INVESTMENTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Equity Investments without Readily Determinable Fair Values

Our strategic equity investments without readily determinable fair values primarily consists of our investment in MLSI, a transportation management systems company. MLSI is developing a cloud-based transportation management system using MLSI's SaaS technology which we have agreed to license. These investments are being accounted for under ASC 321 using the measurement alternative, and are recorded in other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in the values of these investments based on events that occur that would indicate the values have changed, in loss (gain) on investments in equity securities on the consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the value of our investment in MLSI was $89.8 million and $86.8 million, respectively, and the value of our other equity investments without readily determinable fair values was $316 thousand and $250 thousand, respectively.

The following table summarizes the activity related to our equity investments without readily determinable fair values during the periods presented (in thousands):


	Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Investment in equity securities	$	3,066	$	20,250	$	5,000
Upward adjustments (1)	—		28,638		28,151

(1) During 2022 and 2021, investments by third parties resulted in the remeasurements of our investment in MLSI. Our updated investment values were based upon the prices paid by third parties.

As of December 31, 2023, cumulative upward adjustments on our equity securities without readily determinable fair values totaled $56.8 million.

Equity Investments with Readily Determinable Fair Values

We own strategic minority equity investments in autonomous technology companies, which are being accounted for under ASC 321 and are recorded in other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in the value of these investments, based on the share prices reported by Nasdaq, in loss (gain) on investments in equity securities on the consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the value of these investments was $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively. For additional information regarding the fair value of these equity investments, see Note 6 – Fair Value.

The following table summarizes the activity related to our equity investments with readily determinable fair values during the periods presented (in thousands):


	Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Loss (gain) on investments in equity securities, net	$	278	$	16,443	$	(12,166)
Portion of unrealized loss (gain) for the period related to equity securities still held at the reporting date	$	270	$	16,443	$	(12,166)

Equity Method Investment

In January 2023, we committed to make a $20.0 million investment in Autotech Fund III (the “Fund”) pursuant to a limited partnership agreement. The Fund is managed by Autotech Ventures, a venture capital firm focused on ground transportation technology. Our interest, which represents an ownership percentage of less than 20%, is being accounted for under ASC 323, “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures.” As a limited partner, we will make periodic capital contributions toward this total commitment amount. We contributed $3.4 million to the Fund during the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the value of our investment in the Fund was $2.3 million and is recorded in other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The carrying amount of the Fund as of December 31, 2023 approximates its fair value as of September 30, 2023, as this is the most recent information available to us at this time. We recognized a loss of $1.0 million from the Fund for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is reported in loss from equity method investment on the consolidated statements of income.