Accounting Policies	6 Months Ended
Jun. 28, 2020
Accounting Policies
Accounting Policies	2. Accounting Policies The significant accounting policies used in preparation of these consolidated financial statements for the second quarter ended June 28, 2020 are consistent with those discussed in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)-Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract.” ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This guidance requires an entity in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2020, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326).” ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under current Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires the use of a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivable, loans, and other financial instruments. The financial assets for which this standard is applicable on the Company’s balance sheet are accounts receivable and contract assets. The standard requires the Company to pool financial assets based on similar risk and economic characteristics and estimate expected credit losses over the contractual life of the asset. This standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The standard requires a modified retrospective approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2020, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. Accounting Standards Updates In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting." The amendments provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating its contracts and the optional expedients provided by the new standard. Shipping and Handling Shipping and handling costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses amounted to $12.5 million and $14.6 million for the second quarters of 2020 and 2019, respectively, and were $26.5 million and $28.5 million for the first six months of 2020 and 2019, respectively. Research and Development Research and development costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses amounted to $9.8 million and $9.5 million for the second quarters of 2020 and 2019, respectively, and were $21.3 million and $18.8 million for the first six months of 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 28, 2020

2. Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies used in preparation of these consolidated financial statements for the second quarter ended June 28, 2020 are consistent with those discussed in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)-Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract.” ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing

implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This guidance requires an entity in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2020, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326).” ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under current Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires the use of a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivable, loans, and other financial instruments. The financial assets for which this standard is applicable on the Company’s balance sheet are accounts receivable and contract assets. The standard requires the Company to pool financial assets based on similar risk and economic characteristics and estimate expected credit losses over the contractual life of the asset. This standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The standard requires a modified retrospective approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2020, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Accounting Standards Updates

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting." The amendments provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating its contracts and the optional expedients provided by the new standard.

Shipping and Handling

Shipping and handling costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses amounted to $12.5 million and $14.6 million for the second quarters of 2020 and 2019, respectively, and were $26.5 million and $28.5 million for the first six months of 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Research and Development

Research and development costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses amounted to $9.8 million and $9.5 million for the second quarters of 2020 and 2019, respectively, and were $21.3 million and $18.8 million for the first six months of 2020 and 2019, respectively.