17.	Trade and Other Receivables

As at December 31, 2017 and 2016, this account consists of receivables from:

	2017		2016
	(in million pesos)
Retail subscribers (Note 28)		17,961		20,290
Corporate subscribers (Notes 25 and 28)		9,641		9,333
Foreign administrations (Note 28)		6,517		5,819
Domestic carriers (Notes 25 and 28)		457		354
Dealers, agents and others (Notes 25 and 28)		13,686		7,428
		48,262		43,224
Less allowance for doubtful accounts (Notes 5 and 28)		14,501		18,788
		33,761		24,436

Receivables from foreign administrations and domestic carriers represent receivables based on interconnection agreements with other telecommunications carriers. The aforementioned amounts of receivables are shown net of related payables to the same telecommunications carriers where a legal right of offset exists and settlement is facilitated on a net basis.

Receivables from dealers, agents and others consist mainly of receivables from credit card companies, dealers and distributors having collection arrangements with the PLDT Group, dividend receivables and advances from affiliates.

Trade receivables are non-interest-bearing and generally have settlement terms of 30 to 180 days.

For terms and conditions relating to related party receivables, see Note 25 – Related Party Transactions.

See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions for the summary of transactions with related parties and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Credit Risk on credit risk of trade receivables to understand how we manage and measure credit quality of trade receivables that are neither past due nor impaired.

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:

	Total			Retail Subscribers			Corporate Subscribers			Foreign Administrations			Domestic Carriers			Dealers, Agents and Others
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2017
Balance at beginning of the year		18,788			12,588			3,827			628			134			1,611
Provisions (reversals) and other adjustments		(1,029	)		(1,166	)		15			310			(59	)		(129	)
Write-offs		(3,258	)		(2,644	)		(538	)		—			—			(76	)
Balance at end of the year		14,501			8,778			3,304			938			75			1,406
Individual impairment		10,160			5,747			3,177			104			51			1,081
Collective impairment		4,341			3,031			127			834			24			325
		14,501			8,778			3,304			938			75			1,406
Gross amount of receivables individually impaired, before deducting any impairment allowance		10,160			5,747			3,177			104			51			1,081
December 31, 2016
Balance at beginning of the year		15,921			9,540			4,451			315			86			1,529
Provisions (reversals) and other adjustments		5,305			4,843			(71	)		359			60			114
Write-offs		(2,438	)		(1,795	)		(553	)		(46	)		(12	)		(32	)
Balance at end of the year		18,788			12,588			3,827			628			134			1,611
Individual impairment		14,970			9,789			3,711			87			113			1,270
Collective impairment		3,818			2,799			116			541			21			341
		18,788			12,588			3,827			628			134			1,611
Gross amount of receivables individually impaired, before deducting any impairment allowance		14,970			9,789			3,711			87			113			1,270