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Loans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loan composition Loans at December 31 are summarized below.
 
2017
 
2016
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
6,399,693

 
$
6,489,014

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
802,209

 
897,724

Commercial and business lending
7,201,902

 
7,386,738

Commercial real estate - investor
3,315,254

 
3,574,732

Real estate construction
1,451,684

 
1,432,497

Commercial real estate lending
4,766,938

 
5,007,229

Total commercial
11,968,840

 
12,393,967

Residential mortgage
7,546,534

 
6,332,327

Home equity
883,804

 
934,443

Other consumer
385,813

 
393,979

Total consumer
8,816,151

 
7,660,749

Total loans
$
20,784,991

 
$
20,054,716
Loans And Leases Receivable Related Parties The Corporation has granted loans to its directors, executive officers, or their related interests. These loans were made on substantially the same terms, including rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other unrelated customers, and do not involve more than a normal risk of collection. These loans to related parties are summarized below.
 
2017
2016
 
($ in Thousands)
Balance at beginning of year
$
27,589

$
36,597

New loans
5,329

10,677

Repayments
(7,632
)
(11,089
)
Change due to status of executive officers and directors
(5,026
)
(8,596
)
Balance at end of year
$
20,260

$
27,589
Commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2017.
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Potential Problem
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
6,015,884

 
$
157,245

 
$
113,778

 
$
112,786

 
$
6,399,693

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
723,291

 
14,181

 
41,997

 
22,740

 
802,209

Commercial and business lending
6,739,175

 
171,426

 
155,775

 
135,526

 
7,201,902

Commercial real estate - investor
3,266,389

 
24,845

 
19,291

 
4,729

 
3,315,254

Real estate construction
1,421,504

 
29,206

 
—

 
974

 
1,451,684

Commercial real estate lending
4,687,893

 
54,051

 
19,291

 
5,703

 
4,766,938

Total commercial
11,427,068

 
225,477

 
175,066

 
141,229

 
11,968,840

Residential mortgage
7,490,860

 
426

 
1,616

 
53,632

 
7,546,534

Home equity
868,958

 
1,137

 
195

 
13,514

 
883,804

Other consumer
384,990

 
652

 
—

 
171

 
385,813

Total consumer
8,744,808

 
2,215

 
1,811

 
67,317

 
8,816,151

Total loans
$
20,171,876

 
$
227,692

 
$
176,877

 
$
208,546

 
$
20,784,991

The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2016. 
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Potential Problem
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
5,937,119

 
$
141,328

 
$
227,196

 
$
183,371

 
$
6,489,014

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
805,871

 
17,785

 
64,524

 
9,544

 
897,724

Commercial and business lending
6,742,990

 
159,113

 
291,720

 
192,915

 
7,386,738

Commercial real estate - investor
3,491,217

 
14,236

 
51,228

 
18,051

 
3,574,732

Real estate construction
1,429,083

 
105

 
2,465

 
844

 
1,432,497

Commercial real estate lending
4,920,300

 
14,341

 
53,693

 
18,895

 
5,007,229

Total commercial
11,663,290

 
173,454

 
345,413

 
211,810

 
12,393,967

Residential mortgage
6,275,162

 
1,314

 
5,615

 
50,236

 
6,332,327

Home equity
919,740

 
1,588

 
114

 
13,001

 
934,443

Other consumer
393,161

 
562

 
—

 
256

 
393,979

Total consumer
7,588,063

 
3,464

 
5,729

 
63,493

 
7,660,749

Total loans
$
19,251,353

 
$
176,918

 
$
351,142

 
$
275,303

 
$
20,054,716
Summarized details of Loans The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2017.
 
Current
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days or More
Past Due (a)
 
Nonaccrual (b)
 
Total
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
6,286,369

 
$
170

 
$
101

 
$
267

 
$
112,786

 
$
6,399,693

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
779,421

 
48

 
—

 
—

 
22,740

 
802,209

Commercial and business lending
7,065,790

 
218

 
101

 
267

 
135,526

 
7,201,902

Commercial real estate - investor
3,310,000

 
374

 
—

 
151

 
4,729

 
3,315,254

Real estate construction
1,450,459

 
168

 
83

 
—

 
974

 
1,451,684

Commercial real estate lending
4,760,459

 
542

 
83

 
151

 
5,703

 
4,766,938

Total commercial
11,826,249

 
760

 
184

 
418

 
141,229

 
11,968,840

Residential mortgage
7,483,350

 
9,186

 
366

 
—

 
53,632

 
7,546,534

Home equity
863,465

 
5,688

 
1,137

 
—

 
13,514

 
883,804

Other consumer
382,186

 
1,227

 
780

 
1,449

 
171

 
385,813

Total consumer
8,729,001

 
16,101

 
2,283

 
1,449

 
67,317

 
8,816,151

Total loans
$
20,555,250

 
$
16,861

 
$
2,467

 
$
1,867

 
$
208,546

 
$
20,784,991

(a)
The recorded investment in loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $2 million at December 31, 2017 (the same as the reported balances for the accruing loans noted above).
(b)
Of the total nonaccrual loans, $135 million or 65% were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2017.

The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2016.
 
Current
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days or More
Past Due (a)
 
Nonaccrual (b)
 
Total
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
6,303,994

 
$
965

 
$
448

 
$
236

 
$
183,371

 
$
6,489,014

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
886,796

 
968

 
416

 
—

 
9,544

 
897,724

Commercial and business lending
7,190,790

 
1,933

 
864

 
236

 
192,915

 
7,386,738

Commercial real estate - investor
3,555,750

 
431

 
500

 
—

 
18,051

 
3,574,732

Real estate construction
1,431,284

 
264

 
105

 
—

 
844

 
1,432,497

Commercial real estate lending
4,987,034

 
695

 
605

 
—

 
18,895

 
5,007,229

Total commercial
12,177,824

 
2,628

 
1,469

 
236

 
211,810

 
12,393,967

Residential mortgage
6,273,949

 
7,298

 
844

 
—

 
50,236

 
6,332,327

Home equity
915,593

 
4,265

 
1,584

 
—

 
13,001

 
934,443

Other consumer
389,157

 
2,471

 
718

 
1,377

 
256

 
393,979

Total consumer
7,578,699

 
14,034

 
3,146

 
1,377

 
63,493

 
7,660,749

Total loans
$
19,756,523

 
$
16,662

 
$
4,615

 
$
1,613

 
$
275,303

 
$
20,054,716

(a)
The recorded investment in loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $2 million at December 31, 2016 (the same as the reported balances for the accruing loans noted above).
(b)
Of the total nonaccrual loans, $224 million or 81% were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2016.
Summarized details of impaired Loans The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated under ASC Topic 310 at December 31, 2017.
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
($ in Thousands)
Loans with a related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
81,649

 
$
83,579

 
$
10,838

 
$
58,494

 
$
2,629

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
23,796

 
23,937

 
2,973

 
12,124

 
736

Commercial and business lending
105,445

 
107,516

 
13,811

 
70,618

 
3,365

Commercial real estate - investor
17,823

 
17,862

 
1,597

 
16,924

 
1,694

Real estate construction
467

 
578

 
86

 
484

 
29

Commercial real estate lending
18,290

 
18,440

 
1,683

 
17,408

 
1,723

Total commercial
123,735

 
125,956

 
15,494

 
88,026

 
5,088

Residential mortgage
40,561

 
42,922

 
6,512

 
40,411

 
1,614

Home equity
10,250

 
10,986

 
3,718

 
10,521

 
549

Other consumer
1,135

 
1,138

 
122

 
1,140

 
3

Total consumer
51,946

 
55,046

 
10,352

 
52,072

 
2,166

Total loans
$
175,681

 
$
181,002

 
$
25,846

 
$
140,098

 
$
7,254

Loans with no related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
60,595

 
$
82,839

 
$
—

 
$
89,275

 
$
492

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
2,438

 
2,829

 
—

 
1,948

 
36

Commercial and business lending
63,033

 
85,668

 
—

 
91,223

 
528

Commercial real estate - investor
1,295

 
1,295

 
—

 
—

 
45

Real estate construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Commercial real estate lending
1,295

 
1,295

 
—

 
—

 
45

Total commercial
64,328

 
86,963

 
—

 
91,223

 
573

Residential mortgage
6,925

 
7,204

 
—

 
4,999

 
217

Home equity
641

 
645

 
—

 
540

 
7

Other consumer
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total consumer
7,566

 
7,849

 
—

 
5,539

 
224

Total loans
$
71,894

 
$
94,812

 
$
—

 
$
96,762

 
$
797

Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
142,244

 
$
166,418

 
$
10,838

 
$
147,769

 
$
3,121

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
26,234

 
26,766

 
2,973

 
14,072

 
772

Commercial and business lending
168,478

 
193,184

 
13,811

 
161,841

 
3,893

Commercial real estate - investor
19,118

 
19,157

 
1,597

 
16,924

 
1,739

Real estate construction
467

 
578

 
86

 
484

 
29

Commercial real estate lending
19,585

 
19,735

 
1,683

 
17,408

 
1,768

Total commercial
188,063

 
212,919

 
15,494

 
179,249

 
5,661

Residential mortgage
47,486

 
50,126

 
6,512

 
45,410

 
1,831

Home equity
10,891

 
11,631

 
3,718

 
11,061

 
556

Other consumer
1,135

 
1,138

 
122

 
1,140

 
3

Total consumer
59,512

 
62,895

 
10,352

 
57,611

 
2,390

Total loans (a)
$
247,575

 
$
275,814

 
$
25,846

 
$
236,860

 
$
8,051

(a)
The net recorded investment (defined as recorded investment, net of the related allowance) of the impaired loans represented 80% of the unpaid principal balance at December 31, 2017.
The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated under ASC Topic 310 at December 31, 2016. 
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
($ in Thousands)
Loans with a related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
99,786

 
$
105,175

 
$
21,047

 
$
104,808

 
$
2,345

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
5,544

 
5,568

 
23

 
5,840

 
263

Commercial and business lending
105,330

 
110,743

 
21,070

 
110,648

 
2,608

Commercial real estate - investor
26,764

 
27,031

 
3,410

 
30,665

 
2,120

Real estate construction
509

 
648

 
84

 
529

 
31

Commercial real estate lending
27,273

 
27,679

 
3,494

 
31,194

 
2,151

Total commercial
132,603

 
138,422

 
24,564

 
141,842

 
4,759

Residential mortgage
37,902

 
39,979

 
6,438

 
38,608

 
1,551

Home equity
11,070

 
11,909

 
3,943

 
11,420

 
627

Other consumer
1,012

 
1,023

 
109

 
1,021

 
2

Total consumer
49,984

 
52,911

 
10,490

 
51,049

 
2,180

Total loans
$
182,587

 
$
191,333

 
$
35,054

 
$
192,891

 
$
6,939

Loans with no related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
113,485

 
$
134,863

 
$
—

 
$
117,980

 
$
1,519

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
8,439

 
9,266

 
—

 
8,759

 
138

Commercial and business lending
121,924

 
144,129

 
—

 
126,739

 
1,657

Commercial real estate - investor
6,144

 
6,478

 
—

 
7,092

 
—

Real estate construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Commercial real estate lending
6,144

 
6,478

 
—

 
7,092

 
—

Total commercial
128,068

 
150,607

 
—

 
133,831

 
1,657

Residential mortgage
5,974

 
6,998

 
—

 
6,610

 
184

Home equity
106

 
107

 
—

 
107

 
4

Other consumer
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total consumer
6,080

 
7,105

 
—

 
6,717

 
188

Total loans
$
134,148

 
$
157,712

 
$
—

 
$
140,548

 
$
1,845

Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
213,271

 
$
240,038

 
$
21,047

 
$
222,788

 
$
3,864

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
13,983

 
14,834

 
23

 
14,599

 
401

Commercial and business lending
227,254

 
254,872

 
21,070

 
237,387

 
4,265

Commercial real estate - investor
32,908

 
33,509

 
3,410

 
37,757

 
2,120

Real estate construction
509

 
648

 
84

 
529

 
31

Commercial real estate lending
33,417

 
34,157

 
3,494

 
38,286

 
2,151

Total commercial
260,671

 
289,029

 
24,564

 
275,673

 
6,416

Residential mortgage
43,876

 
46,977

 
6,438

 
45,218

 
1,735

Home equity
11,176

 
12,016

 
3,943

 
11,527

 
631

Other consumer
1,012

 
1,023

 
109

 
1,021

 
2

Total consumer
56,064

 
60,016

 
10,490

 
57,766

 
2,368

Total loans (a)
$
316,735

 
$
349,045

 
$
35,054

 
$
333,439

 
$
8,784

(a)
The net recorded investment (defined as recorded investment, net of the related allowance) of the impaired loans represented 81% of the unpaid principal balance at December 31, 2016.
Nonaccrual and performing restructured loans
 
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
 
Performing
Restructured
Loans
Nonaccrual
Restructured
Loans(a)
Performing
Restructured
Loans
Nonaccrual
Restructured
Loans(a)
Performing
Restructured
Loans
Nonaccrual
Restructured
Loans(a)
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
30,047

$
1,776

$
31,884

$
1,276

$
29,293

$
1,714

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
3,989

—

5,490

2,220

7,877

2,703

Commercial real estate - investor
14,389

—

15,289

924

21,915

3,936

Real estate construction
310

157

359

150

510

177

Residential mortgage
17,068

18,991

18,100

21,906

19,870

24,592

Home equity
7,705

2,537

7,756

2,877

7,069

4,522

Other consumer
1,110

25

979

32

829

40

   Total restructured loans
$
74,618

$
23,486

$
79,857

$
29,385

$
87,363

$
37,684

(a)
Nonaccrual restructured loans have been included within nonaccrual loans.
Summary of restructured loans The following table provides the number of loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring by loan portfolio during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Year Ended December 31, 2016
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
Number
of
Loans
Recorded
Investment(a)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance(b)
Number
of
Loans
Recorded
Investment(a)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance(b)
Number
of
Loans
Recorded
Investment(a)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance(b)
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
8

$
3,991

$
6,339

8

$
1,509

$
1,526

12

$
2,219

$
2,900

Commercial real estate - owner occupied
2

690

690

1

116

122

5

3,694

3,901

Commercial real estate - investor
—

—

—

—

—

—

5

21,573

21,640

Real estate construction
—

—

—

1

65

91

4

78

79

Residential mortgage
45

4,238

4,364

63

5,535

5,792

97

10,464

10,996

Home equity
22

507

507

57

2,030

2,084

88

3,103

3,249

Other consumer
—

—

—

1

15

16

—

—

—

   Total
77

$
9,426

$
11,900

131

$
9,270

$
9,631

211

$
41,131

$
42,765

(a)
Represents post-modification outstanding recorded investment.
(b)
Represents pre-modification outstanding recorded investment.
Troubled debt restructurings subsequent redefault The following table provides the number of loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the previous twelve months which subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, as well as the recorded investment in these restructured loans as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Year Ended December 31, 2016
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
Number of
Loans
Recorded
Investment
Number of
Loans
Recorded
Investment
Number of
Loans
Recorded
Investment
 
($ in Thousands)
Commercial and industrial
2

$
—

—

$
—

2

$
197

Residential mortgage
36

3,137

44

4,102

61

6,815

Home equity
27

735

23

457

28

1,220

Other consumer
1

7

1

15

—

—

   Total
66

$
3,879

68

$
4,574

91

$
8,232
Changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment A summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2017, was as follows.
 
Commercial
and
industrial
Commercial
real estate
- owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
- investor
Real estate
construction
Residential
mortgage
Home
equity
Other
consumer
Total
 
($ in Thousands)
December 31, 2016
$
140,126

$
14,034

$
45,285

$
26,932

$
27,046

$
20,364

$
4,548

$
278,335

Charge offs
(44,533
)
(344
)
(991
)
(604
)
(2,611
)
(2,724
)
(4,439
)
(56,246
)
Recoveries
11,465

173

242

74

927

3,194

716

16,791

Net charge offs
(33,068
)
(171
)
(749
)
(530
)
(1,684
)
470

(3,723
)
(39,455
)
Provision for loan losses
16,010

(3,511
)
(3,477
)
7,968

4,245

1,292

4,473

27,000

December 31, 2017
$
123,068

$
10,352

$
41,059

$
34,370

$
29,607

$
22,126

$
5,298

$
265,880

Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
10,838

$
2,973

$
1,597

$
86

$
6,512

$
3,718

$
122

$
25,846

Collectively evaluated for impairment
112,230

7,379

39,462

34,284

23,095

18,408

5,176

240,034

Total allowance for loan losses
$
123,068

$
10,352

$
41,059

$
34,370

$
29,607

$
22,126

$
5,298

$
265,880

Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
142,244

$
26,234

$
19,118

$
467

$
47,486

$
10,891

$
1,135

$
247,575

Collectively evaluated for impairment
6,257,449

775,975

3,296,136

1,451,217

7,499,048

872,913

384,678

20,537,416

Total loans
$
6,399,693

$
802,209

$
3,315,254

$
1,451,684

$
7,546,534

$
883,804

$
385,813

$
20,784,991

For comparison purposes, a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2016, was as follows.
 
Commercial
and
industrial
Commercial
real estate
- owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
- investor
Real estate
construction
Residential
mortgage
Home
equity
Other
consumer
Total
 
($ in Thousands)
December 31, 2015
$
129,959

$
18,680

$
43,018

$
25,266

$
28,261

$
23,555

$
5,525

$
274,264

Charge offs
(71,016
)
(512
)
(1,504
)
(558
)
(4,332
)
(4,686
)
(3,831
)
(86,439
)
Recoveries
14,543

74

1,624

203

755

3,491

820

21,510

Net charge offs
(56,473
)
(438
)
120

(355
)
(3,577
)
(1,195
)
(3,011
)
(64,929
)
Provision for loan losses
66,640

(4,208
)
2,147

2,021

2,362

(1,996
)
2,034

69,000

December 31, 2016
$
140,126

$
14,034

$
45,285

$
26,932

$
27,046

$
20,364

$
4,548

$
278,335

Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
21,047

$
23

$
3,410

$
84

$
6,438

$
3,943

$
109

$
35,054

Collectively evaluated for impairment
119,079

14,011

41,875

26,848

20,608

16,421

4,439

243,281

Total allowance for loan losses
$
140,126

$
14,034

$
45,285

$
26,932

$
27,046

$
20,364

$
4,548

$
278,335

Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
213,271

$
13,983

$
32,908

$
509

$
43,876

$
11,176

$
1,012

$
316,735

Collectively evaluated for impairment
6,275,743

883,741

3,541,824

1,431,988

6,288,451

923,267

392,967

19,737,981

Total loans
$
6,489,014

$
897,724

$
3,574,732

$
1,432,497

$
6,332,327

$
934,443

$
393,979

$
20,054,716
Changes in the allowance for loan losses by oil and gas segment The allowance related to the oil and gas portfolio was $27 million at December 31, 2017 and represented 4.5% of total oil and gas loans.
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
($ in Millions)
Balance at beginning of period
$
38

$
42

Charge offs
(25
)
(59
)
Recoveries
—

—

Net Charge offs
(25
)
(59
)
Provision for loan losses
14

55

Balance at end of period
$
27

$
38

Allowance for loan losses
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
5

$
14

Collectively evaluated for impairment
22

24

Total allowance for loan losses
$
27

$
38

Loans
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
77

$
147

Collectively evaluated for impairment
523

521

Total loans
$
600

$
668
Changes in the allowance for unfunded commitments A summary of the changes in the allowance for unfunded commitments was as follows.
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2017
2016
2015
 
($ in Thousands)
Allowance for Unfunded Commitments
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
25,400

$
24,400

$
24,900

Provision for unfunded commitments
(1,000
)
1,000

(500
)
Balance at end of period
$
24,400

$
25,400

$
24,400