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SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION - NATURAL GAS AND CRUDE OIL PROPERTIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industries Disclosures [Abstract]  
Supplemental Information - Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industries Disclosures [Text Block]
NATURAL GAS INFORMATION - UNAUDITED

Net Proved Reserves

All of our crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs reserves are located in the U.S. We utilize the services of independent petroleum engineers to estimate our crude oil, natural gas, and NGL reserves. As of December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, all of our estimates of proved reserves for the Wattenberg Field and the Utica Shale were based on reserve reports prepared by Ryder Scott and beginning in 2016, NSAI prepared the reserve reports for the Delaware Basin. These reserve estimates have been prepared in compliance with professional standards and the reserves definitions prescribed by the SEC.

Proved reserves are those quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs which can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible under existing economic conditions and operating methods. Proved developed reserves are the proved reserves that can be produced through existing wells with existing equipment and infrastructure and operating methods. Proved undeveloped reserves are proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for development. All of our proved undeveloped reserves conform to the SEC five-year rule requirement to be drilled within five years of each location’s initial booking date.

The indicated index prices for our reserves, by commodity, are presented below.
 
 
Average Benchmark Prices
As of December 31,
 
Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
 
Natural Gas
(per Mcf)
 
NGLs
(per Bbl)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
$
42.75

 
$
2.48

 
$
42.75

2015
 
50.28

 
2.59

 
50.28

2014
 
94.99

 
4.35

 
94.99



The netted back price used to estimate our reserves, by commodity, are presented below.
 
 
Price Used to Estimate Reserves*
As of December 31,
 
Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
 
Natural Gas
(per Mcf)
 
NGLs
(per Bbl)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
$
38.67

 
$
1.85

 
$
11.97

2015
 
42.10

 
2.05

 
12.23

2014
 
84.65

 
3.92

 
32.27


___________
*
These prices are based on the index prices and are net of basin differentials, any transportation fees, contractual adjustments, and any Btu adjustments we experienced for the respective commodity.
    
The following tables present the changes in our estimated quantities of proved reserves:

 
Crude Oil, Condensate (MBbls)
 
Natural Gas
(MMcf)
 
NGLs
(MBbls)
 
Total
(MBoe)
Proved Reserves:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proved reserves, January 1, 2014 (1)
93,830

 
739,640

 
48,671

 
265,774

Revisions of previous estimates
(29,777
)
 
(149,064
)
 
(10,204
)
 
(64,825
)
Extensions, discoveries and other additions, including infill reserves in an existing proved field
40,792

 
202,957

 
23,411

 
98,029

Acquisition of reserves
5

 
43

 
5

 
17

Dispositions
(13
)
 
(237,306
)
 
(8
)
 
(39,572
)
Production
(4,322
)
 
(19,298
)
 
(1,756
)
 
(9,294
)
Proved reserves, December 31, 2014
100,515

 
536,972

 
60,119

 
250,129

Revisions of previous estimates
(43,268
)
 
(154,775
)
 
(24,407
)
 
(93,471
)
Extensions, discoveries and other additions, including infill reserves in an existing proved field
48,707

 
311,709

 
30,835

 
131,494

Acquisition of reserves
17

 
215

 
23

 
76

Dispositions
(12
)
 
(82
)
 
(8
)
 
(34
)
Production
(6,984
)
 
(33,302
)
 
(2,835
)
 
(15,369
)
Proved reserves, December 31, 2015
98,975

 
660,737

 
63,727

 
272,825

Revisions of previous estimates
(22,097
)
 
(80,426
)
 
(7,130
)
 
(42,631
)
Extensions, discoveries and other additions
494

 
4,094

 
355

 
1,531

Acquisition of reserves
50,126

 
305,224

 
32,586

 
133,583

Dispositions
(601
)
 
(4,202
)
 
(424
)
 
(1,725
)
Production
(8,728
)
 
(51,730
)
 
(4,826
)
 
(22,176
)
Proved reserves, December 31, 2016
118,169

 
833,697

 
84,288

 
341,407

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proved Developed Reserves, as of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2014
26,798

 
186,633

 
17,002

 
74,905

December 31, 2015
26,257

 
175,367

 
15,011

 
70,496

December 31, 2016
30,013

 
264,452

 
24,196

 
98,284

Proved Undeveloped Reserves, as of:
 
 
 
 

 
 
December 31, 2014
73,717

 
350,339

 
43,117

 
175,224

December 31, 2015
72,718

 
485,370

 
48,716

 
202,329

December 31, 2016
88,156

 
569,245

 
60,092

 
243,122

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


2016 Activity. During 2016, we increased proved reserves by 25 percent or 68.6 MMBoe, relative to December 31, 2015. This proved reserve increase was primarily a result of the development of longer lateral length well bores in the Wattenberg Field, which was driven by technology advancements, together with the ability to consolidate our leasehold position to drill longer length laterals with increased working interests. We also acquired proved developed reserves and undeveloped reserves in the Delaware Basin.
Extensions, discoveries and other additions for 2016 of 1.5 MMBoe includes the addition of five wells in the Utica Shale.
Acquisitions of reserves of 133.6 MMBoe includes proved developed producing properties and proved undeveloped (“PUD”) locations acquired in our Delaware Basin acquisitions, and new proved locations obtained from an acreage exchange transaction. Because of the preferential economics of the more concentrated acreage in the Wattenberg Field, we rescheduled the timing of anticipated development in the field. This resulted in a downward revision to our proved reserves. The net downward revisions were 42.6 MMBoe. The revision was most notably attributed to a 61.0 MMBoe decrease in reserves due to 2015 PUD locations being removed from our five year development plan and being replaced by PUD locations reflected in purchases of reserves. Infill reserve additions of 16.8 MMBoe in the Wattenberg Field were included as a positive revision of previous estimates. Infill reserve additions for years prior to 2016 for the Wattenberg Field were reported in extensions, discoveries and other additions, including infill reserves in an existing proved field. Revisions also include a 0.5 MMBoe decrease on production due to pricing. The remaining 2.1 MMBoe in positive revisions of previous estimates includes performance revisions and other items.
We had minimal dispositions of 1.7 MMBoe related to acreage traded in the acreage exchange.
At December 31, 2015, we projected a PUD reserve conversion rate of 19 percent for 2016. As a result of revisions to our drilling plan during the last two months of 2016, our actual reserve conversion rate was 16 percent, resulting in 32.2 MMBoe of reserves recorded as PUDs at December 31, 2015, being converted to proved developed reserves as of December 31, 2016.
Based on economic conditions on December 31, 2016, our approved development plan provides for the development of our remaining PUD locations within five years of the date such reserves were initially recorded. As of December 31, 2016, our 2017 PUD reserve conversion rate is expected to be approximately 26 percent. The balance of the PUD reserves are scheduled to be developed over the remaining four years in accordance with our current development plan. The level of capital spending necessary to achieve this drilling schedule is consistent with our recent performance and our outlook for future development activities.

2015 Activity. Overall, our proved reserves increased by 23 MMBoe as of December 31, 2015 as compared to December 31, 2014. In 2015, we produced 15.4 million MMBoe. At December 31, 2014, we projected a PUD conversion rate of 16 percent for 2015. Our actual conversion rate was 17 percent, resulting in 29 MMBoe of reserves booked as PUDs at December 31, 2014 being converted to proved developed reserves during 2015. As shown, we acquired and divested minimal volumes of proved reserves in 2015.

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions, including infill reserves, of approximately 131 MMBoe in 2015 were all added in the Wattenberg Field and primarily related to horizontal Niobrara projects being added to our development plan. The reserve additions associated with these projects are largely the result of data generated from our downspacing testing. This led to increased well density of our PUD locations year-over-year and extended the field by enabling us to book more reserves per section in the Niobrara. In general, at December 31, 2014, Niobrara PUD locations were booked at an equivalent of eight wells per section and at December 31, 2015, such locations were booked at an equivalent of 16 wells per section. Additionally, due to more efficient drilling leading to shorter spud-to-spud times, we have increased the number of wells drilled per drilling rig utilized during the course of the year. We have 791 gross PUD horizontal drilling locations at December 31, 2015, which is an increase from 774 locations at December 31, 2014. Approximately 9 MMBoe of the extensions, discoveries, and other additions to our developed reserves related to wells drilled that were not related to reserves booked as of prior year-end.

We recorded net downward revisions of previous estimates of proved reserves of approximately 93 MMBoe. The revision was a result of multiple factors, most notably a decrease of approximately 56 MMBoe for adjustments to our development plans in the Wattenberg Field resulting from the booking of further-downspaced PUD locations. This downspacing delayed the expected development date for many existing PUD locations beyond the limits of the SEC five-year rule. Also, contributing to the downward revision was a decrease of approximately 33 MMBoe due to the significant decrease in SEC commodity prices utilized in the December 31, 2015 reserve report, including approximately 11 MMBoe specifically related to the removal of vertical re-fracs and re-completions from the proved developed reserves which no longer fall within our economic parameters. There was an additional negative revision of approximately 22 MMBoe primarily related to geology findings and leasehold factors. Partially offsetting these decreases was an upward revision approximately 18 MMBoe related to well performance and forecast adjustments.

Based on the economic conditions on December 31, 2015, our approved development plan provides for the development of our remaining PUD reserves within five years of the date such reserves were initially recorded. The continued success of our increased well density tests in the Wattenberg Field in 2015 allowed for the additional increased well density of PUD locations as of December 31, 2015. Because we expect to continue to drill primarily proved Wattenberg Field locations in 2016 and as a result of additional newly-booked downspaced PUDs at December 31, 2015, our 2016 PUD conversion rate is expected to be approximately 19 percent. The balance of the locations are scheduled to be drilled over the remaining four years in accordance with our current development plan. The level of capital spending necessary to achieve this drilling schedule is consistent with our recent performance and our outlook for future development activities.

2014 Activity. Overall, our proved reserves decreased by 16 MMBoe as of December 31, 2014 as compared to December 31, 2013. In 2014, we produced 9.3 MMBoe. At December 31, 2013, we projected a PUD conversion rate of seven percent for 2014. Our actual conversion rate was seven percent, resulting in 13 MMBoe of reserves booked as PUDs at December 31, 2013 being converted to proved developed reserves during 2014. As shown, we acquired minimal proved reserves in 2014. We divested a total of 40 MMBoe in 2014, primarily from the sale of our Marcellus Shale assets.

Extensions, discoveries and other additions, including infill reserves, resulted in an increase of approximately 98 MMBoe in 2014, substantially all of which was added in the Wattenberg Field and primarily related to Niobrara and Codell projects. These reserve increases are primarily due to adding 78 MMBoe from new proved undeveloped reserves as a result of adjustments in well spacing, which extended the field by enabling us to book more reserves per section in the Niobrara and Codell formations. In addition, approximately 16 MMBoe of previously unbooked locations were developed in the current year and 2 MMBoe due to various other factors. Approximately 2 MMBoe was added in the Utica Shale.

We recorded a downward revision of our previous estimate of proved reserves of approximately 65 MMBoe. The revision was primarily related to decreases of approximately 55 MMBoe for adjustments to our development plans in the Wattenberg Field to focus on a more balanced commodity production mix and increased well density which delayed the expected development date for many existing PUD locations beyond the limits of the SEC five-year rule. In addition, 8 MMBoe of Utica Shale PUDs are no longer in our drilling plans as we directed more capital to higher-return projects in the Wattenberg Field and 2 MMBoe that were due to various other factors.

Based on the economic conditions on December 31, 2014, our approved development plan provided for the development of our remaining PUD reserves within five years of the date such reserves were initially recorded. Our 2014 drilling program focused on testing increased well density in the Wattenberg Field.

Results of Operations for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Producing Activities

The results of operations for crude oil and natural gas producing activities are presented below. The results include activities related to both continuing and discontinued operations and exclude activities related to gas marketing and other income.


Year Ended December 31,

2016
 
2015
 
2014

(in thousands)
Revenue:

 

 

Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales
$
497,353

 
$
378,713

 
$
495,562

Commodity price risk management gain (loss), net
(125,681
)
 
203,183

 
309,219


371,672

 
581,896

 
804,781

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses
59,950

 
56,992

 
43,682

Production taxes
31,410

 
18,443

 
27,194

Transportation, gathering and processing expenses
18,415

 
10,151

 
8,128

Exploration expense
4,669

 
1,102

 
948

Impairment of properties and equipment
9,973

 
161,620

 
167,280

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization
413,105

 
298,760

 
201,656

Accretion of asset retirement obligations
7,080

 
6,293

 
3,455

Loss on sale of properties and equipment
(43
)
 
(385
)
 
(75,972
)

544,559

 
552,976

 
376,371

Results of operations for crude oil and natural gas producing
activities before provision for income taxes
(172,887
)
 
28,920

 
428,410


 
 
 
 
 
Provision for income taxes
64,733

 
(10,394
)
 
(166,930
)


 

 

Results of operations for crude oil and natural gas producing activities, excluding corporate overhead and interest costs
$
(108,154
)
 
$
18,526

 
$
261,480

 
 
 
 
 
 

    
Production costs include those costs incurred to operate and maintain productive wells and related equipment, including costs such as labor, repairs, maintenance, materials, supplies, fuel consumed, insurance, production and severance taxes, and associated administrative expenses. DD&A expense includes those costs associated with capitalized acquisition, exploration, and development costs, but does not include the depreciation applicable to support equipment. The provision for income taxes is computed using effective tax rates.

Costs Incurred in Crude Oil and Natural Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration, and Development Activities

Costs incurred in crude oil and natural gas property acquisition, exploration, and development are presented below.

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
(in thousands)
Acquisition of properties: (1)
 
 
 
 
 
Proved properties (2)
$
268,567

 
$
3,561

 
$
11,973

Unproved properties
1,843,985

 
15

 
45,999

Development costs (3)
383,336

 
552,104

 
608,176

Exploration costs: (4)
 
 
 
 
 
Exploratory drilling

 

 

Geological and geophysical
4,669

 

 
1

Total costs incurred
$
2,500,557

 
$
555,680

 
$
666,149

 
 
 
 
 
 
__________
(1)
Property acquisition costs represent costs incurred to purchase, lease or otherwise acquire a property.
(2)
Includes approximately $40.9 million of infrastructure and pipeline costs in 2016.
(3)
Development costs represent costs incurred to gain access to and prepare development well locations for drilling, drill and equip development wells, recomplete wells, and provide facilities to extract, treat, gather, and store crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs. Of these costs incurred for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, $204.6 million, $207.8 million, and $125.2 million, respectively, were incurred to convert proved undeveloped reserves to proved developed reserves from the prior year end.
(4)
Exploration costs - represents costs incurred in identifying areas that may warrant examination and in examining specific areas that are considered to have prospects of containing crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs.

Capitalized Costs Related to Crude Oil and Natural Gas Producing Activities

Aggregate capitalized costs related to crude oil and natural gas exploration and production activities with applicable accumulated DD&A are presented below:

 
As of December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
 (in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Proved crude oil and natural gas properties
$
3,499,718

 
$
2,881,189

Unproved crude oil and natural gas properties
1,874,671

 
60,498

Uncompleted wells, equipment and facilities
150,424

 
109,385

Capitalized costs
5,524,813

 
3,051,072

Less accumulated DD&A
(1,534,678
)
 
(1,131,705
)
Capitalized costs, net
$
3,990,135

 
$
1,919,367

 
 
 
 

    
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows and Changes Therein Relating to Proved Reserves

The standardized measure below has been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Future estimated cash flows were based on a 12-month average price calculated as the unweighted arithmetic average of the prices on the first day of each month, January through December, applied to our year-end estimated proved reserves. Prices for each of the three years were adjusted by field for Btu content, transportation and regional price differences; however, they were not adjusted to reflect the value of our commodity derivatives. Production and development costs were based on prices as of December 31 for each of the respective years presented. The amounts shown do not give effect to non-property related expenses, such as corporate general and administrative expenses, debt service or to depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense. Production and development costs include those cash flows associated with the expected ultimate settlement of our asset retirement obligations. Future estimated income tax expense is computed by applying the statutory rate in effect at the end of each year to the projected future pre-tax net cash flows, less the tax basis of the properties and gives effect to permanent differences, tax credits, and allowances related to the properties.
    
The following table presents information with respect to the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved reserves. Changes in the demand for crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs, inflation and other factors make such estimates inherently imprecise and subject to substantial revision. This table should not be construed to be an estimate of the current market value of our proved reserves.

 
As of December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Future estimated cash flows
$
7,122,525

 
$
6,297,298

 
$
12,550,515

Future estimated production costs*
(1,624,167
)
 
(1,493,040
)
 
(2,746,811
)
Future estimated development costs
(2,219,914
)
 
(2,036,685
)
 
(2,528,755
)
Future estimated income tax expense
(597,476
)
 
(508,332
)
 
(2,336,510
)
Future net cash flows
2,680,968

 
2,259,241

 
4,938,439

10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows
(1,260,339
)
 
(1,162,377
)
 
(2,631,974
)
Standardized measure of discounted future estimated net cash flows
$
1,420,629

 
$
1,096,864

 
$
2,306,465

 
 
 
 
 
 
___________
*
Represents future estimated lease operating expenses, production taxes, transportation, gathering and processing expenses.
    
The following table presents the principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future estimated net cash flows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
$
1,096,864

 
$
2,306,465

 
$
1,782,163

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs production, net of production costs
(387,576
)
 
(293,127
)
 
(387,789
)
Net changes in prices and production costs (1)
(205,760
)
 
(1,752,921
)
 
129,213

Extensions, discoveries, and improved recovery, less related costs
15,128

 
489,178

 
1,444,581

Sales of reserves
(3,745
)
 
(463
)
 
(402,595
)
Purchases of reserves
487,636

 
374

 
238

Development costs incurred during the period
268,672

 
368,840

 
161,404

Revisions of previous quantity estimates
(320,286
)
 
(1,286,462
)
 
(654,318
)
Changes in estimated income taxes
(13,630
)
 
902,994

 
(221,874
)
Net changes in future development costs
391,145

 
112,958

 
46,499

Accretion of discount
133,747

 
345,007

 
270,389

Timing and other
(41,566
)
 
(95,979
)
 
138,554

End of period
$
1,420,629

 
$
1,096,864

 
$
2,306,465

 
 
 
 
 
 
__________
(1)
Our weighted-average price, net of production costs per Boe, in our 2016 reserve report decreased to $15.73 as compared to $17.30 for 2015 and $37.78 for 2014.
    
The data presented should not be viewed as representing the expected cash flows from, or current value of, existing proved reserves since the computations are based on a large number of estimates and arbitrary assumptions. Reserve quantities cannot be measured with precision and their estimation requires many judgmental determinations and frequent revisions. The required projection of production and related expenditures over time requires further estimates with respect to pipeline availability, rates of demand and governmental control. Actual future prices and costs are likely to be substantially different from the recent average prices and current costs utilized in the computation of reported amounts. Any analysis or evaluation of the reported amounts should give specific recognition to the computational methods utilized and the limitations inherent therein.