Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Notes)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2013

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Note [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

PGE determines the fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities recognized and not recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and then classifies these financial assets and liabilities based on a fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy, which contains three broad classification levels, is used to prioritize the inputs to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The levels and application to the Company are discussed below.

Level 1 Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date.

Level 2 Pricing inputs include those that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace as of the reporting date.

Level 3 Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability.

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.

PGE recognizes any transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy as of the end of the reporting period. Changes to market liquidity conditions, the availability of observable inputs, or changes in the economic structure of a security marketplace may require transfer of the securities between levels. There were no significant transfers between levels, except those transfers out of Level 3 to Level 2 presented in this note, during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2013 and 2012.

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities recognized at fair value are as follows by level within the fair value hierarchy (in millions):

	As of June 30, 2013
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Nuclear decommissioning trust: (1)
Money market funds	$	—	$	14	$	—	$	14
Debt securities:
Domestic government	7		8		—		15
Corporate credit	—		8		—		8
Non-qualified benefit plan trust: (2)
Equity securities—Domestic	3		3		—		6
Debt securities—Domestic government	2		—		—		2
Assets from price risk management activities: (1) (3)
Electricity	—		2		—		2
Natural gas	—		1		—		1
	$	12	$	36	$	—	$	48
Liabilities from price risk management activities: (1) (3)
Electricity	$	—	$	45	$	42	$	87
Natural gas	—		80		14		94
	$	—	$	125	$	56	$	181

(1) Activities are subject to regulation, with certain gains and losses deferred pursuant to regulatory accounting and included in Regulatory assets or Regulatory liabilities as appropriate.

(2) Excludes insurance policies of $24 million, which are recorded at cash surrender value.

(3) For further information, see Note 4, Price Risk Management.

	As of December 31, 2012
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Nuclear decommissioning trust: (1)
Money market funds	$	—	$	15	$	—	$	15
Debt securities:
Domestic government	7		8		—		15
Corporate credit	—		8		—		8
Non-qualified benefit plan trust: (2)
Money market funds	—		2		—		2
Equity securities:
Domestic	2		2		—		4
International	1		—		—		1
Debt securities—Domestic government	2		—		—		2
Assets from price risk management activities: (1) (3)
Electricity	—		1		—		1
Natural gas	—		3		2		5
	$	12	$	39	$	2	$	53
Liabilities — Liabilities from price risk management activities: (1) (3)
Electricity	$	—	$	72	$	10	$	82
Natural gas	—		110		8		118
	$	—	$	182	$	18	$	200

(1) Activities are subject to regulation, with certain gains and losses deferred pursuant to regulatory accounting and included in Regulatory assets or Regulatory liabilities as appropriate.

(2) Excludes insurance policies of $23 million, which are recorded at cash surrender value.

(3) For further information, see Note 4, Price Risk Management.

Trust assets held in the Nuclear decommissioning and Non-qualified benefit plan trusts are recorded at fair value in PGE’s consolidated balance sheets and invested in securities that are exposed to interest rate, credit and market volatility risks. These assets are classified within Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the following factors:

Money market funds—PGE invests in money market funds that seek to maintain a stable net asset value. These funds invest in high-quality, short-term, diversified money market instruments, short-term treasury bills, federal agency securities, certificates of deposits, and commercial paper. Money market funds are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as the securities are traded in active markets of similar securities but are not directly valued using quoted market prices.

Debt securities—PGE invests in highly-liquid United States treasury securities to support the investment objectives of the trusts. These domestic government securities are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy due to the availability of quoted prices for identical assets in an active market as of the reporting date.

Assets classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy include domestic government debt securities, such as municipal debt, and corporate credit securities. Prices are determined by evaluating pricing data such as broker quotes for similar securities and adjusted for observable differences. Significant inputs used in valuation models generally include benchmark yield and issuer spreads. The external credit rating, coupon rate, and maturity of each security are considered in the valuation as applicable.

Equity securities—Certain equity mutual fund and common stock securities are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy due to the availability of quoted prices for identical assets in an active market as of the reporting date. Principal markets for equity prices include published exchanges such as NASDAQ and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Certain mutual fund assets included in commingled trusts or separately managed accounts are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as pricing inputs are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace as of the reporting date.

Assets and liabilities from price risk management activities are recorded at fair value in PGE’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and consist of derivative instruments entered into by the Company to manage exposure to commodity price risk and foreign currency exchange rate risk, and reduce volatility in net power costs for the Company’s retail customers. For additional information regarding these assets and liabilities, see Note 4, Price Risk Management.

For those assets and liabilities from price risk management activities classified as Level 2, fair value is derived using present value formulas that utilize inputs such as quoted forward prices for commodities and interest rates. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data, or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category include over-the-counter forwards and swaps.

Assets and liabilities from price risk management activities classified as Level 3 consist of instruments for which fair value is derived using one or more significant inputs that are not observable for the entire term of the instrument. These instruments consist of longer term over-the-counter swap derivatives.

Quantitative information regarding the significant, unobservable inputs used in the measurement of Level 3 assets and liabilities from price risk management activities as of June 30, 2013 is presented below:

						Significant	Price per Unit
	Fair Value				Valuation	Unobservable					Weighted
Commodity Contracts	Assets		Liabilities		Technique	Input	Low		High		Average
	(in millions)
Natural gas financial swaps	$	—	$	14	Discounted cash flow	Natural gas forward price (per Decatherm)	$	3.38	$	5.27	$	4.12
Electricity financial swaps	—		14		Discounted cash flow	Electricity forward price (per MWh)	10.83		45.71		37.31
Electricity physical forward purchase	—		28		Discounted cash flow	Electricity forward price (per MWh)	9.88		49.37		35.00
	$	—	$	56

Quantitative information regarding the significant, unobservable inputs used in the measurement of Level 3 assets and liabilities from price risk management activities as of December 31, 2012 is presented below:

	Fair Value						Price per Unit
Commodity Contracts	Assets		Liabilities		Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Input	Low		High		Weighted Average
	(in millions)
Natural gas financial swaps	$	2	$	8	Discounted cash flow	Natural gas forward price (per Decatherm)	$	3.67	$	5.21	$	4.28
Electricity financial swaps	—		10		Discounted cash flow	Electricity forward price (per MWh)	7.12		51.72		41.14
	$	2	$	18

The significant unobservable inputs used in the Company’s fair value measurement of price risk management assets and liabilities are long-term forward prices for commodity derivatives. These inputs employ the mid-point of the market’s bid-ask spread and are derived using observed transactions in active markets, as well as historical experience as a participant in those markets. These inputs are validated against nonbinding quotes from brokers with whom the Company transacts. In addition, changes in the fair value measurement from price risk management assets and liabilities are analyzed and reviewed on a monthly basis by the Company’s Risk Management group. This process includes analytical review of changes in commodity prices as well as procedures to analyze and identify the reasons for the changes over specific reporting periods.

The Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities from price risk management activities are sensitive to market price changes in the respective underlying commodities. The significance of the impact is dependent upon the magnitude of the price change and the Company’s position as either the buyer or seller of the contract. Sensitivity of the fair value measurements to changes in the significant unobservable inputs is as follows:

Significant Unobservable Input	Position	Change to Input	Impact on Fair Value Measurement
Market price	Buy	Increase (decrease)	Gain (loss)
Market price	Sell	Increase (decrease)	Loss (gain)

Changes in the fair value of net liabilities from price risk management activities (net of assets from price risk management activities) classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy were as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2013		2012			2013		2012
Balance as of the beginning of the period	$	45	$	95		$	16	$	79
Net realized and unrealized losses (gains) (1)	11		(7		)	15		11
Purchases	—		—			25		—
Issuances	—		—			—		(1		)
Transfers out of Level 3 to Level 2	—		—			—		(1		)
Balance as of the end of the period	$	56	$	88		$	56	$	88

(1) Contains nominal amounts of realized losses, net. Both realized and unrealized losses (gains) are recorded in Purchased power and fuel expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations of which the unrealized portion is fully offset by the effects of regulatory accounting until settlement of the underlying transactions.

Transfers into Level 3 occur when significant inputs used to value the Company’s derivative instruments become less observable, such as a delivery location becoming significantly less liquid. During the six month periods ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, there were no transfers into Level 3 from Level 2. Transfers out of Level 3 occur when the significant inputs become more observable, such as when the time between the valuation date and the delivery term of a transaction becomes shorter. PGE records transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 at the end of the reporting period for all of its financial instruments. Transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 for the Company’s price risk management assets and liabilities do not occur as quoted prices are not available for identical instruments. As such, the Company’s assets and liabilities from price risk management activities mature and settle as Level 2 fair value measurements.

Long-term debt is recorded at amortized cost in PGE’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of long-term debt is classified as a Level 2 fair value measurement and is estimated based on the quoted market prices for similar issues or on the current rates offered to PGE for debt of similar remaining maturities. As of June 30, 2013, the estimated aggregate fair value of PGE’s long-term debt was $1,921 million, compared to its $1,736 million carrying amount. As of December 31, 2012, the estimated aggregate fair value of PGE’s long-term debt was $1,949 million, compared to its $1,636 million carrying amount.