Intangible Assets and Liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Abstract]

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization (accretion) of our intangible assets and liabilities, other than goodwill, are as follows:


	December 31, 2019										December 31, 2018
In thousands	Gross Assets		Accumulated (Amortization) Accretion		Net		Gross Assets		Accumulated (Amortization) Accretion		Net
Intangible Assets
Core-developed technology	$	507,669	$	(458,109)	$	49,560	$	507,100	$	(429,955)	$	77,145
Customer contracts and relationships	381,288		(251,509)		129,779		379,614		(212,538)		167,076
Trademarks and trade names	78,837		(73,732)		5,105		78,746		(69,879)		8,867
Other	12,020		(11,367)		653		12,600		(11,205)		1,395
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	979,814		(794,717)		185,097		978,060		(723,577)		254,483
In-process research and development	—				—		3,100				3,100
Total intangible assets	$	979,814	$	(794,717)	$	185,097	$	981,160	$	(723,577)	$	257,583

Intangible Liabilities
Customer contracts and relationships	$	(23,900)	$	13,450	$	(10,450)	$	(23,900)	$	5,217	$	(18,683)

A summary of the intangible assets and liabilities account activity is as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
In thousands	2019		2018
Beginning balance, intangible assets, gross	$	981,160	$	769,851
Intangible assets acquired	—		242,039

Effect of change in exchange rates	(1,346)		(30,730)
Ending balance, intangible assets, gross	$	979,814	$	981,160

Beginning balance, intangible liabilities, gross	$	(23,900)	$	—
Intangible liabilities acquired	—		(23,900)
Effect of change in exchange rates	—		—
Ending balance, intangible liabilities, gross	$	(23,900)	$	(23,900)

On January 5, 2018, we completed our acquisition of SSNI by purchasing 100% of the voting stock. Acquired intangible assets include in-process research and development (IPR&D), which is not amortized until such time as the associated development projects are completed. Of these projects, $3.1 million were completed during the first half of 2019 and are included in core-developed technology. Assumed intangible liabilities reflect the present value of the projected cash outflows for an existing contract where remaining costs are expected to exceed projected revenues.

Estimated future annual amortization (accretion) is as follows:


Year Ending December 31,	Amortization		Accretion		Estimated Annual Amortization, net
In thousands
2020	$	53,028	$	(8,028)	$	45,000
2021	37,705		(1,963)		35,742
2022	27,346		(459)		26,887
2023	19,785		—		19,785
2024	15,612		—		15,612
Thereafter	31,621		—		31,621
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	$	185,097	$	(10,450)	$	174,647


Amortization Expense	Year Ended December 31,
In thousands	2019		2018		2017
Amortization expense	$	64,286	$	71,713	$	20,785

We have recognized amortization expense within operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. These expenses relate to intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of business combinations.