Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2016

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidation, Subsidiaries or Other Investments, Consolidated Entities, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Subsidiaries

On January 22, 1999, Natural Alternatives International Europe S.A. (NAIE) was formed as our wholly owned subsidiary, based in Manno, Switzerland. In September 1999, NAIE opened its manufacturing facility and possesses manufacturing capability in encapsulation, powders, tablets, finished goods packaging, quality control laboratory testing, warehousing, distribution and administration.

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Natural Alternatives International, Inc. (NAI) and our wholly owned subsidiary, NAIE. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The functional currency of NAIE, our foreign subsidiary, is the U.S. Dollar. The financial statements of NAIE have been translated at either current or historical exchange rates, as appropriate, with gains and losses included in the consolidated statements of operations.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (Topic 740) (ASU 2015-17), which amends existing standards for deferred taxes to present all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent. We adopted the ASU effective June 30, 2016, applied prospectively, and it did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02), which amends existing standards for leases to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring recognition of lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and requiring disclosure of key information about such arrangements. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for us beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2020, early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and the timing and presentation of our adoption.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) (ASU 2016-05), which provides guidance related to the replacement of a counterparty of an existing designated hedging instrument. The guidance stipulates that the replacement of a counterparty does not in itself constitute a termination of the hedging instrument. ASU 2016-05 will be effective for us beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2018, early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) (ASU 2016-09), which provides guidance improvements to employee share-based payment accounting. The standard amends several aspects of current employee share-based payment accounting including income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 will be effective for us beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2018, early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and the timing and presentation of our adoption.

In April 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)(ASU 2016-10), which amends and adds clarity to certain aspects of the guidance set forth in the upcoming revenue standard (ASU 2014-09) related to identifying performance obligations and licensing. In May 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-11, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) (ASU 2016-11), which amends and rescinds certain revenue recognition guidance previously released within ASU 2014-09. In May 2016 the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (ASU 2016-12), which provides narrow scope improvements and practical expedients related to ASU 2014-09. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting these new standards on our consolidated financial statements. All of these new standards will be effective for us concurrently with ASU 2014-09, beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2019, early adoption is not permitted.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the “exit price”) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We use a three-level hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect our assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available under the circumstances.

The fair value hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the source of inputs. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs use quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. We classify cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities balances as Level 1 assets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and models for which all significant inputs are observable or can be corroborated, either directly or indirectly by observable market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. These include certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

As of June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, we did not have any financial assets or liabilities classified as Level 1, except for assets and liabilities related to our pension plan. We classify derivative forward exchange contracts as Level 2 assets. The fair value of our forward exchange contracts as of June 30, 2016 was a net asset of $250,000 and the value as of June 30, 2015 was a net asset of $474,000. The fair values were determined based on obtaining pricing from our bank and corroborating those values with a third party bank. As of June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, we did not have any financial assets or liabilities classified as Level 3. We did not transfer any assets or liabilities between any levels during fiscal 2016.

Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Accounts

Receivable

We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based on payment history and customer credit-worthiness. An allowance for estimated doubtful accounts is maintained based on historical experience and identified customer credit issues. We monitor collections regularly and adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts as necessary to recognize any changes in credit exposure. Upon conclusion that a receivable is uncollectible, we record the respective amount as a charge against allowance for doubtful accounts. To date, such doubtful accounts reserves, in the aggregate, have been adequate to cover collection losses.

Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Inventories

We operate primarily as a private-label contract manufacturer that builds products based upon anticipated demand or following receipt of customer specific purchase orders. From time to time, we build inventory for private-label contract manufacturing customers under a specific purchase order with delivery dates that may subsequently be rescheduled or canceled at the customer’s request. We value inventory at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market (net realizable value) on an item-by-item basis, including costs for raw materials, labor and manufacturing overhead. We establish reserves equal to all or a portion of the related inventory to reflect situations in which the cost of the inventory is not expected to be recovered. This requires us to make estimates regarding the market value of our inventory, including an assessment for excess and obsolete inventory. Once we establish an inventory reserve in a fiscal period, the reduced inventory value is maintained until the inventory is sold or otherwise disposed of. In evaluating whether inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market, management considers such factors as the amount of inventory on hand, the estimated time required to sell such inventory, the remaining shelf life and efficacy, the foreseeable demand within a specified time horizon and current and expected market conditions. Based on this evaluation, we record adjustments to cost of goods sold to adjust inventory to its net realizable value.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment

We state property and equipment at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, generally ranging from 1 to 39 years. We amortize leasehold improvements using the straight-line method over the shorter of the life of the improvement or the term of the lease. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Significant expenditures that increase economic useful lives are capitalized.

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We periodically evaluate the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recovered. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. We did not recognize any impairment losses during fiscal 2016. During fiscal 2015, we recorded an impairment loss of $417,000 related to manufacturing equipment and related tooling that was determined to be obsolete.

Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Derivative Financial Instruments

We currently may use derivative financial instruments in the management of our foreign currency exchange risk inherent in our forecasted transactions denominated in Euros. We may hedge our foreign currency exposures by entering into offsetting forward exchange contracts and currency options. To the extent we use derivative financial instruments, we account for them using the deferral method, when such instruments are intended to hedge identifiable, firm foreign currency commitments or anticipated transactions and are designated as, and effective as, hedges. Foreign exchange exposures arising from certain transactions that do not meet the criteria for the deferral method are marked-to-market through the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

We recognize any unrealized gains and losses associated with derivative instruments in income in the period in which the underlying hedged transaction is realized. In the event the derivative instrument is deemed ineffective we would recognize the resulting gain or loss in income at that time. As of June 30, 2016, we held derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges primarily to protect against the foreign exchange risks inherent in our forecasted sales of products at prices denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. As of June 30, 2016, the notional amounts of our foreign exchange contracts were $19.0 million (EUR 16.8 million). These contracts will mature over the next 14 months.

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

We formerly sponsored a defined benefit pension plan. Effective June 21, 1999, we adopted an amendment to freeze benefit accruals to the participants. The plan obligation and related assets of the plan are presented in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Plan assets, which consist primarily of marketable equity and debt instruments, are valued based upon third party market quotations. Independent actuaries, through the use of a number of assumptions, determine plan obligation and annual pension expense. Key assumptions in measuring the plan obligation include the discount rate and estimated future return on plan assets. In determining the discount rate, we use an average long-term bond yield. Asset returns are based on the historical returns of multiple asset classes to develop a risk free rate of return and risk premiums for each asset class. The overall rate for each asset class was developed by combining a long-term inflation component, the risk free rate of return and the associated risk premium. A weighted average rate is developed based on the overall rates and the plan’s asset allocation.

Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition

To recognize revenue, four basic criteria must be met: 1) there is evidence that an arrangement exists; 2) delivery has occurred; 3) the fee is fixed or determinable; and 4) collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue from sales transactions where the buyer has the right to return the product is recognized at the time of sale only if (a) the seller’s price to the buyer is substantially fixed or determinable at the date of sale; (b) the buyer has paid the seller, or the buyer is obligated to pay the seller and the obligation is not contingent on resale of the product; (c) the buyer’s obligation to the seller would not be changed in the event of theft or physical destruction or damage of the product; (d) the buyer acquiring the product for resale has economic substance apart from that provided by the seller; (e) the seller does not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about resale of the product by the buyer; and (f) the amount of future returns can be reasonably estimated. We recognize revenue upon determination that all criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The criteria are usually met at the time title passes to the customer, which usually occurs upon shipment. Revenue from shipments where title passes upon delivery is deferred until the shipment has been delivered.

We record reductions to gross revenue for estimated returns of private-label contract manufacturing products and branded products. The estimated returns are based on the trailing six months of private-label contract manufacturing gross sales and our historical experience for both private-label contract manufacturing and branded product returns. However, the estimate for product returns does not reflect the impact of a potential large product recall resulting from product nonconformance or other factors as such events are not predictable nor is the related economic impact estimable.

We currently own certain U.S. patents, and each patent’s corresponding foreign patent applications. All of these patents and patent rights relate to the ingredient known as beta-alanine marketed and sold under the CarnoSyn® trade name. From

March 2009 to April 2015, we had an agreement with Compound Solutions, Inc. (CSI) to grant a license to manufacture, offer for sale and/or sell products incorporating, using or made in accordance with our patent rights to customers of CSI who purchase beta-alanine under the CarnoSyn® trade name from CSI. We received a fee from CSI that varied based on the quantity and source of beta-alanine sold by CSI. Effective April 1, 2015, we began directly selling beta-alanine, and licensing the related patent and trademark rights, in order to take advantage of strategic opportunities, including opportunities to provide additional contract manufacturing services, and to increase our top-line revenue and profit profile.

We recorded beta-alanine raw material sales and royalty and licensing income as a component of revenue in the amount of $21.8 million during fiscal 2016 and $9.1 million during fiscal 2015. These royalty income and raw material sale amounts resulted in royalty expense paid to the original patent holders from whom NAI acquired its patents and patent rights. We recognized royalty expense as a component of cost of goods sold in the amount of $865,000 during fiscal 2016 and $806,000 during fiscal 2015.

Cost of Sales, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold includes raw material, labor, manufacturing overhead, and royalty expense.

Shipping and Handling Cost, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Shipping and Handling Costs

We include fees earned on the shipment of our products to customers in sales and include costs incurred on the shipment of product to customers in costs of goods sold.

Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development Costs

As part of the services we provide to our private-label contract manufacturing customers, we may perform, but are not obligated to perform, certain research and development activities related to the development or improvement of their products. While our customers typically do not pay directly for this service, the cost of this service is included as a component of the price we charge to manufacture and deliver their products. We also direct and participate in clinical research studies, often in collaboration with scientists and research institutions, to validate the benefits of a product and provide scientific support for product claims and marketing initiatives. We believe our commitment to research and development, as well as our facilities and strategic alliances with our suppliers and customers, allow us to effectively identify, develop and market high-quality and innovative products.

Research and development costs are expensed when incurred. Our research and development expenses for the last two fiscal years ended June 30 were $1.1 million for 2016 and $1.1 million for 2015. These costs were included in selling, general and administrative expenses and cost of goods sold.

Advertising Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Advertising Costs

We expense the production costs of advertising the first time the advertising takes place. We incurred and expensed advertising costs in the amount of $334,000 during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 and $69,000 during fiscal 2015. These costs were included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates, for each of the jurisdictions in which we operate, expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date.

We account for uncertain tax positions using the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold. Our practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, we had not recorded any tax liabilities for uncertain tax positions.

We record valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. We consider estimated future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. If we determine that it is more likely than not that we will not realize all or part of our deferred tax assets in the future, we will record an adjustment to the carrying value of the deferred tax asset, which would be reflected as income tax expense. Conversely, if we determine we will realize a deferred tax asset, which currently has a valuation allowance, we will reverse the valuation allowance, which would be reflected as an income tax benefit.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we concluded that it was more likely than not that we would be able to realize the benefit of our federal and state deferred tax assets in the future. We based this conclusion on historical and projected operating performance, as well as our expectation that our operations will generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the tax benefits associated with the deferred tax assets. As a result, we reduced the valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets by $193,000 at June 30, 2016. We will continue to assess the need for a valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets by evaluating both positive and negative evidence that may exist. Any adjustment to the net deferred tax asset valuation allowance would be recorded in the income statement for the period that the adjustment is determined to be required.

We do not record U.S. income tax expense for NAIE’s retained earnings that are declared as indefinitely reinvested offshore, thus reducing our overall income tax expense. The amount of earnings designated as indefinitely reinvested in NAIE is based on the actual deployment of such earnings in NAIE’s assets and our expectations of the future cash needs of our U.S. and foreign entities. Income tax laws are also a factor in determining the amount of foreign earnings to be indefinitely reinvested offshore.

Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation

We have an omnibus incentive plan that was approved by our Board of Directors effective as of October 15, 2009 and approved by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on November 30, 2009. Under the plan, we may grant nonqualified and incentive stock options and other stock-based awards to employees, non-employee directors and consultants. Our prior equity incentive plan was terminated effective as of November 30, 2009.

We estimate the fair value of stock option awards at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. Option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. Black-Scholes uses assumptions related to volatility, the risk-free interest rate, the dividend yield (which we assume to be zero, as we have not paid any cash dividends) and employee exercise behavior. Expected volatilities used in the model are based on the historical volatility of our stock price. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect in the period of grant. The expected life of stock option grants is derived from historical experience. The fair value of restricted stock shares granted is based on the market price of our common stock on the date of grant. We amortize the estimated fair value of our stock awards to expense over the related vesting periods.

The Company did not grant any options during fiscal 2016 or 2015.

We did not have any options exercised during fiscal 2016 or fiscal 2015. All remaining outstanding stock options are fully vested and all related compensation cost was fully recognized at June 30, 2014. No options vested during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015.

On March 19, 2015, we granted 105,000 restricted stock shares to the members of our Board of Directors and certain key members of our management team pursuant to our 2009 Omnibus Incentive plan. These restricted shares partially vested, and the remainder will continue to vest over three years and the unvested portion of these shares cannot be sold or otherwise transferred and the rights to receive dividends, if declared by our Board of Directors, are forfeitable until the shares become vested. During fiscal 2016, we granted a total of 208,000 restricted stock shares to the members of our Board of Directors and certain key members of our management team pursuant to our 2009 Omnibus Incentive plan. These restricted stock grants will vest over three or five years from the date of grant and the unvested shares cannot be sold or otherwise transferred and the rights to receive dividends, if declared by our Board of Directors, are forfeitable until the shares become vested. There were 193,012 vested restricted stock shares as of June 30, 2016 and there were 93,866 vested restricted stock shares as of June 30, 2015. The total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock shares amounted to $2.3 million at June 30, 2016 and the weighted average remaining requisite service period of unvested restricted stock shares was 1.6 years. The weighted average fair value of restricted stock shares granted during fiscal 2016 was $9.86. The weighted average fair value of restricted stock shares granted during fiscal 2015 was $5.51.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of

Estimates

Our management has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Net Income per Common Share

We compute basic net income per common share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, and diluted net income per common share using the additional dilutive effect of all dilutive securities. The dilutive impact of stock options and restricted shares account for the additional weighted average shares of common stock outstanding for our diluted net income per common share computation. We calculated basic and diluted net income per common share as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

	For the Years Ended June 30,
	201 6		201 5
Numerator
Net income	$	9,546	$	3,346
Denominator
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding		6,524		6,753
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock shares		117		53
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		6,641		6,806
Basic net income per common share	$	1.46	$	0.50
Diluted net income per common share	$	1.44	$	0.49

No shares related to stock options were excluded for the year ended June 30, 2016.

We excluded shares related to stock options totaling 151,000 shares of common stock for the year ended June 30, 2015, from the calculation of diluted net income per common share, as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We place our cash and cash equivalents with highly rated financial institutions. Credit risk with respect to receivables is concentrated with our two largest customers, whose receivable balances collectively represented 61.1% of gross accounts receivable at June 30, 2016 and 25.8% at June 30, 2015. Additionally, amounts due related to our beta-alanine raw material sales were 14.6% of gross accounts receivable at June 30, 2016, and 26.0% of gross accounts receivable at June 30, 2015. Concentrations of credit risk related to the remaining accounts receivable balances are limited due to the number of customers comprising our remaining customer base.