UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No.  )

Filed by Registrant ☑

Filed by Party other than the Registrant  ☐

Check the appropriate box:

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Preliminary Proxy Statement

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Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

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Definitive Proxy Statement

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Definitive Additional Materials

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Soliciting Material Pursuant to Section 240.14a-11(c) or Section 240.14a-12

NBT Bancorp Inc.

(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):

☑	No fee required.
☐	Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
☐	Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rule 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.

 

 

Notice of 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders

NBT Bancorp Inc. (“NBT”) will hold an annual meeting of stockholders on May 17, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. EDT (the “Annual Meeting”). You can attend the 2022 Annual Meeting online and vote your shares electronically. The Annual Meeting will be virtual and conducted through the online means described below.

The Annual Meeting is being held for the following purposes:

1.
To elect the thirteen director nominees named in the proxy statement, each for a one-year term (Proposal 1);

2.
To approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and other related tables and narrative discussion (“Say-on-Pay”) (Proposal 2);

3.
To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2022 (Proposal 3); and

4.
To transact such other business as may properly come before the NBT Annual Meeting.

We have fixed the close of business on March 21, 2022 as the record date for determining those stockholders of NBT entitled to vote at the NBT Annual Meeting and any adjournments or postponements of the meeting. Only holders of record of NBT common stock at the close of business on that date are entitled to notice of and to vote at the NBT Annual Meeting.

By Order of the Board of Directors of

NBT Bancorp Inc.

/s/ Martin A. Dietrich

Martin A. Dietrich

Chairman of the Board

Norwich, New York

April 7, 2022

Important Notice regarding the Internet availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting to be held on May 17, 2022 – The proxy statement and 2021 Annual Report are available free of charge at www.nbtbancorp.com/bncp/proxy.html. Your vote is very important. We urge all stockholders to vote on the matters listed above and described in the proxy statement as soon as possible, whether or not they plan to attend the virtual Annual Meeting.

Proxy Statement

Annual Meeting of Stockholders

May 17, 2022

This proxy statement and accompanying proxy card are furnished to the stockholders of NBT Bancorp Inc. (“NBT” or the “Company”) in connection with the solicitation of proxies on behalf of the Board of Directors to be used at the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”). This proxy statement, together with the enclosed proxy card, is being provided to stockholders on or about April 7, 2022.

NBT Annual Meeting Will Be Virtual

NBT will host a virtual Annual Meeting. You may attend the webcast of the meeting via the Internet at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/NBTB2022 when you enter your 16-digit control number included with the Notice of Internet Availability or proxy card. Instructions on how to attend and participate in the Annual Meeting via the webcast are posted on www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/NBTB2022. You will be able to vote your shares by following the instructions on the website. You may visit www.proxyvote.com at any time prior to the Annual Meeting to ask questions of our executive management that may be addressed in the Annual Meeting and to access information about the Company.

The virtual meeting platform is fully supported across browsers (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, and Safari) and devices (desktops, laptops, tablets, and cell phones) running the most updated version of applicable software and plugins. Participants should ensure that they have a strong internet or WiFi connection wherever they intend to participate in the Annual Meeting. Participants should also give themselves plenty of time to log in and ensure that they can hear audio prior to the start of the Annual Meeting.

What Will Be Voted on at the NBT Annual Meeting

At our Annual Meeting, our stockholders will be asked to consider and vote upon the following proposals:

• To elect the thirteen director nominees named in the proxy statement, each for a one-year term (Proposal 1);

• To approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and other related tables and narrative discussion (“Say-on-Pay”) (Proposal 2);

• To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2022 (Proposal 3); and

• To transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting.

We may take action on the above matters at our Annual Meeting on May 17, 2022, or on any later date to which the Annual Meeting is postponed or adjourned.

We are unaware of other matters to be voted on at our Annual Meeting. If other matters do properly come before our Annual Meeting, including consideration of a motion to adjourn the Annual Meeting to another time and/or place for the purpose of soliciting additional proxies, we intend that the persons named in this proxy will vote the shares represented by the proxies on such matters as determined by a majority of our Board.

Stockholders Entitled to Vote

We have set March 21, 2022 as the record date to determine which of our stockholders will be entitled to vote at our Annual Meeting. Only those stockholders who held their shares of record as of the close of business on that date will be entitled to receive notice of and to vote at our Annual Meeting. As of March 21, 2022, there were 43,006,547 outstanding shares of our common stock held by holders of record. Each of our stockholders on the record date is entitled to one vote per share.

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Proxy Statement

Quorum Requirement

The presence, of at least a majority of the total number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting is necessary to constitute a quorum at the Annual Meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes are counted as present for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum for the transaction of business.

Vote Required to Approve the Proposals

Assuming the presence of a quorum at the Annual Meeting, the voting requirements for the matters presented are as follows:

• For a nominee to be elected as a director, more votes must be cast FOR the nominee than AGAINST(Proposal 1).

• The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock which are present in person or represented by Proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote is required to approve the Say-on-Pay Proposal (Proposal 2) and to ratify the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal 3).

Our Board urges our stockholders to vote via the Internet, by telephone or by completing, dating and signing the accompanying proxy card and returning it promptly in the enclosed postage-paid envelope.

Effect of Abstentions and Broker Non-Votes

If you abstain from voting on any of the proposals, you will still be considered present at the virtual Annual Meeting for purposes of determining a quorum. Abstentions will have no effect on the outcome of the election of directors. For the purpose of the Say-on-Pay Proposal and the ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm, abstentions will have the effect of a vote against the proposal.

Broker non-votes are proxies received from brokers or other nominees holding shares on behalf of their clients who have not been given specific voting instructions from their clients with respect to non-routine matters. Brokers who hold their customers’ shares in “street name” may, under the applicable rules of the exchange and other self-regulatory organizations of which the brokers are members, sign and submit proxies for such shares and may vote such shares on “routine” matters. Proposals 1 and 2 are considered “non-routine” and Proposal 3 is considered “routine” under the applicable rules. Broker non-votes will not be counted as a vote cast or entitled to vote on any matter presented at the Annual Meeting and will therefore have no effect on the outcome of the voting on any matter presented at the Annual Meeting.

Voting Your Shares

Our Board is soliciting proxies from our stockholders. When you deliver a valid proxy, the shares represented by that proxy will be voted by a named agent in accordance with your instructions.

If you are a stockholder and vote by proxy but make no specification on your proxy card that you have otherwise properly executed, the named persons will vote the shares represented by your proxy:

• FOR electing the thirteen persons nominated by our Board as directors (Proposal 1);

• FOR approving on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers (Proposal 2); and

• FOR ratifying the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal 3).

If any other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, the persons named in the proxy will vote the shares represented by such proxy or such matters as determined by a majority of the board of directors.

2  

Proxy Statement

If you are a stockholder whose shares are registered in your name, you may vote your shares by using one of the following methods:

Via the Internet. If you hold NBT common stock in your own name and not through a broker or other nominee, you can vote your shares of NBT common stock electronically via the Internet. Internet voting procedures are designed to authenticate stockholders by using the individual control number on your proxy card. If you vote via the Internet, you do not need to return your proxy card.

• Before the Meeting – Go to www.proxyvote.com. Internet voting is available 24 hours a day until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 16, 2022 for shares held directly and by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 12, 2022 for shares held in a Plan.

• During the Meeting – Go to www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/NBTB2022

Mail. To grant your proxy by mail, please complete your proxy card and sign, date and return it in the enclosed envelope. To be valid, a returned proxy card must be signed and dated.

Telephone. If you hold NBT common stock in your own name and not through a broker or other nominee, you can vote your shares of NBT common stock by telephone by dialing the toll-free telephone number 1-800-690-6903. Telephone voting is available 24 hours a day until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 16 2022 for shares held directly and by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 12, 2022 for shares held in a Plan. Telephone voting procedures are designed to authenticate stockholders by using the individual control number on your proxy card. If you vote by telephone, you do not need to return your proxy card.

If your shares are registered in the name of a bank or brokerage firm you will receive instructions from your holder of record that must be followed in order for the record holder to vote the shares per your instructions. Many banks and brokerage firms have a process for their beneficial holders to provide instructions over the telephone or via the Internet.

Changing Your Vote

Any NBT stockholder of record giving a proxy may revoke the proxy in one or more of the following ways:

• Delivering a written notice of revocation to the Corporate Secretary of NBT bearing a later date than the proxy;

• Submitting a later-dated proxy by mail, telephone or via the Internet; or

• Voting during the meeting via the Internet at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/NBTB2022

You should send any written notice of revocation or subsequent proxy to NBT Bancorp Inc., 52 South Broad Street, Norwich, New York 13815, Attention: Catherine Scarlett, Corporate Secretary. Any later-dated proxy submitted by telephone or via the Internet must be submitted prior to 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 16, 2022 for shares held directly and by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 12, 2022 for shares held in a Plan.

If you hold shares through a bank or brokerage firm, you must contact that firm to revoke any prior voting instructions.

Solicitation of Proxies and Costs

We will bear our own costs of soliciting of proxies. We will reimburse brokerage houses, fiduciaries, nominees and others for their out-of-pocket expenses in forwarding proxy materials to owners of shares of our common stock held in their names. In addition to the solicitation of proxies by use of the mail, we may solicit proxies from our stockholders by directors, officers and employees acting on our behalf in person or by telephone, facsimile or other appropriate means of communications. We will not pay any additional compensation, except for reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, to our directors, officers and employees in connection with the solicitation. You may direct any questions or requests for assistance regarding this proxy statement to Catherine Scarlett, Corporate Secretary, by telephone at (607) 337-6530 or by email at cscarlett@nbtbank.com.

Annual Report

A copy of our 2021 Annual Report accompanies this Proxy Statement. NBT is required to file an annual report on Form 10-K for its 2021 fiscal year with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Stockholders may obtain, free of charge, a copy of the Form 10-K by writing to: NBT Bancorp Inc., 52 South Broad Street, Norwich, New York 13815, Attention: Catherine Scarlett, Corporate Secretary. Our annual report on Form 10-K is available on our website www.nbtbancorp.com.

REGARDLESS OF THE NUMBER OF SHARES YOU OWN, YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT TO US. PLEASE VOTE BY TELEPHONE, VIA THE INTERNET USING THE INTERNET ADDRESS ON YOUR PROXY CARD OR BY COMPLETING, SIGNING, DATING AND PROMPTLY RETURNING THE ACCOMPANYING PROXY CARD IN THE ENCLOSED POSTAGE-PAID ENVELOPE.

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Table of Contents

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors	13
Information as to Nominees	5
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management	14
Beneficial Ownership of Principal Holders of Voting Securities of NBT	15
​Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance	15
Corporate Governance	25
Director Independence	16
Code of Ethics	16
Board Policy Regarding Communications with the Board	16
The Board’s Role in Risk Oversight	16
Board Leadership Structure	17
Director Attendance at Board Meetings and Annual Meetings	17
Committees of the Board of Directors	18
Environmental, Social and Governance	20
Cybersecurity	23
Policy on Recovery of Awards	23
Director Compensation	24
Compensation Discussion and Analysis	57
Named Executive Officers of NBT Bancorp Inc.	26
Executive Summary	27
What Guides Our Program	28
Roles of the Committee, Management and Consultant	32
2021 Compensation Decisions	34

Other Compensation Practices, Policies and Guidelines	39
Executive Compensation	43
Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control	51
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation	56
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions	56
Policies and Procedures Regarding Transactions with Related Persons	56
Compensation and Benefits Committee Report	57
CEO Pay Ratio	58
Audit Committee Report	59
PROPOSAL 2: Non-Binding Advisory Vote Regarding Compensation of the Named Executive Officers of the Company	60
PROPOSAL 3: Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	61
Other Matters	62
Stockholder Proposals for the 2023 Annual Meeting	62
Important Notice Regarding Delivery of Stockholder Documents	62
Other Matters	62

4  

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

The Company elects all directors annually. Therefore, all thirteen directors are standing for election at the 2022 Annual Meeting.

The persons named in the enclosed proxy intend to vote the shares of our common stock represented by each proxy properly executed and returned to us FOR the election of the aforementioned nominees as directors, but if the nominees should be unable to serve, they will vote such proxies for those substitute nominees as our Board shall designate to replace those nominees who are unable to serve. Our Board currently believes that each nominee will stand for election and will serve if elected as a director. Assuming the presence of a quorum at the Annual Meeting, in order for each of the thirteen director nominees to be elected, more votes must be cast FOR the director nominee than AGAINST(Proposal 1). A director who fails to receive more votes FOR his or her election than AGAINST will tender his or her resignation to the Board of Directors for consideration, and our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will recommend to the Board of Directors whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board of Directors will consider the recommendation and publicly disclose its decision and the rationale behind it within 90 days from the date of the certification of election results.

Information as to Nominees

Information regarding the nominees is provided below. Each biography contains information regarding each person’s business experience, director positions held currently or at any time during the last five years, information regarding involvement in certain legal or administrative proceedings, if applicable, and the experience, qualifications, attributes or skills that caused the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the Board of Directors to determine that such person should serve as a director at the time of filing of this proxy statement. Unless otherwise stated, each individual has held his or her current occupation for the last five years. The age indicated in each director’s biography is as of December 31, 2021. There are no family relationships among the directors or executives. All nominees are or will become members of the board of directors of NBT Bank, N.A. (“NBT Bank”).

Directors Retiring in 2022

 
 
Patricia T. Civil
 
Patricia T. Civil, 72, will retire as a director upon the expiration of her term at the 2022 annual meeting, in accordance with the required retirement age set forth in the Company’s Bylaws with respect to directors. The Board of Directors acknowledges the leadership and guidance Ms. Civil has provided to the Company over 18 years beginning in 2003 when she became a director of NBT Bancorp and NBT Bank. Ms. Civil was the longstanding Chair of the Audit/Risk Management and Risk Management Committees, and her accounting knowledge and leadership has been invaluable.
 

 
 
John C. Mitchell
 
John C. Mitchell, 71, will also retire as a director upon the expiration of his term at the 2022 annual meeting, in accordance with the required retirement age set forth in the Company’s Bylaws with respect to directors. Mr. Mitchell became a director of NBT Bank in 1993 and NBT in 1994 and has served as Lead Director. Throughout his tenure with the Company as a director, Mr. Mitchell’s commitment to NBT and his faithfulness to the Company’s community banking values have been unwavering. His contributions to the success of the Company are greatly appreciated by the Board of Directors.
 

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PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

Board Nominees for 2022

 
 
Age: 63
Director Since: 2016
 
Committees
Risk Management
John H. Watt, Jr.
 
John H. Watt, Jr., 63, has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the Company since 2016. Prior to that, Mr. Watt was an Executive Vice President of the Company and President of NBT Bank. He became a member of the Company’s executive management team in 2015. He joined the Company and NBT Bank in 2014. Mr. Watt provided executive leadership for key functions, including commercial and consumer lending, credit administration and marketing. Mr. Watt became a director of NBT and NBT Bank in December 2016. Mr. Watt also serves on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board, which is an affiliate of the Company. Mr. Watt has over thirty-five years of experience in the financial services industry. Prior to joining the Company, he was executive vice president of commercial banking, investment management and bank operations at Alliance Bank, N.A. He was also a member of the board of directors for Alliance Bank and Alliance Financial Corporation, which merged with the Company in 2013. Previously, he was employed by JP Morgan Chase and its predecessors. Mr. Watt has served on numerous community-oriented boards in upstate New York, most recently on the finance committee of the Foundation of The Episcopal Diocese of Central New York, the finance committee of the Allyn Foundation, treasurer of the St. James Episcopal Foundation, member of the Board of Directors of the Chenango County United Way and as President of the board of On Point for College in Syracuse, NY. He is a graduate of Rutgers University with a bachelor’s degree in political science and earned his Juris Doctor from The National Law Center at George Washington University. Mr. Watt’s past experience and current leadership as President and CEO of NBT and NBT Bank provides him with thorough knowledge of the Company’s opportunities, challenges and operations.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

 
 
Age: 66
Director Since: 2005
 
Committees
Risk Management Martin A. Dietrich
 
Martin A. Dietrich, 66, served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and NBT Bank from 2004 through 2016. Prior to that, Mr. Dietrich was President and Chief Operating Officer of NBT Bank from September 1999 to December 2003. He has served as Chair of the NBT and NBT Bank Boards since May 2016. Mr. Dietrich has been a director of NBT Bank since 2003, and of NBT since 2005. Mr. Dietrich also serves on the Board of NBT Financial Services, Inc., which is an affiliate of the Company. He is currently a director of Preferred Mutual Insurance Company, New York Bankers Association and Norwich Building Tomorrow Foundation Inc. Mr. Dietrich’s past leadership as President and Chief Executive Officer of NBT and NBT Bank provides him with thorough knowledge of the Company’s opportunities, challenges and operations.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

6  

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

 
 
Age: 45
Director Since: 2020
 
Committees
Nominating and Corporate Governance
Risk Management Johanna R. Ames
 
Johanna R. Ames, 45, has been President of Ames Linen Service, Inc. since 2007. Ames Linen Service, Inc. is a woman-owned commercial laundry and linen rental company located in Cortland, New York that serves approximately 1,000 customers in the education, food and beverage, healthcare and hospitality industries throughout Central New York. Ms. Ames was appointed to the NBT and NBT Bank Boards in September 2020. Ms. Ames served on NBT Bank’s Southern Tier Advisory Board from 2016 to 2020. Ms. Ames is also on the Boards of Directors for Guthrie Healthcare System, Inc. and the Cortland County Business Development/Industrial Development Agency. Ms. Ames chairs the Cortland College Foundation Board of Directors and is a member of the Colgate University Alumni Council. Ms. Ames’ experience as a business owner in NBT’s market area provides the Board with insight into the needs of NBT’s customers, and she is well suited to advise NBT with its challenges, opportunities and operations.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Corporate Board
 

 
 
Age: 54
Director Since: 2021
 
Committees
Audit
Compensation and Benefits J. David Brown
 
J. David Brown, 54, has been employed by the Capital District YMCA in Albany, New York since 1993, and has been its President & CEO since 2007. Mr. Brown has previously served as a Director of the Saratoga National Bank and the NBT Bank Capital District Advisory Board. Mr. Brown was a member of the Siena College Board of Trustees, Governor’s Regional Economic Council and the Diversity & Inclusion Council for the YMCA of the USA. His awards and recognitions include the Director of the Year from the Association of YMCA Professionals, NYS Governor’s African American Community Distinction, 40 Elite Alumni Honoree and 40 Under Forty Honoree by the Capital District Business Review. His strong executive experience in the non-profit sector and knowledge of NBT’s Capital Region market make Mr. Brown a valuable addition to the Board.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

 
 
Age: 59
Director Since: 2011
 
Committees
Compensation and Benefits (Chair)
Audit Timothy E. Delaney
 
Timothy E. Delaney, 59, is the President of the Wesson Group LLC. Mr. Delaney is Founder and former President of The Delaney Group, Inc. and is a former Executive Vice President of its successor company, Tetra Tech Construction, Inc. and President of Tetra Tech Canada Construction. Together, these companies make up the North American Renewable Construction division of Tetra Tech, Inc. (NASDAQ: TTEK), a public company, and they are principally engaged in energy related heavy civil engineering and construction since 1982. Mr. Delaney has been a director of NBT since January 2011 and has been a director of NBT Bank since 2006. He currently serves as Chair of the Compensation and Benefits Committee of the Company. Mr. Delaney’s experience as a business owner in NBT’s market area and experience as an NBT Bank director provides the Board with insight into the needs of NBT’s customers, executive management and insight into NBT’s challenges, opportunities and operations. Mr. Delaney also serves on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board which is an affiliate of the Company.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Corporate Board
 

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PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

 
 
Age: 70
Director Since:2011
 
Committees
Nominating and Corporate Governance (Chair)
Audit James H. Douglas
 
James H. Douglas, 70, is the former Governor of Vermont, a position he held for four, two-year terms, starting in 2002 and ending in 2010. Mr. Douglas has been a director of NBT and NBT Bank since January 2011. He currently serves as Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Company. Mr. Douglas served the people of Vermont for more than 35 years, having been elected to the Vermont House of Representatives after graduating from Middlebury College in 1972. Mr. Douglas was elected Secretary of State in 1980, a position he held until 1992. He was then elected as State Treasurer in 1994, a position he held until his election as Governor. Outside of government, Mr. Douglas is an executive in residence at Middlebury College and has been active in numerous community organizations. In addition, he is a director for National Life Group and National Life Insurance Company, as well as a director for Union Mutual of Vermont. Mr. Douglas’ experience in state politics provides the Board with insight into one of NBT’s newer market areas. Mr. Douglas also brings executive management and governance experience from his previous positions. Further, the skills he developed as State Treasurer provide the Board with additional finance experience.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board
 

   
Age: 52
Director Since: 2022
 
Committees
Audit
Compensation and Benefits Heidi M. Hoeller
 
Heidi M. Hoeller, 52, is a retired partner of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) with over 25 years of experience as a leader in audit and financial services. Ms. Hoeller held numerous positions at PwC from November 1993 until her retirement in June 2019. She spent most of her career in the Northeast, where she served as audit partner on a diverse portfolio of clients within the insurance sector. Prior to her retirement, she was a financial services partner in PwC’s National Quality Organization for three years. She is a director of Preferred Mutual Insurance Company, Vice Chair of the Utica University Board of Trustees, a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and a CPA licensed in New York. Ms. Hoeller was appointed to the NBT and NBT Bank Boards in January 2022.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

   
Age: 64
Director Since: 2016
 
Committees Compensation and Benefits
Risk Management Andrew S. Kowalczyk III
 
Andrew S. Kowalczyk III, 64, is an attorney and partner at Kowalczyk & Deery, LLP in Utica, New York. His practice focuses on banking, business, corporate and real estate law. He was admitted to the New York State Bar in 1983. Mr. Kowalczyk is a graduate of St. Lawrence University and Albany Law School. He is a member of the Oneida County Bar Association, the New York State Bar Association and the American Bar Association. He served on the NBT Bank Advisory Board from 2006 through 2010. He was appointed to NBT Bank’s board in October 2010 and NBT’s board in May 2016. He is a member of the board of trustees of each of Mohawk Valley Health Services (“MVHS”) a not for profit, Faxton St. Luke’s Hospital and St. Elizabeth Hospital, each a not for profit hospital corporation. MVHS is the active parent of each hospital. Mr. Kowalczyk participates as a board member and is a member of each of the audit, investment and pension committees. Mr. Kowalczyk also serves on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board which is an affiliate board of the Company. Mr. Kowalczyk brings leadership experience, legal technical expertise and Utica and Mohawk Valley area market knowledge.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Corporate Board
 

8  

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

   
Age: 65
Director Since: 2016
 
Committees
Audit
Nominating and Corporate Governance V. Daniel Robinson II
 
V. Daniel Robinson II, 65, has served on the Board of Directors of New York Central Mutual Fire Insurance Company (NYCM) since 1986, and is currently its Chairman of the Board. From 2002 to February 2022, he was the President and Chief Executive Officer of NYCM. Formerly the President and Chief Executive Officer of automobile insurer A. Central Insurance Company, a subsidiary of NYCM, from 1999 to February 2022, Mr. Robinson is now its Chairman of the Board. He has been a director of A.F. Stager Independent Adjustors since 1991 and was its President from 2018 through February 2022. He has been a member of the Excellus BlueCross BlueShield Utica Regional Advisory Board since 2014. He has served on the Board of A. O. Fox Hospital, an affiliate association with Bassett Health Care Network, from 2012 through July 2016 and continues his board membership with Basset Health Care Network. Mr. Robinson earned his bachelor’s degree in marketing from St. Bonaventure University. He was appointed to NBT Bank’s board in March 2008 and NBT’s board in May 2016. Mr. Robinson also serves on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board which is an affiliate of the Company. Mr. Robinson provides executive leadership experience and knowledge of NBT’s Central New York market.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

 
 
Age: 66
Director Since: 2016
 
Committees
Audit (Chair)
Compensation and Benefits
Risk Management Matthew J. Salanger
 
Matthew J. Salanger, 66, was the longest-serving President and Chief Executive Officer of United Health Services, Inc. (“UHS”), having held the position from 2007-2017. He also served as President and Chief Executive Officer for UHS Hospitals, including UHS Binghamton General Hospital and UHS Wilson Medical Center from 1994-2017. Upon his retirement as President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Salanger continues to provide guidance to UHS in a Senior Strategic Advisor role and as a member of the UHS Board and Executive Committee. Mr. Salanger is a Fellow of the American College of Healthcare Executives, is a member of the Binghamton University Council and completed his appointment by New York State Governor Paterson on the State’s Board of Examiners of Nursing Home Administrators. He earned his Bachelor of Arts degree at the University at Albany/SUNY and his master’s degree in hospital and health administration at Xavier University. He was appointed to NBT Bank’s board in January 2011 and NBT’s board in May 2016. He serves as Chair of the Audit Committee of NBT. Mr. Salanger brings executive leadership experience, board experience and knowledge of our Binghamton area market.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Corporate Board
 

   9

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

   
Age: 69
Director Since: 2000
 
Committees
Nominating and
Corporate Governance Joseph A. Santangelo
 
Joseph A. Santangelo, 69, is President and Chief Executive Officer of Arkell Hall Foundation Inc. Mr. Santangelo has been a director of NBT Bank and NBT since 1991 and 2000, respectively. Mr. Santangelo’s service on the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and past experience on the Compensation and Benefits Committee provides the Board with strong corporate governance and executive compensation experience. In addition, his twenty plus years of service on the Board along with his considerable experience in operating one of the largest private foundations in the upstate NY region provides him with a seasoned view of NBT’s operations and the challenges facing NBT. Mr. Santangelo also serves on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board which is an affiliate of the Company.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

   
Age: 69
Director Since: 2013
 
Committees
Audit
Nominating and Corporate Governance Lowell A. Seifter
 
Lowell A. Seifter, 69, was Senior Counsel of St. Joseph’s Hospital Health Center in Syracuse, New York through December 31, 2021. He was a founding member of Green & Seifter Attorneys, PLLC, now known as Bousquet Holstein Attorneys, PLLC, where he practiced law from 1977 until 2011. He has returned to that firm on an Of Counsel basis beginning January 1, 2022. From 2002 until 2006, Mr. Seifter was a member of the board of directors of Bridge Street Financial, Inc. and its banking subsidiary, Oswego County National Bank. From 2006 until the merger with NBT, Mr. Seifter served on the Board of Directors of Alliance Financial Corporation and its subsidiary Alliance Bank where he was Chairman of the Compensation Committee and member of the Governance, Business Development and Risk Committees. Mr. Seifter received a B.S. degree from Syracuse University, a Juris Doctor degree from Syracuse University College of Law and is a non-practicing certified public accountant. Mr. Seifter brings technical expertise, leadership experience, industry knowledge and an understanding of the Syracuse market area. Mr. Seifter also serves on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board which is an affiliate of the Company.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

10  

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

   
Age: 69
Director Since: 2013
 
Committees
Risk Management Jack H. Webb
 
Jack H. Webb, 69, was the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Alliance Financial Corporation from January 2002 until March 2013 when the company merged with NBT, at which time Mr. Webb became Executive Vice President of Strategic Support for NBT until May 2015. In March 2013, Mr. Webb also became a director of NBT and NBT Bank. Prior to the merger, he was also the President and Chief Executive Officer of Alliance Bank. He joined Alliance Financial Corporation in May 2000 after a 26-year career with Chase Manhattan Bank. He is the Chairman of the Board of Managers for Dolphin Green & Gold Fund, LLC and a member of the McNeil Academy Advisory Board for the Madden School of Business at Lemoyne College. Mr. Webb graduated from the Rochester Business Institute. His day-to-day leadership of Alliance Financial Corporation and Alliance Bank provides him with thorough knowledge of the financial services industry as well as NBT’s Syracuse market. Mr. Webb previously served on the NBT Financial Services, Inc. Board which is an affiliate board of the Company and served on the advisory board of CNY Lifetime Healthcare.
 
Skills and Qualifications:
Accounting/Finance, Regulatory, Legal, Technology/cybersecurity, Banking, CEO, Human Resources, Risk Management, Non-profit, Government, Corporate Board, Public Company Board
 

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that stockholders vote “FOR” the election of all of its director nominees.

   11

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

Board Diversity, Experience and Skills

The Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee does not have a specific diversity policy with respect to the director nomination process. Rather, the Committee considers diversity in the broader sense of how a candidate’s viewpoints, experience, skills, background and other demographics could assist the Board in light of the Board’s composition at the time. The Board believes that each director contributes to the overall diversity by providing a variety of personal and professional experiences and backgrounds. As shown below, the current directors and nominees reflect a broad diversity of gender, age, race, geographical background and experience. The Board is committed to considering diversity issues in evaluating its composition.

The following summarizes the diversity, independence, age, tenure and the main experience and skills of our Board of Directors.

 

Board Diversity Matrix

The Board of Directors views its diversity as an important strength, as our commitment to diversity of experience, gender, and ethnicity is a key driver of the Company’s success. The following table sets forth the diversity of the Board of Directors.

Board Diversity Matrix (As of April 7, 2022)
Total Number of Directors:	13
Part I: Gender Identity	Female	Male	Did Not Disclose Gender
Directors	2	10	1
Part II: Demographic Background
African American or Black	—	1	—
White	2	9	—
Did Not Disclose Demographic Background	—	—	1

12  

PROPOSAL 1: Election of Directors

 

(*)
Designated experience and skills were identified as “moderate” or “strong” by each director in his/her self-assessment

   13

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The following table sets forth information, as of February 28, 2022, with respect to the beneficial ownership of the Company’s Common Stock by: (1) each director and nominee; (2) each named executive officer; and (3) all executive officers and directors as a group. Except as otherwise indicated, each of the stockholders named below effectively exercises sole, or shared with spouse, voting and investment power with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock beneficially owned.

Directors, Nominees for Director and Named Executive Officers	Number of Shares Owned	Options Exercisable Within 60 Days (1)	Total Beneficial Ownership of NBT Bancorp Common Stock	Percent of Shares Outstanding
Johanna R. Ames (2)	206,273	—	206,273	*
J. David Brown	908	—	908	*
Patricia T. Civil (3)	30,788	3,630	34,418	*
Timothy E. Delaney (4)	47,773	—	47,773	*
Martin A. Dietrich (5)	123,582	—	123,582	*
James H. Douglas	11,680	—	11,680	*
Heidi M. Hoeller	232	—	232	*
Andrew S. Kowalczyk III	10,468	—	10,468	*
John C. Mitchell (3)	36,635	—	36,635	*
V. Daniel Robinson II (6)	557,299	—	557,299	1.29%
Matthew J. Salanger	22,610	—	22,610	*
Joseph A. Santangelo (7)	104,283	—	104,283	*
Lowell A. Seifter	48,786	—	48,786	*
Jack H. Webb	52,061	—	52,061	*
John H. Watt, Jr.	99,520	—	99,520	*
Scott A. Kingsley	10,500	—	10,500	*
Annette L. Burns	15,104	—	15,104	*
John V. Moran	469	—	469	*
Joseph R. Stagliano	86,652	—	86,652	*
Sarah A. Halliday	26,808	—	26,808	*
Amy Wiles	21,300	—	21,300	*
Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (23 persons)	1,528,992	3,630	1,532,622	3.55%

(*)
Less than one percent.

(1)
Shares under option from the 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan, which are exercisable within 60 days of February 28, 2022.

(2)
Includes 204,186 shares held by a trust for which Ms. Ames has voting discretion.

(3)
Ms. Civil and Mr. Mitchell will retire as directors upon the expiration of their terms at the 2022 annual meeting.

(4)
Includes 12,020 shares held by a trust for which Mr. Delaney has voting discretion.

(5)
Includes 5,523 shares held by a trust for which Mr. Dietrich has voting discretion.

(6)
Includes 537,558 shares held by NYCM of which Mr. Robinson was President and CEO and 4,705 shares held by a trust for which Mr. Robinson has voting discretion.

(7)
Includes 83,625 shares held by Arkell Hall Foundation Inc. of which Mr. Santangelo is President and CEO and shares investment and voting powers with that foundation’s Board of Trustees.

14  

Beneficial Ownership of Principal Holders of Voting Securities of NBT

Beneficial Ownership of Principal Holders of Voting Securities of NBT

The following table sets forth information as of February 28, 2022, except as indicated below, with respect to the beneficial ownership of common stock by any person or group as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) who is known to the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of the common stock. As of February 28, 2022, the Company had 43,125,676 outstanding shares of common stock.

Name and Addresses of Beneficial Owners	Number of Shares Nature of Beneficial Ownership (1)	Percent of Common Stock Owned
BlackRock, Inc. 55 East 52nd Street New York, NY 10055	6,337,141 (2)	14.69%
The Vanguard Group, Inc. 100 Vanguard Blvd. Malvern, PA 19355	4,714,262 (3)	10.93%

(1)
Based on information in the most recent Schedule 13D or 13G filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act with respect to holdings of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2021. In accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner, for purposes of this table, of any shares of Company common stock if such person has or shares voting power and/or investment power with respect to the security, or has the right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time within 60 days from February 28, 2022. As used herein, “voting power” includes the power to vote or direct the voting of shares and “investment power” includes the power to dispose or direct the disposition of shares.

(2)
BlackRock, Inc. reported that it has sole dispositive power over 6,337,141 shares (14.68% of outstanding shares) and sole voting power over 6,261,694 shares (14.51% of outstanding shares) of Company common stock as of December 31, 2021.

(3)
The Vanguard Group, Inc. reported that it has sole dispositive and voting power over 4,638,357 shares and shared dispositive and voting power over 75,905 shares of NBT common stock as of December 31, 2021, or an aggregate of 10.92% of Company shares outstanding as of such date.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Our directors and executive officers must, under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, file certain reports of their initial ownership of our common stock and of changes in beneficial ownership of our securities. Based solely on a review of reports submitted to NBT, or written representations from reporting persons that all reportable transactions were reported, the Company believes that during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to NBT’s officers and directors were complied with on a timely basis with the exception of one transaction for Mr. Brown reported in a late filing by the Company.

   15

Corporate Governance

Corporate Governance

The business and affairs of the Company are managed under the direction of the Board of Directors. Members of the Board are kept informed of the Company’s business through discussions with the Company’s executive officers, by reviewing materials provided to them and by participating in meetings and strategic planning sessions of the Board and its committees. The Board has adopted corporate governance practices and policies which the Board and senior management believe promote sound and effective corporate governance.

Director Independence

Based on a review of the responses of the directors to questions regarding employment and compensation history, affiliations and family and other relationships and on individual discussions with directors, the Board has determined that all directors, excluding Mr. Watt, meet the standards of independence set forth by the NASDAQ Stock Market. In making this determination, the Board considered transactions and relationships between each director or his or her immediate family and the Company and its subsidiaries, including those reported under “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions” included herein. Mr. Watt is not independent because he is the current President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

The independent members of the Board meet at least twice annually in an executive session where the non-independent director and management are excused. Lead Director John Mitchell chaired these executive sessions.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all employees, as well as each member of the Company’s Board of Directors. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available at the Company’s website at www.nbtbancorp.com/bncp/corporategov.html.

Board Policy Regarding Communications with the Board

The Board of Directors maintains a process for stockholders to communicate with the Board of Directors. Stockholders wishing to communicate with the Board of Directors should send any communication to Corporate Secretary, NBT Bancorp Inc., 52 South Broad Street, Norwich, New York 13815. Any such communication must state the name of the stockholder and the number of shares beneficially owned by the stockholder making the communication. The Corporate Secretary will forward such communication to the full Board of Directors or to any individual director or directors to whom the communication is directed unless the communication is unduly hostile, threatening, illegal or similarly inappropriate. At each Board meeting, a member of management presents a summary of all communications received since the last meeting, if applicable, that were not forwarded and makes those communications available on request.

The Board’s Role in Risk Oversight

The Board of Directors, together with the Audit Committee, the Risk Management Committee, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Compensation and Benefits Committee coordinate with each other to provide enterprise-wide oversight of our management and handling of risk. These committees report regularly to the full Board of Directors on risk-related matters and provide the Board of Directors with insight about our management of strategic, credit, interest rate, liquidity, compliance, operational and reputational risks. In addition, at meetings of the Board of Directors and its committees, directors receive regular updates and reports from management regarding risk management practices, including credit quality, financial reporting, technology, internal controls, compliance, legal matters and asset liability and liquidity management, among others. Furthermore, current risk management issues are discussed regularly with the Board of Directors and its committees.

The Risk Management Committee consists of seven directors, of which six are independent directors, as follows: Ms. Civil (Chair), Ms. Ames, Mr. Dietrich, Mr. Kowalczyk, Mr. Salanger, Mr. Watt and Mr. Webb. Ms. Hoeller was added to the Committee upon her appointment to the Board in January 2022. The primary purpose of the Risk Management Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in:

• Overseeing the Company’s risk management activities and the effectiveness of the Company’s enterprise risk management (“ERM”) framework;

16  

Corporate Governance

• Overseeing management’s policies and procedures to identify, measure, monitor and control operational, compliance, regulatory, legal, strategic and reputational risks that confront the Company;

• Establishing and aligning risk appetite with strategic objectives and strategic planning; and

• Overseeing the performance of the Company’s Risk Management Division personnel.

The Risk Management Committee charter outlines more specific duties and responsibilities of the committee.

Board Leadership Structure

The Board of Directors does not have a policy on whether the same person may serve as both the chief executive officer and chair of the board or, if the roles are separate, whether the chair should be selected from the non-employee directors. The Board believes that it should have the flexibility to make these determinations at any given point in time in the way that it believes best to provide appropriate leadership for the Company at that time. Currently, Mr. Watt serves as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, while Mr. Dietrich serves as the Chair of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors believes that this leadership structure best serves the Company at this time because it allows Mr. Watt to focus on the Company’s operations and strategy, while Mr. Dietrich, among other things, can provide leadership for the Board of Directors, set the agenda for meetings and enable other directors to raise issues and concerns for Board consideration without immediately involving the Chief Executive Officer or other management. The Board of Directors believes it currently benefits from having a director, who is also a former executive officer of the Company, as its Chair. Mr. Mitchell serves as the Lead Director, providing an independent point of contact for the Board of Directors.

Director Attendance at Board Meetings and Annual Meetings

During 2021, the Board held eight meetings. Each incumbent director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of: (1) the total number of meetings of the Board held during the period that the individual served; and (2) the total number of meetings held by all committees of the Board on which the director served during the period that the individual served. In addition, as reflected in our Corporate Governance Guidelines, we have adopted a policy strongly encouraging directors to attend our Annual Meeting of stockholders. All directors attended the 2021 Annual Meeting, and we expect that all directors will attend the 2022 Annual Meeting.

   17

Corporate Governance

Committees of the Board of Directors

Our Board has a number of standing committees, including a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Audit Committee, Compensation and Benefits Committee and Risk Management Committee. The Board has determined that all of the directors who serve on the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Audit Committee and Compensation and Benefits Committee are independent for purposes of NASDAQ Rule 5605 and that the members of the Audit Committee are also “independent” for purposes of Section 10A(m)(3) of the Exchange Act. A table showing the members of each of these committees follows:

Director	Nominating and Corporate Governance	Audit	Compensation and Benefits	Risk Management
Johanna R. Ames	✔			✔
J. David Brown		✔	✔
Patricia T. Civil	✔	✔	✔	Chair
Timothy E. Delaney		✔	Chair
Martin A. Dietrich				✔
James H. Douglas	Chair	✔
Heidi M. Hoeller		✔	✔
Andrew S. Kowalczyk III			✔	✔
John C. Mitchell	✔		✔
V. Daniel Robinson II	✔	✔
Matthew J. Salanger		Chair	✔	✔
Joseph A. Santangelo	✔
Lowell A. Seifter	✔	✔
John H. Watt, Jr.				✔
Jack H. Webb				✔

A description of each of these committees follows:

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for determining the qualification of and nominating persons for election to the Board of Directors, including (if applicable) stockholder nominations that comply with the notice procedures set forth by SEC rules and the Company’s Bylaws. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also formulates our corporate governance guidelines and functions to ensure successful development of management at the senior level and succession planning, as applicable. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee regularly evaluates our corporate governance process against current trends and provides recommendations to the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors has adopted a written charter for the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, a copy of which is available on the Company’s website at www.nbtbancorp.com/bncp/corporategov.html. This committee met five times during 2021.

The Board of Directors believes that it should be comprised of directors who possess the highest personal and professional ethics, integrity and values, and who shall have demonstrated exceptional ability and judgment and who shall be most effective in representing the long-term interests of the stockholders. While the Board of Directors and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee have no formal policy on board diversity, diversity is considered by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in determining the qualification of and nominating persons for election to the Board of Directors.

When considering candidates for the Board of Directors, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee takes into account the candidate’s qualifications, experience and independence from management. In addition, in accordance with the Company’s Bylaws:

• Every director must be a citizen of the United States;

• Each director must own $1,000 aggregate book value of the Company’s common stock (see ownership guidelines for continuing directors included herein); and

• No person shall serve as a director beyond the Company’s Annual Meeting following the date upon which he or she shall have attained the age of 72 years.

18  

Corporate Governance

When seeking candidates for director, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may solicit suggestions from incumbent directors, management or others. The Committee also has the authority to retain any search firm to assist in the identification of director candidates. The Committee will review the qualifications and experience of each candidate. If the Committee believes a candidate would be a valuable addition to the Board, it will recommend to the full Board that candidate’s election.

The Company’s Bylaws also permit stockholders eligible to vote at the Annual Meeting to nominate director candidates, but only if such nominations are made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the CEO of NBT. To be timely, notice must be delivered to, or mailed to and received at, the principal executive offices of NBT at least 150 days prior to the one-year anniversary of the date immediately preceding the prior year’s Annual Meeting of stockholders. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will consider candidates for director suggested by stockholders applying the criteria for candidates described above and considering the additional information required by Article III, Section 4 of the Company’s Bylaws, which must be set forth in a stockholder’s notice of nomination. Article III, Section 4 of the Company’s Bylaws requires that the notice include: (1) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director, (a) the name and address of such person and (b) the principal occupation or employment of such person; and (2) as to the stockholder giving notice (a) the name and address of such stockholder, (b) the number of shares of the Company that will be voted for the proposed nominee by such stockholder (including shares to be voted by proxy) and (c) the number of shares of the Company which are beneficially owned by such stockholder.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee represents our Board in fulfilling its statutory and fiduciary responsibilities for independent audits of NBT’s consolidated financial statements, including monitoring accounting and financial reporting practices and financial information distributed to stockholders and the general public. Directors on our Audit Committee meet the expanded independence requirements of audit committee members. In addition, our Board of Directors has determined that Ms. Civil, Ms. Hoeller and Mr. Seifter are “audit committee financial experts” as that term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K.

This Committee met four times in 2021. Responsibilities and duties of this Committee are discussed more fully in the Audit Committee Report herein and in the Audit Committee’s charter, which is available on the Company’s website at www.nbtbancorp.com/bncp/corporategov.html.

Compensation and Benefits Committee

All of the Company’s Compensation and Benefits Committee members are independent directors, as determined by the Board, and as such term is defined in the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules as they apply to the Company.

The Committee is responsible for the development, oversight and administration of the Company’s compensation program. The Committee works closely with the Company’s CEO and Executive Vice President of Human Resources to implement our compensation program. In addition, the Committee engages in executive sessions without Company management present.

The Committee regularly reviews our compensation practices and policies and recommends to the Board of Directors the compensation and benefits for the CEO, directors and executive management team, including the named executive officers. In making compensation recommendations to the Board of Directors for the named executive officers, the Committee relies substantially on the recommendations of the CEO and, in the case of the CEO’s compensation, upon the recommendation of the Chair of the Board. The Committee generally determines the compensation for the named executive officers at its December meeting preceding the commencement of the fiscal year in which the compensation will be paid or earned, or in its January meeting of such fiscal year.

The CEO’s compensation reflects the Committee’s evaluation of his performance measured against the following criteria: (1) implementation of the Company’s short and long-term strategies; (2) financial and operating performance; (3) management development; (4) customer service; and (5) leadership in positioning the Company to meet the significant operational and regulatory challenges of the evolving financial services industry. The Committee may use its discretion to deviate from or modify compensation policies and recommendations, but does so rarely, and typically, only in unusual circumstances.

   19

Corporate Governance

The Committee also administers the Company’s Defined Benefit Pension Plan (“Pension Plan”), 401(k) & Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the “401(k) Plan & ESOP”), the 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”) and the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan,” and together with the 2008 Plan, the “Omnibus Plans”) and awards outstanding under prior equity plans. Pursuant to the terms of the Company’s 2018 Plan, which is the Company’s active equity plan, the Committee may delegate its authority to grant awards to nonexecutive officers under such plan to a member of the Board and the Committee has granted such authority, within certain defined limits, to Mr. Watt. A charter that reflects these responsibilities and delegated authority, which the Committee and the Board periodically review and revise, governs the Committee. A copy of the charter is available on the Company’s website at www.nbtbancorp.com/bncp/corporategov.html. The Committee met four times in 2021.

Risk Management Committee

The Risk Management Committee was established in 2018 and oversees the Company’s risk management activities and the effectiveness of its ERM framework. The Committee also reviews periodic reports related to the Company’s compliance program and legal and regulatory matters. The Committee is responsible for oversight of operational risk, including Company action related to information security, technology, fraud, privacy, business continuity and disaster recovery, vendor management, data governance and insurance coverage.

Environmental, Social and Governance

Our Board of Directors recognizes that Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) principals are important to the Company’s various stakeholders including stockholders, customers, communities and employees, and desires to drive positive social and environmental impact. The Board further believes that the Company’s reputation for integrity and corporate responsibility are bedrock principles and the ESG framework provides an opportunity to define, measure, and highlight our values to the Company’s stakeholders. Accordingly, the Board has committed to the following:

• Oversight of ESG matters at the Board level and active participation and monitoring of the Company’s ESG efforts within the Nominating and Governance Committee;

• Commitment to each of the three pillars – Environmental, Social, and Governance – with action plans for each pillar;

• Regular assessment of existing ESG practices within the Company and identification of opportunities for further development;

• Public disclosure of the Company’s efforts and measurement of progress and results;

Environmental

The Company offers a financing product to homeowners on a national basis which provides an opportunity to power their homes with sustainable solar energy. It enables households to reduce their carbon footprint at an affordable price. Services like mobile and online banking, remote deposit capture, electronic loan payments, eStatements and combined statements enable us to support all customers in their efforts to consume less fuel and paper. We continue to digitize loan origination and deposit account opening processes, reducing trips to the bank and paper documents for our customers. Across our footprint, we host community shred days with multiple confidential document destruction companies to promote safe document disposal and recycling.

The Company is focused on the environment and committed to business practices and activities that encourage sustainability and minimize our environmental impact. In larger facilities, the Company conserves energy through the use of building energy management systems and motion sensor lighting controls. In new construction and renovations, the Company incorporates high-efficiency mechanical equipment, LED lighting, and modern building techniques to reduce our carbon footprint wherever possible. The Company has an ongoing initiative to replace existing lighting with LED lighting to reduce energy consumption.

Social – Commitment to Our Communities

We are committed to strengthening the communities we serve through volunteerism and philanthropy, serving as a leader in our local communities. The Company is engaged in the communities where we do business and where our employees and directors live and work. We live out our core values of community involvement through investments of both money and the time of our employees.

20  

Corporate Governance

Through our active contribution program, administered by market-based committees with representation from all lines of business, the Company contributed nearly $2.0 million in 2021, a 43% increase from 2020. Our teams’ efforts to distribute philanthropic resources across our footprint ensure alignment with local needs and support for hundreds of organizations that provide health and human services and promote education, affordable housing, economic development, the arts and agriculture.

A consistent way that the Company and our employees support our communities across our markets is through giving to United Way chapters in the form of corporate pledges and employee campaign contributions. In 2021, these commitments resulted in over $375,000 in funding for United Way chapters that provide resources to local organizations offering critical education, financial, food security and health services.

In addition to corporate financial support of community organizations and causes, employees are encouraged and empowered to volunteer and be a resource in their communities. They invest their financial and other expertise as board members and serve in roles where they offer direct support to those in need by engaging in all manner of volunteer activities. New employees participate in an onboarding experience that includes a community service activity.

We are also committed to helping the individuals in our communities develop their financial health. The Company offers a comprehensive array of financial products and services with options that are beneficial to unbanked and underbanked individuals. Deposit accounts include low balance savings and checking options that features minimal or no monthly service fees, provide assistance rebuilding positive relationships, and assistance for those just starting a new banking relationship. The new NBT iSelect Account was certified as meeting the Bank On National Account Standard with no monthly charges for maintenance, inactivity or dormancy, no overdraft fees and no minimum balance requirement. An enhanced digital banking platform incorporates ready access through online and mobile services to current credit score information and a personal financial management tool for budget and expense tracking.

The Company is focused on making home ownership accessible to everyone in the communities we serve. Our suite of home lending products features innovative and flexible options, including government guaranteed programs like Federal Housing Administration and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs loans as well as programs developed in-house like our First Home Loan, Habitat for Humanity, Home in the City and Portfolio 97 programs. Our home lending team includes affordable housing loan originators, and we maintain longstanding relationships with affordable housing agency partners across our banking footprint that offer first-time homebuyer education programs and assistance with down payments and closing costs.

Social – Commitment to Our People

The Company has a long-standing commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion (“DEI”) and has retooled our initiatives to take into consideration our remote and hybrid working conditions over the past 18 months. Our Chief Diversity Officer led both grassroots and Executive sponsored strategies to continue our DEI journey. Executive sponsored strategies include providing leadership opportunities with cross-functional/geographic teams, webinars and virtual sessions on topics such as working parents and providing contribution support to employee interests such as fundraisers for the LGBTQ community. Grassroot efforts include more focus and awareness of various cultural and diverse interest from our company-wide DEI Roundtable. The Roundtable also provided an internal forum called NBT Communities where employees with similar interest across our footprint have a way to get to know each other. Our DEI Steering Committee is comprised of members of the executive team, including our Chief Executive Officer. The plan is shared with our Board of Directors, management and employees, who are often included in implementing specific action items. Both the Roundtable and the Steering Committee utilized data from our September 2021 Employee Engagement survey to understand perspectives and create specific initiatives addressing employee feedback and perceptions. More information can be located on the Company’s website at https://www.nbtbank.com/about-us/Diversity-and-Inclusion/.

The Company’s focus on investing in our people includes key initiatives to attract, develop and retain our valued employees. Talent acquisition and more importantly, retention, are top priorities in the post-coronavirus (“COVID-19”) “great resignation” and boomer generation transition to retirement. While our employee retention rate remains consistently high, significant effort is placed on retaining our valued employees - various compensation strategies, stay interviews, career planning conversations, an on-going coaching process instead of annual performance appraisals, and enhanced communications all play a part in employee satisfaction. Our 2021 Employee Engagement

   21

Corporate Governance

survey provided insights leading to specific initiatives to enhance future engagement including clarity around business strategies, decision making and development opportunities. The Company offers total rewards that address employees at various stages of their personal lives and careers, including a student loan repayment program, enhanced financial and emotional wellness programs and initiatives, undergraduate and graduation tuition, paid parental leave, recently enhanced paid time off, additional flexibility in work schedules with hybrid and remote work, paid leave benefits and a retirement transition option. The Company’s incentive programs recognize all full-time employees at all levels and are designed to motivate employees to support achievement of company success, with appropriate risk assessment and prevention measures designed to prevent fraud.

The Company focuses on the future by encouraging and promoting internal talent development. During the pandemic, emphasis was placed on connecting our employees using Microsoft Teams to ensure employees would be successful working and leading in a remote work environment. This past year the Company doubled the number of participants in our development programs to encourage individual growth and foster retention. The Management Development Program aims at attracting qualified diverse college graduates. The program consists of accelerated advancement, mentoring with senior executives and targeted benefit programs. The Professional Development Program provide an entry point for early career professionals. This 12-18 month program provides an overview of banking functions ultimately placing employees with working knowledge in positions of responsibility around the Company. The Emerging Leaders program is intended for employees who have approximately 5-7 years of professional experience who may or may not have had prior leadership experience but shows potential for becoming a future leader for the Company. This program works on developing the essential leadership skills and building confidence. The Star Impact program is designed to further develop leaders who are already established in their leadership roles who demonstrate potential for assuming expanded responsibility in role or through promotion. This program is designed to further develop and strengthen leadership styles and it includes feedback, coaching, networking and team building. Employees have access to career paths and career exploration programs throughout a variety of business areas, supported by mentors, individual development plans and internal learning resources. To support this process, we employ an internal career manager to work as a liaison with employees and managers to direct their personal career aspirations. The Company also has a robust talent review and succession planning process. Significant time is spent at the Board and Management level identifying and providing development opportunities for potential successors.

The Company seeks to further refine its workforce programs through its employee engagement survey which is planned on an annual basis with follow up pulse surveys in the interim. In addition to the pulse surveys conducted to understand employee well-being, attitudes about remote work, productivity and work-life balance during the last 18 months, a full Engagement Survey was completed in September 2021 to discover more about overall employee engagement. We were pleased at the high level of participation and overall engagement at the same high level as pre-pandemic. Divisional and Corporate actions have been developed to address areas employees would like to be more knowledgeable and involved in. The Company believes our engaged employees will drive retention and effort, ultimately correlating to a better experience for our customers.

Governance

We are dedicated to being a financial industry leader in corporate governance and business ethics. The Company’s Board of Directors is composed of individuals with diverse professional and business experience. All of our directors, other than the Chief Executive Officer, are independent. They all share a commitment to fostering an effective risk environment coupled with a strong internal audit structure. Their unwavering commitment protects our clients, stockholders and reputation. Our Code of Ethics reflects the Company’s expectation for the conduct of our directors, officers and employees. Through recurring training and disclosures, as well as periodic communication related to specific topics, the Company maintains the highest level of ethical conduct.

Our Board of Directors believes that a fully engaged Board of Directors is a strategic asset of the Company, and that knowledgeable and fresh viewpoints and perspectives are important for informed decision-making. The Board of Directors regularly evaluates whether it collectively has the right mix of skills, experience, attributes and diverse viewpoints necessary for it to drive stockholder value. The results of this evaluation are used to help identify the desirable skills for potential Board of Directors nominees and to screen director candidates. In the past four years, the Board of Directors has nominated three new directors to the Board, two of them diverse. The Board will continue to seek and recruit highly-talented and diverse director candidates in the future, as we expect several Board positions will become available through natural refreshment due to the Company’s age of 72 retirement standard.

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Corporate Governance

In addition to the foregoing commitments, our Board of Directors believes in strong governance practices, including:

• A non-classified Board with annual director elections

• Maintenance of independent committees of the Board with independent chairs and an Independent Lead Director

• Regular executive sessions of the Board of Directors independent of management

• Meaningful stock ownership guidelines for directors

Finally, our Board understands the importance of aligning performance with compensation. Our compensation philosophy and programs for executives are balanced and risk appropriate, demonstrate long-term alignment with sustained performance and stockholder interests, and provide a competitive and effective program to attract, motivate, and retain the best talent.

Cybersecurity

The Company is committed to cybersecurity and vigilantly protecting all clients, resources and information from unauthorized access. The Company has implemented a strategic approach to cybersecurity and performs semi-annual cybersecurity penetration tests and formal cybersecurity maturity assessments via a third party to ensure that we are consistent with security best practices. The Company's cybersecurity approach incorporates a layered portfolio of technology products and tools, documented policies, end-user training and dedicated resources to manage and monitor the evolving threat landscape. We employ dedicated cybersecurity personnel to focus on preventing, identifying, and detecting cybersecurity risks. We use advanced next generation protection technologies to rapidly detect and investigate any evidence of malicious activity, which allows us to quickly isolate systems to contain and prevent damage and restore systems. Incidents are required to be internally reported, including to the Board of Directors, if material or appropriate. The Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing cybersecurity risks and management provides the Board of Directors with updates on current cybersecurity projects and industry trends on at least a quarterly basis. Our cybersecurity personnel regularly evaluate risks and opportunities to improve our cybersecurity program. In addition, controls related to the Company's information technology environment are tested as part of our Sarbanes-Oxley audit.

Policy on Recovery of Awards

Incentive Compensation Clawback Policy

In the event of a restatement of incorrect financial results, the Company’s Compensation and Benefits Committee (the “Committee”) will review all cash and equity incentive awards made under the Company’s Omnibus Plans that were paid or awarded to executive officers (within the meaning of Rule 3b-7 of the Exchange Act) for performance periods beginning on and after January 1, 2019, which occur during the restatement period. If any such awards would have been lower had the level of achievement of applicable financial performance goals been calculated based on such restated financial results, the Committee will, if it determines appropriate in its sole discretion, to the extent permitted by governing law, require the reimbursement of the incremental portion of the awards in excess of the awards that would have been paid based on the restated financial results.

Furthermore, if the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company as a result of misconduct with regard to any financial reporting requirement under applicable securities laws, the individuals subject to the automatic forfeiture provisions under Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any other employee who knowingly engaged in the misconduct, was grossly negligent in engaging in the misconduct, knowingly failed to prevent the misconduct or was grossly negligent in failing to prevent the misconduct, shall reimburse the Company the amount of any payment in settlement of an award earned or accrued during the 12-month period following the first public issuance or filing with the SEC (whichever first occurred) of the financial document that contained such material noncompliance.

Equity Compensation Clawback Policy

The Committee may specify in an award that a grantee’s rights, payments, and benefits with respect to the award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture, or recoupment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, in addition to any otherwise applicable vesting or performance conditions of the award. Such events may include, but

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Corporate Governance

shall not be limited to, termination of employment for cause, termination of the grantee’s provision of services to the Company, violation of material Company policies, breach of noncompetition, confidentiality, or other restrictive covenants that may apply to the grantee, or other conduct by the grantee that is detrimental to the business or reputation of the Company. These provisions will generally be limited to a three year look-back from the occurrence of the event that gives rise to the forfeiture.

Director Compensation

A directors’ compensation analysis, including a peer comparison, was completed in 2020. The goal of the study was to evaluate our director compensation against our peer group to ensure the Company’s compensation practices for our directors is consistent with banks our size and within our similar markets. The analysis revealed that director compensation was aligned with peer median after adjusting board chair and equity retainer in 2019 from $30,000 to $35,000. No changes were made to director compensation in 2021. The peer group methodology used in the director compensation analysis was consistent with the methodology outlined herein.

Set forth below is the fee schedule for non-executive directors as of December 31, 2021:

	Cash	Restricted Stock Units
Annual Retainer Fees
Chair:
NBT Bancorp Inc. Board	$50,000	$17,500
NBT Bank, N.A. Board	$50,000	$17,500
Audit Committee	$15,000	$—
Risk Committee	$15,000	$—
All Other Committees	$10,000	$—
Affiliate Board	$3,000	$—
Member:
NBT Bancorp Inc. Board	$22,500	$17,500
NBT Bank, N.A. Board	$22,500	$17,500
Fee per Board Meeting	$1,500	$—
Fee per Committee Meeting	$1,200	$—

The restricted stock unit awards in 2021 were issued pursuant to the 2018 Plan. The restricted stock units awarded to the non-employee directors vest one-third annually beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date.

Director Compensation Table

Name	Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) (1)	Stock Awards ($) (2) (3)	All Other Compensation ($) (4)	Total ($)
Johanna R. Ames	71,100	33,069	71	104,240
J. David Brown	60,600	33,069	—	93,669
Patricia T. Civil (5)	98,100	33,069	2,526	133,695
Timothy E. Delaney	83,800	33,069	734	117,603
Martin A. Dietrich	129,700	33,069	10,643	173,412
James H. Douglas	87,100	33,069	—	120,169
Andrew S. Kowalczyk III	78,000	33,069	2,475	113,544
John C. Mitchell (5)	77,100	33,069	9,330	119,499
V. Daniel Robinson II	76,200	33,069	—	109,269
Matthew J. Salanger	93,300	33,069	1,079	127,448
Joseph A. Santangelo	75,000	33,069	9,958	118,027
Lowell A. Seifter	75,000	33,069	5,830	113,899
Robert A. Wadsworth (6)	11,700	—	1,319	13,019
Jack H. Webb	85,900	33,069	1,725	120,694

(1)
Includes all fees earned during the fiscal year, whether such fees were paid currently or deferred.

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Corporate Governance

(2)
These amounts reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock unit awards computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718. The director restricted stock unit awards granted for fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, were issued as of May 25, 2021, and the per share fair market value was $38.63. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are materially consistent with those that are included in footnote 13 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements contained in its Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(3)
The aggregate number of outstanding awards as of December 31, 2021, is as follows:

Name	Options Exercisable Stock Units	Unvested Restricted
Johanna R. Ames	​1,414	—
J. David Brown	908	—
Patricia T. Civil	2,045	3,630
Timothy E. Delaney	2,045	—
Martin A. Dietrich	2,045	—
James H. Douglas	2,045	—
Andrew S. Kowalczyk III	2,045	—
John C. Mitchell	2,045	—
V. Daniel Robinson II	2,045	—
Matthew J. Salanger	2,045	—
Joseph A. Santangelo	2,045	—
Lowell A. Seifter	2,045	—
Jack H. Webb	2,045	—

(4)
All other compensation includes: cash dividends received on restricted stock and deferred stock granted pursuant to the Non-Employee Directors’ Restricted and Deferred Stock Plan and the Omnibus Plans for all non-employee directors totaling $28,154; and in the case of Ms. Civil and Mr. Mitchell only, also includes health and/or dental/vision insurance offered through the Company as part of legacy director benefit plans no longer offered, in the amount of $142 and $3,654, respectively. Mr. Seifter’s all other compensation also includes dividends paid through the Alliance Financial Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan. Mr. Dietrich’s all other compensation also includes amounts earned as an employee of the Company prior to retirement as follows: $6,705 in health and life insurance premiums and $3,938 for the value of split dollar life insurance premiums paid.

(5)
Ms. Civil and Mr. Mitchell will retire as directors upon the expiration of their terms at the 2022 annual meeting.

(6)
Mr. Wadsworth retired as a director upon the expiration of his term at the 2021 annual meeting.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

This section discusses the Company’s executive compensation philosophy, guidelines and programs, and the material factors affecting the Company’s decisions regarding the compensation of its named executive officers (“NEOs”). This information is presented to give our stockholders a clear and comprehensive picture of the Company’s executive compensation program and its individual components. It also describes the process followed by the Compensation and Benefits Committee (the “Committee”) for making compensation decisions, as well as its rationale for specific decisions related to 2021.

Named Executive Officers of NBT Bancorp Inc.

The following table sets forth certain information for the Named Executive Officers (“NEOs”) of the Company in 2021.

Name	Age at December 31, 2021	Positions Held with NBT and NBT Bank
John H. Watt, Jr.	63	President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”)
Scott A. Kingsley	57	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”)
Annette L. Burns (1)	49	Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
		Former Interim Chief Financial Officer
John V. Moran (2)	45	Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Joseph R. Stagliano	53	Executive Vice President, President of Retail Community
		Banking and Chief Information Officer
Sarah A. Halliday	51	Executive Vice President and President of Commercial Banking
Amy Wiles	63	Executive Vice President and Chief Credit and Risk Officer

(1)
Ms. Burns held the position of Interim CFO effective May 8, 2021 through July 5, 2021.

(2)
Mr. Moran resigned from his position as CFO effective May 7, 2021.

Biographical information regarding the NEOs is set forth below. Information regarding Mr. Watt can be found under the section Board Nominees for 2022 found herein.

Scott A. Kingsley, has been Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since he joined the Company on July 6, 2021. Prior to joining NBT, he was a member of the leadership team at Community Bank System, Inc. where he served as Chief Operating Officer and prior to that as Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Kingsley started his career with PricewaterhouseCoopers and was employed there for eight years before joining the Carlisle Companies, Inc., a large publicly traded manufacturer and distributor, where he served first as Corporate Controller and then as Chief Financial Officer of its Carlisle Engineered Products operating division. A Certified Public Accountant, Mr. Kingsley earned his bachelor’s degree in Accounting at Clarkson University. He is a community leader and volunteer, serving on the Crouse Health Foundation Board of Trustees and on the Audit and Finance Committee for the Catholic Diocese of Syracuse.

Annette L. Burns, Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer, served as interim Chief Financial Officer from May 8, 2021 to July 5, 2021. A Certified Public Accountant, Ms. Burns has over 25 years of experience in accounting and finance. She joined the Company in March 2013 when NBT acquired Alliance Bank and was promoted to Corporate Controller later that year. At Alliance, Ms. Burns held the position of Vice President of Financial Reporting and Accounting Policy. Prior to that, she held leadership positions in finance with Pathfinder Bank as Controller, and PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP as Business Assurance Manager. Ms. Burns earned her bachelor’s degree in business administration from St. Bonaventure University. She currently serves on the Board of Directors for the Chenango Arts Council and United Way of Chenango County.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

John V. Moran, was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from November 2019 to May 7, 2021. Prior to joining NBT, he was Senior Vice President and Director of Corporate Development & Strategy for Old National Bancorp, a $20 billion financial services holding company based in Evansville, Indiana. In addition to his role at Old National Bancorp, Mr. Moran has significant experience in corporate finance and investment research. Prior to joining Old National Bancorp he was previously employed by Macquarie Capital and, prior to that by Cohen & Company and Ryan Beck & Co. Mr. Moran graduated from Rutgers University with a BA and an MBA and earned a MS in Real Estate Development from Columbia University. Mr. Moran is also a CFA Charterholder.

Joseph R. Stagliano, has been Executive Vice President and President of Retail Community Banking since January 2019 and Chief Information Officer since 2006. Mr. Stagliano joined the Company in 1999 and held a number of leadership positions in Operations. In 2008, Mr. Stagliano was promoted to Executive Vice President and joined NBT’s Executive Management Team. He advanced to the position of Executive Vice President, Operations and Retail Banking in 2016. Mr. Stagliano has over twenty-five years of experience in the financial services industry. Prior to joining the Company, he was employed by MetLife where he held leadership roles in customer service and call center management. Mr. Stagliano holds a Bachelor’s Degree in business and public management from SUNY Polytechnic Institute, formerly the State University of New York Institute of Technology in Utica. His community activities include serving on the Board of Directors of UHS Chenango Memorial Hospital and Norwich Building Tomorrow Foundation Inc. He is a past member of the board of education for the Norwich City School District.

Sarah A. Halliday has been Executive Vice President and President of Commercial Banking, with responsibility for NBT’s Commercial Banking Division since she joined the Company in January 2017. She has thirty years of experience in banking and commercial lending. Prior to joining the Company, she was employed at M&T Bank as Capital Region Market President. Ms. Halliday also worked for the New York Business Development Corporation for eleven years as Vice President and Loan Officer. She started her career with Fleet Bank. Ms. Halliday earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from Colgate University, graduating with honors in Economics. She is involved in several community and professional organizations, including the Junior Achievement of Northeastern New York, the foundation for the St. Anne Institute (emeritus board member) and on the Community Scholars committee of Union College.

Amy Wiles is Executive Vice President and Chief Credit and Risk Officer. She joined the Company in 2015 as Senior Vice President and Chief Credit Officer. In 2017, she assumed the additional role of Chief Risk Officer, providing leadership for the Company’s Credit Administration and Risk Management Division. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Wiles was Executive Vice President and Group Credit Executive for Key Bank’s Community Bank Division. Ms. Wiles previously was employed by JP Morgan Chase. A native of Syracuse, New York, Ms. Wiles earned her Bachelor’s Degree from Colgate University and her MBA from the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business. Ms. Wiles is a member of the national Risk Management Association’s Credit Risk Council and its Mid-Tier Bank Council. She also serves on the boards of the Volunteer Lawyers Project of Central New York, Inc. and Community Memorial Hospital Foundation.

Executive Summary

The Company has a strong pay for performance culture. Our executive compensation programs are designed to reward the NEOs for making decisions that lead to consistent financial performance and value creation for our stockholders. In 2021, the Company achieved record earnings. The NEOs achieved 113% of their targeted opportunity under the annual Executive Incentive Compensation Plan (“EICP”) and 120.0% of their targeted opportunity in performance-vesting stock awards in the first year of the performance period.

2021 Business Highlights

The following highlights demonstrate the Company’s financial performance during 2021:

• Increased diluted earnings per share by 49.4%.

• Increased net income by 48.4% from 2020.

• Loan growth was 5% excluding Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

• Participated in the Small Business Administration’s PPP which provided over 6,100 loans totaling $835 million in 2020 and 2021, supporting small businesses in our footprint.

• Strong credit quality metrics including charge-offs of 0.13% and allowance to loans at 1.23% of total loans.

Below is a summary of key financial metrics and results for 2021. Refer to the “Pay for Performance” section herein for a summary of our pay for performance analysis.

Performance Metric	2021
Net Income ($ Millions)	$154.9
Diluted earnings per share	$3.54
Return on Average Assets (“ROAA”)	1.33%
Return on Average Equity	12.71%
Return on Average Tangible Equity (“ROATE”)	16.92%
Loan Growth	4.7%
Average Demand Deposit Growth	23.2%
Nonperforming Assets (“NPA”) to Total Assets	0.27%

The following table provides the non-GAAP reconciliation:

(Dollars in Millions)	2021
Net Income	$154.9
Amortization of Intangible Assets (Net of Tax)	2.1
Net Income, Excluding Intangible Amortization	$157.0
Average Stockholders’ Equity	$1,218.4
Less: Average Goodwill and Other Intangibles	290.8
Average Tangible Common Equity	$927.6
Return on Average Tangible Common Equity	16.92%

Say-on-Pay Results

The Company’s continued focus is on aligning its compensation plans with business objectives, performance, stockholder interests and the practices of its peers. The Company considered the 97.0% non-binding advisory basis approval of the executive compensation of its NEOs by its stockholders at the Annual Meeting on May 25, 2021 to be a strong endorsement of its compensation programs. The Company also considered feedback from stockholders and commentary received from proxy advisory groups and independent compensation consultants to evaluate compensation practices. Proxy advisory groups were generally supportive of the Company’s pay practices, and no significant concerns have been identified.

Based on the results of the most recent non-binding stockholder advisory vote on the frequency of stockholder votes on executive compensation, the Compensation Committee and the Board determined that a stockholder advisory vote on executive compensation will take place every year, until and unless our stockholders vote to hold such an advisory vote with a different frequency, at which time the Board will carefully consider the stockholder vote resulting from the proposal and continue to evaluate the options for how frequently it holds “say-on-pay” votes.

What Guides Our Program

Overview

Recently, the Compensation Committee of the Board (“the Committee”) adopted a formal Executive Officer Compensation Philosophy to guide compensation decisions. At the heart of this is a belief in a strong pay for performance culture and that its executive compensation philosophy must create long-term stockholder value. The strategy of the Committee is to design an executive compensation program that is both competitive with comparably sized financial institutions and furthers the objectives of the Company through strong performance results. The Committee regularly evaluates the compensation components in order to ensure that the NEOs’ compensation remains competitive and aligned with Company performance.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

The primary objectives of the Company’s executive compensation program are to:

• Attract and retain talented senior executives;

• Align executive compensation with our overall business strategies, values and stockholder interests; and,

• Motivate senior executives by rewarding them for outstanding corporate and individual performance.

The following guiding principles are at the core of the Company’s executive compensation program. Executive compensation should be:

• Closely aligned with both short-term and long-term stockholder interests;

• Appropriately balanced to reflect performance related to the achievement of corporate and individual goals;

• Designed to encourage senior executives to build and maintain significant equity investments in the Company; and

• Determined by a committee composed entirely of independent directors having sufficient resources to do its job, including access to independent, qualified experts.

Compensation Programs and Best Practices

The Company recognizes and rewards results that are consistent with its strategy and business objectives.

Executives should balance potential outcomes with appropriate risk-taking. Executives must comply with Company risk policies and control mechanisms.

It is expected that executives act in a manner consistent with the highest ethical standards. The Company has incorporated this thinking into all compensation programs, practices and policies. Results obtained through deceptive tactics or are inconsistent with our values and culture are not rewarded and are subject to, but are not limited to, clawbacks, discretionary downward adjustments to incentive compensation, employment decisions and disciplinary actions.

Executives are also subject to clawbacks in cases of fraud, errors/omissions and improper risk-taking for material adverse outcomes in the years following incentive compensation payouts.

The Company’s policies and practices promote strong compensation governance by:

• Linking a significant portion of compensation to performance through the use of short-term (cash) and long-term (equity) compensation to encourage both proactivity and long-term sustainability.

• Employing a variety of performance metrics to fully assess performance and mitigate excessive risk. Metrics should consider the environmental, social and governance impact. Eliminated a single metric for all incentives programs which may encourage focus on a single performance metric without regard to other critical measures.

• Building in appropriate levels of negative discretion to adjust incentive payouts if results are not aligned with credit quality, regulatory compliance or leading indicators of future financial results. Positive discretion is permitted under special circumstances.

• Assessing fairness of pay by analyzing the CEO pay ratio and pay equity for women and unrepresented groups. There is a formal commitment to increase Board and Management diversity.

• Executive must inherently believe in, and visibly exhibit, the Company’s values and commitment to diversity and inclusion.

• Using equity incentives to promote total return to stockholders, long-term performance and executive retention.

• Utilizing an independent compensation consultant who advises and reports directly to the Committee.

• Prohibiting hedging and pledging of Company stock.

• Requiring meaningful stock ownership from our executive officers.

• Including clawback policies applicable to incentive and equity compensation.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

While we have an obligation to protect stockholder interests, we also are accountable to other key stakeholders including our employees, customers and community. Our compensation programs, practices and policies recognize this responsibility.

Our Compensation Components

Factors such as performance, knowledge, skills and experience play a role in compensation decision-making for individual executives. Discretionary factors are also considered in making appropriate compensation decisions in a balanced and wholistic approach. It is strongly believed that executive performance should be considered in tandem with our values. These include Customer Focus, Integrity, Accountability, Teamwork, Positive Attitude, Mutual Respect and Community Involvement.

The Company’s compensation program centers on Total Direct Compensation (“TDC”), which is the sum of base salary, short-term incentives and long-term equity-based incentives. Our TDC is weighted heavily toward rewarding results, with a substantial portion of direct total compensation “at risk” and performance-based. The following table shows the principal components of TDC, each one contributing to the accomplishment of our compensation program goals:

Compensation Component	Description	Purpose
Base Salary	Pay to recognize executive’s role, responsibilities, skills, experience, individual achievements and Company performance.	To provide competitive and fair fixed compensation.
Short-Term Cash Incentive Compensation	Annual cash rewards for achievement of pre-determined level of EPS, ROAA and individual goals.	To provide market competitive compensation.   To motivate and reward executives for achieving annual Company, department and individual goals which support our long-term strategic plan.
Long-Term Equity-Based Incentive Compensation	Performance-based restricted stock units earned based on Company performance over a designated period.   Time-vesting restricted stock units granted based on individual performance and earned over a designated time-period.   Both allow for negative discretion based on an NEO’s individual performance.	To strengthen pay for performance relationship, a significant portion of equity awards is performance-based.   To align executives with long-term interests of the Company and stockholders, provide a reward for superior performance, encourage stock ownership and enhance our ability to retain our top talent.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

 

Our ability to attract and retain an exceptional leadership team is also dependent on having a full complement of compensation tools available to us and the flexibility to use them. This includes retirement and other limited benefits and perquisites, as well as the ability to leverage employment, change of control and severance agreements:

Compensation Component	Description	Purpose
Retirement Benefits	NEOs participate in Company-wide tax-qualified plans, including the Pension Plan (a defined benefit pension plan) and the 401(k) Plan & ESOP.   Certain NEOs are eligible to receive a discretionary Company contribution to the deferred compensation plan based on Company and individual performance.   The CEO participates in a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”).	To provide market-competitive and reasonable retirement benefits.   To enhance Company’s ability to attract and retain the executives.
Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits	Benefits may include automobiles, life and disability insurance, long-term care insurance and club dues. Eligibility for each perquisite varies depending on the position of the NEO.	To attract and retain superior executive employees and foster continuity in executive leadership.
Termination and Severance Pay	The NEOs have employment agreements providing post-termination severance compensation under certain scenarios, including a change in control.	To assist in attracting and retaining the NEOs and to minimize the impact on the executives when exploring or executing strategic change in control opportunities.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Risk Management

Risk management controls are developed to reduce the potential for imprudent risk taking. Controls are in place for the proper administration and oversight of the compensation programs.

All components of NBT’s executive incentive compensation plans include mechanisms through metric selection, discretion and/or plan design to adjust compensation payments for risk. Poor risk management practices and imprudent risk-taking will lead to an adverse impact on incentive compensation, such as reductions or loss of current and/or previously awarded incentive compensation.

The Committee involves the Company’s control functions (e.g., internal audit, risk and compliance) as well as outside advisors in its deliberations. Risk assessments of the Company’s compensation programs are conducted regularly.

Regulatory Guidance

We operate within the rules, regulations and laws concerning compensation, employee rights and protections. Compensation programs, practices and policies are designed to promote the long-term sustainability of our Company, stockholders, employees and the communities we serve.

The Committee approves the compensation for “Named Executive Officers” as defined under SEC Item 402 of Regulation S-K.

Roles of the Committee, Management and Consultant

The Role of the Committee. The Committee operates under a written charter that establishes its responsibilities. A copy of the Committee Charter can be found on the Company’s website at www.nbtbancorp.com. The Committee reviews the charter annually to ensure that the scope of the charter is consistent with the Committee’s expected role. Under the charter, the Committee is charged with general responsibility for the oversight and administration of the Company compensation program. The charter gives the Committee the responsibility for determining the compensation of the CEO based on the Committee’s evaluation of his performance The Committee reviews and approves the CEO’s recommendations for the compensation of the remaining NEO’s. The charter also authorizes the Committee to engage consultants and other professionals without management approval to the extent deemed necessary to discharge its responsibilities. The Committee utilizes a documented Compensation Philosophy as a roadmap in setting overall compensation. The Philosophy is reviewed annually.

The Role of CEO. The CEO does not provide recommendations concerning his own compensation, nor is he present when his compensation is discussed by the Committee. The Committee, with input from its independent compensation consultant, discusses the elements of his compensation in executive session and makes a recommendation to all of the non-management members of the Board for discussion and final approval. The CEO provides compensation recommendations for the other NEOs.

The Role of the Independent Consultant. The Committee has the sole authority to retain and terminate a compensation consultant and to approve the consultant’s fees and all other terms of the engagement. The independent compensation consulting firm performs a competitive assessment of the Company’s executive compensation programs and a pay analysis. The annual executive compensation assessment includes, but is not limited to, an assessment of the Company’s compensation program compared to its peers, recommendations for total direct compensation opportunities (base salary, short-term incentives and long-term incentives), an assessment of the Company’s financial performance relative to its peers, and a review of the alignment of pay and performance. The assessments provide the Committee with a broad array of information from which to evaluate the effectiveness of its compensation programs and serve as a foundation for compensation decisions.

In addition to providing annual assessments, the consultant advises the Committee on best practices in light of the changes in the banking and corporate regulatory environment and assists the Committee in designing compensation arrangements that reflect the Company’s compensation philosophy. While the Committee considers input from the consultant when making compensation decisions, the Committee’s final decisions reflect many factors and considerations.

32  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Pearl Meyer served as the Committee’s compensation consultant in 2020 and in determining 2021 compensation decisions. Meridian Compensation Partners, LLC (“Meridian”) was engaged in mid-2021 to serve as the Committee’s compensation consultant for 2022 compensation decisions. Both consultants reported directly to the Committee and did not provide any other services to the Company. The Committee has analyzed the work of both consulting firms to determine any conflicts of interest, taking into consideration the following factors, among others: (1) the provision of other services to the Company; (2) the amount of fees from the Company paid as a percentage of each firm’s total revenue; (3) internal policies and procedures within each consulting firm that are designed to prevent conflicts of interest; (4) any business or personal relationship of either Pearl Meyer or Meridian or the individual compensation advisors employed by each with an executive officer of the Company; (5) any business or personal relationship of the individual compensation advisors with any member of the Committee; and (6) any stock of the Company owned by the firms or the individual compensation advisors employed. The Committee has determined, based on its analysis of the above factors, among others, that the work of Pearl Meyer and Meridian and the individual compensation advisors employed by each as compensation consultants to the Company has not created any conflict of interest.

Benchmarking

The compensation review process entailed the use of survey data and peer group information prepared and presented by the consultant. The peer group used as reference for 2021 total direct compensation and financial performance comparisons consists of community-based banking organizations in the Northeast and in the Midwest with assets between $6.7 billion and $17.9 billion (approximately 0.5x – 2x of the Company’s asset size), operating in a market similar to the Company’s and competing for comparable executive talent. The peer group utilized for the 2021 pay analysis consisted of the following companies:

Berkshire Hills Bancorp, Inc.	First Merchants Corporation	Park National Corporation
Brookline Bancorp, Inc.	First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	Provident Financial Services, Inc.
Community Bank System, Inc.	Heartland Financial USA, Inc.	S&T Bancorp, Inc.
Customers Bancorp, Inc.	Independent Bank Corp.	TriState Capital Holdings, Inc.
First Busey Corporation	Northwest Bancshares, Inc.	Tompkins Financial Corporation
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation	Ocean First Financial Corp.	WesBanco, Inc.
First Financial Bancorp.

The Committee generally sets target TDC (base salary, short-term incentives and long-term incentives) for the NEOs at levels that are commensurate with individual’s role and market practice. After reviewing the benchmark study, the Committee determined the TDC targets are appropriate and consistent with this approach. It is important to note that this market data was not the sole determinant in setting executive pay levels. The Committee also considers Corporate and individual performance, the nature of an individual’s role within the Company, as well as his or her experience and contributions to his or her current role when making its compensation-related decisions.

Pay for Performance

At the request of the Committee, the consultant conducts regular analyses to monitor pay and performance alignment (both financial and operational), particularly with regards to the CEO. The goal is to use this information proactively to set appropriate pay opportunity ranges and retroactively to assess the actual pay delivered based on performance.

It is the Committee’s philosophy to reward the NEOs for operational excellence. Operational excellence is achieved by selecting a composite of key financial metrics which define management’s strategic objectives and tie to strategy execution and the resulting increase in stockholder value. The Committee reviews TDC regularly in light of the Company’s financial performance. The 2021 study revealed that TDC of the Company’s CEO and top five executives (combined, including CEO) is aligned with operational performance using a composite of five key metrics (ROAA, ROATE, NPA/Total Assets, Efficiency Ratio, and Net Interest Margin). The table below indicates the percentile rankings for the Company in one-year and three-year average performance periods as of year-end 2020, and TDC, versus the peer group. This analysis informed the Committee of the Company’s pay and performance alignment.

	For This Level of Performance…	…TDC Was At This Percentile of the Peer Group
	Composite Measures	CEO	Top 5 Executives
One-Year Performance	74th percentile	53rd percentile	42nd percentile
Three-Year Performance	74th percentile	37th percentile	32nd percentile

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

2021 Compensation Decisions

Base Salary

The Committee reviews executive base salaries annually. Base salary is the only fixed portion of compensation for salaried employees of the Company, including the NEOs. The Company has entered into employment agreements with each NEO providing for a minimum base salary, subject to annual adjustments upon the Committee’s approval.

In 2021, the Committee determined the base salaries of the NEOs based on the Company’s guiding principles, unique pandemic environment and the competitive market. Messrs. Watt and Stagliano maintained their current salaries for 2021. Ms. Wiles received a 4% salary increase, Mr. Moran and Ms. Burns each received a 6% salary increase and Ms. Halliday received a 7% salary increase in order to maintain market competitive base salaries and recognize their performance and contributions. The Committee’s recommendations were in line with the results of the compensation analysis. Below are the base salaries for the NEOs for 2021.

Named Executive Officer	January 1, 2021 Base Salary	2021 Base Salary Increase
John H. Watt, Jr.	$ 800,000	—
Scott A. Kingsley (1)	$500,000	—
Annette L. Burns (2)	$277,750	6%
John V. Moran	$439,900	6%
Joseph R. Stagliano	$422,240	—
Sarah A. Halliday	$372,625	7%
Amy Wiles	$361,191	4%

(1)
Mr. Kingsley entered into an employment agreement with the Company on August 5, 2021, which provided for an annual base salary of $500,000.

(2)
Ms. Burns received a salary increase on May 8, 2021 pursuant to the terms of being the Interim Chief Financial Officer.

Variable Compensation

In addition to fixed base salaries, the Company provides cash and equity-based incentive compensation. Incentive compensation varies in amount depending on the factors discussed below and is designed to promote superior performance and achievement of corporate goals, to encourage the growth of stockholder value, and to share the long-term growth and profitability of the Company with key employees.

Executive Incentive Compensation Plan (“EICP”)

The EICP is a component of the 2018 Omnibus Plan, a stockholder-approved incentive plan authorizing several forms of cash and equity- based incentive compensation.

The EICP is a short-term cash incentive plan that directly ties annual cash awards to the Company’s performance as measured by EPS, ROAA and individual performance objectives. EICP target opportunities are defined as a percentage of base salary with payouts considering a combination of corporate performance goals and individual performance objectives reflecting each executive’s role and responsibilities. If the threshold EPS goal is not achieved, no awards will be paid to any executives. When determining the payouts under the EICP, the Committee may objectively adjust the reported performance results considering any of the following events that occur during a performance period: (1) the effect of changes in tax laws, accounting principles, or other laws or provisions affecting reported results, (2) any reorganization and restructuring programs, (3) acquisitions or divestitures activity and related expenses and (4) other unusual or unplanned events.

At the beginning of each year, the Committee determines the participants, performance metrics and goals under the EICP. The Committee recognizes the current interest rate environment and macroeconomic conditions when setting the performance targets, with a long-term view in building stockholder value, and discourages undue risk taking for short-term gains. The primary incentive funding metric is EPS with potential negative adjustments for ROAA and individual performance. The EPS target level for 2021 was set at $2.13, a 10.1% decrease from 2020 reported EPS primarily due to forecasted margin compression and the uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic on Company’s earnings, including an increase in expected credit losses. The Committee maintained the target award opportunities for each participant given the desire to retain the alignment of NEOs’ TDC with peer median to retain and attract executive talent in the Company’s markets.

34  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

The following table depicts the range of potential payouts to the NEOs under the EICP for 2021 as a percentage of base salary at the end of the year. The potential payout range is 50-113% of each participant’s target opportunity. Once the EPS result and corresponding payout is calculated, the actual payout can then be negatively adjusted based on the ROAA modifier and individual performance.

EICP Payout Level	EPS Performance Level	ROAA Negative Modifier	% Payout from Target	CEO Potential Total Payouts (% of base salary)	Messrs. Kingsley, Stagliano, Mmes. Halliday and Wiles (1) Potential Total Payouts (% of base salary)
Level 1	$1.84	0.74%	50%	32.50%	21.15%
Level 2	$1.98	0.80%	75%	48.75%	31.73%
Level 3	$2.07	0.83%	90%	58.50%	38.07%
Level 4 (Target)	$2.13	0.85%	100%	65.00%	42.30%
Level 5	$2.26	0.91%	113%	73.13%	47.59%

(1)
Mr. Moran resigned from his position as CFO effective May 7, 2021 and was not eligible to receive an EICP award in 2021. Ms. Burns did not participate in the EICP and received short-term incentive awards under an employee bonus program, a target payout percentage of 26%, a minimum payout percentage of 13% and a maximum payout percentage of 29.26%.

ROAA is an additional corporate performance component of the short-term incentive award. Once the EPS performance level is determined, 15% of the CEO’s award and 10% of the other NEOs’ awards may be reduced if the ROAA modifier for each EPS performance level is not met. The target level of ROAA was set at 0.85% in 2021.

In addition to the EPS performance levels and ROAA negative modifier, the Committee approves individual performance objectives as a component of the overall payout for each of the NEOs. The Committee sets the individual performance objectives for the CEO. The CEO provides input for the individual performance objectives for the other NEOs. Each NEO has several individual performance objectives that are tied to both the NEO’s respective corporate responsibilities and the Company’s overall strategic plan. Objectives more critical to the Company are given more significant weight than other objectives. The calculated payout level based on EPS performance is subject to reduction based upon each NEO’s individual performance objectives with the maximum possible reduction being 100% of the award otherwise payable.

For 2021, the Company’s EPS of $3.54 was 166.2% of target EPS performance of $2.13 and above the maximum level. Based on these results, and in accordance with the plan, the payout represented achievement above Level 5 and resulted in a payout of 113% of target. The Company’s ROAA of 1.33% exceeded the Level 5 ROAA of 0.91% and resulted in 100% payout of the ROAA corporate component of the short-term incentive award. There was no reduction in the payout level (“ROAA reduction factor”).

Each NEO’s individual performance achievement is evaluated against the predefined goals at year-end. The achieved payout level based on Company performance may be reduced based on each NEO’s performance objectives.

The Committee’s evaluation of Mr. Watt’s performance is primarily based on corporate earnings; however, the Committee has discretion to reduce the amount of his award based on individual performance achievements. In 2021, Mr. Watt led the Company through the continued global COVID-19 pandemic while at the same time reenergizing the company with forward looking strategies. He authorized the advancement of new technologies that add value, efficiency and ease of use for both customers and employees. Mr. Watt directed the Company’s transition from LIBOR. He led the progressive growth in our markets. He relentlessly strengthened NBT’s culture and the pursuit of putting employees first which led to high engagement scores, continued high retention, successes in our DEI initiatives and open communications. The Company’s performance and these achievements resulted in Mr. Watt earning 100% of his total potential incentive at Level 5.

   35

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

For the 2021 performance year, the Committee also set the following individual performance objectives and the payout percentage for the other NEOs who remained with the Company at the end of 2021:

Mr. Kingsley, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Kingsley was hired in July of 2021. Mr, Kingsley received a prorated award based on his numerous contributions in the areas of strategic planning, budgeting and forecasting and investor relations.

Ms. Burns, Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer, Former Interim Chief Financial Officer. Ms. Burns’ invaluable leadership provided stability during transitional times. She evolved our capital plan and stress testing for regulatory compliance, completed the foundation for technology advancements in several of our financial systems, and supported DEI initiatives including by providing development opportunities for staff. These achievements resulted in Ms. Burns earning 100% of her potential incentive at level 5.

Mr. Stagliano, Executive Vice President, President of Retail Community Banking and Chief Information Officer.Mr. Stagliano’s individual performance objectives were aligned with the Company’s strategic focus areas of organic growth, investment in human capital, optimizing our cost structure and enhancing our customer and employee experiences. Further, he was instrumental in driving our key initiative of evolving our technology roadmap with a focus on innovation, efficiencies and end user awareness. Mr. Stagliano’s continued leadership during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic provided a steady hand during the constant shifting of the pandemic and resulting protocols for customers and employees. Mr. Stagliano provided an environment for continuous learning and coaching whether remote, hybrid or onsite. Mr. Stagliano achieved the majority of his revenue and operational goals in Retail Banking, Business Banking, Operations, IT and Marketing. These achievements resulted in Mr. Stagliano earning 100% of his potential incentive at Level 5.

Ms. Halliday, Executive Vice President and President of Commercial Banking. Ms. Halliday’s individual performance goals were aligned with the Company’s strategic focus areas of growth, optimizing our cost structure, investment in human capital, and enhancing our customer and employee experiences. Ms. Halliday provided pivotal leadership in achieving disciplined net loan growth, expanding our customer base with organic growth, successful implementation of our new commercial loan origination system that improves both our customer and employee experiences, and actively supporting our DEI initiatives. These achievements earned Ms. Halliday 100% of her potential incentive at level 5.

Ms. Wiles, Executive Vice President, Chief Credit and Risk Officer. Ms. Wiles’ individual performance objectives were aligned with the Company’s strategic focus areas of optimizing our cost structure, enhancing our customer and employee experiences and motivating and retaining our workforce. Ms. Wiles assisted with the Libor transition, co-lead our ESG efforts, drove our risk and compliance initiatives related to our growth – particularly CFPB requirements as we crossed $10B, developed more sophisticated ERM program and successfully implemented numerous organizational change strategies including technology advancements, career pathing, employee development and diversity actions. Ms. Wiles achieved 100% of her potential incentive at level 5.

The Committee considered such results together with the corporate component results in determining awards under the EICP as follows:

Named Executive Officer (1)	2021 Target Incentive ($)	Actual Performance Achievement (% of Target)	2021 Incentive Earned ($)
John H. Watt, Jr.	$520,000	113%	$585,040
Scott A. Kingsley (2)	$105,750	113%	$118,975
Joseph R. Stagliano	$178,608	113%	$200,944
Sarah A. Halliday	$157,620	113%	$177,332
Amy Wiles	$152,784	113%	$171,891

(1)
Mr. Moran resigned from his position as CFO effective May 7, 2021 and was not eligible to receive an EICP award in 2021. Ms. Burns did not participate in the EICP and received a short-term incentive award under an employee bonus program.

(2)
Mr. Kingsley’s incentive compensation was prorated based on date of hire.

36  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Long-Term Incentive Awards

The 2018 Omnibus Plan provide NEOs, and other eligible employees, with annual and long-term incentives in the form of cash, equity and performance-based awards. Long-term incentive grants made in 2021 consisted of two components as indicated below:

Current Long-Term Incentive Plan:

Executive Long-Term Incentive and Retention Equity Awards

Two Components 1. Performance Units (50% of target award): Performance-based Restricted Stock Units that vest dependent upon two-year relative performance based upon a composite score of performance metrics. The composite score includes the following performance metrics: ROAA, ROATE, Net Interest Margin, NPAs to Total Assets and Efficiency Ratio. Units are released one year following completion of the two-year performance period (i.e. three year vesting period). 2. Retention Units (50% of target award): Time-based Restricted Stock Units subject to a five-year vesting schedule.

2021 Executive Long-Term Incentive and Retention Equity Awards

In March 2021, the Committee granted Long-Term Incentive and Retention Equity Awards under the Omnibus Plan to each NEO. The 2021 awards (in the form of restricted stock units) are long-term, equity-based incentive awards that link executive compensation to the Company’s profitability and stockholder value. The awards consist of a grant of:

• Performance Units (50% of target), which vest based on the Company’s achievement of specific performance goals established on the grant date (the outcome of which is substantially uncertain on such date) over a two-year performance period; and

• Retention Units (50% of target), which are subject to a time-based vesting schedule (over five years) and a reduction, at the time of grant, based upon the grantee’s achievement of individual performance factors for the 2021 calendar year.

The Committee determined the number of Performance Units and Retention Units underlying the awards based on a percentage of the grantee’s base salary as of the grant date, which was then converted to a number of units based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. In determining the size of the awards, the Committee considered several factors, including the grantee’s organizational position, historical performance, prior awards, current performance and potential future contribution to the Company. No dividends or dividend equivalents are currently paid on any unvested awards. At the time of grant, both the Performance Units and Retention Units could be reduced based on individual performance.

Ms. Burns was not granted any Executive Long-Term Incentive and Retention Equity Awards, but she did receive retention equity awards based on individual performance. Mr. Moran was not eligible to receive 2021 equity awards due to his resignation in May 2021.

With respect to the 2021 Performance Units, the performance award amount for each NEO for the first year of the performance period is based on the Company’s composite score ranking of several performance metrics against a comparative peer group for the year ended December 31, 2021. The composite score includes the following performance metrics: ROAA, ROATE, Net Interest Margin, NPAs to Total Assets and Efficiency Ratio. There is a potential for a reduction in the performance award amount in 2022 based upon the Company’s composite score ranking for the full year 2022 performance against a comparative peer group. Full vesting and payout of the Performance Units occurs in 2023 following the completion of an additional one-year time-based vesting requirement after the end of the two-year performance period (subject to acceleration upon certain terminations or a change in control). The following table depicts the composite score performance levels for the 2021 long-term incentive award.

   37

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Composite Score Ranking	% Payout Level	CEO Potential Payout % of Base Salary	Mr. Stagliano and Ms. Halliday Potential Payout % of Base Salary	Ms. Wiles Potential Payout % of Base Salary
1	150.0%	67.5%	41.3%	33.8%
2	145.0%	65.3%	39.9%	32.6%
3	140.0%	63.0%	38.5%	31.5%
4	135.0%	60.8%	37.1%	30.4%
5	130.0%	58.5%	35.8%	29.3%
6	125.0%	56.3%	34.4%	28.1%
7	120.0%	54.0%	33.0%	27.0%
8	115.0%	51.8%	31.6%	25.9%
9	110.0%	49.5%	30.3%	24.8%
10	105.0%	47.3%	28.9%	23.6%
11	100.0%	45.0%	27.5%	22.5%
12	83.4%	37.5%	22.9%	18.8%
13	66.7%	30.0%	18.3%	15.0%
14	50.0%	22.5%	13.8%	11.3%
15 to 20	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

For the 2021 performance year, the Company’s composite score ranking was 7, which resulted in a target level payout percentage of 120.0% for the performance component of the award.

As shown in the table below, Messrs. Watt and Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles received the following long-term equity compensation awards in 2021. In granting these awards, the Committee considered market data, as well as individual performance contributing to the Company’s success.

Named Executive Officer	Retention Units (1)	Performance Units (2)
John H. Watt, Jr.	9,020	10,824
Joseph R. Stagliano	2,909	3,491
Sarah A. Halliday	2,568	3,081
Amy Wiles	2,036	2,444

(1)
Such NEOs met their individual performance objectives and received a grant in 2021. The retention units vest 20% each year over the five-year vesting period.

(2)
Such NEOs met their individual performance objectives. The performance units are based on meeting the composite score ranking of 7 during the performance period for the full year ending December 31, 2021. The amount of the award above is subject to a potential reduction as of December 31, 2022 based upon the quartile ranking of the Company’s composite score ranking against a comparative group of peer institutions, with full vesting and payout occurring following the completion of an additional one-year time-based vesting requirement after the end of the two-year performance period. The following table outlines the quartile peer ranking and the corresponding adjustment factor:

Composite Score Performance Factor
Percentile Ranking	Adjustment Factor
Above 50th percentile	100%
Third quartile	75%
Bottom quartile	50%

2022 Compensation Changes

In assessing Mr. Watt’s TDC for 2022, the Committee considered individual and Company performance, current compensation trends, peer group data and feedback from proxy advisory groups. Given Company and individual achievements in 2021 as well as considering peer data, the following adjustments were made to Mr. Watt’s compensation:

• Base salary increased to $835,000 (4% increase); and

• Short-term incentive target compensation increased to 75% of base pay.

38  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Salary Increases: Mr. Kingsley received a 2.5% increase, Mmes. Halliday and Wiles each received a 3.0% increase and Mr. Stagliano received a 4.0% increase.

In addition, the Committee is actively monitoring the continued effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy, our operations and future results. In light of these developments, the Committee may re-evaluate the performance goals and incentives associated with incentive compensation during 2022. Any material changes will be communicated in accordance with applicable disclosure requirements.

Other Compensation Practices, Policies and Guidelines

Stock Ownership Guidelines

To more directly align their interests with stockholders’ interests, the Committee maintains stock ownership guidelines for the Board of Directors and the Company’s executive management team, including the NEOs. The guidelines include retention requirements for restricted stock units and the NEOs’ required ownership levels are based on a multiple of salary. The guidelines require directors to own 5,000 shares of Company common stock. The NEO share requirements are based upon a multiple of salary with the CEO to own a number of shares of Company common stock equal to at least 3 times his base salary, each of Messrs. Kingsley and Stagliano and Ms. Halliday to own a number of shares of Company common stock equal to at least 1.5 times their base salary and Ms. Wiles to own a number of shares of Company common stock equal to at least 0.75 times her base salary. Vested restricted stock units are included in an individual’s ownership for purposes of compliance with guidelines. The executives and Board members must comply with the guidelines within five years from the date of promotion to the executive management team or election to the Board of Directors. Failure to meet the guidelines could, at the Committee’s discretion, affect future equity-based awards. As of December 31, 2021, all NEOs (other than Mr. Moran, who resigned on May 7, 2021 and Ms. Burns, who is not subject to the stock ownership guidelines) and all directors were in compliance or expect to be in compliance with the guidelines.

Hedging and Pledging Policies

All directors and employees, including the NEOs, are prohibited from engaging in any speculative transaction designed to hedge or offset any decrease in the market value of the Company’s securities, including hedging of the Company’s common stock. The Company also prohibits any pledging of Company securities in a margin account and restricts all other pledging of any Company securities by requiring directors and employees to obtain the prior approval of the CEO, CFO or General Counsel before entering into any such agreement.

Clawback Policy

The Company has a clawback policy to require NEOs to reimburse the Company, all or in part, for incentive compensation awards received in a period where restatement was required due to incorrect financial results. Furthermore, if the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company as a result of misconduct, with regard to any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, the NEOs’ incentive compensation would also be subject to clawback.

Risk Assessment

A formal risk assessment of the Company’s incentive compensation plans is performed annually. A risk assessment matrix is used which considers and analyzes the following factors:

• Type of award and who was eligible for the award;

• Performance metrics associated with each plan;

• Conditions of payout;

• Party responsible for granting awards and assessing performance;

• Potential risk features in plan design;

• Major business risks that might be impacted by performance metrics;

• Correlation of plan’s performance metrics to the Company’s overall business objectives;

   39

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

• Consideration of internal controls present to prevent the manipulation of the budgeting process or performance outcomes;

• Determination of the plan’s risk level as low, moderate or high;

• Plan provisions for risk mitigation; and

• Assessment of the plan’s probability to result in adverse material risk.

The annual risk assessment is overseen by the Chief Risk Officer and Chief Human Resources Officer/Chief Ethics Officer and reviewed annually by the Committee.

Retirement Plans

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

The eligible NEOs participate in the Pension Plan, which is a noncontributory, tax-qualified defined benefit pension plan. The Pension Plan is available to all Company employees who have attained age 21 and have completed one year of service, as defined in the Pension Plan. The Pension Plan provides for 100% vesting after three years of qualified service. The Pension Plan has a cash balance feature, in which all of the eligible NEOs participate. The footnotes to the Pension Benefits Table included herein, including the narrative discussion that follows such table, contain a detailed description of the defined benefit/cash balance pension plan, including a description of the eligibility, crediting, vesting, mortality, and other terms and assumptions used for the calculation of Pension Plan benefits. Participants in the Pension Plan are eligible for additional discretionary contributions to the 401(k) Plan & ESOP in lieu of interest credits to the cash balance portion of the Pension Plan.

Supplemental Retirement Benefits

The CEO participates in a SERP, which is principally designed to restore benefits that would have been paid to him if certain federal tax limitations were not in effect, as well as to attract and retain qualified and experienced executive officers. The SERP is embodied in an agreement between the Company and the CEO. The narrative that follows the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation table included herein contains a detailed description of the SERP.

401(k) Plan & Employee Stock Ownership Plan

The 401(k) Plan & ESOP is a tax-qualified defined contribution retirement savings plan available to all Company employees who have attained age 21 and are either scheduled to complete one year of service or have completed one year of service (1,000 hours of service in a twelve-month period), as defined by the 401(k) Plan & ESOP. Employees are eligible to enroll on the first of the month following 30 days of service. Participants in the 401(k) Plan & ESOP may contribute up to the limit prescribed by the Internal Revenue Service on a before-tax or after-tax basis. The Company matches 100% of the first 1% of pay contributed to the plan plus 50% of the next 5% of compensation for a total matching contribution of 3.5% of compensation. Additionally, the Company can make discretionary contributions to the 401(k) Plan & ESOP based on its financial performance. All Company contributions to this retirement plan since 2013 have been made in cash and vest at the rate of 20% per year with full vesting following five years of benefit service. Prior to 2013, Company contributions were made in Company stock. The NEOs participate in the 401(k) Plan & ESOP. The Company may make discretionary contributions to the 401(k) portion of the 401(k) Plan & ESOP to offset the elimination of interest credits to the Pension Plan, as described above. The value of Company contributions to the 401(k) Plan & ESOP are included in the Summary Compensation Table included herein.

Deferred Compensation Plan and Other Compensation Deferrals

The Deferred Compensation Plan allows the NEOs, and such other key employees as the Committee may approve annually, to defer some or all of their salary, commissions and/or bonus, to a future date. The Deferred Compensation Plan also permits the Company to make discretionary contributions to the accounts of eligible employees. Eligible employees are generally those employees determined to be highly-compensated employees of the Company. In addition, the Omnibus Plans permit award recipients to defer receipt of vested equity awards to a future date. Certain NEOs elected to defer compensation or received discretionary contributions as detailed in the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation table included herein. The Company awarded Messrs. Watt, Kingsley, Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles $284,000, $76,875, $65,870, $57,571, and $55,804, respectively, as discretionary contributions to the Deferred Compensation Plan based upon their 2021 performance. Company contributions are not subject to vesting provisions.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits

The Company provides NEOs with perquisites and other personal benefits that the Committee and the Company believe are reasonable and consistent with the Company’s guiding compensation principles. These benefits enable the Company to attract and retain superior employees for key positions. During 2021, these benefits included the use of Company-owned automobiles or car allowance, disability insurance, long-term care insurance, and for certain NEOs, club memberships. For the CEO, the Company also maintains a split-dollar bank-owned life insurance policy for the benefit of the Company and the CEO. For NEOs that have the use of a Company-owned automobile, any personal mileage incurred by the executive is taxed as additional compensation in accordance with Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) regulations. The Committee periodically reviews the levels of perquisites and other personal benefits provided to NEOs. The dollar amount of these benefits is reflected in the Summary Compensation Table included herein. The aggregate amounts of perquisites and other personal benefits paid to Messrs. Kingsley, Moran and Stagliano and Mmes. Burns, Halliday and Wiles were determined to be less than the established reporting thresholds for detailed disclosure.

Tax and Accounting Matters

Section 162(m)

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 162(m)”) generally disallows a tax deduction to a company for compensation in excess of one million dollars paid per year to a company’s chief executive officer, chief financial officer and each of its three other most highly compensated executive officers, including certain former executive officers. Prior to January 1, 2018, certain “performance based” compensation exceeding one million dollars annually paid to such executive officers was excluded from Section 162(m)’s limitation and was deductible if certain requirements were met, and compensation paid to the Company’s chief financial officer and former executive officers were excluded from Section 162(m)’s limitation. Compensation arrangements that qualify for transition relief under certain “grandfather” rules may continue to be deductible in the future, but it is uncertain whether previous compensation that the Committee believed to be “performance based” compensation or believed would not otherwise be subject to Section 162(m)’s limitation will be deductible going forward.

The Committee considers the tax deductibility of compensation as one factor when considering executive compensation program alternatives. The Committee has in the past approved and has reserved the right in the future to approve compensation that does not qualify for deductibility in circumstances it deems in the Company’s best interests. The Committee believes that its primary responsibility is to provide a compensation program that attracts, retains and rewards the executive talent necessary for our success.

Section 409A

Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 409A”) generally provides that amounts deferred under a nonqualified deferred compensation plan are currently includible in a service provider’s gross income to the extent not subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture, unless certain requirements are met or exemptions apply. Section 409A applies to most forms of deferred compensation, including but not limited to, nonqualified deferred compensation plans or arrangements, certain equity-based performance awards, and severance plans or individual severance arrangements contained within employment agreements. Generally, under Section 409A, any severance arrangement not in compliance with Section 409A covering an NEO pursuant to an employment or change in control agreement, any deferrals under a nonqualified deferred compensation plan that do not comply with Section 409A, or any stock option award grants with an exercise price of less than fair market value on the date of grant may subject the applicable service provider to: (1) current income inclusion of the relevant amounts; (2) interest at the IRS underpayment rate; and (3) an additional 20% excise tax. The Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Table included herein provides detailed information about the Company’s nonqualified deferred compensation arrangements.

   41

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Sections 4999 and 280G

Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code imposes a 20% excise tax on certain “excess parachute payments” made to “disqualified individuals.” Under Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code, such excess parachute payments are also nondeductible to the Company. If payments that are contingent on a change in control to a disqualified individual (which terms include the NEOs) equal or exceed three times the individual’s “base amount,” they constitute “excess parachute payments” to the extent they exceed one times the individual’s base amount.

All the Company’s NEO employment agreements provide for a cutback of change in control benefits in circumstances where the executive would not be better off on a net after-tax basis by at least $50,000 by being paid the full change in control benefit. In circumstances where the executive will be better off by at least $50,000 on a net after-tax basis by being paid the full change in control benefit owed, the executive will be responsible for the payment of all excise taxes. However, neither the Company nor NBT Bank will be permitted to claim a federal income tax deduction for the portion of the change in control benefit that constitutes an “excess parachute payment.”

Accounting Considerations

The Committee is informed of the financial statement implications of the components of the compensation program for NEOs. However, a compensation component’s contribution to the objectives of the Company’s compensation program and its projected economic cost, which may or may not be reflected on the Company’s financial statements, are the main elements of NEO compensation decisions.

42  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Executive Compensation

The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by each of the NEOs. The compensation received by each NEO was a combination of cash and equity compensation and short-term and long-term compensation. The Committee concluded that this mix reflects the compensation principles discussed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, as applied to each NEO’s responsibilities and performance.

Summary Compensation Table

Name and Principal Position	Year	Salary ($) (1)	Bonus ($) (2)	Stock Awards ($) (3)	Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) (4)	Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (5)	All Other Compensation ($) (6)	Total ($)
John H. Watt, Jr. President and Chief Executive Officer	2021	800,000	—	725,136	585,040	317,897	338,068	2,766,141
	2020	800,000	—	652,239	365,040	282,164	312,786	2,412,229
	2019	761,000	—	571,660	445,185	306,977	308,111	2,392,933
Scott A. Kingsley Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	2021	238,462	—	114,065	118,975	—	85,272	556,774
Annette L. Burns Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Former Interim Chief Financial Officer	2021	273,181	50,000	187,091	81,270	4,463	13,761	609,766
John V. Moran Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	2021	173,885	—	—	—	—	11,793	185,678
	2020	415,000	—	232,619	123,252	2,347	65,597	838,815
	2019	39,904	225,000	93,375	—	—	37,350	395,629
Joseph R. Stagliano Executive Vice President and President of Retail Community Banking	2021	422,240	—	233,868	200,944	10,447	84,177	951,676
	2020	418,180	—	222,668	124,196	8,286	68,773	842,103
	2019	406,000	—	223,657	146,836	8,441	64,149	849,083
Sarah A. Halliday Executive Vice President and President of Commercial Banking	2021	372,625	—	206,425	177,332	2,870	78,086	837,338
Amy Wiles Executive Vice President and Chief Credit and Risk Officer	2021	361,191	—	163,707	171,891	7,706	76,440	780,935

(1)
Certain NEOs deferred a portion of their salary. The deferred portion of their 2021 salary is included in the amounts set forth in the table and is detailed in the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation table included herein. Mr. Kingsley’s annual base salary for 2021 was $500,000 and the amount in the table above represented the amount earned from his start date of July 6, 2021 through December 31, 2021. Mr. Moran’s annual base salary for 2021 was $439,900 and the amount in the table above represented the amount earned from January 1, 2021 through his resignation date effective May 7, 2021. Mr. Moran’s annual base salary for 2019 was $415,000 and the amount in the table above represented the amount earned from his start date of November 12, 2019 through December 31, 2019. Ms. Burns’ received a salary increase to $277,750 on May 8, 2021 pursuant to the terms of being the Interim Chief Financial Officer and the amount in the table above represented the amount earned during the year.

(2)
Ms. Burns received a $50,000 bonus in 2021 pursuant to the terms of being the Interim Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Moran received a $25,000 signing bonus when his employment started in November 2019 and a $200,000 guaranteed bonus payment for 2019 pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement.

(3)
These amounts reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of the performance-based restricted stock unit awards and the retention restricted stock unit awards granted under the Omnibus Plan, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of the 2021 stock awards are materially consistent with those used to calculate the 2021 stock expense, which are set forth in footnote 13 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. For performance restricted stock units, the grant date fair value is based on the number of units that was earned at 120% of target based upon 2021 performance and 130% of target based upon 2020 performance and 120% of target based upon 2019 performance. The value of the award assuming the highest level of performance conditions are achieved for the 2021, 2020 and 2019 (if applicable) awards would be: John H. Watt, Jr. ($494,657, $425,593, and $389,871); John V. Moran ($151,777); Joseph R. Stagliano ($159,548, $154,423, and $152,546); Sarah A. Halliday

   43

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

($140,793); and Amy Wiles ($111,654). For the number of shares of retention and performance-based restricted stock units awarded in 2021, see the Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table. Ms. Burns received retention restricted stock unit awards that are subject to time-based vesting. Upon Mr. Moran’s resignation, unvested retention and performance awards were forfeited.

(4)
These amounts reflect cash awards to Messrs. Watt, Kingsley, Moran and Stagliano and Mmes. Burns, Halliday and Wiles under the EICP/EBP in 2021, 2020 and 2019, which were paid within the first quarter of the following calendar year. Certain NEOs deferred a portion of the 2021, 2020 and 2019 awards. The deferred portion of the 2021 award is included in the amounts set forth in the table and is detailed in the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation table included herein.

(5)
The amounts reflect solely the actuarial increase in the present value of the NEOs benefits under all qualified and non-qualified pension plans established by the Company determined using interest rate and mortality rate assumptions consistent with those used in the Company’s financial statements as set forth in footnote 12 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and includes amounts which the NEOs may not currently be entitled to receive because such amounts are not vested. With respect to Mr. Moran, no amount is reported in the table for 2021 as the change in the actuarial present value of his benefits under all qualified and non-qualified pension plans was -$2,347 due to his termination of employment and not being vested in the pension plan.

(6)
These amounts reflect the following items as applicable for each NEO for 2021:

Compensation	John H. Watt, Jr.	Scott A. Kingsley	Annette L. Burns	John V. Moran	Joseph R. Stagliano	Sarah A. Halliday	Amy Wiles
Value of matching and discretionary contributions to the 401(k) Plan & ESOP	$16,861	$6,396	$13,761	$10,219	$14,522	$13,254	$11,373
Value of life and disability insurance premiums paid by the Company	$10,479	$2,001	$—	$1,574	$3,785	$4,221	$6,944
Value of Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits (a)	$11,410	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—
Value of discretionary contributions to the Deferred Compensation Plan earned in 2021 (b)	$284,000	$76,875	$—	$—	$65,870	$57,571	$55,804
Value of dividends on deferred equity awards	$15,318	$—	$—	$—	$—	$3,040	$2,319

(a)
The amount shown for Mr. Watt consists of personal vehicle use of $2,510 and club memberships of $8,900.

(b)
The Committee approved a discretionary contribution of 34.0% of Mr. Watt’s base salary and 15% of Messrs. Kingsley’s and Stagliano’s and Mmes. Halliday’s and Wiles’ base salary in January 2022 as a result of their 2021 performance.

44  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Grants of Plan-Based Awards

The following table provides information about plan-based awards to the NEOs under the Company’s cash and equity incentive plans during 2021.

		Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards (1)			Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards (2)			All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares or Stock Units (#) (3)	Grant Date Fair Market Value ($)
Name	Grant Date	Threshold ($)	Target ($)	Maximum ($)	Threshold (#)	Target (#)	Maximum (#)
(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)	(e)	(f)	(g)	(h)	(i)	(j)
John H. Watt, Jr.	3/22/2021	260,000	520,000	585,040	4,510	9,020	13,530		395,726
	3/22/2021							9,020	329,410
Scott A. Kingsley	7/6/2021	52,875	105,750	118,975	—	—	—		—
	7/6/2021 (4)							3,500	114,065
Annette L. Burns	1/18/2021	36,108	72,215	81,270	—	—	—		—
	1/18/2021							1,430	44,931
	5/10/2021 (5)							4,000	142,160
Joseph R. Stagliano	3/22/2021	89,304	178,608	200,944	1,455	2,909	4,364		127,631
	3/22/2021							2,909	106,237
Sarah A. Halliday	3/22/2021	78,810	157,620	177,332	1,284	2,568	3,851		112,642
	3/22/2021							2,568	93,783
Amy Wiles	3/22/2021	76,392	152,784	171,891	1,018	2,036	3,054		89,352
	3/22/2021							2,036	74,355

(1)
Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards are a product of a percentage of base salary in accordance with the EICP/EBP, a detailed description of which appears in the Executive Incentive Compensation Plan section included herein.

(2)
The restricted stock units in columns (f), (g) and (h) represent performance-based restricted stock unit awards issued pursuant to the 2018 Plan. The performance-based restricted stock units are earned over a two-year performance period, based on the Company’s composite score ranking of several performance metrics against a comparative peer group at the end of the achievement period (December 31, 2021) and subject to a potential reduction at December 31, 2022 based upon the quartile ranking of the Company’s composite score ranking against a comparative group of peer institutions (as defined in the award agreement). Full vesting and payout of the performance-based stock units occurs following the completion of an additional one-year time-based vesting requirement after the end of the performance period.

(3)
The restricted stock units in column (i) represent the retention restricted stock unit awards issued pursuant to the 2018 Plan that vest annually in five substantially equal installments beginning in 2022, with the exception of Mr. Kingsley’s July 6, 2021 award that vests in three substantially equal installments beginning in 2022 and Ms. Burns May 10, 2021 award that 100% vests in three years.

(4)
The July 6, 2021 restricted stock unit award was issued upon commencement of employment with the Company.

(5)
The May 10, 2021 restricted stock unit award was issued upon commencement of Interim CFO position with the Company.

   45

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table provides information about outstanding equity awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans at December 31, 2021, whether granted in 2021 or earlier, including awards that have been transferred other than for value.

	Stock Awards
Name	Grant Date	Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#)	Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($) (1)	Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#) (2)	Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights that Have Not Vested ($) (1)
(a)		(g)	(h)	(i)	(j)
John H. Watt, Jr.	3/22/2021	9,020 (3)	347,450	—	—
	3/22/2021	—	—	10,824 (4)	416,940
	3/23/2020	8,663 (3)	333,699	—	—
	3/23/2020	—	—	14,078 (4)	542,285
	3/25/2019	4,894 (3)	188,517	—	—
	3/25/2019	9,790 (2)(4)	377,111	—	—
	3/26/2018	2,829 (3)	108,973	—	—
	1/18/2017	952 (3)	36,671	—	—
Scott A. Kingsley	7/6/2021	3,500 (5)	134,820	—	—
Annette L. Burns	5/10/2021	4,000 (6)	154,080	—	—
	1/18/2021	1,430 (3)	55,084	—	—
	6/1/2020	2,000 (6)	77,040	—	—
	2/25/2020	500 (6)	19,260	—	—
	1/22/2020	344 (3)	13,251	—	—
	6/3/2019	1,500 (6)	57,780	—	—
	1/23/2019	360 (3)	13,867	—	—
	1/17/2018	172 (3)	6,625	—	—
	11/15/2017	750 (7)	28,890	—	—
	1/18/2017	86 (3)	3,313	—	—
Joseph R. Stagliano	3/22/2021	2,909 (3)	112,055	—	—
	3/22/2021	—	—	3,491	134,473
	3/23/2020	3,143 (3)	121,068	—	—
	3/23/2020	—	—	5,108	196,760
	3/25/2019	1,914 (3)	73,727	—	—
	3/25/2019	3,830 (2)	147,532	—	—
	3/26/2018	1,142 (3)	43,990	—	—
	1/18/2017	476 (3)	18,336	—	—
	1/1/2012	1,000 (8)	38,520	—	—
Sarah A. Halliday	3/22/2021	2,568 (3)	98,919	—	—
	3/22/2021	—	—	3,081 (4)	118,680
	3/23/2020	1,815 (3)	69,914	—	—
	3/23/2020	—	—	2,949	113,595
	3/25/2019	1,382 (3)	53,235	—	—
	3/25/2019	2,765 (2)(4)	106,508	—	—
	3/26/2018	1,026 (3)	39,522	—	—
	1/18/2017	436 (3)	16,795	—	—
Amy Wiles	3/22/2021	2,036 (3)	78,427	—	—
	3/22/2021	—	—	2,444	94,143
	3/23/2020	2,111 (3)	81,316	—	—
	3/23/2020	—	—	3,431	132,162
	3/25/2019	1,215 (3)	46,802	—	—
	3/25/2019	2,432 (2)	93,681	—	—
	2/15/2019	1,000 (7)	38,520	—	—
	3/26/2018	759 (3)	29,237	—	—
	2/15/2018	2,000 (7)	77,040	—	—
	2/17/2017	3,000 (7)	115,560	—	—
	1/18/2017	86 (3)	3,313	—	—

(1)
The market values of these shares are based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market of $38.52 on December 31, 2021.

46  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

(2)
Represents performance based restricted stock unit awards that are earned over a two-year performance period.

(3)
Represents time-based restricted stock unit awards that vest 20% annually over five years.

(4)
The executive has deferred this award.

(5)
Represents time-based restricted stock units awards that vest 33% annually over three years.

(6)
Represents time-based restricted stock unit awards that vest 100% three years after the date of grant.

(7)
Represents time-based restricted stock unit awards that vest 100% five years after the date of grant.

(8)
Long-Term Incentive Plan awards vest in full upon NEO’s retirement subject to four years of service and reaching age 55.

Stock Vested

The following table provides information about shares vested for each NEO during 2021. Mr. Kingsley had no stock that vested during 2021.

	Stock Awards
Name	Number of Shares Acquired on Vesting (#) (1)	Value Realized on Vesting ($) (2)
(a)	(d)	(e)
John H. Watt, Jr.	15,553	541,400
Annette L. Burns	1,518	54,702
John V. Moran	773	26,908
Joseph R. Stagliano	16,679	636,196
Sarah A. Halliday	5,072	176,556
Amy Wiles	7,884	277,162

(1)
For Mr. Watt and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles, this amount includes 8,311 restricted stock units, 2,764 restricted stock units and 2,108 restricted stock units, respectively, the receipt of which was deferred under the terms of the Deferred Compensation Plan and the Omnibus Plans.

(2)
The “Value Realized on Vesting” is equal to the per share market value of the underlying shares on the vesting date multiplied by the number of shares acquired on vesting.

   47

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Pension Benefits Table

The following table includes information about each NEO’s benefits under the Company’s Pension Plan and the CEO’s SERP. Mr. Kingsley will be eligible for the Pension Plan on August 1, 2022. Messrs. Kingsley, Moran and Stagliano and Mmes. Burns, Halliday and Wiles do not have a SERP with the Company.

Name	Plan Name	Number of Years Credited Service (#)	Present Value of Accumulated Benefit ($)(1)
(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
John H. Watt, Jr.	NBT Bancorp Inc. Defined Benefit Plan	7.00	269,321
	Watt SERP	5.00	997,856
Annette L. Burns	NBT Bancorp Inc. Defined Benefit Plan	9.00	31,344
John V. Moran	NBT Bancorp Inc. Defined Benefit Plan	2.00	—
Joseph R. Stagliano	NBT Bancorp Inc. Defined Benefit Plan	22.00	160,201
Sarah A. Halliday	NBT Bancorp Inc. Defined Benefit Plan	4.00	11,048
Amy Wiles	NBT Bancorp Inc. Defined Benefit Plan	6.00	39,081

(1)
The above amounts were computed using the following significant assumptions:

• Mortality for Defined Benefit Plan Benefits — The sex-distinct Amount-Weighted Pri-2012 mortality tables for employees and healthy annuitants with projected mortality improvements using scale MP-2021 on a generational basis. No pre-retirement mortality was assumed.

• Mortality for SERP Benefits — The sex-distinct white collar Amount-Weighted Pri-2012 mortality tables for employees and healthy annuitants with projected mortality improvements using scale MP-2021 on a generational basis. No pre-retirement mortality was assumed.

• Discount Rate — 3.23% for Defined Benefit Plan Benefits, 3.35% for SERP benefit.

• Salary Increases — 3.00% for Defined Benefit Plan Benefits and SERP benefits.

• Interest Rate Credit for determining projected cash balance account earned as of December 31, 2009 — 1.94%.

• Interest rates to annuitize cash balance accounts — The three segment interest rates for November 2021 (1.02%, 2.72% and 3.08%) under Internal Revenue Code Section 417(e). Segment 1 is applied to benefit payments expected to be made in the first 5 years, segment 2 is applied to benefit payments expected to be made in the next 15 years and segment 3 is applied thereafter.

• Mortality to annuitize cash balance accounts — The 2022 Applicable Mortality Table for the determination of present values under Internal Revenue Code Section 417(e)(3)(B) prescribed by the Internal Revenue Service for determining the “Funding Target Liability” for 2022.

• Assumed Retirement Age — Age 65 for Defined Benefit Plan Benefits and age 68 and one month for Mr. Watt’s SERP.

• Credited service under the Defined Benefit Plan is based on date of participation, not date of hire; the first year of service is excluded. Credited service under each SERP is earned from the effective date of the agreement.

• ESOP Balance and 401(k) Balance Expected Rate of Return — 8.00% per year for Mr. Watt’s SERP.

• Increase in Internal Revenue Code Limits — 2.25% per year.

• Mr. Moran terminated employment without being vested during 2021. Had Mr. Moran not terminated employment and earned his expected pay-based service credit the Present Value of Accumulated Benefit would have been $4,720.

Each NEO, other than Mr. Kingsley who was hired in July 2021 and is not yet eligible to participate, participates in the Pension Plan. The Pension Plan is a noncontributory, tax-qualified defined benefit pension plan. Eligible employees are those who have attained age 21 and have completed one year of service in which the employee worked at least 1,000 hours. The Pension Plan provides for 100% vesting after three years of qualified service. Benefits payable as an annuity at age 65 are reduced 3% per year for early retirement. Early retirement eligibility is age 55 with 3 years of service. Mr. Watt and Ms. Wiles are eligible for early retirement as of December 31, 2021. Mr. Moran terminated employment without being vested during 2021. All of the other NEOs are 100% vested as of December 31, 2021 with the exception of Mr. Kingsley. The Pension Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009, has received a favorable determination from the Internal Revenue Service that it is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code with such letter being effective October 16, 2015. The Pension Plan was converted to a defined benefit plan with a cash balance feature, effective January 1, 2000. Prior to that date, the Pension Plan was a traditional defined benefit pension plan. Each active participant in the Pension Plan as of January 1, 2000 was given a one-time irrevocable election to continue participating in the traditional defined benefit plan design or to begin participating in the new cash balance plan design. All employees who became participants after January 1, 2000 automatically participated in the cash balance plan design. Each of our eligible NEOs participates in the cash balance plan design.

48  

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Under the cash balance plan design, hypothetical account balances are established for each participant and pension benefits are generally stated as the lump sum amount in that hypothetical account. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, since a cash balance plan is a defined benefit plan, the annual retirement benefit payable at normal retirement (age 65) is an annuity, which is the actuarial equivalent of the participant’s account balance under the cash balance plan. However, participants may elect, with the consent of their spouses, if they are married, to have the benefits distributed as a lump sum rather than an annuity.

In 2021, benefits under the Pension Plan are computed using a cash balance methodology for participants who converted (as described hereafter) that provides for pay-based credits to the participants’ hypothetical accounts equal to 1.5% to 20% (depending on age and other factors) on the first $290,000 of annual eligible compensation. Eligible compensation under the Pension Plan is defined as fixed basic annual salary or wages, commissions, overtime, cash bonuses, and any amount contributed by the Company at the direction of the participant pursuant to a salary reduction agreement and excludible from the participant’s gross income under the Internal Revenue Code, but excluding any other form of remuneration, regardless of the manner calculated or paid, such as amounts realized from severance pay or the Company’s cost for any public or private benefit plan, including the Pension Plan. In addition to the pay-based service credits, annual interest credits are made to the participant’s account balance based on the average annual yield on 30-year U.S. Treasury securities for the November of the prior year. The Pension Plan was amended effective December 31, 2009, such that future pay-based credits will not receive interest credits within the cash balance plan. The interest credits on future pay-based credits will be made as discretionary Company contributions to the 401(k) Plan & ESOP. Hypothetical account balances as of December 31, 2009 will continue to receive annual interest credits as described above. The Pension Plan was amended, effective March 1, 2013, to reduce the future annual pay-based credits for most cash balance design participants from 5% to 2.50% per year. The amendment also froze benefit accruals as of March 1, 2013 for all participants who as of January 1, 2000 elected to continue participating in the traditional defined benefit plan design; their future benefit accruals will be under the cash balance design with annual pay-based credits of 2.50%. The Pension Plan was further amended to provide annual pay-based credits to participants hired on or after January 1, 2017 at a rate of 1.50% per year. For 2021, the pay-based credits for Messrs. Watt, Moran and Stagliano and Mmes. Burns, Halliday and Wiles, were 20.0%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 2.5%, 1.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The Company’s contributions to the Pension Plan in 2021 for Messrs. Watt and Stagliano and Mmes. Burns, Halliday and Wiles were $58,000, $7,250, $7,250, $4,350 and $7,250, respectively. Mr. Moran did not earn a pay-based credit during 2021 prior to his termination. Mr. Kingsley was not a participant in the Pension Plan during 2021. There were no payments made to NEOs under the Pension Plan or Mr. Watt’s SERP during 2021.

   49

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation

The following table includes information about the activity in, amounts earned, and balances of, the CEO’s SERP and account under the Deferred Compensation Plan for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021. Ms. Burns does not have any deferred compensation.

Name	Executive Contributions in 2021 ($) (1) (2)	Company Contributions in 2021 ($) (3) (4)	Aggregate Earnings in 2021 ($) (5)	Aggregate Withdrawals / Distributions in 2021 ($)	Aggregate Balance at December 31, 2021 ($)
John H. Watt, Jr.	386,772	493,709	328,448	—	3,793,183
Scott A. Kingsley	—	76,875	—	—	76,875
John V. Moran	—	—	4,614	(83,413)	14
Joseph R. Stagliano	—	65,870	140,892	—	837,809
Sarah A. Halliday	91,046	57,571	81,224	—	505,163
Amy Wiles	114,052	55,804	72,118	(74,193)	509,057

(1)
Mr. Watt contributed $73,008 and $40,000 to the Deferred Compensation Plan, which was reported as non-equity incentive plan compensation and salary, respectively in the Summary Compensation Table included herein. Ms. Wiles contributed $8,517 and $36,097 to the Deferred Compensation Plan, which was reported as non-equity incentive plan compensation and salary, respectively in the Summary Compensation Table included herein.

(2)
Includes $273,764 for Mr. Watt, $91,046 for Ms. Halliday and $69,438 for Ms. Wiles attributable to restricted stock units that vested in 2021 but which were deferred.

(3)
The Summary Compensation Table includes registrant discretionary contributions earned in 2021, which are reflected under the “All Other Compensation” column in the Summary Compensation Table.

(4)
Includes discretionary contribution amounts earned in 2021 (even if not contributed by the Company until 2022).

(5)
The aggregate earnings are from the Deferred Compensation Plan and the SERP. The earnings from the Deferred Compensation Plan are due to market value increases on the investments in the Deferred Compensation Plan, which are not an expense to the Company.

Supplemental Retirement Benefits

The Internal Revenue Code places certain limitations on pension benefits that may be paid from the trusts of tax-qualified plans, such as the Pension Plan. Because of these limitations and in order to provide certain executives with adequate retirement income, the Company has entered into supplemental retirement agreements which provide retirement benefits to certain NEOs in the manner discussed below.

The Company has entered into an agreement with Mr. Watt to provide him with supplemental retirement benefits. Mr. Watt’s agreement was executed on December 19, 2016. The SERP provides Mr. Watt with an annual supplemental benefit at normal retirement equal to the difference between (1) the annual amount of Mr. Watt’s benefit under the Pension Plan, calculated without giving effect to limitations and restrictions imposed by the Internal Revenue Code plus the annual benefit that could be provided by contributions by the Company and NBT Bank (other than Mr. Watt’s elective deferrals) to the Company’s 401(k) Plan & ESOP and the earnings on those amounts, also calculated by disregarding the limitations and restrictions imposed by the Internal Revenue Code and using the actuarial assumptions set out in the Pension Plan, with the exception of a white collar adjustment to the mortality tables and (2) the annual amount of Mr. Watt’s benefit under the Pension Plan and the Company’s 401(k) Plan & ESOP, each calculated giving effect to limitations and restrictions imposed by the Internal Revenue Code.

Reduced amounts will be payable under the SERP in the event Mr. Watt takes early retirement. Certain survivor benefits are provided in the event Mr. Watt dies leaving a surviving spouse. Except in the case of early retirement or death, payment of benefits will commence upon the first day of the month after Mr. Watt attains age 65. The SERP for Mr. Watt will at all times be unfunded except that, in the event of a change in control, the Company will be required to transfer to a grantor trust an amount sufficient to cover all potential liabilities under the SERP.

Deferred Compensation Plan

The Deferred Compensation Plan allows the NEOs, and such other executives as are selected annually, to defer some or all of their salary, commissions and/or bonus, to a future date. Eligible employees are generally those employees determined to be senior management of the Company. The Deferred Compensation Plan provisions allow for a minimum annual deferral election of $1,000 and a maximum of 100% of salary, commissions and/or bonus. Deferral of

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

these payments lowers each participant’s compensation for income tax purposes for the year of deferral and allows accumulation of earnings on that deferred compensation on a tax-deferred basis. Participants are required to elect a time of distribution, either a specific date or at time of separation from employment, and a form of distribution, either a lump sum or annual installments for a period of either five or ten years following the elected time of distribution. The terms and conditions for the deferral of compensation are subject to the provisions of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The Deferred Compensation Plan allows for discretionary Company contributions and has been used a retirement benefit component of executive compensation for certain NEOs.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

This section describes and quantifies the payments and benefits that would be payable to each NEO in the event of termination of such NEO’s employment or a change in control pursuant to the employment agreements, equity award agreements and supplemental retirement agreements entered into with each NEO, as well as the Company’s benefit plans provided to the NEOs. The information in the table below is based on the assumption, in each case, that termination of employment and/or change in control occurred on December 31, 2021, utilizing a per share stock price of $38.52, the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on such date. Due to the number of factors that affect the nature and amount of any benefits provided upon the events discussed below, any actual amounts paid or distributed may be different from those presented in the following table. Factors that could affect these amounts include the timing during the year of any such event, the Company’s stock price and the NEO’s age. Some of the amounts shown in the table, as further described in the related footnotes, have been previously accrued as expenses of the Company and will not impact earnings when paid.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control Table

Name	Benefit	Retirement ($)	Death ($) (1)	Disability ($)	By NBT w/o Cause ($)	By NBT with Cause ($)	By Exec. w/o Good Reason ($)	By Exec. with Good Reason ($)	Change in Control ($) (2)
John H. Watt, Jr.	Accrued Unpaid Salary & Vacation	30,769	30,769	30,769	30,769	30,769	30,769	30,769	30,769
	Deferred Compensation (3)	2,774,458	2,795,327	2,795,327	2,774,458	2,774,458	2,774,458	2,774,458	2,774,458
	Severance (4)	—	—	—	794,028(5)	—	—	794,028	3,717,214 (6)
	SERP	997,856	939,896	997,856	997,856	—	997,856	997,856	1,251,897 (7)
	Equity Awards	2,351,646	2,351,646	2,351,646	2,351,646	—	—	2,351,646	2,351,646
	Health & Welfare	—	1,375,000 (8)	90,701(9)	—	—	—	—	87,951 (10)
	Sub-Total	6,154,729	7,492,638	6,266,299	6,948,757	2,805,227	3,803,083	6,948,757	10,213,935
	Cutback of Change in Control Benefits, if applicable (11)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Total	6,154,729	7,492,638	6,266,299	6,948,757	2,805,227	3,803,083	6,948,757	10,213,935
Scott A. Kingsley	Accrued Unpaid Salary & Vacation	19,231	19,231	19,231	19,231	19,231	19,231	19,231	19,231
	Deferred Compensation (3)	76,301	76,875	76,875	76,301	76,301	76,301	76,301	76,301
	Severance (4)	—	—	—	496,267(12)	—	—	496,267	1,818,737 (13)
	Equity Awards	—	134,820	134,820	134,820	—	—	134,820	134,820
	Health & Welfare	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	37,968 (10)
	Sub-Total	95,532	230,926	230,926	726,619	95,532	95,532	726,619	2,087,057
	Cutback of Change in Control Benefits, if applicable (11)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Total	95,532	230,926	230,926	726,619	95,532	95,532	726,619	2,087,057
Annette L. Burns	Accrued Unpaid Salary & Vacation	10,683	10,683	10,683	10,683	10,683	10,683	10,683	10,683
	Deferred Compensation	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Severance	—	—	—	411,944(14)	—	—	411,944	—
	Equity Awards	—	429,190	429,190	429,190	—	—	429,190	429,190
	Health & Welfare	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Sub-Total	10,683	439,873	439,873	851,817	10,683	10,683	851,817	439,873
	Cutback of Change in Control Benefits, if applicable (11)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Total	10,683	439,873	439,873	851,817	10,683	10,683	851,817	439,873
Joseph R. Stagliano	Accrued Unpaid Salary & Vacation	16,240	16,240	16,240	16,240	16,240	16,240	16,240	16,240
	Deferred Compensation (3)	831,554	837,809	837,809	831,554	831,554	831,554	831,554	831,554
	Severance (4)	—	—	—	419,088(15)	—	—	419,088	1,711,690 (16)
	Equity Awards	—	886,461	886,461	847,941	—	—	847,941	886,461
	Health & Welfare	—	—	424,834(9)	—	—	—	—	49,141 (10)
	Sub-Total	847,794	1,740,510	2,165,344	2,114,823	847,794	847,794	2,114,823	3,495,086
	Cutback of Change in Control Benefits, if applicable (11)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Total	847,794	1,740,510	2,165,344	2,114,823	847,794	847,794	2,114,823	3,495,086
Sarah A. Halliday	Accrued Unpaid Salary & Vacation	13,794	13,794	13,794	13,794	13,794	13,794	13,794	13,794
	Deferred Compensation (3)	504,370	508,163	508,163	504,370	504,370	504,370	504,370	504,370
	Severance (4)	—	—	—	369,843(17)	—	—	369,843	1,459,867 (18)
	Equity Awards	—	617,167	617,167	617,167	—	—	617,167	617,167
	Health & Welfare	—	—	494,314 (9)	—	—	—	—	49,176 (10)
	Sub-Total	518,164	1,139,125	1,633,439	1,505,174	518,164	518,164	1,505,174	2,644,374
	Cutback of Change in Control Benefits, if applicable (11)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	511,362
	Total	518,164	1,139,125	1,633,439	1,505,174	518,164	518,164	1,505,174	2,133,012
Amy Wiles	Accrued Unpaid Salary & Vacation	13,892	13,892	13,892	13,892	13,892	13,892	13,892	13,892
	Deferred Compensation (3)	505,257	509,057	509,057	505,257	505,257	505,257	505,257	505,257
	Severance (4)	—	—	—	358,495 (19)	—	—	358,495	714,313 (20)
	Equity Awards	790,199	790,199	790,199	790,199	—	—	790,199	790,199
	Health & Welfare	—	—	91,339 (9)	—	—	—	—	35,199 (10)
	Sub-Total	1,309,348	1,313,148	1,404,487	1,653,392	519,149	519,149	1,653,392	2,058,860
	Cutback of Change in Control Benefits, if applicable (11)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Total	1,309,348	1,313,148	1,404,487	1,653,392	519,149	519,149	1,653,392	2,058,860

(1)
The Company pays the premiums on a group term life insurance policy providing a death benefit of 1.5 times salary to a maximum of $1 million to each NEO (with beneficiaries designated by the named executives). The values shown in the table on the “Health & Welfare” line do not reflect the death benefit payable to the NEO’s beneficiaries by the Company’s insurer. The premiums associated with the life insurance policies for the year 2021 and paid by the Company on behalf of the NEO are included in the Summary Compensation Table under the column “All Other Compensation,” and detailed in footnote 6 to that table.

(2)
Change in control severance benefits will only be payable in the following scenarios: (1) the executive is terminated without cause within 24 months following a change in control; or (2) the executive terminates employment for good reason within 24 months following a change in control.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

(3)
For termination other than death or disability, the deferred compensation payments for Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles, are payable in a lump sum or annual installments, based on their election, following separation of service. The amounts shown in the table have been previously accrued as expenses of the Company. These amounts were discounted for six months using 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%, to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 409A.

(4)
Severance under a change in control situation is computed for the NEO by the following formula for Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Ms. Halliday: 2.99 multiplied by the sum of their annualized salary for the calendar year in which the change in control of the Company occurred and the average bonus earned for the three previous calendar years. Ms. Wiles’ formula is 2.00 multiplied by the sum of the annualized salary for the calendar year in which the change in control of the Company occurred and the average bonus earned for the three previous calendar years. The payment is made in three equal annual installments, with the first installment to be made within thirty days of the NEO’s termination and the remaining two installments made on the first business day of January of each of the next two calendar years.

(5)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Watt is entitled to the greater of one-half of his base salary ($400,000) or the unpaid portion of his base salary for the unexpired Term of Employment ($800,000), equal to $800,000, discounted for six months using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%, to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.

(6)
Mr. Watt is entitled to a benefit under the severance formula, as referenced in footnote (4) above, which is $3,782,615, based on 2021 amounts of $800,000 for salary and $465,088 for average bonus earned in the three previous calendar years. This total is paid in three installments of $1,260,872. The installments are then discounted using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%. The first installment is discounted six months to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The second and third installments are discounted one and two years, respectively. This results in the severance amount of $3,717,214 shown in the table.

(7)
The SERP amounts previously accrued as expenses of the Company that would not impact earnings when paid were $997,856 for Mr. Watt.

(8)
Includes the portion of split-dollar life insurance proceeds payable to Mr. Watt’s beneficiary upon his death of $375,000 and his death benefit of $1,000,000 as noted in footnote 1.

(9)
Represents the actuarial net present value as of December 31, 2021, of the payments Messrs. Watt and Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles are entitled to under their Executive Long Term Disability plans. In addition to utilizing the Amount-Weighted Pri-2012 Male and Female Disability Mortality Tables, with projected mortality improvements using Scale MP-2021 on a generational basis, the following assumptions were used to calculate the present value: (1) payments would be made until age 65; (2) discount rate of 3.32%; and (3) annual cost of living adjustment of 0%.

(10)
Under the change in control provisions in the employment agreements Messrs. Watt and Kingsley are entitled to continuation of all non-cash employee benefit plans, programs or arrangements, for three years (two years for Mr. Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles) following their termination following a change in control of the Company, unless a longer or shorter period is dictated by the terms of the plan or by law. The figure in this row represents the present value of continued medical insurance coverage for 36 months (24 months for Mr. Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles) all at the cost of the Company (generally, 18 months maximum under COBRA, plus the balance of 18 months of medical coverage under a conversion policy—using assumptions mandated by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”); 18 months dental and vision coverage under the Company’s self-insured plans; plus continued premium payment on portable life insurance policies).

(11)
The change in control provisions in the employment agreements provide for a cutback of change in control benefits in circumstances where the executive would not be better off on a net after-tax basis by at least $50,000 by being paid the full change in control benefit. In circumstances where the executive will be better off by at least $50,000 on a net-after tax basis by being paid the full change in control benefit owed, the executive will be responsible for the payment of all excise taxes. However, in such circumstances, neither the Company nor NBT Bank will be permitted to claim a federal income tax deduction for the portion of the change in control benefit that constitutes an “excess parachute payment.” The amounts shown for Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Mmes. Burns and Wiles do not reflect any benefit cutbacks, as they are better off on a net after-tax basis by more than $50,000 if paid the full amount. The amount shown for Ms. Halliday reflects a cutback in her severance payment, as she is not better off on a net after-tax basis by more than $50,000 if paid the full amount owed. After reflection of the benefit cutback, an excise tax would not apply to the change in control benefit for Ms. Halliday and all mounts payable would therefore not be rendered nondeductible for purposes of federal income taxes as an excess parachute payment.

(12)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Kingsley is entitled to the greater of one-half his base salary ($250,000) or the unpaid portion of his base salary for the unexpired Term of Employment ($500,000), equal to $500,000, discounted for six months using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%, to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.

(13)
Mr. Kingsley is entitled to a benefit under the severance formula, as referenced in footnote (4) above, which is $1,850,735, based on 2021 amounts of $500,000 for salary and $118,975 for average bonus earned in 2021 because Mr. Kingsley did not receive a bonus in 2019 or 2020. This total is paid in three installments of $616,912. The installments are then discounted using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%. The first installment is discounted six months to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The second and third installments are discounted one and two years, respectively. This results in the severance amount of $1,818,737 shown in the table.

(14)
As of December 31, 2021, Ms. Burns is entitled to 78 times her weekly compensation ($5,342), equal to $416,598. This total is paid in two installments of $208,299. The installments are then discounted using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%. The first installment is discounted six months to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The second installment is discounted one year. This results in the severance amount of $411,944 shown in the table.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

(15)
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Stagliano is entitled to the greater of one-half his base salary ($211,120) or the unpaid portion of his base salary for the unexpired Term of Employment ($422,240), equal to $422,240, discounted for six months using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%, to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.

(16)
Mr. Stagliano is entitled to a benefit under the severance formula, as referenced in footnote (4) above, which is $1,741,805, based on 2021 amounts of $422,240 for salary and $160,303 for average bonus earned in the previous three calendar years. This total is paid in three installments of $580,602. The installments are then discounted using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%. The first installment is discounted six months to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The second and third installments are discounted one and two years, respectively. This results in the severance amount of $1,711,690 shown in the table.

(17)
As of December 31, 2021, Ms. Halliday is entitled to the greater of one-half of her base salary ($186,313) or the unpaid portion of her base salary for the unexpired Term of Employment ($372,625), equal to $372,625, discounted for six months using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%, to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.

(18)
Ms. Halliday is entitled to a benefit under the severance formula, as referenced in footnote (4) above, which is $1,485,552, based on 2021 amounts of $372,625 for salary and $124,215 for average bonus earned in the previous three calendar years. This total is paid in three installments of $495,184. The installments are then discounted using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%. The first installment is discounted six months to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The second and third installment are discounted one and two years, respectively. This results in the severance amount of $1,459,867 shown in the table.

(19)
As of December 31, 2021, Ms. Wiles is entitled to the greater of one-half of her base salary ($180,596) or the unpaid portion of her base salary for the unexpired Term of Employment ($361,191), equal to $361,191, discounted for six months using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%, to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.

(20)
Ms. Wiles is entitled to a benefit under the severance formula, as referenced in footnote (4) above, which is $722,382, based on 2021 amounts of $361,191 for salary. This total is paid in two installments of $361,191. The installments are then discounted using the 120% of the semi-annual Applicable Federal Rate for December 2021, equal to 1.51%. The first installment is discounted six months to reflect the mandatory six-month waiting period pursuant to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The second installment is discounted one year. This results in the severance amount of $714,313 shown in the table.

Agreements with Executive Officers

Employment Agreements

The Company maintains employment agreements with each of Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles (the “Employment Agreements”). Each of these agreements provide for base salary, subject to annual increases, a performance bonus opportunity, the ability to participate in stock benefit plans, employee benefit plans, and other fringe benefits applicable to executive personnel, including, without limitation, use of a Company car and reimbursement of certain country club memberships. All NEOs, with the exception of Ms. Burns are also eligible to receive an annual contribution to their deferred compensation account in an amount determined by the Board in its sole discretion.

The Employment Agreements will terminate upon the earlier occurrence of the executive’s death, “disability,” discharge for “cause,” resignation, termination “without cause” (as such terms are defined in the Employment Agreements), or January 1, 2023 for each of Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles. On December 31, 2022 and each December 31 thereafter, the term of the Employment Agreements for each will automatically extend for one additional year unless either the Company or the executive provides timely, prior notice of non-renewal.

Upon termination of their respective agreements, the executives are each entitled to receive accrued and unpaid salary, accrued rights under NBT’s employee plans and arrangements, unpaid expense reimbursements, and the cash equivalent of accrued annual vacation. If the executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for “cause” (as defined in the agreements), or by the executive for “good reason” (as defined in the Employment Agreements) each unrelated to a change in control, then, upon execution of a separation agreement and release, each of Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Mmes. Halliday and Wiles will be entitled to receive a lump sum payment equal to the greater of (1) the base salary that would have been paid during the remaining unexpired term or (2) six months’ base salary.

Each executive has also agreed that for two years after the termination of employment, he or she will not directly or indirectly compete with the Company or NBT Bank. Under the agreements, during the term of their employment, the executives may not disclose confidential information about the Company or its subsidiaries to any other person or entity. Each executive has also agreed that for a period of two years following the Termination Date (as defined in the

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Employment Agreements), he or she shall not become an officer, employee, consultant, director or trustee of any savings bank, savings and loan association, savings and loan holding company, bank or bank holding company, where such position entails providing services to such company in any city, town or county where the Company or NBT Bank or their affiliates has an office, where the executive’s position or service for such company is competitive with or similar to the executive’s position or service with the Company or NBT Bank. The Employment Agreements also require that, if the Company prepares an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company, as a result of misconduct, with regard to any financial reporting under the securities laws, and the executive is subject to automatic forfeiture under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or he or she knowingly engaged in misconduct, was grossly negligent in engaging in the misconduct, knowingly failed to prevent the misconduct or was grossly negligent in failing to prevent the misconduct, the executive shall reimburse the Company for the amount of any payment earned or accrued during the 12-month period following the first public issuance or filing with the SEC of the financial document that contained such material noncompliance. In addition, if the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement, the executive will forfeit any payments made based on the achievement of pre-established performance goals that are later determined, as a result of the accounting restatement, not to have been achieved (the “Clawback Clause”).

Change in Control Provisions and Benefits

The Employment Agreements also provide for severance rights related to a change in control. The conditions for payment upon a change in control require both a change in control event and the executive’s termination “without cause” or for “good reason” (i.e. double trigger). The change in control provisions in the Employment Agreements provide in general that, if within 24 months following the date of a change in control of the Company or NBT Bank, as defined in the Employment Agreements, the NEO’s employment is terminated without cause or by the executive for good reason, then each of Messrs. Watt, Kingsley and Stagliano and Ms. Halliday will be entitled to receive an amount equal to 2.99 multiplied by the sum of his or her annualized salary for the calendar year in which the change in control of the Company occurred and the average bonus paid in the three prior calendar years. Ms. Wiles will be entitled to receive an amount equal to 2.0 multiplied by the sum of her annualized salary for the calendar year in which the change in control of the Company occurred. In addition, the double trigger change in control provisions under the Employment Agreements provide that an executive’s benefit under any SERP will become fully vested (but do not provide that additional service credits or increased compensation formulas are utilized for purposes of calculating their severance amount).

The Employment Agreements do not provide for the right to receive a gross-up payment to compensate for the imposition of any excise taxes under Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code. Furthermore, the employment agreements provide for a cutback of change in control benefits in circumstances where the executive would not be better off on a net after-tax basis by at least $50,000 by being paid the full change in control benefit. In circumstances where the executive will be better off by at least $50,000 on a net after-tax basis by being paid the full change in control benefit owed, the executive will be responsible for the payment of all excise taxes.

The Employment Agreements provide that in the event the executive becomes entitled to severance payments that constitute deferred compensation in connection with a change in control, and if at that time the executive is a key employee with the Company for purposes of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code, then the Company will defer commencement of the executive’s severance payments until six months after his or her employment with the Company ends.

Generally, these agreements provide that a change in control of the Company shall be deemed to have occurred if: (1) a person or entity acquires beneficial ownership of 30% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s voting securities; (2) during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the board of directors cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority thereof, unless the election, or the nomination for election by Company stockholders, of each new director was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who were directors at the beginning of the period; (3) there shall be consummated (a) any consolidation or merger of the Company in which the Company is not the continuing or surviving corporation or pursuant to which voting securities would be converted into cash, securities, or other property, other than a merger of the Company in which the holders of voting securities immediately prior to the merger have the same proportionate ownership of common stock of the surviving corporation immediately after the merger, or (b) any sale, lease, exchange, or other transfer (in one transaction or a series of related transactions) of all, or substantially all of the assets of the Company, provided that any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease, exchange

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

or other transfer consummated at the insistence of an appropriate banking regulatory agency shall not constitute a change in control of the Company; or (4) the stockholders of the Company approve the Company’s liquidation or dissolution.

Treatment of Equity Awards upon Certain Terminations and in Connection with a Change in Control

Restricted stock unit retention awards become 100% vested upon death, disability, retirement and termination without cause or by the executive for good reason. Performance-based restricted stock units become 100% vested in the event of death, disability or termination without cause or by executive for good reason after the end of the performance period. If service terminates prior to the end of the performance period for retirement, termination without cause or by the executive for good reason, then the percentage of shares will vest equal to the number of months of the performance period prior to termination of service divided by twelve. Shares will be delivered within 60 days after the date performance factors are deemed achieved. Long-term incentive plan awards become 100% vested upon termination of service due to death or disability.

In the event of a corporate transaction or change in control as defined in the equity award agreement, (1) all outstanding restricted stock and restricted stock units shall be deemed to have vested, and all shares of common stock and/or cash subject to such awards will be delivered, and (2) at the Board’s discretion restricted stock units will be terminated and cash out or redeemed for securities of equivalent value. If termination occurs for any other reason than specified previously, then unvested shares are forfeited.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

The members of the Compensation and Benefits Committee are: Timothy E. Delaney (Chair), J. David Brown, Patricia T. Civil, Andrew S. Kowalczyk III, John C. Mitchell and Matthew J. Salanger. There are no interlocking relationships involving Compensation and Benefits Committee members or NEOs of the Company that require disclosure in this Proxy Statement under the Exchange Act, or the rules promulgated by the SEC thereunder.

NBT Bank has made loans to members of the Compensation and Benefits Committee. All such loans were made in the ordinary course of business, on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral where applicable, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with borrowers who are not related to NBT Bank, and did not involve more than normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features.

Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions

NBT Bank has made loans to directors and executive officers in the ordinary course of business, on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral where applicable, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with borrowers who are not related to NBT Bank, and did not involve more than normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features.

During the period from January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021, NBT Insurance Agency, LLC received $1,680,586 in commissions from New York Central Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of which Director V. Daniel Robinson II is the President and Chief Executive Officer and board member.

Policies and Procedures Regarding Transactions with Related Persons

Pursuant to its Charter, the Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing potential conflict of interest situations. Pursuant to the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, any transactions between the Company and a director, employee, or an immediate family member must adhere to the requirements set forth in Regulation O promulgated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Company’s Loan Policy Manual covers Regulation O and states that no extension of credit or commitment to extend credit may be made to an insider unless it is made on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates and collateral, as other comparable loans made to persons not affected by the policy and who are not employed by NBT Bank, and further, the loan may not involve more than normal risk of repayment. The policy also requires that loans made to insiders of more than $500,000 be pre-approved by the Board of Directors. A summary report of all insider loans outstanding and committed is also presented to the Board of Directors on a regular basis.

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Compensation and Benefits Committee Report

The Compensation and Benefits Committee has reviewed and discussed with the Company’s management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis contained in this Proxy Statement. Based upon this review and discussion, the Committee recommended to the Company’s Board of Directors the inclusion of the Compensation Discussion and Analysis in this Proxy Statement.

Compensation and Benefits Committee of NBT Bancorp Inc.

Timothy E. Delaney (Chair)

J. David Brown

Patricia T. Civil

Andrew S. Kowalczyk III

John C. Mitchell

Matthew J. Salanger

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CEO Pay Ratio

CEO Pay Ratio

As required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, presented below is the ratio of annual total compensation of our CEO to the annual total compensation of our median employee. The ratio presented below is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act.

The Company identified the median employee using base salary, bonus and any long term incentive stock awards granted in 2021. With the exception of the CEO, all employees of the Company and its subsidiaries who were employed as of December 31, 2021 were included (including subsidiary employees). Base salaries were annualized for employees who were not employed for the full year. After identifying the median employee, the Company calculated annual total compensation for such employee applying the same methodology used in the calculation of the Summary Compensation for our CEO and named executive officers. This methodology was the same as was used in calculating the pay ratio for last year’s proxy statement.

Mr. Watt’s 2021 annual total compensation was $2,766,141 as reflected in the Summary Compensation Table included in this Proxy Statement. Our median employee’s annual total compensation for 2021 was $55,154. As a result, we estimate that Mr. Watt’s 2021 annual total compensation was approximately 50 times that of our median employee.

This pay ratio is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with SEC rules based on our payroll and employment records and the methodology described above. The SEC rules for identifying the median compensated employee and calculating the pay ratio based on that employee’s annual total compensation allow companies to adopt a variety of methodologies, to apply certain exclusions, and to make reasonable estimates and assumptions that reflect their compensation practices. As such, the pay ratio reported by other companies may not be comparable to the pay ratio reported above, as other companies may have different employment and compensation practices and may utilize different methodologies, exclusions, estimates and assumptions in calculating their own pay ratios.

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Audit Committee Report

Audit Committee Report

Our Audit Committee is comprised of seven directors who are not officers or employees of NBT. Each of the members of the Audit Committee is an independent director as defined by the SEC rules and Rule 5605 of the NASDAQ Stock Market. The Audit Committee held four meetings during 2021. The meetings were designed to facilitate and encourage private communication between the Audit Committee, the Director of Internal Audit and our independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP.

Our Audit Committee acts under a written charter adopted and approved by our Board, a copy of which is available on the Company’s website at www.nbtbancorp.com/bncp/corporategov.html and assists the Board in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the quality and integrity of the accounting, auditing, and financial reporting practices of the Company. The Company’s management has responsibility for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls, preparing the financial statements and the public reporting process. KPMG LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2021, is responsible for expressing opinions on these financial statements and on the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting based on their integrated audits performed in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”). The Committee reviews internal and external audits of the Company and the adequacy of the Company’s accounting, financial, and compliance controls, and selects the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm (subject to ratification by stockholder vote at the Annual Meeting).

The Audit Committee has performed the procedures specified in the charter regarding the preparation and review of our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021. Among the procedures performed, the Audit Committee has:

• Reviewed and discussed the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 with NBT management and KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm

• Discussed with KPMG LLP the matters required to be discussed by the applicable standards of the PCAOB; and

• Received the written disclosures and the letter from KPMG LLP required by relevant professional and regulatory standards and discussed with KPMG LLP its independence.

The Committee reviews its performance on an annual basis pursuant to its Committee Charter, as well as reviewing the performance of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

On the basis of its review as specified in the charter and discussions referred to in this section of the Proxy Statement, the Audit Committee has recommended to our Board that the audited consolidated financial statements be included in our Annual Report Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 for filing with the SEC.

Audit Committee of NBT Bancorp Inc.

Matthew J. Salanger (Chair)

J. David Brown

Patricia T. Civil, CPA

Timothy E. Delaney

James H. Douglas

V. Daniel Robinson II

Lowell A. Seifter

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PROPOSAL 2: Non-Binding Advisory Vote Regarding Compensation of the Named Executive Officers of the Company

PROPOSAL 2: Non-Binding Advisory Vote Regarding Compensation of the Named Executive Officers of the Company

Pursuant to Section 14A of the Exchange Act, the Company is providing its stockholders an opportunity to vote to approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation of its NEOs as disclosed in this Proxy Statement. Based on the results of the non-binding stockholder advisory vote on the frequency of stockholder votes on executive compensation at the Annual Meeting on May 23, 2017, the Compensation Committee and the Board determined that stockholder advisory vote on the executive compensation will take place every year, until and unless our stockholders vote to hold such an advisory vote with a different frequency, at which time our Board will carefully consider the stockholder vote resulting from the proposal and continue to evaluate the options for how frequently we hold “say-on-pay” votes.

The compensation of our NEOs is disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the compensation tables and the other related tables and narrative disclosure contained within this Proxy Statement. As discussed in those disclosures, the Board believes that the Company’s executive compensation philosophy, guidelines and programs provide a strong link between each NEO’s compensation and the Company’s short and long-term performance. The primary objectives of the Company’s executive compensation program are to attract and retain talented senior executives and to motivate senior executives by rewarding them for outstanding corporate and individual performance.

The Company is asking its stockholders to indicate their support for its NEO compensation as described in this Proxy Statement. This proposal, commonly known as a “Say-on-Pay” proposal, gives the Company’s stockholders the opportunity to express their views on the compensation of the Company’s NEOs. Accordingly, stockholders are being asked to vote “FOR” the following resolution:

“RESOLVED, that the stockholders of NBT Bancorp Inc. approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the NEOs, as described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the summary compensation tables and the other related tables and narrative disclosure contained within the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 2022 Annual Meeting of stockholders.”

Your vote on this Proposal 2 is advisory, and therefore not binding on the Company, the Committee or the Board. The Board and the Committee value the opinions of the Company’s stockholders and to the extent there is any significant vote against the NEO compensation as disclosed in this Proxy Statement, the Company will consider its stockholders’ concerns and the Committee will evaluate whether any actions are necessary to address those concerns.

The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting is required to approve this Proposal 2. Abstentions will have the same effect as votes against the proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect on the vote for this proposal. If no voting instructions are given, the accompanying proxy will be voted for this Proposal 2.

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that the stockholders vote “FOR” the approval of the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers, as described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the summary compensation table and the other related tables and narrative disclosure contained within this Proxy Statement.

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PROPOSAL 3: Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

PROPOSAL 3: Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Our Audit Committee has appointed KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, subject to the ratification by stockholder vote at the Annual Meeting. KPMG LLP has served as our independent registered public accounting firm since 1987. We expect representatives of KPMG LLP will be present at our Annual Meeting and will have an opportunity to make a statement if they so desire and to respond to appropriate questions.

Although stockholder ratification of the appointment of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is not required by our Bylaws or otherwise, we are submitting the selection of KPMG LLP to our stockholders for ratification to permit stockholders to participate in this important corporate decision. If not ratified, the Audit Committee will reconsider the selection.

The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock present or represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting is required to approve this Proposal 3. Abstentions will have the same effect as votes against the proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect on the vote for this proposal. If no voting instructions are given, the accompanying proxy will be voted for this Proposal 3.

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that stockholders vote “FOR” the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

Audit Fees and Non-Audit Fees

The following table presents fees for professional audit services rendered by KPMG LLP for the audit of NBT’s annual consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and fees billed for other services provided by KPMG LLP. Prior to any new engagement representing a permissible audit or non-audit activity, approval of the Audit Committee is required.

	2021	2020
Audit Fees (1)	$1,033,000	$1,080,000
Audit Related Fees (2)	​81,900	64,900
Other Fees (3)	​—	75,000
Total Fees	$1,114,900	$1,219,900

(1)
Audit Fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of NBT’s consolidated annual financial statements and review of the interim consolidated financial statements included in quarterly reports and services that are normally provided by KPMG LLP in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. Audit Fees also include activities related to internal control reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

(2)
Audit Related Fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of NBT’s consolidated financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” This category includes fees for employee benefit plan audits.

(3)
Other Fees consist of professional services rendered in connection with the fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes offering in 2020.

Audit Committee Review

Our Audit Committee concluded that KPMG LLP’s provision of the non-audit services summarized in the preceding section is compatible with maintaining KPMG LLP’s independence.

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Requirements

The Audit Committee has adopted a policy regarding the pre-approval of audit and permitted non-audit services to be performed by KPMG LLP. Annually, the Audit Committee will consider and approve the provision of audit and non-audit services by KPMG LLP that are not prohibited by law. In addition, the Audit Committee will, as necessary, consider and approve the provision of additional audit and non-audit services by KPMG LLP which are not encompassed by the Audit Committee’s annual pre-approval. All audit and non-audit services performed by KPMG LLP during fiscal year 2021 were pre-approved pursuant to the procedures outlined above, and none of the engagements pre-approved by the Committee during 2021 made use of the de minimis exception to pre-approval contained in the applicable rules of the SEC.

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Other Matters

Other Matters

Stockholder Proposals for the 2023 Annual Meeting

Stockholder Proposals for Inclusion in Next Year’s Proxy Statement

Stockholder proposals submitted pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act for inclusion in our proxy statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of stockholders must be received by the Company by December 8, 2022. Each proposal must comply with the requirements as to form and substance established by the SEC for such a proposal to be included in the Proxy Statement and form of proxy. SEC rules set forth standards as to what stockholder proposals corporations must include in a proxy statement for an Annual Meeting.

In addition to satisfying the foregoing requirements under our bylaws, to comply with the universal proxy rules under the Exchange Act, shareholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Corporation’s nominees must provide notice that sets forth the information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act no later than March 18, 2023.

Other Stockholder Proposals for Presentation at Next Year’s Annual Meeting

The Company’s Bylaws establish an advance notice procedure with regard to any proposal that is not submitted for inclusion in next year’s proxy statement, but is instead sought to be presented directly at the 2023 Annual Meeting. Written notice of such stockholder proposal for the next Annual Meeting of our stockholders must be received by our President at our principal executive offices not later than January 17, 2023 in order to be considered timely, and must contain specified information concerning the matters proposed to be brought before such meeting and concerning the stockholder proposing such matter. If a stockholder fails to meet these deadlines and fails to satisfy the requirements of Rule 14a-4 under the Exchange Act, the Company may exercise discretionary voting authority under proxies it solicits to vote on any such proposal as it determines appropriate.

Important Notice Regarding Delivery of Stockholder Documents

Only one copy of this Proxy Statement and the Company’s 2021 Annual Report may be sent to an address shared by more than one stockholder. This practice, known as “householding,” is designed to reduce the Company’s printing and mailing costs. If any stockholder residing at such an address wishes to receive a separate copy of this Proxy Statement or the Company’s 2021 Annual Report, he or she may request a copy of the materials for this and/or future stockholder meetings by (1) visiting www.ProxyVote.com, (2) calling 1-800-579-1639, or (3) sending an email to sendmaterial@proxyvote.com. If sending an email, please include your control number in the subject line.

Other Matters

As of the date of this Proxy Statement, our Board knows of no matters that will be presented for consideration at our meeting other than as described in this Proxy Statement. If any other matters should properly come before our meeting and be voted upon, the enclosed proxies will be deemed to confer discretionary authority on the individuals named as proxies to vote the shares represented by those proxies as to those matters. The persons named as proxies intend to vote in accordance with the determination of the majority vote of our Board.

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