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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION – The operating activities of subsidiaries are included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) from the date of acquisition. Investments in companies in which we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, are accounted for by the equity method. All intercompany transactions and balances, with our consolidated entities and the unsettled amount of intercompany transactions with our equity method investees, have been eliminated in consolidation. As stated in Note 1 above, the Group consists of VIEs and we consolidate the operating activities and balance sheets of each. Additionally, we determined that our unconsolidated joint venture, ScriptSender, LLC, is also a VIE as it is dependent on our operational funding but we are not a primary beneficiary since RadNet does not have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance.
USE OF ESTIMATES USE OF ESTIMATES - The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions affect various matters, including our reported amounts of assets and liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets at the dates of the financial statements; our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements; and our reported amounts of revenues and expenses in our consolidated statements of operations during the reporting periods. These estimates involve judgments with respect to numerous factors that are difficult to predict and are beyond management’s control. As a result, actual amounts could materially differ from these estimates.
RECLASSIFICATION RECLASSIFICATION - For the year 2019, we have reclassified certain amounts previously classified as held for sale related to property and equipment and goodwill to conform to our 2020 presentation.
REVENUES REVENUES – Our revenues generally relate to net patient fees received from various payors and patients themselves under contracts in which our performance obligations are to provide diagnostic services to the patients. Revenues are recorded during the period when our obligations to provide diagnostic services are satisfied. Our performance obligations for diagnostic services are generally satisfied over a period of less than one day. The contractual relationships with patients, in most cases, also involve a third-party payor (Medicare, Medicaid, managed care health plans and commercial insurance companies, including plans offered through the health insurance exchanges) and the transaction prices for the services provided are dependent upon the terms provided by (Medicare and Medicaid) or negotiated with (managed care health plans and commercial
insurance companies) the third-party payors. The payment arrangements with third-party payors for the services we provide to the related patients typically specify payments at amounts less than our standard charges and generally provide for payments based upon predetermined rates per diagnostic services or discounted fee-for-service rates. Management continually reviews the contractual estimation process to consider and incorporate updates to laws and regulations and the frequent changes in managed care contractual terms resulting from contract renegotiations and renewals.
As it relates to the Group, this service fee revenue includes payments for both the professional medical interpretation revenue recognized by them as well as the payment for all other aspects related to our providing the imaging services, for which we earn management fees. As it relates to others centers, this service fee revenue is earned through providing the use of our diagnostic imaging equipment and the provision of technical services as well as providing administration services such as clerical and administrative personnel, bookkeeping and accounting services, billing and collection, provision of medical and office supplies, secretarial, reception and transcription services, maintenance of medical records, and advertising, marketing and promotional activities.
Our revenues are based upon the estimated amounts we expect to be entitled to receive from patients and third-party payors. Estimates of contractual allowances under Medicare, Medicaid, managed care and commercial insurance plans are based upon historical collection experience of the payments received from such payors in accordance with the underlying contractual agreements. Revenues related to uninsured patients and uninsured copayment and deductible amounts for patients who have health care coverage may have price concessions applied. We also record estimated implicit price concessions (based primarily on historical collection experience) related to uninsured accounts to record self-pay revenues at the estimated amounts we expect to collect.
Under capitation arrangements with various health plans, we earn a per-enrollee amount each month for making available diagnostic imaging services to all plan enrollees under the capitation arrangement. Revenue under capitation arrangements is recognized in the period in which we are obligated to provide services to plan enrollees under contracts with various health plans.
On January 1, 2018, we adopted the new revenue recognition accounting standard issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and codified in the ASC as topic 606 (“ASC 606”). The revenue recognition standard in ASC 606 outlines a single comprehensive model for recognizing revenue as performance obligations, defined in a contract with a customer as goods or services transferred to the customer in exchange for consideration, are satisfied. The standard also requires expanded disclosures regarding our revenue recognition policies and significant judgments employed in the determination of revenue.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND CARES ACT FUNDING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND CARES ACT FUNDING - On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) designated COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Patient volumes and the related revenues for our services were significantly impacted during the latter portion of the first quarter through the middle of the third quarter of 2020 as a result of federal, state and local government mandated restrictions requiring many people to remain at home and forced the closure of or limitations on certain businesses, as well as suspended elective procedures by health care facilities. Many of these restrictions
have been eased or completely lifted across the states the Company operates in however, we are unable to predict the future impact of the pandemic on our operations.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, we received $43.2 million of accelerated Medicare payments, $5.0 million from Blue Shield, $26.3 million from the general distribution and $4.0 million from the Paycheck Protection Program established through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act. The accelerated Medicare payments are recorded under the caption “ Deferred Revenue“ in our consolidated balance sheet and will be withheld from reimbursements for services in 2021 and 2022. The general distribution funds were accounted for as government grants and recognized as other revenue, once reasonable assurance that the applicable terms and conditions required to retain the funds were met, under the caption “Provider relief funding” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The CARES Act also provides for a payment deferral of the employer portion of Social Security tax incurred during the pandemic, allowing half of such payroll taxes to be deferred until December 2021 and the remaining half until December 2022. At December 31, 2020, the Company had deferred $16.3 million of Social Security taxes. These payment deferrals are recorded as payroll tax liability under the caption “Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other” in our consolidated balance sheet.
We believe the extent of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on our operating results and financial condition has been and will continue to be driven by many factors, most of which are beyond our control and ability to forecast. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the scope and duration of stay-at-home practices, business closures and restrictions, suspensions of elective procedures and continued decline in procedure volumes for an indeterminable length of time and incremental expenses required for supplies and personal protective equipment. Because of these uncertainties, we cannot estimate the length or impact of the pandemic on our business. If we incur declines in cash flows and results of operations, such declines could have an impact on the inputs and assumptions used in significant accounting estimates, including implicit prices concessions related to uninsured patient accounts, and potential impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets. During the fourth quarter of 2020, procedure volumes continued to increase and have had a positive impact on our patient revenue. However, the impact of COVID-19 in future periods may vary and could adversely impact our results of operations.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE – Substantially all of our accounts receivable are due under fee-for-service contracts from third party payors, such as insurance companies and government-sponsored healthcare programs, or directly from patients. We continuously monitor collections from our payors and record an estimated price concession based upon specific payor collection issues that we have identified and our historical experience.

We have entered into factoring agreements with various institutions and sold certain accounts receivable under non-recourse agreements. These transactions are accounted for as a reduction in accounts receivable as the agreements transfer effective control over and risk related to the receivables to the buyers. The aggregate amounts factored under these facilities, net of discounts recorded to reflect market interest rates is $29.5 million. Proceeds are reflected as operating activities on our statement of cash flows and on our balance sheet as prepaid expenses and other current assets for the current portion and deposits and other for the long term portion. At December 31, 2020 we have $20.5 million remaining to be collected on these agreements. We do not utilize factoring arrangements as an integral part of our financing for working capital.
SOFTWARE REVENUE RECOGNITION
SOFTWARE REVENUE RECOGNITION – Our software division has developed and sells Picture Archiving Communications Systems (“PACS”) and related services. The PACS sales are made primarily through our sales force and generally include hardware, software, installation, training and first-year warranty support. Hardware which is not unique or special purpose, is purchased from a third-party and resold to customers with a small mark-up.
 
We have determined that our core software products, such as PACS, are essential to most of our arrangements as hardware, software and related services are sold as an integrated package. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring a promised good or service to a customer.
  
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recorded approximately $8.6 million, $10.1 million, and $6.8 million, respectively, in revenue related to our software business which is included in net service fee revenue in our consolidated statement of operations. At December 31, 2020 we had deferred revenue of approximately $1.2 million associated with these sales which we expect to recognize into revenue over the next 12 months.
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS – When we develop our own software and artificial intelligence solutions we capitalize and amortize those costs over their useful life. Costs related to the research and development of new software products and enhancements to existing software intended for resale to our customers are expensed as incurred.
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISKS CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISKS – Financial instruments that potentially subject us to credit risk are primarily cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We have placed our cash and cash equivalents with one major financial institution. At times, the cash in the financial institution is temporarily in excess of the amount insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC. Substantially all of our accounts receivable are due under fee-for-service contracts from third party payors, such as insurance companies and government-sponsored healthcare programs, or directly from patients. We continuously monitor collections and maintain an allowance for bad debts based upon our historical collection experience. In addition, we have notes receivable stemming from our factoring of accounts receivable as stated above. Companies with which we factor our receivables are well known established buyers of such instruments, have agreed to assume the full risk of their collection, and to date have made all payments due to us in a timely manner.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – We consider all highly liquid investments that mature in three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates the fair market value.
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS – Costs of financing are deferred and amortized using the effective interest rate method. Deferred financing costs are solely related to our Barclays Revolving Credit Facilities. Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization, were $1.8 million and $1.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT – Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives, which range from 3 to 15 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized at the lesser of lease term or their estimated useful lives, which range from 3 to 15 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.
BUSINESS COMBINATION BUSINESS COMBINATION – When the qualifications for business combination accounting treatment are met, it requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations.
GOODWILL AND INDEFINITE LIVED INTANGIBLES GOODWILL AND INDEFINITE LIVED INTANGIBLES – Goodwill totaled $472.9 million and $442.0 million million at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Indefinite lived intangible assets at December 31, 2020 were $7.1 million and $11.3 million at December 31, 2019 and are associated with the value of certain trade name intangibles. Goodwill and trade name intangibles are recorded as a result of business combinations. When we determine the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge would be recognized which should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We determined fair values for each of the reporting units using the market approach, when available and appropriate, or the income approach, or a combination of both. We assess the valuation methodology based upon the relevance and availability of the data at the time we perform the valuation. If multiple valuation methodologies are used, the results are weighted appropriately.
LONG-LIVED ASSETS LONG-LIVED ASSETS – We evaluate our long-lived assets (property and equipment) and intangibles, other than goodwill, for impairment when events or changes indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Accounting standards requires that if the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash flows from a long-lived asset or definite-lived intangible is less than the carrying value of that asset, an asset impairment charge must be recognized. The amount of the impairment charge is calculated as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value, which generally represents the discounted future cash flows from that asset or in the case of assets we expect to sell, at fair value less costs to sell. We determined that there were no events or changes in circumstances that indicated our long-lived assets were impaired during any periods presented.
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES – Income tax expense is computed using an asset and liability method and using expected annual effective tax rates. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences in the financial reporting bases and the income tax reporting bases of assets and liabilities. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by the amount of any tax benefit that, based on available evidence, is not expected to be realized. When it appears more likely than not that deferred taxes will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the deferred tax asset to its estimated realizable value. For net deferred tax assets we consider estimates of future taxable income in determining whether our net deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized.
LEASES LEASES - We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, current operating lease liability, and long term operating lease liability in our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current finance lease liability, and long-term finance lease liability in our consolidated balance sheets.  ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our IBR used to discount the stream of lease payments is closely related to the interest rates charged on our collateralized debt obligations and is adjusted when those rates experience a substantial change. We include options to extend a lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For a contract in which we are a lessee that contains fixed payments for both lease and non-lease components, we have elected to account for the components as a single lease component, as permitted. For finance leases, interest expense on the lease liability is recognized using the effective interest method and amortization of the right-of-use asset is recognized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term. ROU assets are tested for impairment if circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Our ROU assets consist of facility and equipment assets on operating leases. No events have occurred which have impaired the integrity of our ROU assets in 2020. Our facility leases require us to maintain insurance policies which would cover major damage to our facilities. We maintain business interruption insurance to cover loss of business due to a facility becoming non-operational under certain circumstances. Our equipment leases are covered by warranty and service contracts which cover repairs and provide regular maintenance to keep the equipment in functioning order.
UNINSURED RISKS
UNINSURED RISKS – On November 1, 2008 we obtained a fully funded and insured workers’ compensation policy, thereby eliminating any uninsured risks for employee injuries occurring on or after that date. This fully funded policy remained in effect through November 1, 2013 and continues to cover any claims incurred through this date.
 
On November 1, 2013 we entered into a high-deductible workers’ compensation insurance policy. We have recorded liabilities of $4.1 million and $3.8 million for each of the years ending December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, for the estimated future cash obligations associated with the unpaid portion of the workers compensation claims incurred.
 
We and our affiliated physicians carry an annual medical malpractice insurance policy that protects us for claims that are filed during the policy year and that fall within policy limits. The policy has a deductible which is $10,000 per incidence for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
In December 2008, in order to eliminate the exposure for claims not reported during the regular malpractice policy period, we purchased a medical malpractice claims made tail policy, which provides coverage for any claims reported in the event that our medical malpractice policy expires. As of December 31, 2020, this policy remains in effect.
 
We have entered into an arrangement with Blue Shield to administer and process claims under a self-insured plan that provides health insurance coverage for our employees and dependents. We have recorded liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 of $6.6 million and $4.9 million, respectively, for the estimated future cash obligations associated with the unpaid portion of the medical and dental claims incurred by our participants. Additionally, we entered into an agreement with Blue
Shield for a stop loss policy that provides coverage for any claims that exceed $250,000 up to a maximum of $1.0 million in order for us to limit our exposure for unusual or catastrophic claims.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN – We adopted a profit-sharing/savings plan pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code that covers substantially all non-professional employees. Eligible employees may contribute on a tax-deferred basis a percentage of compensation, up to the maximum allowable under tax law. Employee contributions vest immediately.
LOSS AND OTHER UNFAVORABLE CONTRACTS LOSS AND OTHER UNFAVORABLE CONTRACTS – We assess the profitability of our contracts to provide management services to our contracted physician groups and identify those contracts where current operating results or forecasts indicate probable future losses. Anticipated future revenue is compared to anticipated costs and if the anticipated future cost exceeds the revenue, a loss contract accrual is recorded. In connection with the acquisition of Radiologix in November 2006, we acquired certain management service agreements which met this criterion and recorded to other non-current liabilities an $8.9 million loss contract accrual. Of the $4.6 million ending balance at December 31, 2018, approximately $4.0 million, ($2.8 million net of taxes), was settled against the purchase consideration of Hudson Valley Radiology Associates, P.L.L.C. (HVRA) by our VIE entity Lenox Hill Radiology and Medical Associates, P.C. and the remaining balance of approximately $558,000 was written off upon ending a contract with a physician group. See Note 4, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions for further information on the purchase of HVRA.
EQUITY BASED COMPENSATION EQUITY BASED COMPENSATION – We have one long-term incentive plan that we adopted in 2006 and which we first amended and restated as of April 20, 2015, and again on March 9, 2017 (the “Restated Plan”). The Restated Plan was approved by our stockholders at our annual stockholders meeting on June 8, 2017. We have reserved for issuance under the Restated Plan 14,000,000 shares of common stock. We can issue options, stock awards, stock appreciation rights, stock units and cash awards under the Restated Plan. Certain options granted under the Restated Plan to employees are intended to qualify as incentive stock options under existing tax regulations. Stock options and warrants generally vest over three to five years and expire five to ten years from date of grant. The compensation expense associated with option grants is calculated based on a valuation model, typically the Black–Scholes model, which requires certain management assumptions with respect to volatility. The compensation expense recognized for all equity-based awards is recognized over the awards’ service periods. Equity-based compensation is classified in operating expenses within the same line item as the majority of the cash compensation paid to employees. In connection with our acquisition of DeepHealth Inc. on June 1, 2020, we assumed the DeepHealth, Inc. 2017 Stock Incentive Plan, including outstanding options awards that can be exercised for our common stock. No additional awards will be granted under the DeepHealth, Inc. 2017 Equity Incentive Plan. See Note 4, Facility Acquisitions and Note 11, Stock-Based Compensation, for more information.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION – The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate at the balance sheet dates. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Any translation adjustments resulting from this process are shown separately as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Gains and losses related to the foreign currency portion of international transactions are included in the determination of net income.
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME – Accounting guidance establishes rules for reporting and displaying comprehensive income (loss) and its components. Our unrealized gains or losses on foreign currency translation adjustments and our interest rate cap and swap agreements are included in comprehensive income (loss). The components of comprehensive income (loss) for the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020 are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - We are party to various legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax or government inquiries and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business. With respect to these matters, we evaluate the developments on a regular basis and accrue a liability when we believe a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Based on current information, we do not believe that reasonably possible or probable losses associated with pending legal proceedings would either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements. However, the outcome of these matters is inherently uncertain. Therefore, if one or more of these matters were resolved against us for amounts in excess of management's expectations, our results of operations and financial condition, including in a particular reporting period in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable, could be materially adversely affected.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

2016 CAPS

In the fourth quarter of 2016, we entered into two forward interest rate cap agreements ("2016 Caps"). The 2016 Caps matured in September and October 2020. The 2016 Caps had notional amounts of $150,000,000 and $350,000,000, respectively, which were designated at inception as cash flow hedges of future cash interest payments associated with portions of our variable rate bank debt. Under these arrangements, we purchased a cap on 3 month LIBOR at 2.0%. We were liable for a $5.3 million premium to enter into the caps which accrued to current liabilities on our balance sheet and paid over the life of the 2016 Caps. The gain or loss of the hedge (i.e. change in fair value) was reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statement of equity.
 
A tabular presentation of the effect of derivative instruments on our consolidated statement of comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes is as follows (amounts in thousands):
Interest Rate Contracts
  
For the twelve months endedAmount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on Derivative, net of taxesLocation of Gain (Loss) Recognized
in Income on Derivative
December 31, 2020$788Other Comprehensive Income
December 31, 2019(4,383)Other Comprehensive Loss
December 31, 20182,876Other Comprehensive Income
 
2019 SWAPS
In the second quarter of 2019, we entered into four forward interest rate agreements ("2019 swaps"). The 2019 swaps have total notional amounts of $500,000,000, consisting of two agreements of $50,000,000 each and two agreements of $200,000,000 each. The 2019 swaps will secure a constant interest rate associated with portions of our variable rate bank debt and have an effective date of October 13, 2020. They will mature in October 2023 for the two smaller notional and October 2025 for the two larger notional. Under these arrangements, we arranged the 2019 swaps with locked in 1 month LIBOR rates at 1.96% for the $100,000,000 notional and at 2.05% for the $400,000,000 notional. As of the effective date, we will be liable for premium payments if interest rates decline below arranged rates, but will receive interest payments if rates remain above the arranged rates.
At inception, we designated our 2019 Swaps as cash flow hedges of floating-rate borrowings. In accordance with accounting guidance, derivatives that have been designated and qualify as cash flow hedging instruments are reported at fair value. The gain or loss on the effective portion of the hedge (i.e. change in fair value) is reported as a component of comprehensive loss in the consolidated statement of equity. The remaining gain or loss, if any, is recognized currently in earnings. The cash flows for both our $400,000,000 notional interest rate swap contract locked in at 2.05% due October 2025 and our $100,000,000 notional interest rate swap contract locked in at 1.96% do not match the cash flows for our First Lien Term Loans and so we have determined that they are not currently effective as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, all changes in their fair value after April 1, 2020 for the $400,000,000 notional and after July 1, 2020 for the $100,000,000 notional will be recognized in earnings. As of July 1, 2020, the total change in fair value relating to swaps included in other comprehensive income was approximately $24.4 million, net of taxes. This amount will be amortized to interest expense through October 2023 at approximately $0.4 million per month and continuing at approximately $0.3 million through October 2025.
A tabular presentation of the effect of derivative instruments on our consolidated statement of comprehensive loss of the 2019 swaps which remain ineffective is as follows (amounts in thousands):
Interest Rate Contracts - Effective Portion
  
For the twelve months endedAmount of Loss Recognized on Derivative, net of taxesLocation of Loss Recognized
in Income on Derivative
December 31, 2020$(20,160)Other Comprehensive Loss
December 31, 2019$(5,870)Other Comprehensive Loss
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS – Assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements are required to be disclosed within a fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of inputs used to determine fair value. Accordingly, assets and liabilities carried at, or permitted to be carried at, fair value are classified within the fair value hierarchy in one of the following categories based on the lowest level input that is significant to a fair value measurement:
 
Level 1—Fair value is determined by using unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
 
Level 2—Fair value is determined by using inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable. Inputs can include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets. Related inputs can also include those used in valuation or other pricing models such as interest rates and yield curves that can be corroborated by observable market data.
 
Level 3—Fair value is determined by using inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. Use of these inputs involves significant and subjective judgment.

Derivatives:

The table below summarizes the estimated fair values of certain of our financial assets that are subject to fair value measurements, and the classification of these assets in our consolidated balance sheets, as follows (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2020
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Current and long term liabilities    
2016 CAPS - Interest Rate Contracts$— $— $— $— 
2019 SWAPS - Interest Rate Contracts$— $37,989 $— $37,989 
 
As of December 31, 2019
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Current and long term liabilities    
2016 CAPS - Interest Rate Contracts$— $1,081 $— $1,081 
2019 SWAPS - Interest Rate Contracts$— $9,477 $— $9,477 

The estimated fair value of these contracts was determined using Level 2 inputs. More specifically, the fair value was determined by calculating the value of the difference between the fixed interest rate of the interest rate swaps and the
counterparty’s forward LIBOR curve. The forward LIBOR curve is readily available in the public markets or can be derived from information available in the public markets.
 
Long Term Debt

The table below summarizes the estimated fair value and carrying amount of our SunTrust (Term Loan Agreement) and Barclays (First Lien Term Loans) long-term debt as follows (in thousands):
 
 As of December 31, 2020
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Fair ValueTotal Face Value
Term Loan Agreement and First Lien Term Loans$— $661,640 $— $661,640 $662,403 
 
 As of December 31, 2019
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Fair ValueTotal Face Value
Term Loan Agreement and First Lien Term Loans$— $708,948 $— $708,948 $705,699 
 
Our Barclays revolving credit facility had no aggregate principal amount outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Our SunTrust revolving credit facility had no aggregate principal amount outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
 
The estimated fair values of our long-term debt, which is discussed in Note 8, was determined using Level 2 inputs for the Barclays and SunTrust term loans. Level 2 inputs primarily related to comparable market prices.
 
We consider the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, other current assets, current liabilities and other notes payables to approximate their fair value because of the relatively short period of time between the origination of these instruments and their expected realization or payment. Additionally, we consider the carrying amount of our capital lease obligations to approximate their fair value because the weighted average interest rate used to formulate the carrying amounts approximates current market rates.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
EARNINGS PER SHARE - Earnings per share is based upon the weighted average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding, net of common stock held in treasury, as follows (in thousands except share and per share data):
 
 Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Net (loss) income attributable to RadNet, Inc. common stockholders$(14,840)$14,756 $32,243 
BASIC NET (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO RADNET, INC. COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period50,891,791 49,674,858 48,114,275 
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to RadNet, Inc. common stockholders$(0.29)$0.30 $0.67 
DILUTED NET (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO RADNET, INC. COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period50,891,791 49,674,858 48,114,275 
Add nonvested restricted stock subject only to service vesting— 208,963 180,631 
Add additional shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and warrants— 360,185 384,093 
Weighted average number of common shares used in calculating diluted net income per share50,891,791 50,244,006 48,678,999 
Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to RadNet, Inc. common stockholders$(0.29)$0.29 $0.66 
Stock options and non-vested restricted awards excluded from the computation of diluted per share amounts as their effect would be antidilutive:
Nonvested restricted stock subject to service vesting329,159 — — 
Shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options554,444 — — 
EQUITY INVESTMENTS AT FAIR VALUE EQUITY INVESTMENTS AT FAIR VALUE- As of December 31, 2020, we have three equity investments for which a fair value is not readily determinable and we do not have significant influence and therefore the total amounts invested are recognized at cost. In accordance with accounting guidance, if there is no readily determinable fair value, the guidance allows entities the ability to measure investments at cost less impairment, whereby impairment is based on a qualitative assessment.
INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURES
INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURES – We have 13 unconsolidated joint ventures with ownership interests ranging from 35% to 55%. These joint ventures represent partnerships with hospitals, health systems or radiology practices and were formed for the purpose of owning and operating diagnostic imaging centers.  Professional services at the joint venture diagnostic imaging centers are performed by contracted radiology practices or a radiology practice that participates in the joint venture.  Our investment in these joint ventures is accounted for under the equity method, as we do not have a controlling financial interest in such ventures. We evaluate our investment in joint ventures, including cost in excess of book value (equity method goodwill) for impairment whenever indicators of impairment exist. No indicators of impairment existed as of December 31, 2020.
Joint venture formations
Effective November 1, 2020, Arizona Diagnostic Radiology Group LLC ("ADRG"), an entity we formed in conjunction with CHI National Services Inc. ("CHI"), assumed operational and managerial control of our Arizona centers. We hold a 49% economic interest and CHI holds the majority 51% economic interest, respectively in ADRG and account for the venture under the equity method . The entity was formed in part to leverage CHI's established presence in the Phoenix, Arizona market as a major health care provider.
Joint venture investment contribution
In the month of August 2020, we made additional cash contributions to our Santa Monica Imaging Group, LLC partnership in the amount of $1.6 million in support of its expanded operations. We maintain our 35% economic interest in the partnership. 
Sale of joint venture interest:
On April 1, 2017, we formed in conjunction with Cedars Sinai Medical Center (“CSMC”) the Santa Monica Imaging Group, LLC (“SMIG”), consisting of two multi-modality imaging centers located in Santa Monica, CA with RadNet holding a 40% economic interest and CSMC holding a 60% economic interest. RadNet accounts for our share of the venture under the equity method. On January 1, 2019, CSMC purchased from the us an additional 5% economic interest in SMIG valued at $134,000. As a result of the transaction, our economic interest in SMIG has been reduced to 35%. We recorded a loss of $2,000 on the transaction.

Change in control of existing joint ventures

On October 6, 2014, we acquired a 49% equity interest in Garden State Radiology Network, LLC ("GSRN") for cash consideration of $2.2 million. The venture consisted of two imaging centers located in New Jersey. On August 1, 2019, the entity was dissolved by transferring ownership of the assets of the centers with each partner receiving full ownership of one center. See Note 4, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, for further information.

On April 12, 2018 we acquired 25% share capital in Nulogix, Inc. for cash consideration of $2.0 million. On August 1, 2019 we completed via the issuance of RadNet common stock valued at $1.5 million, the acquisition of the remaining 75% economic interest and we now consolidate the financial statements of Nulogix.  See Note 4, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, for further information.

On October 1, 2018, we obtained control over the operations of NJIN through an agreement with the other equity interest holder for no cash consideration. As such, we consolidated the financial statements of NJIN effective that date. The economic interest of each party remained the same after consolidation.

Joint venture investment and financial information
 
The following table is a summary of our investment in joint ventures during the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
 
Balance as of December 31, 2018$37,973 
Equity contributions in existing and purchase of interest in joint ventures103 
Equity in earnings in these joint ventures8,350 
Sale of ownership interest(134)
Dissolution of GSRN(1,428)
Nulogix return of capital(792)
Nulogix change in control(1,004)
Distribution of earnings(8,598)
Balance as of December 31, 2019$34,470 
Equity contributions in existing and purchase of interest in joint ventures1,635 
Equity in earnings in these joint ventures7,945 
Distribution of earnings(9,522)
Balance as of December 31, 2020$34,528 

We charged management service fees from the centers underlying these joint ventures of approximately $11.3 million, $11.4 million and $13.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively . We eliminate any unrealized portion of our management service fees with our equity in earnings of joint ventures.
 
The following table is a summary of key unaudited financial data for these joint ventures as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, (in thousands):
December 31,
Balance Sheet Data:December 31, 20202019
Current assets$27,085 $27,427 
Noncurrent assets68,686 61,037 
Current liabilities(12,545)(9,217)
Noncurrent liabilities(21,582)(18,872)
Total net assets$61,644 $60,375 
Book value of RadNet joint venture interests$28,079 $28,001 
Cost in excess of book value of acquired joint venture interests accounted for as equity method goodwill6,449 6,469 
Total value of RadNet joint venture interests$34,528 $34,470 
  
 202020192018
Net revenue$101,921 $108,051 $155,820 
Net income$16,850 $18,624 $24,596 
RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Accounting standards adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04 ("ASU 2020-04"), Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to certain contract modifications and hedging relationships that reference London Inter-bank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The guidance is effective upon issuance and generally can be applied through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2020-04 on our financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 ("ASU 2016-13), Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss methodology previously utilized for valuing financial instruments with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) methodology. We adopted the standard on January
1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. See the Accounts Receivable section to Note 2 for further information on our allowances for credit losses.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15 (“ASU 2018-15”), Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software. ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for deferring implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This ASU was effective in the first quarter of 2020 with early adoption permitted and can be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated balance sheet.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-03 ("ASU 2020-03"), Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments. The amendments in this update represent changes to clarify or improve the codification and correct unintended application. ASU 2020-03 was effective immediately upon issuance and its adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13 ("ASU 2018-13"), Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements. This standard removes, modifies and adds certain disclosures related to recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. We adopted ASC 2018-13 effective January 1, 2020 and it had no effect on our disclosures.

Accounting standards not yet adopted
 
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 ("ASU 2019-12"), Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other areas of the standard. ASU 2019-12 is effective beginning in the first quarter of 2021. Early adoption is permitted. Certain amendments in this update must be applied on a prospective basis, certain amendments must be applied on a retrospective basis, and certain amendments must be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings/(deficit) in the period of adoption. We are currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01 ("ASU 2020-01"), Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), clarifying the interaction between accounting standards related to equity securities, equity method investments, and certain derivatives. ASU 2020-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our financial statements.

In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01 ("ASU 2021-01"), Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Scope. ASU 2021-01 provides clarifies the scope of Topic 848 so that derivatives affected by the discounting transition are explicitly eligible for certain option expedients and exceptions in Topic 848. The guidance is effective upon issuance and generally can be applied through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2021-01 on our financial statements.