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Segment Reporting
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Reporting Note 20 Segment Reporting
The Corporation utilizes a risk-based internal profitability measurement system to provide strategic business unit reporting. The profitability measurement system is based on internal management methodologies designed to produce consistent results and reflect the underlying economics of the units. Certain strategic business units have been combined for segment information reporting purposes where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The three reportable segments are Corporate and Commercial Specialty; Community, Consumer, and Business; and Risk Management and Shared Services. The financial information of the Corporation’s segments has been compiled utilizing the accounting policies described in Note 1, with certain exceptions. The more significant of these exceptions are described herein.
The reportable segment results are presented based on the Corporation's internal management accounting process. The management accounting policies and processes utilized in compiling segment financial information are highly subjective and, unlike financial accounting, are not based on authoritative guidance similar to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. As a result, reported segments and the financial information of the reported segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information reported by other financial institutions. Furthermore, changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in changes in previously reported segment financial data. Additionally, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities.
To determine financial performance of each segment, the Corporation allocates funds transfer pricing ("FTP") assignments, the provision for credit losses, certain noninterest expenses, income tax, and equity to each segment. Allocation methodologies are subject to periodic adjustment as the internal management accounting system is revised, the interest rate environment evolves, and business or product lines within the segments change. Also, because the development and application of these methodologies is a dynamic process, the financial results presented may be periodically reviewed.
The Corporation allocates net interest income using an internal FTP methodology that charges users of funds (assets) and credits providers of funds (liabilities, primarily deposits) based on the maturity, prepayment, and / or re-pricing characteristics of the assets and liabilities. The net effect of this allocation is offset in the Risk Management and Shared Services segment to ensure the consolidated total reflects the Corporation's net interest income. The net FTP allocation is reflected as net intersegment interest income (expense) in the accompanying tables.
A credit provision is allocated to segments based on the expected long-term annual net charge off rates attributable to the credit risk of loans managed by the segment during the period. In contrast, the level of the consolidated provision for credit losses is determined based on an incurred loss model using the methodologies described in Note 1 to assess the overall appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments. The net effect of the credit provision is recorded in Risk Management and Shared Services. Indirect expenses incurred by certain centralized support areas are allocated to segments based on actual usage (for example, volume measurements) and other criteria. Certain types of administrative expenses and bank-wide expense accruals (including amortization of core deposit and other intangible assets associated with acquisitions) are generally not allocated to segments. Income taxes are allocated to segments based on the Corporation’s estimated effective tax rate, with certain segments adjusted for any tax-exempt income or non-deductible expenses, the net tax residual is recorded in Risk Management and Shared Services. Equity is allocated to the segments based on regulatory capital requirements and in proportion to an assessment of the inherent risks associated with the business of the segment (including interest, credit and operating risk).
A description of each business segment is presented below.
Corporate and Commercial Specialty: The Corporate and Commercial Specialty segment serves a wide range of customers including larger businesses, developers, not-for-profits, municipalities, and financial institutions. In serving this segment we compete based on an in-depth understanding of our customers’ financial needs, the ability to match market competitive solutions to those needs, and the highest standards of relationship and service excellence in the delivery of these services. Delivery of services is provided through our corporate and commercial units, our commercial real estate unit, as well as our specialized industries and commercial financial services units. Within this segment we provide the following products and services: (1) lending solutions, such as commercial loans and lines of credit, commercial real estate financing, construction loans, letters of credit, leasing, asset based lending, and, for our larger clients, loan syndications; (2) deposit and cash management solutions such as commercial checking and interest-bearing deposit products, cash vault and night depository services, liquidity solutions, payables and receivables solutions, and information services, and (3) specialized financial services such as interest rate risk management, foreign exchange solutions, and commodity hedging.
Community, Consumer, and Business: The Community, Consumer, and Business segment serves individuals, as well as small and mid-sized businesses. In serving this segment we compete based on providing a broad range of solutions to meet the needs of our customers in their entire financial lifecycle, convenient access to our services through multiple channels such as branches, phone based services, online and mobile banking, and a relationship based business model which assists our customers in navigating
any changes and challenges in their financial circumstances. Delivery of services is provided through our various consumer banking, community banking, and private client units. Within this segment we provide the following products and services: (1) lending solutions such as residential mortgages, home equity loans and lines of credit, personal and installment loans, real estate financing, business loans, and business lines of credit; (2) deposit and transactional solutions such as checking, credit, debit and pre-paid cards, online banking and bill pay, and money transfer services; (3) investable funds solutions such as savings, money market deposit accounts, IRA accounts, certificates of deposit, fixed and variable annuities, full-service, discount and on-line investment brokerage; investment advisory services; trust and investment management accounts; (4) insurance and benefits related products and services; and (5) fiduciary services such as administration of pension, profit-sharing and other employee benefit plans, fiduciary and corporate agency services, and institutional asset management.
Risk Management and Shared Services: The Risk Management and Shared Services segment includes Corporate Risk Management, Credit Administration, Finance, Treasury, Operations and Technology, which are key shared functions. The segment also includes Parent Company activity, intersegment eliminations and residual revenue and expenses, representing the difference between actual amounts incurred and the amounts allocated to operating segments, including interest rate risk residuals (FTP mismatches) and credit risk and provision residuals (long term credit charge mismatches). The earning assets within this segment include the Corporation’s investment portfolio, and capital includes both allocated and any remaining unallocated capital. In addition, the segment includes certain unallocated expenses related to Bank Mutual's shared services and operations prior to system conversion in late June 2018. All acquisition costs are included in this segment.
Information about the Corporation’s segments is presented below:
 
Corporate and Commercial Specialty
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
2018
2017
2016
 
($ in Thousands)
Net interest income
$
457,613

$
360,789

$
312,982

Net intersegment interest income (expense)
(56,356
)
(3,737
)
15,621

Segment net interest income
401,258

357,051

328,603

Noninterest income
52,321

52,297

47,776

Total revenue
453,578

409,348

376,379

Credit provision (a)
44,592

42,298

50,397

Noninterest expense
160,399

156,890

148,493

Income (loss) before income taxes
248,587

210,160

177,489

Income tax expense (benefit)
47,850

71,655

59,261

Net income
$
200,737

$
138,505

$
118,228

Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1) (b)
16.60
%
12.39
%
11.04
%
 
 
 
 
Average earning assets
$
11,852,662

$
10,820,998

$
10,178,813

Average loans
11,841,818

10,811,827

10,169,300

Average deposits
8,112,430

6,938,913

5,904,238

Average allocated capital (CETI)(b)
1,209,558

1,117,761

1,070,598

Allocated goodwill
524,525

428,000

428,000

 
Community, Consumer, and Business
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
2018
2017
2016
 
($ in Thousands)
Net interest income
$
357,245

$
316,008

$
306,913

Net intersegment interest income (expense)
87,737

45,353

43,639

Segment net interest income
444,982

361,361

350,551

Noninterest income
295,647

266,250

277,942

Total revenue
740,629

627,611

628,493

Credit provision(a)
20,083

20,400

24,185

Noninterest expense
542,117

490,908

502,285

Income (loss) before income taxes
178,429

116,303

102,023

Income tax expense (benefit)
37,476

40,706

35,708

Net income
$
140,953

$
75,597

$
66,315

Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(b)
21.57
%
12.89
%
10.53
%
 
 
 
 
Average earning assets
$
10,336,105

$
9,456,549

$
9,309,028

Average loans
10,332,665

9,452,253

9,307,723

Average deposits
13,623,852

11,711,407

11,451,759

Average allocated capital (CETI)(b)
653,354

586,417

629,540

Allocated goodwill
644,498

548,238

543,951

 
Risk Management and Shared Services
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
2018
2017
2016
 
($ in Thousands)
Net interest income
$
64,722

$
64,423

$
87,378

Net intersegment interest income (expense)
(31,382
)
(41,615
)
(59,259
)
Segment net interest income
33,341

22,808

28,119

Noninterest income
7,600

14,133

27,165

Total revenue
40,941

36,941

55,284

Credit provision(a)
(64,675
)
(36,698
)
(4,582
)
Noninterest expense(c)
119,283

61,335

51,782

Income (loss) before income taxes
(13,668
)
12,304

8,084

Income tax expense (benefit)
(5,540
)
(2,858
)
(7,647
)
Net income
$
(8,128
)
$
15,162

$
15,731

Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(b)
(3.19
)%
1.44
%
2.84
%
 
 
 
 
Average earning assets
$
7,861,026

$
6,722,337

$
6,538,820

Average loans
543,814

328,303

173,644

Average deposits
2,335,768

3,273,282

3,649,775

Average allocated capital (CETI)(b)
592,006

405,281

240,253

Allocated goodwill




 
Consolidated Total
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
2018
2017
2016
 
($ in Thousands)
Net interest income
$
879,580

$
741,220

$
707,273

Net intersegment interest income (expense)



Segment net interest income
879,580

741,220

707,273

Noninterest income
355,568

332,680

352,883

Total revenue
1,235,148

1,073,900

1,060,156

Credit provision(a)

26,000

70,000

Noninterest expense
821,799

709,133

702,560

Income (loss) before income taxes
413,349

338,767

287,596

Income tax expense (benefit)
79,786

109,503

87,322

Net income
$
333,562

$
229,264

$
200,274

Return on average allocated capital (ROCET1)(b)
13.15
%
10.43
%
9.86
%
 
 
 
 
Average earning assets
$
30,049,793

$
26,999,884

$
26,026,661

Average loans
22,718,297

20,592,383

19,650,667

Average deposits
24,072,049

21,923,602

21,005,772

Average allocated capital (CETI)(b)
2,454,919

2,109,459

1,940,391

Allocated goodwill
1,169,023

976,239

971,951

(a)
The consolidated credit provision is equal to the actual reported provision for credit losses.
(b)
The Federal Reserve establishes capital adequacy requirements for the Corporation. Average allocated capital represents average common equity Tier 1, as defined by the Federal Reserve. For segment reporting purposes, the ROCET1, a non-GAAP financial measure, reflects return on average allocated common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”). The ROCET1 for the Risk Management and Shared Services segment and the Consolidated Total is inclusive of the annualized effect of the preferred stock dividends.
(c)
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Risk Management and Shared Services segment includes approximately $29 million of acquisition related costs within noninterest expense and approximately $2 million of acquisition related asset losses, net of asset gains within noninterest income.