Intangible Assets and Goodwill

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2013

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible assets

Intangible assets consisted of the following:



	June 30, 2013							December 31, 2012
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships	$	403,542	$	(281,707	)	$	121,835	$	407,901	$	(269,100	)	$	138,801
Supplier relationships	29,000		(23,563		)	5,437		29,000		(22,113		)	6,887
Software & technology	167,598		(153,294		)	14,304		169,632		(151,628		)	18,004
Trademarks & trade names	34,582		(32,748		)	1,834		35,078		(32,615		)	2,463
Non-compete agreements	7,288		(7,247		)	41		7,471		(7,412		)	59
Total intangible assets	$	642,010	$	(498,559	)	$	143,451	$	649,082	$	(482,868	)	$	166,214

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $9 million and $11 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $19 million and $23 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The future amortization expense for intangible assets as of June 30, 2013 was as follows:



Remaining for year ended December 31, 2013	$	19,035
Year ended December 31, 2014	36,142
Year ended December 31, 2015	32,376
Year ended December 31, 2016	24,061
Year ended December 31, 2017	11,359
Thereafter	20,478
Total	$	143,451

Actual amortization expense may differ from the amounts above due to, among other things, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, impairments, future acquisitions and accelerated amortization.

Goodwill

As a result of lower than expected first half operating performance due to the loss of certain customer contracts, pricing pressure on contract renewals and a longer than originally anticipated sales cycle for some of our new growth areas in our North America Management Services operations (PBMS NA), future cash flows were estimated to be lower than originally projected. Given these factors, management determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the PBMS NA reporting unit was below its respective book value and, accordingly, it was necessary to perform an interim goodwill impairment test as of June 30, 2013.

The fair value of PBMS NA was determined based on a combination of techniques, including external valuation data, the present value of future cash flows and applicable multiples of competitors. Based on our review, the implied fair value of the goodwill was determined to be $300 million compared to its carrying value of $398 million, resulting in a charge of $98 million. The inputs used to determine the fair value of PBMS NA were classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reporting segment, for the six months ended June 30, 2013 were as follows:



	Gross value before accumulated impairment		Accumulated impairment			December 31, 2012		Impairment (2)			Other (1)			June 30, 2013
North America Mailing	$	355,874	$	—		$	355,874	$	—		$	(2,980	)	$	352,894
International Mailing	183,908		—			183,908		—			(6,271		)	177,637
Small & Medium Business Solutions	539,782		—			539,782		—			(9,251		)	530,531
Production Mail	131,866		—			131,866		—			(3,247		)	128,619
Software	671,218		—			671,218		—			(9,168		)	662,050
Management Services	488,399		(84,500		)	403,899		(100,253		)	(1,467		)	302,179
Mail Services	259,105		(63,965		)	195,140		—			—			195,140
Marketing Services	194,233		—			194,233		—			—			194,233
Enterprise Business Solutions	1,744,821		(148,465		)	1,596,356		(100,253		)	(13,882		)	1,482,221
Total	$	2,284,603	$	(148,465	)	$	2,136,138	$	(100,253	)	$	(23,133	)	$	2,012,752


(1)	Primarily foreign currency translation adjustments.


(2)	Amount includes $2 million impairment charge for PBMSi included in discontinued operations (see Note 4).

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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