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Supplemental Information about Oil & Gas Producing Activities (Unaudited)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industries Disclosures [Abstract]  
Supplemental Information about Oil & Gas Producing Activities (Unaudited)
Supplemental Information about Oil & Natural Gas Producing Activities (Unaudited)

The reserve estimates were made in accordance with oil and natural gas reserve estimation and disclosure authoritative accounting guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board effective for reporting periods ending on or after December 31, 2009. This guidance was issued to align the accounting oil and natural gas reserve estimation and disclosure requirements with the requirements in the SEC's "Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting" rule, which was also effective for annual reports for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2009.

The above-mentioned rules include updated definitions of proved oil and natural gas reserves, proved undeveloped oil and natural gas reserves, oil and natural gas producing activities, and other terms used in estimating proved oil and natural gas reserves. Proved oil and natural gas reserves were calculated based on the prices for oil and natural gas during the twelve month period before the reporting date, determined as an unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period. This average price is also used in calculating the aggregate amount and changes in future cash inflows related to the standardized measure of discounted future cash flows. In addition, the SEC generally requires that reserves classified as proved undeveloped be capable of conversion into proved developed within five years of classification unless specific circumstances justify a longer time.

Changes in Estimated Reserve Quantities

The following table sets forth the Company's estimates of its net proved, net proved developed, and net proved undeveloped oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, and changes in its net proved oil and natural gas reserves for the years then ended. For the years presented, the estimates of proved reserves and related valuations were based 100% on reports prepared by the Company's independent petroleum engineers, DeGolyer and MacNaughton (D&M).

 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
Oil
MBOE
 
Natural Gas
MMcf
 
MBOE
 
Oil
MBOE
 
Natural Gas
MMcf
 
MBOE
 
Oil
MBOE
 
Natural Gas
MMcf
 
MBOE
Proved developed
 and undeveloped reserves:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
166,181

 
630,192

 
271,213

 
129,940

 
632,178

 
235,303

 
125,251

 
724,135

 
245,940

Revision of
previous estimates
(4,054
)
 
(146,349
)
 
(28,446
)
 
4,288

 
(46,860
)
 
(3,522
)
 
2,786

 
(34,564
)
 
(2,975
)
Improved recovery

 

 

 
1,700

 

 
1,700

 

 

 

Extensions and
 discoveries
19,601

 
65,992

 
30,600

 
12,774

 
43,469

 
20,019

 
8,989

 
54,664

 
18,100

Property sales

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(126,600
)
 
(21,100
)
Production
(9,041
)
 
(23,907
)
 
(13,025
)
 
(7,925
)
 
(23,989
)
 
(11,923
)
 
(7,186
)
 
(22,657
)
 
(10,962
)
Purchase of
reserves in place
13,193

 
8,351

 
14,584

 
25,404

 
25,394

 
29,636

 
100

 
37,200

 
6,300

End of year
185,880

 
534,279

 
274,926

 
166,181

 
630,192

 
271,213

 
129,940

 
632,178

 
235,303

Proved developed
 reserves:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
88,917

 
268,566

 
133,678

 
82,870

 
255,520

 
125,456

 
74,616

 
361,575

 
134,879

End of year
107,849

 
221,606

 
144,783

 
88,917

 
268,566

 
133,678

 
82,870

 
255,520

 
125,456



Notable changes in proved reserves for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009 included:

Purchase of Reserves in Place. In 2011 and 2010 the Company acquired reserves of 14,584 MBOE, 29,636 MBOE and primarily in the Wolfberry trend in the Permian. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements. In 2009, the Company acquired reserves of 6,300 MBOE primarily in the Piceance.

Extensions and Discoveries. In 2011, the Company had a total of 30,600 MBOE of extensions and discoveries, which were primarily due to successful drilling and completion activities in the Diatomite, McKittrick, Utah, Piceance and Permian assets. In 2010, the Company had a total of 20,019 MBOE of extensions and discoveries, which were primarily due to the successful drilling and completion activities in the Diatomite, Permian, Utah and E. Texas assets. In 2009, the Company had a total of 18,100 MBOE of extensions and discoveries, which were primarily due to the successful drilling and completion activities in the Diatomite and Piceance assets.

Revisions to Previous Estimates. In 2011, the Company had negative revisions of 28,446 MBOE, which were primarily due to removing proved undeveloped reserves related to assets that reached aging limitations, as mandated by the SEC and negative performance revisions. Specifically, the decrease is due to a 19,632 MBOE decrease in E. Texas, a 5,779 MBOE decrease in Piceance and a 2,576 MBOE decrease in Utah. In 2010, the Company had negative revisions 3,522 MBOE, which were primarily due to negative performance revisions and the Company's future development plans. Specifically, the decrease is due to a 3,666 MBOE decrease in E. Texas, a 3,890 MBOE decrease in the Piceance, and a 840 MBOE decrease in Uinta, offset by a 971 MBOE increase in the Permian and a 3,903 MBOE increase in California. In 2009, the Company had negative revisions of 2,975 MBOE, which were primarily due to negative performance revisions. Specifically, the decrease is due to a 9,108 MBOE decrease in E. Texas, offset by a 398 MBOE increase in California and 5,735 MBOE increase in Utah and Piceance.

Property Sales. In 2009, the Company had total reserve sales of 21,100 MBOE from sale of its DJ assets. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows

Future oil and natural gas sales are calculated applying the prices used in estimating the Company's proved oil and natural gas reserves to the year-end quantities of those reserves. Future production and development costs, which include costs related to plugging of wells, removal of facilities and equipment, and site restoration, are calculated by estimating the expenditures to be incurred in producing and developing the proved oil and natural gas reserves at the end of each year, based on year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. Future income tax expenses are computed by applying the appropriate year-end statutory income tax rates to the estimated future pre-tax net cash flows relating to proved oil and natural gas reserves, less the tax bases of the properties involved. The future income tax expenses give effect to income tax deductions, credits, and allowances relating to the proved oil and natural gas reserves. All cash flow amounts, including income taxes, are discounted at 10%.

The following table presents the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows related to proved oil and natural gas reserves:

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
(in thousands)
Future cash inflows
$
19,568,628

 
$
14,354,627

 
$
9,028,991

Future production costs
(5,226,044
)
 
(4,446,183
)
 
(3,826,832
)
Future development costs
(1,975,429
)
 
(1,789,001
)
 
(1,159,465
)
Future income tax expense
(3,770,512
)
 
(2,272,184
)
 
(969,771
)
Future net cash flows
8,596,643

 
5,847,259

 
3,072,923

10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows
(4,561,364
)
 
(3,048,103
)
 
(1,627,176
)
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
$
4,035,279

 
$
2,799,156

 
$
1,445,747

Average price during the 12-month period: (1)
 
 
 
 
 
Oil ($/BOE)
$
93.72

 
$
69.04

 
$
52.06

Natural gas ($/Mcf)
4.02

 
4.57

 
3.58

BOE ($/BOE)
$
71.18

 
$
52.93

 
$
38.37

______________________________     
(1)
Differences between the average benchmark prices and the average prices used in the calculation of the standardized measure are attributable to adjustments made for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

The present value (at a 10% annual discount) of future net cash flows from the Company’s proved reserves is not necessarily the same as the current market value of its estimated oil and natural gas reserves. The Company bases the estimated discounted future net cash flows from its proved reserves on prices and costs in effect on the day of estimate in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance. However, actual future net cash flows from its oil and natural gas properties will also be affected by factors such as actual prices the Company receives for oil and natural gas, the amount and timing of actual production, supply of and demand for oil and natural gas and changes in governmental regulations or taxation.

The timing of both the Company’s production and incurrence of expenses in connection with the development and production of oil and natural gas properties will affect the timing of actual future net cash flows from proved reserves, and thus their actual present value. In addition, the 10% annual discount factor the Company uses when calculating discounted future net cash flows may not be the most appropriate discount factor based on interest rates in effect from time to time and risks associated with the Company or the oil and natural gas industry in general.

A summary of changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows is as follows:

 
Year ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
(in thousands)
Standardized measure—beginning of year
$
2,799,156

 
$
1,445,747

 
$
1,135,581

Sales of oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs
(599,679
)
 
(406,390
)
 
(353,052
)
Revisions to estimates of proved reserves:
 
 
 
 
 
Net changes in sales prices and production costs
1,473,454

 
1,724,212

 
637,882

Revisions of previous quantity estimates
(281,765
)
 
(49,784
)
 
(33,943
)
Improved recovery

 
24,033

 

Extensions and discoveries
601,313

 
283,011

 
206,542

Change in estimated future development costs
(274,122
)
 
(152,096
)
 
(52,824
)
Purchases of reserves in place
164,383

 
307,205

 
29,348

Sales of reserves in place

 

 
(138,265
)
Development costs incurred during the period
433,660

 
144,086

 
110,200

Accretion of discount
383,418

 
184,917

 
131,745

Income taxes
(634,747
)
 
(593,272
)
 
(190,727
)
Other
(29,792
)
 
(112,513
)
 
(36,740
)
Net increase
1,236,123

 
1,353,409

 
310,166

Standardized measure—end of year
$
4,035,279

 
$
2,799,156

 
$
1,445,747



The following table presents costs incurred in oil and natural gas property acquisition, exploration, and development activities:

 
Year ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
(in thousands)
Property acquisitions
 
 
 
 
 
Proved properties
$
149,158

 
$
334,409

 
$
13,497

Unproved properties
6,632

 

 

Development
544,114

 
320,927

 
138,168

Exploration
627

 
2,310

 
209

Total(1)
$
700,531

 
$
657,646

 
$
151,874

__________________________________________
(1)The total above does not reflect $29.1 million, $28.3 million, and $30.1 million of capitalized interest incurred in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.