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Collaboration, License and Other Strategic Agreements
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Collaboration, License and Other Strategic Agreements
COLLABORATION, LICENSE AND OTHER STRATEGIC AGREEMENTS
Our commercial strategy includes expanding our portfolio through the in-license or acquisition of additional pharmaceutical products or companies, including revenue-generating commercial products and late-state development assets. As of March 31, 2017, we were a party to the following collaborations and license agreements:
Palatin
On January 8, 2017, we entered into a license agreement (the “Palatin License Agreement”) with Palatin Technologies, Inc. (“Palatin”) under which we acquired (a) an exclusive license in all countries of North America (the “Palatin Territory”), with the right to grant sub-licenses, to research, develop and commercialize bremelanotide and any other products containing bremelanotide (collectively, the “Bremelanotide Products”), an investigational product designed to be an on-demand treatment for HSDD in pre-menopausal women, (b) a worldwide non-exclusive license, with the right to grant sub-licenses, to manufacture the Bremelanotide Products, and (c) a non-exclusive license in all countries outside the Palatin Territory, with the right to grant sub-licenses, to research, develop and manufacture (but not commercialize) the Bremelanotide Products. Following the satisfaction of the conditions to closing under the Palatin License Agreement, the transaction closed on February 2, 2017. We accounted for the Palatin License Agreement as an asset acquisition as a result of our early adoption of ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business.

Under the terms of the Palatin License Agreement, in February 2017 we paid Palatin $60.0 million as a one-time upfront payment and will reimburse Palatin up to an aggregate amount of $25.0 million for all reasonable, documented, out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Palatin in connection with the development and regulatory activities necessary to submit a new drug application in the U.S. for bremelanotide for the treatment of HSDD in pre-menopausal women. The $60.0 million upfront payment made in February 2017 to Palatin was recorded as in-process research and development expense as the product candidate had not received regulatory approval.

In addition, the Palatin License Agreement requires us to make future contingent payments of (a) up to $80.0 million upon achievement of certain regulatory milestones, including FDA approval and (b) up to $300.0 million of aggregate sales milestone payments upon the achievement of certain annual net sales milestones over the course of the license. The first sales milestone payment of $25.0 million will be triggered when bremelanotide annual net sales exceed $250.0 million. We are also obligated to pay Palatin tiered royalties on annual net sales of the Bremelanotide Products, on a product-by-product basis, in the Palatin Territory ranging from the high-single digits to the low double-digits. The royalties will expire on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis upon the latest to occur of (a) the earliest date on which there are no valid claims of Palatin patent rights covering such Bremelanotide Product in such country, (b) the expiration of the regulatory exclusivity period for such Bremelanotide Product in such country and (c) 10 years following the first commercial sale of such Bremelanotide Product in such country. These royalties are subject to reduction in the event that: (i) we must license additional third party intellectual property in order to develop, manufacture or commercialize a Bremelanotide Product or (ii) generic competition occurs with respect to a Bremelanotide Product in a given country, subject to an aggregate cap on such deductions of royalties otherwise payable to Palatin. After the expiration of the applicable royalties for any Bremelanotide Product in a given country, the license for such Bremelanotide Product in such country would become a fully paid-up, royalty-free, perpetual and irrevocable license.

Velo
In July 2015, we entered into an option agreement with Velo Bio, LLC (“Velo”), a privately held life-sciences company that granted us an option to acquire the rights (the “DIF Rights”) to an orphan drug candidate, digoxin immune fab (“DIF”), a polyclonal antibody in clinical development for the treatment of severe preeclampsia in pregnant women. We made an upfront payment of $10.0 million in the third quarter of 2015 for the option to acquire the DIF Rights. DIF has been granted both orphan drug and fast-track review designations by the FDA for use in treating severe preeclampsia. Under the option agreement, Velo will complete a Phase 2b/3a clinical study, which we expect to begin in the second quarter of 2017. Following the conclusion of the DIF Phase 2b/3a study, we may terminate, or, for additional consideration, exercise or extend, our option to acquire the DIF Rights. If we exercise the option to acquire the DIF Rights, we would be responsible for additional costs in pursuing FDA approval, and would be obligated to pay to Velo certain milestone payments and single-digit royalties based on regulatory approval and commercial sales of the product. If we exercise the option, we will be responsible for payments totaling up to $65.0 million (including the payment of the option exercise price and the regulatory milestone payments) and up to an additional $250.0 million in sales milestone payments based on the achievement of annual sales milestones at targets ranging from $100.0 million to $900.0 million. In the event the royalty rate applicable to the quarter in which a milestone payment threshold is first achieved is zero, the applicable milestone payment amount will increase by 50%.
We have determined that Velo is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) as it does not have enough equity to finance its activities without additional financial support. As we do not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect its economic performance, which we have determined to be the Phase 2b/3a clinical study, we are not the primary beneficiary of and do not consolidate the VIE.
Antares
In September 2014, Lumara Health entered into a development and license agreement (the “Antares Agreement”) with Antares Pharma, Inc. (“Antares”), which in connection with our acquisition of Lumara Health in November of 2014, grants us an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license, with the right to sublicense, to certain intellectual property rights, including know-how, patents and trademarks, to develop, use, sell, offer for sale and import and export the Makena auto-injector. In consideration for the license, to support joint meetings and a development strategy with the FDA, and for initial tooling and process validation, Lumara Health paid Antares an up-front payment in October 2014. Under the Antares Agreement, we are responsible for the clinical development and preparation, submission and maintenance of all regulatory applications in each country where we desire to market and sell the Makena auto-injector, including the U.S. We are required to pay royalties to Antares on net sales of the Makena auto-injector for the life of the Antares Royalty Term. The royalty rates range from high single digit to low double digits and are tiered based on levels of net sales of the Makena auto-injector and decrease after the expiration of licensed patents or where there are generic equivalents to the Makena auto-injector being sold in a particular country. Antares is entitled to sales-based milestone payments. Antares is the exclusive supplier of the device components of the Makena auto-injector and Antares remains responsible for the manufacture and supply of the device components and assembly of the Makena auto-injector. We are responsible for the supply of the drug to be used in the assembly of the finished auto-injector product. The development and license agreement terminates at the end of the Antares Royalty Term, but is subject to early termination by us for convenience, by Antares if we do not submit regulatory filings in the U.S. by a certain date and by either party upon an uncured breach by or bankruptcy of the other party.