

 


Troubled Debt Restructurings

The Company modified loans that were classified troubled debt restructurings during the three months ended March 31, 2012.  The following table present restructurings by class that occurred during the period.

Note: only classes with restructured loans are presented.

   
Restructurings that occurred during the three months ended
March 31, 2012
 
   
Number of Contracts
  
Pre-Modification Outstanding Principal Balance
  
Post-Modification Outstanding Principal Balance
  
Impairment Accrued
 
Consumer Real Estate
            
Closed-end first liens
  3  $305  $324  $47 
Closed-end junior liens
  1   143   147   109 
Commercial Real Estate
                
Commercial real estate, owner occupied
  1   17   22   --- 
Total
  5  $465  $493  $156 

The modifications provided payment relief primarily by extending maturity dates without reducing interest rates or amounts owed.  Restructured loans are designated impaired and measured for impairment. Of the consumer real estate loans summarized above, two were loans previously modified and reported as troubled debt restructurings in prior quarters.  The Company granted additional modifications in the first quarter of 2012, increasing the balance by $10 from December 31, 2011. The loans restructured in the current period are secured by real estate and the impairment measurement is based upon the fair value (reduced by selling costs) of the underlying collateral.  The impairment measurement resulted in $156 accrued to the allowance for loan losses.
The following table presents restructured loans that were modified between the dates of April 1, 2011 and March 31, 2012 and that experienced payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2012.  The company defines default as one or more payments that occur more than 30 days past the due date.

   
Number of Contracts
  
Principal Balance
  
Impairment Accrued
 
Consumer Real Estate
         
Closed-end first liens
  1  $17  $--- 
Commercial Real Estate
            
Multifamily
  1   250   --- 
Commercial Non Real Estate
            
Commercial and industrial
  1   58   --- 
Consumer Non Real Estate
            
Other consumer
  1   67   8 
Total
  4  $392  $8 

Of the restructured loans that experienced a payment delay of 30 days or more during the period, $267 are secured by real estate.  The remaining restructured loans that experienced payment default during the period are secured by collateral other than real estate. The impairment measurement is based upon the fair value of the underlying collateral and as such, was not significantly affected by the payment default.  All of the above loans are in nonaccrual status.