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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2012
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]  
Assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis
The following tables provide the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
  
Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2012 Using
 
  
Total
Carrying
Value at
September 30,
2012
  
Quoted
prices in
active
markets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Assets:
                
Cash and Cash Equivalents (1)
 $180,777  $180,777  $-  $- 
Restricted Cash (1)
  38,700   38,700   -   - 
Short-term investments (2)
  3,555   -   3,555     
Bonds substituted for retainage (3)
  14,893   -   14,893   - 
Long-term Investments – Auction rate securities (4)
  46,283   -   -   46,283 
Total
 $284,208  $219,477  $18,448  $46,283 
                  
Liabilities:
                
Interest rate swap contract (5)
 $2,214  $-  $2,214  $- 
Contingent Consideration (6)
  46,706   -   -   46,706 
   $48,920  $-  $2,214  $46,706 
 
 
  
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011 Using
 
  
Total
Carrying
Value at
December 31,
2011
  
Quoted
prices in
active
markets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Assets:
                
Cash and Cash Equivalents (1)
 $204,240  $204,240  $-  $- 
Restricted Cash (1)
  35,437   35,437   -     
Short-term investments (2)
  3,465   1,026   2,439     
Bonds substituted for retainage (3)
  12,488   -   12,488     
Long-term Investments – Auction rate securities (4)
  62,311   -   -   62,311 
Total
 $317,941  $240,703  $14,927  $62,311 
                  
Liabilities:
                
Interest rate swap contract (5)
 $-  $-  $-  $- 
Contingent Consideration (6)
  51,555   -   -   51,555 
   $51,555  $-  $-  $51,555 
 

(1)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash consist primarily of money market funds with original maturity dates of three months or less, for which fair value is determined through quoted market prices.
(2)
Short-term investments are classified as other current assets and are comprised of municipal bonds, the majority of which are rated Aa2 or better. The fair values of the municipal bonds are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments, and as such, the Company has classified these assets as Level 2.
(3)
Bonds substituted for retainage are classified as accounts receivable, including retainage and are comprised of U.S. Treasury Notes and other municipal bonds, the majority of which are rated Aa3 or better. The fair values of these assets are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments, and as such, the Company has classified these assets as Level 2.
(4)
At September 30, 2012 the Company had $46.3 million invested in auction rate securities ("ARS") which the Company considers as available-for-sale long-term investments. The long-term investments ARS held by the Company at September 30, 2012 are in securities collateralized by student loan portfolios. At September 30, 2012 most of the Company's ARS were rated AAA and AA+. The Company estimated the fair value of its ARS utilizing an income approach valuation model which considered, among other items, the following inputs: (i) the underlying structure of each security; (ii) the present value of future principal and interest payments discounted at rates considered to reflect current market conditions (discount rates range from 3% to 7%); (iii) consideration of the probabilities of default or repurchase at par for each period (term periods range from 6 to 8 years); (iv) prices from recent comparable transactions; and (v) other third party pricing information without adjustment. See the Level 3 ARS rollforward below for disclosure of the Company's valuation approach.
(5)
As discussed in Note 10 – Financial Commitments, the Company entered into a swap agreement with Bank of America, N.A. to establish a long-term interest rate for its $200 million five-year term loan. The swap agreement became effective for the term loan principal balance outstanding at January 31, 2012 and will remain effective through the maturity date of the term loan. The Company values the interest rate swap liability utilizing a discounted cash flow model that takes into consideration forward interest rates observable in the market and the counterparty's credit risk. This liability is classified as a component of other long-term liabilities.
(6)
The liabilities listed as of September 30, 2012 above represent the contingent consideration for the Company's recent acquisitions for which the measurement period for purchase price analysis has concluded. See the Level 3 contingent consideration rollforward below for disclosure of the Company's valuation approach.
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (in thousands):

   
Auction Rate
Securities
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2011
 $62,311 
Purchases
  - 
Settlements
  (16,553)
Realized loss included in other income (expense), net
  (2,699)
Reversal of pretax impairment charges included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
  3,224 
Balance at March 31, 2012
 $46,283 
Purchases
  - 
Settlements
  - 
Balance at June 30, 2012
 $46,283 
Purchases
  - 
Settlements
  - 
Balance at September 30, 2012
 $46,283 
      

   
Auction Rate
Securities
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2010
 $88,129 
Purchases
  - 
Settlements
  - 
Balance at March 31, 2011
 $88,129 
Purchases
  - 
Settlements
  - 
Balance at June 30, 2011
 $88,129 
Purchases
  - 
Settlements
  - 
Balance at September 30, 2011
 $88,129 
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (in thousands):

   
Contingent
Consideration
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2011
 $51,555 
Fair value adjustments included in other income (expense), net
  142 
Balance at March 31, 2012
 $51,697 
Fair value measured at conclusion of purchase price analysis measurement period
  3,344 
Fair value adjustments included in other income (expense), net
  (298)
Balance at June 30, 2012
 $54,743 
Fair value adjustments included in other income (expense), net
  (37)
Contingent consideration settled
  (8,000)
Balance at September 30, 2012
 $46,706 

   
Contingent
Consideration
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2010
 $- 
Fair value measured prior to conclusion of purchase price analysis measurement period
  4,200 
Balance at March 31, 2011
 $4,200 
Fair value measured prior to conclusion of purchase price analysis measurement period
  5,500 
Balance at June 30, 2011
 $9,700 
Fair value adjustments included in other income (expense), net
  (1,432)
Fair value measured prior to conclusion of purchase price analysis measurement period
  40,432 
Balance at September 30, 2011
 $48,700