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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Jan. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business — PVH Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) constitute a global apparel company with a brand portfolio that includes TOMMY HILFIGER, Calvin Klein, Warner’s, Olga, and True&Co., which are owned, Van Heusen, IZOD, ARROW, and Geoffrey Beene, which the Company owned through the second quarter of 2021 and now licenses back for certain product categories, and other licensed brands. The Company designs and markets branded sportswear (casual apparel), jeanswear, performance apparel, intimate apparel, underwear, swimwear, dress shirts, neckwear, handbags, accessories, footwear and other related products and licenses its owned brands globally over a broad array of product categories and for use in numerous discrete jurisdictions. The Company entered into a definitive agreement during the second quarter of 2021 to sell certain of its heritage brands trademarks, including Van Heusen, IZOD, ARROW and Geoffrey Beene, as well as certain related inventories of its Heritage Brands business, to Authentic Brands Group (“ABG”) and other parties (the “Heritage Brands transaction”). The Company completed the sale on the first day of the third quarter of 2021. Please see Note 3, “Acquisitions and Divestitures,” for further discussion.

The Company also licensed Speedo for North America and the Caribbean until April 6, 2020, on which date the Company sold its Speedo North America business to Pentland Group PLC (“Pentland”), the parent company of the Speedo brand (the “Speedo transaction”). Upon the closing of the transaction, the Company deconsolidated the net assets of the Speedo North America business and no longer licensed the Speedo trademark. Please see Note 3, “Acquisitions and Divestitures,” for further discussion.

Principles of Consolidation — The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in entities that the Company does not control but has the ability to exercise significant influence over are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations include its proportionate share of the net income or loss of these entities. Please see Note 5, “Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates,” for further discussion. The Company and Arvind Limited (“Arvind”) formed a joint venture in Ethiopia, PVH Arvind Manufacturing Private Limited Company (“PVH Ethiopia”), in which the Company held an initial economic interest of 75%, with Arvind’s 25% interest accounted for as a redeemable non-controlling interest. The Company consolidated PVH Ethiopia in its consolidated financial statements. The Company and Arvind amended, effective May 31, 2021, the capital structure of PVH Ethiopia and as a result the Company solely managed and effectively owned all economic interests in the joint venture. The Company closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 the manufacturing facility that was the joint venture’s sole operation. The closure did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Please see Note 6, “Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest,” for further discussion.

Fiscal Year — The Company uses a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Sunday closest to February 1. References to a year are to the Company’s fiscal year, unless the context requires otherwise. Results for 2021, 2020 and 2019 represent the 52 weeks ended January 30, 2022, January 31, 2021 and February 2, 2020, respectively.

COVID-19 Pandemic — The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and may continue to have, a significant impact on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows from operations. The Company’s stores have been, and continue to be, impacted by temporary closures, reduced hours, reduced occupancy levels and high absenteeism as a result of the pandemic.

Virtually all of the Company’s stores were temporarily closed for varying periods of time throughout the first quarter and into the second quarter of 2020. Most stores reopened in June 2020 but operated at significantly reduced capacity. The Company’s stores in Europe and North America continued to face significant pressure throughout 2020 as a result of the pandemic, with the majority of its stores in Europe and Canada closed during the fourth quarter.

During the first quarter of 2021, pandemic-related pressures on the Company’s stores included temporary closures for a significant percentage of its stores in Europe, Canada and Japan. Pressures on its stores continued throughout 2021, with certain stores in Europe, Japan and Australia temporarily closed for varying periods of time in the second quarter, the majority of its stores in Australia closed temporarily in the third quarter, and the temporary closure of certain stores in Europe and China for varying periods of time in the fourth quarter. Further, a significant percentage of the Company’s stores globally were operating on reduced hours during the fourth quarter of 2021 as a result of increased
levels of associate absenteeism due to the pandemic, particularly the Omicron variant. Pressures on the Company’s stores have continued into the first quarter of 2022, particularly in China and Hong Kong SAR.

In addition, the Company’s North America stores have been, and are expected to continue to be, challenged by the lack of international tourists coming to the United States, as stores located in international tourist destinations have historically represented a significant portion of that business.

The Company’s brick and mortar wholesale customers and its licensing partners also have experienced significant business disruptions as a result of the pandemic, with several of the Company’s North America wholesale customers filing for bankruptcy in 2020. The Company’s wholesale customers and franchisees globally generally have experienced temporary store closures and operating restrictions and obstacles in the same countries and at the same times as the Company. The elevated inventory levels in their stores as a result of the temporary closures, as well as lower traffic and consumer demand, resulted in a sharp reduction in shipments to these customers in 2020.

The pandemic has also impacted, and continues to impact, the Company’s supply chain partners, including third party manufacturers, logistics providers and other vendors, as well as the supply chains of its licensees. These supply chains have experienced, and may continue to experience in the future, disruptions as a result of closed factories or factories operating with a reduced workforce, or other logistics constraints, including vessel, container and other transportation shortages, labor shortages and port congestion due to the impact of the pandemic.

The Company took certain actions during 2020 to preserve its liquidity and strengthen its financial flexibility. The Company suspended share repurchases under its stock repurchase program and suspended its dividend in March 2020. It entered into an amendment to its senior unsecured credit facilities in June 2020 under which it was not permitted to resume share repurchases or payments of dividends until after the relief period (as defined). Effective June 10, 2021, the relief period was terminated and the Company was permitted to make share repurchases at management’s discretion and declare and pay dividends on its common stock at the discretion of the Board of Directors, both of which have happened. In addition, the Company took certain other actions starting in the first quarter of 2020 to (i) reduce payroll costs, including temporary furloughs, salary and incentive compensation reductions, decreased working hours, and hiring freezes, as well as taking advantage of COVID-related government payroll subsidy programs primarily in international jurisdictions, (ii) eliminate or reduce expenses in all discretionary spending categories, (iii) reduce rent expense through rent abatements negotiated with landlords for certain stores affected by temporary closures, (iv) reduce working capital, with a particular focus on tightly managing its inventories, including reducing and cancelling inventory commitments, increasing promotional selling, redeploying basic inventory items to subsequent seasons and consolidating future seasonal collections, as well as extending payment terms with its suppliers and (v) reduce capital expenditures. The Company also announced in July 2020 plans to streamline its North American operations to better align its business with the evolving retail landscape, including (i) a reduction in its North America office workforce by approximately 450 positions, or 12%, across all three brand businesses and corporate functions, which has resulted in annual cost savings of approximately $80 million, and (ii) the exit from its Heritage Brands Retail business, which was completed in 2021. In March 2021, the Company announced plans to reduce its workforce, primarily in certain international markets, and to reduce its real estate footprint, including reductions in office space and select store closures, which are expected to result in annual cost savings of approximately $60 million.

In April 2020, the Company entered into a $275.0 million 364-day unsecured revolving credit facility, which was replaced in April 2021 with a new $275.0 million 364-day facility, and issued an additional €175.0 million principal amount of 3 5/8% senior notes due 2024. In July 2020, the Company issued $500.0 million principal amount of 4 5/8% senior notes due 2025. Please see Note 8, “Debt,” for further discussion.

The Company also assessed the impacts of the pandemic on the estimates and assumptions used in preparing these consolidated financial statements, including, but not limited to, the allowance for credit losses, inventory reserves, carrying values of goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, and the effectiveness of hedging instruments. Based on these assessments, the Company recorded pre-tax noncash impairment charges of $1.021 billion during 2020, including $879.0 million related to goodwill, $54.5 million related to other intangible assets, $74.7 million related to store assets and $12.3 million related to an equity method investment. Please see Note 7, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” for further discussion of the impairments related to goodwill and other intangible assets, Note 11, “Fair Value Measurements,” for further discussion of the impairments related to store assets and Note 5, “Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates,” for further discussion of the impairment related to an equity method investment.

The estimates and assumptions used in these assessments were based on management’s judgment and may be subject to change as new events occur and additional information is received. In particular, there continues to be uncertainty about the
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain and logistics disruptions globally on the Company’s business and, if economic conditions caused by the pandemic do not recover consistent with management’s expectations, the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and cash flows from operations may be materially and adversely impacted.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from the estimates due to risks and uncertainties, including the extent of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents also includes amounts due from third party credit card processors for the settlement of customer debit and credit card transactions that are collectible in one week or less. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents at January 30, 2022 consisted principally of bank deposits and investments in money market funds.

Accounts Receivable — Trade receivables, as presented in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, are net of allowances. Costs associated with allowable customer markdowns and operational chargebacks, net of the expected recoveries, are part of the provision for allowances included in accounts receivable. These provisions result from seasonal negotiations, historical experience, and an evaluation of current market conditions.

The Company records an allowance for credit losses as a reduction to its trade receivables for amounts that the Company does not expect to recover. An allowance for credit losses is determined through an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable and assessments of collectability based on historical trends, the financial condition of the Company’s customers and licensees, including any known or anticipated bankruptcies, and an evaluation of current economic conditions as well as the Company’s expectations of conditions in the future. The Company writes off uncollectible trade receivables once collection efforts have been exhausted and third parties confirm the balance is not recoverable. As of January 30, 2022 and January 31, 2021, the allowance for credit losses on trade receivables was $61.9 million and $69.6 million, respectively. The Company recorded a $48.5 million increase in the allowance for credit losses on trade receivables during 2020, primarily due to the evaluation of certain customer and licensee account balances in connection with changes in their financial condition and/or developments regarding their credit, including the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets— The Company assesses the recoverability of goodwill annually, at the beginning of the third quarter of each fiscal year, and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying amount may be impaired. Impairment testing for goodwill is done at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is defined as an operating segment or one level below the operating segment, called a component. However, two or more components of an operating segment will be aggregated and deemed a single reporting unit if the components have similar economic characteristics.

The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a more detailed quantitative goodwill impairment test. The Company may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the quantitative test for any reporting unit. When performing the quantitative test, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value (the fair value of a reporting unit is estimated using a discounted cash flow model). The impairment loss recognized is equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, but is limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The Company determined in the first quarter of 2020 that the significant adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business, including an unprecedented material decline in revenue and earnings and an extended decline in the Company’s stock price and associated market capitalization, was a triggering event that required the Company to perform a quantitative interim goodwill impairment test. The Company recorded $879.0 million of noncash goodwill impairment charges in 2020, which was included in goodwill and other intangible asset impairments in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company did not record any goodwill impairments in 2021 or 2019. Please see Note 7, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” for further discussion.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment annually, at the beginning of the third quarter of each fiscal year, and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying amount may be impaired. Indefinite-lived intangible assets and intangible assets with finite lives are tested for impairment prior to assessing the recoverability of goodwill. The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a more detailed quantitative impairment test for its indefinite-lived intangible
assets. The Company may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. When performing the quantitative test, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset, which is generally determined using the estimated discounted cash flows associated with the asset’s use. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are tested for impairment along with other long-lived assets when events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.

The Company also determined in the first quarter of 2020 that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its business was a triggering event that prompted the need to perform interim impairment testing of its intangible assets. The Company recorded $47.2 million of noncash impairment charges related to indefinite-lived intangible assets and $7.3 million of noncash impairment charges related to finite-lived intangible assets in 2020, which were included in goodwill and other intangible asset impairments in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. Please see Note 7, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” for further discussion. In 2019, the Company recorded a noncash impairment charge of $116.4 million related to the then-owned Speedo perpetual license right, which was included in other (gain) loss, net in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company did not record any intangible asset impairments in 2021. Please see Note 3, “Acquisitions and Divestitures,” and Note 7, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” for further discussion.

Asset Impairments — The Company reviews for impairment of long-lived assets (excluding goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets) when events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The Company records an impairment loss when the carrying amount of the asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. Please see Note 11, “Fair Value Measurements,” for further discussion.

Inventories Inventories are comprised principally of finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, except for certain retail inventories in North America that are stated at the lower of cost or market using the retail inventory method. Cost for substantially all wholesale inventories in North America and certain wholesale and retail inventories in Asia is determined using the first-in, first-out method. Cost for all other inventories is determined using the weighted average cost method. The Company reviews current business trends and forecasts, inventory aging and discontinued merchandise categories to determine adjustments that it estimates will be needed to liquidate existing clearance inventories and record inventories at either the lower of cost or net realizable value or the lower of cost or market using the retail inventory method, as applicable.

Property, Plant and Equipment — Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is generally provided over the estimated useful lives of the related assets on a straight-line basis. The range of useful lives is principally as follows: Buildings and building improvements — 15 to 40 years; machinery, software and equipment — 2 to 10 years; furniture and fixtures — 2 to 10 years; and fixtures located in shop-in-shop/concession locations and their related costs — 3 to 4 years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over the lesser of the term of the related lease or the estimated useful life of the asset. Major additions and improvements that extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized, and repairs and maintenance are charged to operations in the period incurred. Depreciation expense totaled $266.6 million, $280.8 million and $275.0 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Cloud Computing Arrangements — The Company incurs costs to implement cloud computing arrangements that are hosted by a third party vendor. Implementation costs incurred during the application development stage of a project are capitalized and amortized over the term of the hosting arrangement on a straight-line basis. The Company capitalized $18.0 million and $10.0 million of costs incurred in 2021 and 2020, respectively, to implement cloud computing arrangements, primarily related to digital and consumer data platforms. Amortization expense relating to cloud computing arrangements totaled $6.2 million, $4.4 million and $0.9 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Cloud computing costs of $32.7 million and $20.5 million were included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 30, 2022 and January 31, 2021, respectively. 

Leases — The Company leases approximately 1,600 Company-operated free-standing retail store locations across more than 35 countries, generally with initial lease terms of three to ten years. The Company also leases warehouses, distribution centers, showrooms and office space, generally with initial lease terms of ten to 20 years, as well as certain equipment and other assets, generally with initial lease terms of one to five years.

The Company recognizes right-of-use assets and lease liabilities at the lease commencement date based on the present value of fixed lease payments over the expected lease term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rates to determine the present value of fixed lease payments based on the information available at the lease commencement date, as the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for the Company’s leases. The Company’s incremental borrowing rates are based on the term of the lease, the economic environment of the lease, and the effect of collateralization. Certain leases include one or more
renewal options, generally for the same period as the initial term of the lease. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at the Company’s sole discretion and, as such, the Company typically determines that exercise of these renewal options is not reasonably certain until executed. As a result, the Company does not include the renewal option period in the expected lease term and the associated lease payments are not included in the measurement of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. Certain leases also contain termination options with an associated penalty. Generally, the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise these options and as such, they are not included in the determination of the expected lease term.

Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, current portion of operating lease liabilities and long-term portion of operating lease liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes operating lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, net, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Leases with an initial lease term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Leases generally provide for payments of nonlease components, such as common area maintenance, real estate taxes and other costs associated with the leased property. For lease agreements entered into or modified after February 3, 2019, the Company accounts for lease components and nonlease components together as a single lease component and, as such, includes fixed payments of nonlease components in the measurement of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. Variable lease payments, such as percentage rentals based on location sales, periodic adjustments for inflation, reimbursement of real estate taxes, any variable common area maintenance and any other variable costs associated with the leased property are expensed as incurred as variable lease costs and are not recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictions or covenants. Please see Note 16, “Leases,” for further discussion.

Revenue Recognition — Revenue is recognized upon the transfer of control of products or services to the Company’s customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those products or services. Please see Note 2, “Revenue,” for further discussion.

Cost of Goods Sold and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses — Costs associated with the production and procurement of product are included in cost of goods sold, including inbound freight costs, purchasing and receiving costs, inspection costs and other product procurement related charges, as well as the amounts recognized on foreign currency forward exchange contracts as the underlying inventory hedged by such forward exchange contracts is sold. Generally, all other expenses, excluding non-service related pension and post retirement (income) costs, interest expense (income) and income taxes, are included in selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses, including warehousing and distribution expenses, as the predominant expenses associated therewith are general and administrative in nature, including rent, utilities, payroll and depreciation and amortization. Warehousing and distribution expenses, which are subject to exchange rate fluctuations, totaled $332.4 million, $288.9 million and $351.4 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Shipping and Handling Fees — Shipping and handling fees that are billed to customers are included in net sales. Shipping and handling costs incurred by the Company are accounted for as fulfillment activities and are recorded in SG&A expenses.

Advertising — Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in SG&A expenses. Advertising expenses, which are subject to exchange rate fluctuations, totaled $535.8 million, $379.0 million and $509.7 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Prepaid advertising expenses recorded in prepaid expenses and other assets totaled $5.2 million and $8.3 million at January 30, 2022 and January 31, 2021, respectively. Costs associated with cooperative advertising programs, under which the Company shares the cost of a customer’s advertising expenditures, are treated as a reduction of revenue.

Sales Taxes — The Company accounts for sales taxes and other related taxes on a net basis, excluding such taxes from revenue.

Income Taxes — Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts more likely than not to be realized.     
Significant judgment is required in assessing the timing and amount of deductible and taxable items, evaluating tax positions and determining the income tax provision. The Company recognizes income tax benefits only when it is more likely than not that the tax position will be fully sustained upon review by taxing authorities, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. If the recognition threshold is met, the Company measures the tax benefit at the largest amount with a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. For tax positions that are 50 percent or less likely of being sustained upon audit, the Company does not recognize any portion of that benefit in the financial statements. When the outcome of these tax matters changes, the change in estimate impacts the provision for income taxes in the period that such a determination is made. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the Company’s income tax provision.

Financial Instruments — The Company has exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates related to anticipated cash flows associated with certain international inventory purchases. The Company uses foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge against a portion of this exposure. The Company also has exposure to interest rate volatility related to its secured term loan facilities and its 364-day United States dollar-denominated unsecured revolving credit facility, which borrowings bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus a variable rate. The Company uses interest rate swap agreements to hedge against a portion of this exposure. The Company records the foreign currency forward exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheets and does not net the related assets and liabilities. The fair value of the foreign currency forward exchange contracts is measured as the total amount of currency to be purchased, multiplied by the difference between (i) the forward rate as of the period end and (ii) the settlement rate specified in each contract. The fair value of the interest rate swap agreements is based on observable interest rate yield curves and represents the expected discounted cash flows underlying the financial instruments. Changes in fair value of the foreign currency forward exchange contracts primarily associated with certain international inventory purchases and the interest rate swap agreements that are designated as effective hedging instruments (collectively referred to as “cash flow hedges”) are recorded in equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”).

The Company also has exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates related to the value of its investments in foreign subsidiaries denominated in a currency other than the United States dollar. To hedge against a portion of this exposure, the Company designates certain foreign currency borrowings issued by PVH Corp., a U.S.-based entity, as net investment hedges of its investments in certain of its foreign subsidiaries that use a functional currency other than the United States dollar. Changes in fair value of the foreign currency borrowings designated as net investment hedges are recorded in equity as a component of AOCL. The Company evaluates the effectiveness of its net investment hedges at inception and at the beginning of each quarter thereafter.

The Company records immediately in earnings changes in the fair value of hedges that are not designated as effective hedging instruments (“undesignated contracts”). Undesignated contracts primarily include foreign currency forward exchange contracts related to third party and intercompany transactions, and intercompany loans that are not of a long-term investment nature. Any gains and losses that are immediately recognized in earnings on such contracts are largely offset by the remeasurement of the underlying balances.

As a result of the use of derivative instruments, the Company may be exposed to the risk that the counterparties to such contracts will fail to meet their contractual obligations. To mitigate this counterparty credit risk, the Company only enters into contracts with carefully selected financial institutions based upon an evaluation of their credit ratings and certain other financial factors.

The Company does not use derivative or non-derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Cash flows from the Company’s hedges are presented in the same category in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as the items being hedged. Please see Note 10, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” for further discussion.
    
Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions — The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in United States dollars. If the functional currency of a foreign subsidiary is not the United States dollar, assets and liabilities are translated to United States dollars at the closing exchange rate in effect at the applicable balance sheet date and revenue and expenses are translated to United States dollars at the average exchange rate for the applicable period. The resulting translation adjustments are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) as a component of other comprehensive (loss) income and in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within AOCL. Gains and losses on the revaluation of intercompany loans made between foreign subsidiaries that are of a long-term investment nature are included in AOCL. Gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of a particular entity, not including inventory purchases, are principally included in SG&A expenses and totaled a loss (gain) of $20.4 million, $(5.6) million and $16.2 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Balance Sheet Classification of Early Settlements of Long-Term Obligations — The Company classifies obligations settled after the balance sheet date but prior to the issuance of the consolidated financial statements based on the contractual payment terms of the underlying agreements.

Pension and Benefit Plans — Employee pension benefits earned during the year, as well as interest on the projected benefit obligations or accumulated benefit obligations, are accrued quarterly. The expected return on plan assets is recognized quarterly and determined at the beginning of the year by applying the expected long-term rate of return on assets to the actual fair value of plan assets adjusted for expected benefit payments, contributions and plan expenses. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Company’s operating results in the year in which they occur. These gains and losses include the difference between the actual return on plan assets and the expected return that was recognized quarterly, as well as the change in the projected benefit obligation caused by actual experience and updated actuarial assumptions differing from those assumptions used to record service and interest cost throughout the year. Actuarial gains and losses are measured at least annually at the end of the Company’s fiscal year and, as such, are generally recorded during the fourth quarter of each year. The service cost component of net benefit cost is recorded in SG&A expenses and the other components of net benefit cost, which typically include interest cost, actuarial (gain) loss and expected return on plan assets, are recorded in non-service related pension and postretirement (income) cost in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Please see Note 12, “Retirement and Benefit Plans,” for further discussion of the Company’s pension and benefit plans.

Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes all share-based payments to employees and non-employee directors, net of actual forfeitures, as compensation expense in the consolidated financial statements based on their grant date fair values. Please see Note 13, “Stock-Based Compensation,” for further discussion.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance — The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued in December 2019 an update to accounting guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the existing guidance and clarifying and amending certain guidance to reduce diversity in practice. The update eliminates certain exceptions to the guidance related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The update also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. The Company adopted the update in the first quarter of 2021. The adoption of the update did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Guidance Issued But Not Adopted as of January 30, 2022 — The FASB issued in November 2021 an update to accounting guidance requiring disclosures that increase the transparency of transactions with a government accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy, including (i) the types of transactions, (ii) the accounting for those transactions, and (iii) the effect of those transactions on an entity’s financial statements. The update will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2022. Entities have the option of adopting the guidance using either a prospective or retrospective approach. The Company intends to adopt the update in the first quarter of 2022 using the prospective approach. The Company will apply the update to applicable transactions after the adoption date and the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statement footnote disclosures will depend on the nature and amount of the government assistance received in the applicable period.

The FASB issued in October 2021 an update to accounting guidance to improve the accounting for acquired revenue contracts with customers in a business combination by addressing diversity in practice and inconsistency related to their recognition and measurement. The update requires an acquirer to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with the revenue recognition guidance. This generally will result in the acquirer recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at the same amounts recorded by the acquiree immediately before the acquisition date. Historically, such amounts were recognized by the acquirer at fair value. The update will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2023, with early adoption permitted. The Company will apply the update to applicable transactions occurring on or after the adoption date. The impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will depend on the facts and circumstances of any future transactions.

The FASB issued in March 2020 an update to provide temporary optional guidance intended to ease the potential burden of accounting for reference rate reform. The amendments in the update provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contract modifications, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by the expected market transition from the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates if certain criteria are met. The amendments were effective upon issuance and can be applied on a prospective basis through December 31, 2022. The adoption of the update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.