Stock Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Compensation

Stock Compensation

Overview

We have stock option and stock incentive plans for employees and non-employee directors that provide for grants of restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance stock units (“PSUs”), and options to purchase shares of our common stock at exercise prices generally equal to the fair value of such stock at the dates of grant. We also maintain a shareholder-approved Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) for the benefit of our employees. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase common stock on a regular basis at the lower of 85% of the market price at the beginning or end of each offering period.

Equity Grants

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors (the “Committee”) authorized awards from approved stock incentive plans of RSAs to non-employee directors and RSUs and PSUs to certain employees and company officers, which, assuming that performance under the PSUs will be achieved at target levels, together totaled 616,000 shares and had an aggregate grant date fair value of $8.5 million.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 the Committee authorized awards from approved stock incentive plans of RSAs to non-employee directors and RSUs and PSUs to certain employees and company officers, which, assuming that performance under the PSUs were to be achieved at target levels, together totaled 520,000 shares and had an aggregate grant date fair value of $9.7 million.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 the Committee authorized, from approved stock incentive plans, grants of stock options to purchase a total of 16,000 and 314,000 shares, respectively, to certain company officers. The exercise prices of the options were equal to the closing stock prices on their respective grant dates.

Employees purchased common stock totaling 86,000 and 142,000 shares in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to 58,000 and 95,000 shares in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, through the ESPP.

Stock Compensation Expense

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the fair value of options and shares purchased under the ESPP:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Stock Options	ESPP	Stock Options	ESPP
Expected life	5.0 Years	0.5 Years	5.0 Years	0.5 Years
Expected stock price volatility	0.45	0.42	0.45	0.66
Risk-free interest rate	4.11%	5.47%	3.99%	4.77%

The following table summarizes total stock compensation expenses prior to the capitalization of amounts into Deferred preservation and Inventory costs (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
RSA, RSU, and PSU expense	$	2,647	$	2,622	$	8,685	$	7,860
Stock option and ESPP expense	745		611		2,340		1,794
Total stock compensation expense	$	3,392	$	3,233	$	11,025	$	9,654

Included in the total stock compensation expense, as applicable in each period, were expenses related to RSAs, RSUs, PSUs, and stock options issued in each respective year, as well as those issued in prior periods that continue to vest during the period, and compensation related to the ESPP. These amounts were recorded as stock compensation expense and were subject to our normal allocation of expenses to inventory costs and deferred preservation costs. We capitalized $205,000 and $559,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $144,000 and $465,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, of the stock compensation expense into our inventory costs and deferred preservation costs.